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1.1.1 LOFD-001008 Ultra High Speed Mobility

Availability
This feature is
 applicable to Macro from eRAN1.0
 not applicable to Micro
 not applicable to Lampsite

Summary
Huawei eNodeB can support the mobility up to 450 km/h at higher frequency in LoS (Line of
Sight) scenario with good performance.

Benefits
High speed access is one of the key differentiators for Huawei SingleRAN LTE solution to
provide high speed coverage. This feature brings the following benefits:
 Allows Huawei LTE system to be deployed in any high speed scenario and supports UEs
at a speed of up to 450km/h at higher frequency.
 Provides a seamless user experience in a high speed scenario.

Description
In addition to the availability of speed in High Speed Mobility feature, this feature allows
Huawei LTE system to support UEs with almost any mobility profile at up to 450 km/h in
scenario with LoS path (e.g., Rician) and deliver good performance. For example, a UE on a
high-speed train could reach up to 450 km/h.
The higher the velocity that the UE experiences, the severer the effect of Doppler shift and
fast fading that the system suffers. In Huawei RRM solution, the MIMO scheme and resource
allocation mechanism is adaptively adjusted to meet the ultra high speed performance
requirement.

Enhancement
 In eRAN2.0
450km/h is supported.

Dependency
None

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1.2 Coverage Enhancement

1.2.1 LOFD-001009 Extended Cell Access Radius
Availability
This feature is
 applicable to Macro from eRAN2.0
 not applicable to Micro
 not applicable to Lampsite

Summary
To improve wireless network coverage, 3GPP TS36.211 has defined four types of preamble
formats (0 - 3) for frame structure type 1. For format 0, it corresponds to small cell access
radius, for format 1, 2 and 3, they correspond to extended cell access radius.

Benefits
This feature is used in large cell scenario to extend the cell access radius.

Description
This feature provides operator with support of extended cell radius. According to the 3GPP
TS36.211, there are four types of preamble format (0-3) for PRACH are defined to support
different cell access radius, shown in Figure below.

Figure 1-1 Preamble formats and cell access radius

For format 0, the supported cell access radius is about 15 km, it is used in small cell scenario,
and considered as basic cell radius. The extended cell radius consists of format 1, 2 and 3. For
format 3, the supported cell access radius is about 100 km, which is used in the large cell
scenario to enhance the system coverage.

Enhancement
None
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Dependency
None

1.2.2 LOFD-001031 Extended CP

Availability
This feature is
 applicable to Macro from eRAN2.0
 not applicable to Micro
 not applicable to Lampsite

Summary
The Cyclic Prefix (CP) is the guard interval used in the OFDM to decrease the interference
caused by the multi-path delay. The 3GPP TS36.211 supports two types of CP length, namely
normal CP and extended CP.

Benefits
The normal CP and the extended CP are used in different cell scenarios. In case of small
multi-path delay scenario, normal CP can achieve better system performance. In case of large
multi-path delay scenario, extended CP can achieve better system performance.

Description
For both downlink and uplink, the extended CP is calculated as follows:
Extended cyclic prefix: TCP = 512*Ts
Where Ts = 1 / (2048*f), f = 15 kHz
For normal CP there are 7 symbols available in one slot. While for extended CP there are 6
symbols available in one slot. The extended CP increases overhead in exchange for larger
multi-path capability.
The CP length is set in the network planning phase according to the system application
scenario.

Enhancement
None

Dependency
 UE
UEs should support the extended CP length as the eNodeB.

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2 Networking & Transmission &

Security

About This Chapter

3.1 Transmission & Synchronization
3.2 IPv6
3.3 Security
3.4 Reliability
3.5 Site Architecture

2.1 Transmission & Synchronization

2.1.1 LOFD-003002 2G/3G and LTE Co-transmission
Availability
This feature is
 applicable to Macro from eRAN1.0
 not applicable to Micro
 applicable to Lampsite from eRAN6.0

Summary
2G/3G and LTE co-transmission provides the operators the possibility of LTE co-
transmission with legacy networks such as GSM, UMTS, or CDMA for better
resources utilization and OPEX reduction.

Benefits
In a co-site scenario:

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 Better utilization of transmission resources is achieved.

 OPEX (rental fees of the transmission resources) is reduced.

Description
The eNodeB supports co-transmission with other 2G/3G base stations.
During eNodeB site deployment, it is possible that an eNodeB shares a site with a base
station of different technologies such as GSM, UMTS, or CDMA. In this case, co-
transmission facilitates better utilization of transmission resources and reduces the
OPEX (rental fees of the transmission resources).
The following figure shows the 2G/3G and LTE co-transmission

Figure 2-1 2G/3G and LTE co-transmission

The implementation of the co-transmission function depends on four sub functions:

multiple ports, IP route, DHCP relay, and Weighted Round Robin (WRR) scheduling.
They are described as follows:
 Multiple ports: eNodeB supports several Ethernet and E1/T1 interfaces.
 IP route: The data of the cascaded base station is switched to IP network by the IP
route function in the eNodeB. IP routes can be configured by users.
 DHCP relay: In general, a cascaded base station obtains the IP address by the
DHCP function. With the DHCP function, the DHCP client, that is the base
station, and the DHCP server are required to be located in the same broadcast
domain. In the co-transmission scenario, however, the cascaded base station is
not located in the same broadcast domain as the DHCP server. DHCP relay
provides a means to transfer DHCP messages between different broadcast
domains.
 WRR scheduling: It ensures fairness between the cascaded base station and the
eNodeB for the data transport. Data are scheduled on the basis of the weight
computed according to the traffic bandwidth. Each base station and eNodeB has a
weight and then has a chance to be scheduled.

