Perhitungan Tanggal 22 Agustus 2018

Flue Gas
Beban GTG: 10, 8
MW (H2)
Fuel Gas Steam
gas
from WHB P: 42, 75
GTG kg/cm2
GTG
NG NTG T: 408.25 0C
(H1) 5146, M: 1678, 17
89 ton
MMBTU

LS
NG from GTG (H4) Flash
0 BFW Drum T: 1500 C
T: 35 C
T: 102 0C P: 5, 8667
P: 26, 5 kg/cm
kg/cm2
P: 42, 75 kg/cm2
M: 2548, 39 MMBTU
M: 1698, 1 ton
T: 1500C

1. Menghitung Panas Sisa dari GTG(ΔH3)

a. Natural Gas Masuk GTG ( H1) = 5146, 89 MMBTU

b. Beban Pengeluaran GTG = 10,8 MW x 3,412141 MMBTU/MW

= 36, 8511 MMBTU

c. Flue Gas From GTG = ( H1 – H2)

= (5146, 891 – 36, 8511) MMBTU
= 5110, 0389 MMBTU
 2. Menghitung Panas Dari Natural Gas
Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh pada Tanggal 22 Agustus 2018
Flow gas masuk = 2548, 39 MMBTU

3. A. Menghitung Panas Sensible Boiler Feed Water (ΔH5)

Massa BFW = 1698, 1 ton
= 1698100 kg  94338, 8888 kmol

T1 = 250C  298 K
T2 = 1020C  375 K

Cp = A + BT + CT2 + DT3

Tabel 36. Kapasistas Panas Air Fase Cair

A B C D
92,053 -3,9953x10-2 -2,1103x10-4 5,3469x10-7
Sumber: Coker A.K. Ludwig's Applied Process Design for Chemical and
Petrochemical Plants vol.1

375
H = n ∫298 Cp dT
375
H = 94338, 8888 kmol ∫298 {92,053 − 3,9953x10−2 − 2,1103x10−4 +
5,3469x10−7 }
3,9953x10−2
= 94338, 8888 kmol {(92,053(375-298)) - ( (3752-2982)) –
2
2,1103x10−4
( 3
5,3469x10−7
(3753-2983) + ( (3754-2984))}
4

= 94338, 8888 kmol {7088,081 – 1035,2022 – 1847,9744 + 1589,2644}

(kJ/kmol)
= 94338, 8888 kmol ( 5794,1688kJ/kmol)
= 546615446, 1 kJ (9,478x10-7 MMBTU/kJ)
H = 518, 0821 MMBTU
 B .Panas Laten BFW
Massa BFW = 1698,1 ton = 1698100 kg
P = 42, 75 kg/cm2
Dengan cara interpolasi didapatkan nilai hfg = 1778,8888 kJ/Kg
H = massa (steam) x hfg
= 1698100 Kg (1778,8888 kJ/Kg)
= 3020731071 kJ (9,478x10-7 MMBTU/kJ)
H = 2863, 0489 MMBTU/hr

C. Panas Sensibel Vapor BFW

T1 = 1000C = 373 K
T2 = 1020C = 375 K
102 C
H= n ∫100 C Cp dT
375 C
H= 94338, 8888 kmol ∫373 C {92,053 − 3,9953x10−2 − 2,1103x10−4 +
5,3469x10−7 }
3,9953x10−2 2,1103x10−4
= 94338, 8888 kmol {(92,053(375-373)) - ( (3752-3732)) – (
2 3
5,3469x10−7
(3753-3733) + ( (3754-3734))}
4

= 94338, 8888 kmol {184,106- 29,8848-59,0362+55,9435} (kJ/kmol)

= 94338, 8888 kmol (151,1285 kJ/kmol)
= 14257294, 76 kJ (9,478x10-7 MMBTU/kJ)
= 13, 5130 MMBTU

∆H6 = Hsen steam + HL steam + Hsen vapor

= (518, 0821 + 2863, 0489 + 13, 5130) MMBTU
= 3394, 644 MMBTU
 4 Menghitung Enthalpy Steam (∆H6)
Massa Steam = 1678, 17 ton/day
= 1678170 kg/day = 93231, 6667 kmol
Tabel . Kapasistas Panas Air Fase Uap
A B C D
33,933 -8,4186x10-3 2,9906x10-5 -1,7825x10-8
Sumber: Coker A.K. Ludwig's Applied Process Design for Chemical and
Petrochemical Plants vol.1

a. Panas Sensibel Steam

T1 = 102oC = 375 K
T1 = 253oC = 526 K
235 C
H = n ∫102 C Cp dT
235 C
H = 93231, 6667 kmol ∫102 C {33,933 − 8,4186x10−3 + 2,9906x10−5 −
1,7825x10−8 }
8,4186x10−3
= 93231, 6667 kmol {(33,933(526-375)) - ( (5262-3752)) +
2
2,9906x10−5 1,7825x10−8
( (5263-3753) - ( (5264-3754))}
3 4

