SECTION 02668 - WATER MAIN

1.0 GENERAL

1.1 Description
1.1.1 Provide all labor, materials, equipment and services necessary and incidental to the complete
installation of all Water Mains and water service lines to within five (5) feet of the building,
as shown on the Drawings and specified herein.
1.1.2 Work includes, but is not limited to:

A. Excavation, bedding, and backfill for all water mains.

B. Installation of water main by means of horizontal directional drilling (under separate
specifications)
C. Complete installation of all water main, hydrants, gate valves and wells, including all
related fittings, joints, valves, frames, covers and steps.

1.1.3 Related Work:

Section 02000 - General Information / Site Construction

Section 02070 - Selective Demolition

Section 02200 - Earthwork and Site Grading

Section 02302 - Horizontal Directional Drilling

1.2 Definitions
1.2.1 ANSI - American National Standards Institute, Inc.
1.2.2 AWWA – American Water Works Association.
1.2.3 EJIW – East Jordan Iron Works.

1.3 Submittals
1.3.1 Product data: Submit the following as part of the Pre-Construction Submittal Package.

A. Materials list for items proposed to be provided under this Section.

B. Certificates signed by the material producers, stating that the materials meet or
exceed the specified requirements.

1.3.2 Material samples: If required, submit adequate and representative samples of the Portland
cement concrete to the Testing Consultant for pre-construction tests.

1.4 Quality Assurance

1.4.1 The Owner may retain the services of an Engineer to observe Water Main installation and
verify compliance with the Plans and Specifications. The Contractor shall cooperate with the
Engineer to facilitate the testing in a safe and timely manner.

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1.5 Job Conditions
1.5.1 All required excavation and trenching Work shall be based upon "unclassified" soil material
and the Contractor shall assume sole responsibility for the completion of the Work herein
regardless of the nature of materials encountered during the course of the Work. The Owner
will not be liable for any costs whatsoever associated with, but not limited to, the presence of
rock, peat, subterranean streams or other difficult or unanticipated sub-surface phenomena.
1.5.2 Coordinate operations with other Work on-site. Provide for smooth and orderly progression
of the Work.
1.5.3 Provide the services of an Engineer or Surveyor to establish lines, levels, grades,
benchmarks and measurements required to lay out the Work. Contractor shall be responsible
for the Work, and its conformance to the Drawings.

A. All stakes, batter boards, and reference points are to be maintained true to line and
level through the completion of the project.
B. Any stake becoming misaligned is to be checked and reset before proceeding with
the Work.

1.5.4 Restore damaged public facilities promptly. Notify Utility Owners immediately of any
damage. Restoration and repair shall conform to requirements of the Utility Owner or
governmental agency.
1.5.5 Natural features that are not subject to changes by reason of the Drawings and Specifications
shall not be defaced or marked in any manner.

1.6 Method of Measurement

1.6.1 Determine, by field measurements, the lineal feet of water main and appurtenances
completed and accepted.
1.6.2 Determine, by field enumeration, the number of gate valves and wells, valve boxes, hydrants,
connections to existing water main, and reconnections of existing water services per each
type.

1.7 Basis of payment

1.7.1 Payment will be made under:
Item 2668.1 - 8” CL 54 Ductile Iron Water Main – per lineal foot
Item 2302.1 - 8” CL 54 Ductile Iron Water Main placed by HDD – per lineal foot
Item 2668.2 - 8” Gate Valve and Well - per each
Item 2668.3 - Fire Hydrant Assembly - per each
Item 2668.4 - Connection to Existing WM with Cut-in Tee - per each
Item 2668.5 - Connection to Existing WM with Bends & Fittings - per each
Item 2668.6 - Remove Existing Tee and Repair Existing Water Main - per each
Item 2668.7 - Water Service Transfers (3/4” and 1”) – per each

2.0 PRODUCTS

2.1 Materials
2.1.1 Pipe bedding, unless otherwise indicated, shall be porous backfill meeting MDOT Class II
granular material.

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 A. Where ground is found to be unsuitable to support pipe, provide a cradle of 2500 psi
concrete, the full width of the trench, with two No. 4 reinforcing bars continuously
along the bottom of the pipe.

