DRUG NAME
 Assess patient’s previous
1.) Ceftriaxone
Brand name: Rocephin
Therapeutic class: Antibiotics
Pharmacological class: Third-
generation cephalosporins
2.) Phenytoin
Brand name: Dilantin
Therapeutic class:
Anticonvulsants
EFFECTS (NORMAL)
Bactericidal: Inhibits synthesis
of bacterial cell wall causing cell
death.
May stabilize neuronal
membranes and limit seizure
activity either by increasing
efflux or increasing influx of
sodium ion across cell
membrane in the motor cortex
SIDE EFFECT NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
 Pain sensitivity reaction to
 Induration penicillin or other
 Phlebitis cephalosphorins.
 Rash  Assess patient for signs
 Diarrhea and symptoms of
 Thrombocytosis infection before and
 Leucopenia during the treatment
 Glossitis  Obtain C&S before
 Respiratory super beginning drug therapy to
infections identify if correct
treatment has been
initiated.
 Report signs such as
petechiae, ecchymotic
areas,epistaxis or other
forms of unexplained
bleeding.
 Monitor hematologic,
electrolytes, renal and
hepatic function.
 Assess for possible supper
infection: itching fever,
malaise, redness
 CNS: Ataxia, slurred speech,  Observe 10 rights in
dizziness, insomnia, giving medication
nervousness, twitching,  Use cautiously in patients
headache, mental with hepatic dysfunction,
confusion, decreased hypotension, myocardial
coordination. infarction, diabetes or
 CV: pariarteritis nodosa respiratory depression.
 during generation of nerve
Pharmacological class: impulses.
Hydantoin
3.) Paracetamol Reduces fever by acting directly
on the hypothalamic heat-
Therapeutic class: regulating center to cause
Antipyretic vasodilation and sweating,
which helps dissipate heat.
 EENT: Nystagmus, diplopia,
blurred vision
 GI: gingival hyperplasia,
nausea, vomiting,
constipation
 Hematologic:
thrombocytopenia,
leucopenia, megaloblastic
anemia
 Hepatic: toxic hepatitis
 Metabolic: hyperglycemia
 Skin: purpuric dermatitis,
photosensitivity reactions,
necrosis, discoloration of
the skin
 CNS: Headache
 CV: Chest pain,dyspnea,
 Myocardial damage when
doses of 5–8 g/dayare
ingested daily forseveral weeks
orwhen doses of 4g/day are
ingestedfor 1 yr
 GI: Hepatictoxicity
andfailure, jaundice
 GU: Acute kidneyfailure,
renal tubularnecrosis
 Hematologic:
 Methemoglobinemia—
cyanosis;hemolytic
anemia—hematuria,
anuria;neutropenia,leucope
nia, pancytopenia,
Thrombocytopenia
hypoglycemia
 Stop drug if rash appears.
If rash is scarlatiniform or
morbilliform, resume
drug after rash clears. If
rash reappears, stop
therapy.
 Monitor liver function
studies; may cause
hepatic toxicity at
doses>4g/day-
 Monitor renal function
studies; album inindicates
nephritis
 Monitor
bloodstudies,especially
CBCand pro-time if
patient is onlong-
termtherapy.
-
 Check I&O ratio;
decreasing output may
indicate renal failure.-
 Assess for fever and pain-
 Assess hepatotoxicity
:dark urine, clay-colored

Increases osmotic pressure of
4.) Mannitol plasma in glomerular filtrate,
inhibiting tubular reabsorption
Brand name: Osmitrol,Resectisol of water and electrolytes
(including sodium and
Therapeutic class: potassium). These actions
Osmotic0Diuretic enhance water flow from
various tissues and ultimately
decrease intracranial and
intraocular pressure.
 Hypersensitivity: Rash, stools
fever  Assess allergic reactions:
rash, urticaria
 CSN: dizziness, headache,  Take vital signs
seizures Intake and output
 CV: chest pain, Central nervous pressure
hypotension, hypertension, Pulmonary artery pressure
tachycardia,  Check for Signs and
thrombopheblitis,vascular symptoms of dehydration
overload (e.g. poor skin turgor, dry
 EENT: blurred vision, skin, fever)
rhinitis Signs of electrolyte
 GI: nausea, vomiting, imbalance (e.g. muscular
diarrhea, dry mouth weakness, paresthesia,
 Metabolic: dehydration, numbness etc.)
hypovolemia, hypokalemia, (for increase ICP)
metabolic acidosis neurologic status and
intracranial pressure
readings
(for increase IOP)
Elevating eye pain or
decreased visual acuity