= 93231, 6667 kmol {5123,883 – 572,6794 + 925,0643 – 253,0001}

(kJ/kmol)
= 93231, 6667 kmol (5223,2678 kJ/kmol)
= 486973962, 6 kJ (9,478x10-7 MMBTU/kJ)
H = 461, 5539 MMBTU/day
b. Panas laten Steam
Massa steam = 1678170 ton 93231, 6667 kg = 93231, 6667 kmol
P = 42, 75 kg/cm2 = 41, 93 bar  42 bar
Dengan cara interpolasi didapatkan nilai hfg = 1778,8888 kJ/Kg
H = massa steam x hfg
= 1678170 kg x 1778, 8888 kJ/Kg
= 2985277817 kJ x 9,478x10-7 MMBTU/kJ
H = 2829, 4463 MMBTU

c. Panas Sensibel Steam Superheated

T1 = 2530C = 526 K
T2 = 4080C = 681 K
681 C
H = n ∫526 C Cp dT
681 C
H = 93231, 6667 kmol ∫526 C {92,053 − 3,995x10−2 − 2,1103x10−4 +
5,3469x10−7 }
3,9953x10−2
= 93231, 6667 kmol {(92,053(681- 526)) - ( (6812-5262)) +
2
2,1103x10−4 5,3469x10−7
( ) (6813-5263) + ( (6814-5264))}
3 4

= 93231, 6667 kmol {14268,215 – 3737,3035 + 11978,7426 + 18516,9371}

(kJ/kmol)
=93231, 6667 kmol (41026,5912 kJ/kmol)
= 3824977477 kJ (9,478x10-7 MMBTU/kJ)
H = 3625, 3136 MMBTU/hr

∆H6 = Hsen steam + HL steam + Hsen vapor

= (461, 5538 + 2829, 4463 + 3625, 3136) MMBTU
= 6916, 3138 MMBTU
 5. Menghitung Flue Gas keluar dari Waste Heat Boiler 3003-U (∆H7)
Data Hasil Pengukuran Gas Masuk Boiler:
H Natural Gas = 2405, 66 MMBTU/hr X 1.000.000
= 2.405.660.000 BTU/hr
Flow Natural Gas = Q natural gas / GHV
= 2.405.660.000 BTU / 1037, 7128 BTU/ft3
= 2.318.232, 945 ft3 x 28, 32 L/ ft3
= 65.652.356, 99 L / 22, 4 L/mol
= 2.930.908, 794 mol
= 2930, 9087 kmol

Tabel 38. Komposisi Gas Alam Tanggal 20 Agustus 2018

Kosmposisi % BM Bm Komponen
n (kmol) Massa (kg)
Gas Alam vol (kg/kmol) (kg/kmol)
CH4 84,95 16,04 13,6259 2489,8069 39936, 5033
C2H6 6,06 30,07 1,8222 177,6130 5340,8249
C3H8 1,37 44,09 0,6040 31,1534 1370,3655
Iso-C4H10 0,24 58,12 0,1394 7,0341 408,8265
n-C4H10 0,28 58,12 0,1627 8,2065 476,9643
Iso-C5H12 0,11 72,15 0,0793 3,2239 232,6115
n-C5H12 0,34 72,15 0.2453 9,9650 718,9812
C6H14 plus 0,07 86,17 0,0603 2,0516 776,7894
N2 1,09 28,01 0,3053 31,9469 894,8328
CO2 5,49 44,01 2,4161 160,9068 7081,5121
total 100 19,3669 2930,9087 57038,2119
Sehingga stokiometri reaksi yang terjadi dalam satuan kmol:

CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O

M 2489, 8069 - - -
R 2489, 8069 4979, 6138 2489, 8069 4979, 6138
S 0 4979, 6138 2489, 8069 4979, 6138
 Dengan cara yang sama, maka didapatkan nilai dari masing-masing persamaan
stokiometri seperti tabel 39 berikut :

Tabel 39. Persamaan Stokiometri Reaksi Natural Gas Tanggal 20 Agustus 2018
Komposisi Kebutuhan CO2 H2 O
n (kmol)
Gas Alam O2 teoritis (kmol) (kmol)
CH4 2489,8069 4979,6138 2489,8069 4979,6138
C2H6 177,6130 621,6455 355,226 532,839
C3H8 31,1534 200,767 120,4602 160,6136
Iso-C4H10 7,0341 45,7216 28,1364 35,1705
n-C4H10 8,2065 53,3422 32,826 41,0325
Iso-C5H12 3,2239 25,7912 16,1195 19,3434
n-C5H12 9,9650 79,72 49,825 59,79
C6H14 plus 2,0561 19,4902 12,3096 14,3612
Total 2738,0544 6026,0917 3104,7096 5842,764

Maka dari data stokiometri natural gas diperoleh sebagai berikut:

n O2 teoritis : 6026,0917 kmol
n CO2 teoritis : 3104,7096 kmol
n H2O teoritis : 5842,764 kmol