2.1.2 Backfill, unless otherwise noted, shall be coarse sand, fine gravel or earth having a low
plasticity index, free of rocks, debris and other foreign materials and defined as all passing
through a 3/8" sieve and not more than ten percent (10%) by volume passing through a 200
mesh sieve.
2.1.3 Water main piping and fittings shall be of the size and type indicated on the Drawings and
shall be manufactured in the USA, unless otherwise noted, and conform to the following:

A. Ductile iron pipe, ANSI A21.50 with cement mortar lining, ANSI 21.40 standard
thickness.
B. Joints shall be as called for on the plan.
1. Standard joint shall be push-on type, ANSI A21.11 such as "Tyton" or “Super
Bell-Tite".
a. Install 2 serrated brass wedges per joint for pipes 12-inch diameter or
less. Use 4 wedges per joint for larger pipes.
2. Mechanical joints, ANSI A21.11 with Core Blue bolts and Meg-a-lug retaining
glands. All mechanical joints shall be encased in 8mil polyethylene ANSI
A21.5, sealed at the ends.
3. Flanged joints, ANSI S-16.1, 125 lb. rating for pipe 24-inch diameter or less. Use
ANSI B-16.1 250 lb. rating for larger pipes.
4. Ductile iron fittings, ANSI A21.10.
5. If the pipe is to be installed by horizontal directional drilling, the pipe and joints
shall be as specified in Section 2302.
C. Fire hydrants shall be E.J.I.W. Model 5BR – 250 with a minimum 5 foot depth of
bury. Contractor shall verify number and size of hose connections, thread sizes,
direction of opening, and color as required per the Standard Water Main Details.
D. Gate valves shall be E.J.I.W. Flow Master Resilient Wedge Valve; turn clockwise to
open or as required by Detroit Water & Sewerage Department standards.
E. Connections for service taps shall be 3/4” or larger brass flared corporation stops by
Mueller or approved equal. Water service work shall be in accordance with the
Standard Details including the use of only type “K” copper and Mueller flared
fittings.

2.1.4 Gate wells shall be of the size and type indicated on the Drawings and shall be constructed of
the following:

A. Reinforced pre-cast concrete sections including concentric or eccentric cones and

grade ring shall be 4000 psi concrete and conform to A3TM C-478.
B. Brick shall be sound, hard-burned throughout and of uniform size and quality and
shall be in accordance with ASTM C-32, Grade MS.
C. Concrete masonry shall be solid pre-cast segmental concrete masonry units
conforming to ASTM C-90.

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2.1.5 Iron castings shall conform to ASTM A-48, Class 30. Bearing surfaces between cast iron
frames, covers and grates shall be machined, fitted together and match-marked to prevent
rocking.

A. Castings shall be manufactured by East Jordan Iron Works, Inc., and conform to the
standards required in the current Water Main Details.

B. Gate well steps for brick or concrete masonry structures shall be cast iron asphalt
coated, Neenah Foundry Company "R-1980-E" or approved equal.

2.2 Concrete and Mortar

2.2.1 Concrete, unless otherwise noted, shall have compressive strength after 28 days of 3000 psi
minimum, with a 3" maximum slump.

A. Portland cement shall be a standard brand of Portland cement conforming to ASTM

C-150, Type I or IA.
B. Fine and coarse aggregates for concrete shall be per ASTM C-33.
C. Aggregate for cement mortar shall be clean, sharp sand conforming to ASTM C-144.
D. Hydrated lime shall comply with ASTM C-207, Type S.
E. Water shall be clean and free from deleterious materials.
F. Reinforcing steel for concrete shall be intermediate-grade new billet steel
conforming to ASTM A-615, Grade 40.
G. Concrete, where exposed to the weather, shall be air-entrained. Air entrainment shall
be accomplished by the use of additives conforming to ASTM C-260. Air content
shall be 6% ± 1%. Additive shall be used strictly in accordance with Manufacturer's
printed directions.
H. Ready-Mix Concrete shall conform to the requirements of ASTM C-94.

2.2.2 Mortar shall be as specified hereinafter. Use method of mixing mortar at job so that specified
proportions of mortar materials can be controlled and accurately maintained during Work
progress. Mortar shall not be mixed in greater quantities than required for immediate use.
Use amount of water consistent with satisfactory workability. Re-tempering of mortar is not
permitted.

A. Mortar for laying brick or concrete masonry units shall conform to ASTM C-270,
Type M, with an average compressive strength of 2500 psi at 28 days. Mortar mix
shall be proportioned by volume.
B. Mortar for plastering shall consist of 1 part Portland cement and 2-1/2 parts sand.