Enhancement
None

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Dependency
 Others
2G/3G should support IP transmission.

2.1.2 LOFD-003011 Enhanced Transmission QoS Management

2.1.2.1 LOFD-00301101 Transport Overbooking

Availability
This feature is
 applicable to Macro from eRAN1.0
 applicable to Micro form eRAN3.0
 applicable to Lampsite from eRAN6.0

Summary
The transmission overbooking allows admission of more users with the guarantee of
certain quality with the enhanced admission control mechanism (TAC: Transport
Admission Control) and QoS mechanism (traffic shaping and congestion control).

Benefits
This feature allows admission of more users with the guarantee of certain traffic
quality.

Description
The transmission overbooking mechanism allows admission of more users with the
guarantee of certain traffic quality.
The implementation of this function depends on the sub-functions TAC, traffic
shaping, and congestion control.
 TAC: It allows the bandwidth for user admission control to be larger than the
bandwidth of the physical port. That is, operators can set the admission threshold
to allow admission of more users.
 Traffic shaping: It guarantees that the total available traffic bandwidth is not
larger than the total configured bandwidth. The minimum transport bandwidth of
each resource group supported by eNodeB is 64kps for dual rate and 32kps for
single rate The bandwidth granularity is 1kbps.
 Congestion control: It detects congestion. If congestion occurs, two steps would
be taken. First, a signal is sent to the data source to indicate the congestion.
Second, some low-priority packets are discarded.

Enhancement
None

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Dependency
None

2.1.2.2 LOFD-00301102 Transport Differentiated Flow Control

Availability
This feature is
 applicable to Macro from eRAN1.0
 applicable to Micro form eRAN3.0
 applicable to Lampsite from eRAN6.0

Summary
Transmission Differentiated Flow Control enhances the admission control mechanism
(TAC: Transport Admission Control) ,Queue scheduling (Priority Queue-PQ
scheduling and Weighted Round Robin-WRR scheduling) and back-pressure flow
control to provide users with differentiated services while guaranteeing fairness.

Benefits
This feature provides users with differentiated services while guaranteeing fairness.

Description
Transmission Differentiated Flow Control provides users with differentiated services
while guaranteeing fairness.
 Fairness: Each admission user should be allocated some bandwidth to avoid
hungry phenomenon.
 Differentiation: High-priority users take precedence over low-priority ones.
The implementation of this function depends on the sub-functions TAC , Queue
scheduling and back-pressure flow control.
 TAC: If the GBR requirement exists, the transport bandwidth is computed on the
basis of the GBR; otherwise, it is computed on the basis of the default reserved
bandwidth of, for example, non-GBR services.
 Queue scheduling: services enter to PQ and WRR queues based on service
priority. Services that entered the PQ queues have the highest priority to be
scheduled, Services that entered the WRR queues are scheduled on the basis of
the weight computed according to the traffic bandwidth. Each service has a
weight and then has a chance to be scheduled.
 Back-pressure flow control: It detects congestion S1 overhead . If congestion
occurs, two steps would be taken. First, a signal is sent to the data source to
indicate the congestion. Second, some low-priority packets are discarded.

Enhancement
None

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Dependency
None

2.1.2.3 LOFD-00301103 Transport Resource Overload Control

Availability
This feature is
 applicable to Macro from eRAN1.0
 applicable to Micro form eRAN3.0
 applicable to Lampsite from eRAN6.0

Summary
Transmission Resource Overload Control is a way to rapidly enhance the transmission
stability when overloaded happen unexpectedly.

Benefit
This feature provides protection for the system when transmission resources are
overloaded unexpectedly

Description
Transmission Resource Overload Control provides protection for the system when
transmission resources are overloaded unexpectedly.
There are two scenarios of the unexpected overload:
 A great bandwidth change of transport bearer (the bandwidth available in the
system) occurs. For example, the transmission bandwidth decreases from 20 Mb/s
to 10 Mb/s because of network failure.
 A great bandwidth change of service traffic (the bandwidth used in the system)
occurs. For example, the traffic bandwidth increases from 5 Mb/s to 10 Mb/s
rapidly.
When the above-mentioned scenarios happen, it is necessary to take some extreme
actions such as releasing low-priority users to guarantee high-priority users'QoS.
The strategy depends on QoS parameter Allocation and Retention Priority (ARP). ARP
defines whether user could be released during overload or not.

Enhancement
None

Dependency
None

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2.1.3 LOFD-070219 IP Active Performance Measurement

Availability
This feature is
 applicable to Macro from eRAN7.0
 applicable to Micro from eRAN7.0
 applicable to LampSite from eRAN7.0

Summary
IP performance monitoring (IPPM) introduced by the Internet Engineering Task Force
(IETF) boosts IP transpor

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