Komposisi Flue Gas keluar pada alat Waste Heat Boiler 3003U sebagai berikut:
CO2 = 4,50 %
O2 = 12,85 %
CO =0
a. Udara Pembakaran dan Flue Gas
O2 disuplai−O2 teoritis O2 excess
=
Total Mol Exhaust 100
O2 disuplai− 391,8869 12,85
=
14973,5651 100

= 1924, 1031 kmol + 6026, 0915 kmol

= 7950, 1946 kmol
= 7950, 1946 kmol x 32 kg/kmol
= 8140999, 27 kg
100
Udara kering yang disuplai = 7950, 1946 kmol
21

= 37858, 0695 kmol

kg
= 37858, 0695 kmol x 28.84 kmol

= 1091826, 725 kg

N2 dari udara = Udara kering disuplai − O2 disuplai

= 37858, 0695 kmol − 7950, 1946 kmol
= 29907, 8749 kmol x 28.01 kg/kmol
= 837719, 5759 kg
O2 flue gas = O2 disuplai − O2 teoritis
= 7950,1946 kmol − 6026, 0915 kmol
= 1924, 1031 kmol x 32 kg/kmol
= 61571, 2992 kg

N2 Flue gas = N2 dari udara

= 29907, 8749 kmol x 28.01 kg/kmol
= 61571, 2992 kg

H2O dari udara = H x udara kering

= 0.022 x 37858, 0695 kmol
= 832, 8775 kmol x 18 kg/kmol
= 14991, 795 kg
Tabel 40. Neraca Massa Komponen Gas Alam, Udara dan Flue Gas
Komposisi Gas Input Output
Alam n (kmol) Massa (kg) n (kmol) Massa (kg)
CH4 2489,8069 39936,5033
C2H6 177,6130 5340,8249
C3H8 31,1534 1370,3655
Iso-C4H10 7,0341 408,8265
n-C4H10 8,2065 476,9643
Iso-C5H12 3,2239 232,6115
n-C5H12 9,9650 718,9812
C6H14 plus 2,0516 176,7894
N2 31,9469 894,8328
CO2 160,9068 7081,5121
Udara
O2 7950, 1946 190999,27
N2 29907,8749 837719,5759
H2O 832,8775 4991,795
Flue Gas
O2 1924,1031 61571,2992
N2 29907,8749 837719,5759
H2O 6675,6415 120116,547
CO2 3104,7096 136638,2695
CO 0 0
Total 41612,8551 1431.177,86 51200,0984 1101045,692
 Flue Gas n (kmol) Cp (kj/kmol K) ∆T (K) H (KJ)
O2 1724,1031 43,04871 196 16234710,65
N2 29907,8749 21,20103 196 124279239,6
H2O 6675,6415 32,27720 196 42232319,1
CO2 3104,7096 37,07235 19622559380,66
CO 0 26,79901 196 0
Total 205305650
MMbtu 9.48E-07 194,5886

6. Menghitung Blowdown (∆𝐇8)

Massa Blowdown = Massa BFW - Massa Steam
= 1698100 kg - 167817 kg
= 1530283 kg

Tblowdown = 1500C
Hf = 632,2 kj/kg
= m. Hf
= 1530283 kg x632,2 kj/kg
= 967449912,6 kj x 9,478 x 10-7 MMBTU /kj
= 916,9442 MMBTU
a. Lost Blowdown
T = 1500C = 423 K
Tref = 25oC = 298 K
Massa Lost Blowdown = 1530283 kg/ 18kg/kmol = 85015, 72222 kmol
102 C
H = n ∫25 C Cp dT
423
H =85015,72222kmol ∫298 {92,053 − 3,9953x10−2 − 2,1103x10−4 5,3469x10−7 }
3,9953x10−2 2,1103x10−4
=85015,72222 kmol{(92,053(423-298)) - ( (4232-2982)) –(
2 3

5,3469x10−7
(4233-2983) + ( (4234-2984))}
4

= 85015, 72222 kmol {11506,625 – 1800,3820 – 3462,53 + 4300,5894}

(kJ/kmol)
 = 85015, 72222 kmol (10544,3024 kJ/kmol)
= 896431483, 9 kJ (9,478x10-7 MMBTU/kJ)
H = 849, 6377 MMBTU/hr

Tabel . Neraca Panas Aktual Tanggal 20 Agustus 2018

Tabel Neraca Panas Input ( MMBTU/day) Output (MMBTU/day)
Actual
Beban Pengeluaran GTG 5110,0389
Panas Masuk WHB 2548, 39
Enthalphi BFW 3394,644
Enthalpi Steam 6916, 3138
Flue Gas 194,5886
Blowdown 916, 9442
Lost Blowdown 849,6377
Heat Absorb of system 2175,7886
Total 11053,0729 11053,0729

7. Menghitung Efisiensi Waste Heat Boiler 3003-U

Q yang di serap membentuk steam
𝜂= 𝑥 100 %
Q masuk pembakaran
Q steam
𝜂= x 100 %
Q input
6916,3138
𝜂= 𝑋 100 %
11053,0729
𝜂 = 62,57 %