Climate change refers to long-term deviations in the average weather pattern over a

certain period of climate change. Abnormal variations will cause subsequent effects
on significant Earth and regional atmospheres such as polar ice and natural habitats
of different life forms.

Causes are identified and measured by environmental policies that periodically track
environmental damage and changes in all dynamic processes. All human activity and
external factors collectively force the climate to change immediately.

Climate change is a necessity that we are facing together today. The more climate
change the more we feel even more alarming. For that we must try to overcome it by
starting to love and protect the environment such as planting trees, cycling, and other
ways. Keep in mind that climate change does not happen suddenly, this event occurs
for various reasons.

What is the cause behind this serious problem?

Climate change globally is caused by the increasing pressure of gas in the

atmosphere. This has happened since the industrial revolution that builds energy
sources derived from coal, petroleum, and gas, which dispose of gases in the
atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and Nitrous oxide
(N2O).

The sun that shines on the earth also produces heat radiation captured by the
atmosphere so that the air is at a comfortable temperature for human life. If then the
atmosphere of the earth crammed with gas, there was a blanket effect like that
happens in greenhouses, namely the release of geothermal heat into the air held by
a gas blanket so that the temperature increases and becomes hot. The more gas
released into the air, the thicker the earth blanket, the warmer the temperature of the
earth.

Human activities such as deforestation, industrial activity, open burning and the use
of motor vehicles have a great impact on the environment and can affect the weather
and climate in a particular area.

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Among the effects of these acts are the occurrence of heat island, haze, thinning of
ozone layer, acid rain, drought and earth-staining as greenhouse effect. It is clearly
visible in a heavily populated area and is an active development for example in the
city of Kuala Lumpur.

a. Green House Effect

In general, the earth has a function of reflecting sunlight in the form of infrared light
into the atmosphere. Then the infrared light will be absorbed (absorption) back by the
gases or substances that exist in the atmosphere, so the state of the earth to stay
warm or hot even at night.

Gases or substances that function to absorb and retain reflections of infrared light
from the earth are called green house gases (green house glasses) because it
seems as if they serve as glass in a greenhouse.

The retention of infrared rays by greenhouse gases, causing an increase in air

temperature on the face of the earth called the green house effect (green house
effect). Rising air temperatures on earth are called global warming (global warming).

Gases that act like greenhouses include carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), gas
or Nitrogen compounds (NO, NH3 and N2O), Sulfur compounds (H2S and SO2),
Ozone (O3) and Clorofluorocarbons (CFCs) .

Among the greenhouse gases, Carbon dioxide (CO2) and Clorofluorocarbons (CFC)
are the most dominant and important gases in contributing to global warming.

Carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere through combustion activity in

industrial machinery fueled by coal, gasoline, kerosene, or diesel, in addition to motor
vehicle fumes as well as the metabolism and respiration of living things.

CFCs are released into the atmosphere through human activities in the form of
refrigerators, air conditioners, or sprayed aerosols, such as perfumes using freon and
halon.

As a result of the large amounts of CO2, CFC, and other greenhouse gases released
into the atmosphere, the temperatures of the earth will rapidly increase, which in turn
will lead to global disruptions and climate change. This is characterized by increased

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melting of ice or snow on both poles of the earth and rising sea levels as a whole,
allowing the flooding of cities along the coast.

b. Ozone Depletion Depletion (Ozone Deplation)

It should be noted that the current ozone layer in the earth's atmosphere is running
low, and this is one of the causes of global climate change. Sunlight that shines on
the earth directly radiated to the earth without filtered first ozone layer (because the
thinning), this is what makes the sun felt very hot. Well this is one cause why the
earth is getting hotter and we feel uncomfortable again on this earth.

The ozone layer is a thin layer that many ounces of ozone gas (O3) contained in the
stratosphere functioning, among others, absorption (absorption) and reflection
(radiation) ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun so that the light that reaches the
surface of the earth is not excessive .

As a result of the increased human activity in various countries in the world, the
existence of the ozone layer becomes increasingly depleted even in some locations,
especially the north and south poles of the earth in the potholes.

Human activities that play a role in the depletion of the ozone layer, including human
activities in the field of industry. Many industries emit CFCs from factory waste in the
form of gas from factories, refrigrators, air conditioners (Air Conditioner), and
aerosols.

To address the issue of climate change leading to global warming, the government
has taken steps in carrying out inventory of greenhouse gases in 2000 to identify
the key causes contributing to greenhouse gases in the country.

The Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (NRE) has prepared and
outlined action to address climate change and its impacts through two approaches:
Mitigation and Adaptation Approach.

The mitigation approach is the steps taken to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases
such as carbon dioxide and methane, while the Adaptation Approach is the steps
taken to mitigate the impact of climate change on humans and the environment.

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Among the programs that include mitigation measures are to increase the supply and
use of alternative fuels such as renewable energy by promoting solid waste use,
promoting energy efficiency in every sector and protecting forest areas through
sustainable forest management.

Adaptation measures include matters such as conducting Coastal Vulnerability Index

(CVI) studies, undertaking coastal-strengthening programs, developing integrated
coastal zone management (Integrated Coastal Zone Management) and implementing
flood control programs such as the Stormwater Management and Road Tunnel
Project ( SMART).

Additionally, public awareness campaigns need to be held to educate the public as

well as the students on measures that can be taken to minimize the emission of
greenhouse gases until there is a global warming problem that could lead to various
natural disasters.

The level of industrial pollution, especially the high estates because of increased
production and the number of processes that have been done by humans has been
the cause of climate change. Various natural causes and human causes are
contributors to drastic weather shifts, global warming, and even solar radiation.

Our planet has the ability to support life. However, within the limits of our
understanding of the term evolution and progress, humans have contributed to a
number of causes of climate change.

In addition to the dominant industrial development factor in lowering the quality of soil
and lake, human action in the agricultural sector is also important in raising the
occurrence of acid rain through the use of sulfuric acid (sulfur-free) application since
1993. It is estimated that between 1/3 and 3/4 rain events acid in countries that are
less dependent on industrial sectors such as Ireland and Norway are due to sulfur
(Mohamad Suhaily, 2002).

The acidic reservoir and distribution system of acidic water can dissolve heavy
metals in this system and increase the concentration of the metal in water supply and
it will affect human health if the water is used as a mineral water source.

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Acid rain can damage paint on buildings and erode structures and sculptures made
of limestone. Very concentrated acid in the lake causes the death of small plants and
aquatic life.

Conclusion, Obviously, it can be seen that human activity is a major influence on

weather and climate. Among these activities are logging, open burning, motor vehicle
use, agricultural activities, manufacturing activities and more.

Negative effects of these activities are urban temperature events, acid rain, drought,
haze and greenhouse effect. Hence, the measures to tackle and control human
actions that will cause the weather in an area to worsen is to impose strict lawsuits to
punish offenders, conduct exhibitions and talks on environmental protection interests.

Finally, the government and the private sector need to limit the emissions of
pollutants into the air in the management and introduce the installation of 'scrubbers'
on the smokes of smoke in factories to filter sulfur dioxide gas.