3.0 EXECUTION

3.1 Excavation
3.1.1 Perform all excavating and trenching of whatever substances encountered to dimensions and
elevations indicated on Drawings and specified for water main piping and structures and
related Work. This shall include exposing existing utilities in advance whenever necessary to

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 insure proper clearances and/or alignment.

A. The maximum width of trench at top of pipe shall be as follows:

Pipe Diameter Trench Width

Through 12".... 36"
15" Through 36" O.D. Plus 24"
42" Through 60" O.D. Plus 30"
66" and Larger. O.D. Plus 36"

B. Open no more trench in advance of pipe laying than is necessary to expedite the
Work.
C. Care shall be taken not to excavate below the depths indicated on Drawings. Where
excessive or unauthorized excavation takes place, the overdepth shall be backfilled to
the proper grade with compacted bedding material, at no expense to the Owner.
D. Where unstable soil is encountered, Contractor shall not place pipe until a solid bed
has been provided.
E. Excavation for structures shall extend a sufficient distance from walls and footings
to allow for forms, construction of walls, connections and for inspection.
F. Where required for placement of the water main, any abandoned utility shall be
removed, as needed, and properly disposed of incidental to the cost of the water
main, unless otherwise noted.

3.1.2 Provide required timber sheeting, bracing and shoring to protect sides of excavation. Do not
brace sheeting against pipe. Provide staging and suitable ladders where required.
3.1.3 During excavation, material suitable for backfilling shall be piled in an orderly manner at
sufficient distance from the banks of trenches to avoid overloading, and to prevent slides or
cave-ins. Excavated material shall be piled on one side of the trenches in such a manner as
to keep surface drainage of adjoining areas unobstructed.
3.1.4 Excavated material not required or unsuitable for backfill shall be removed from the job Site
and disposed of legally, at no expense to the Owner.
3.1.5 When wet excavation is encountered, the trench shall be de-watered and kept free of water
until the pipe has been laid and backfilled to a point at least 1 foot above top of pipe.

A. Provide adequate pumps, well points, hose, strainers and other appurtenances required,
including all power, labor and maintenance.
B. See also Section 02200, paragraph 3.2.1.

3.2 Water Main

3.2.1 Water main shall be installed in the proposed locations and of the sizes indicated on Drawings.
Whenever necessary the Contractor shall sufficiently expose the existing water main to ensure
proper alignment.
3.2.2 Before being lowered into the trench, all pipe sections shall be inspected for defects and tapped
with a light hammer to detect cracks. Defective, damaged or unsound pipe will be rejected and
removed from the Site.
3.2.3 When trench has been excavated to required depth, the bottom shall be tested to determine its’

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 suitability for pipe support. If trench bottom is not found suitable, the sub-grade shall be
undercut and stabilized with crushed aggregate with the consent of the Engineer, otherwise the
Contractor shall provide concrete cradle support as specified under section 2.1.1.A.
3.2.4 When laying pipe, embed it firmly to required line and grade with bell end up-grade. Fit ends
together; excavate bell holes so that the water main will have smooth and uniform invert
throughout its length.

A. Ductile iron pipe shall be placed in a flat-bottom trench on a minimum of 4" of bedding
material.
B. Water main crossing within 18" vertical clearance of another utility shall be made
without placing point loads on either pipe. Construct saddles, or place protective
concrete cap to prevent damage.

3.2.5 As pipe laying progresses, clear pipe interior of dirt, joint compound or other superfluous
materials. During Work stoppage periods, provide effective plugs or covers for open ends of
pipe to prevent foreign matter from entering.

A. Clean joint contact surfaces immediately prior to jointing. Use lubricants, primers or
adhesives as recommended by joint manufacturer.

3.2.6 Cutting of pipe shall be done in a neat and workmanlike manner without damage to pipe.
Cutting shall be done by means of an approved type of mechanical cutter. Wheel type cutters
shall be used when practical. Stubs less than 3 lineal feet in length will be permitted only with
the consent of the Engineer.
3.2.7 Unless otherwise noted all connections to existing water mains shall include the removal of
existing water main and/or fittings, as needed, to complete said connection, the cost of which
shall be incidental to the unit price for the given connection.
3.2.8 All fittings required to maintain the designed water main alignment, including vertical bends
when necessary, shall be incidental to the unit price for water main.
3.2.8 All tee connections, bends and dead ends shall be securely blocked and anchored in place with
concrete thrust blocks and the required retainer glands, the cost of which shall be incidental to
the unit price for water main.
3.2.9 The Contractor shall be responsible for providing written notice to all affected water customers
a minimum of 24 hours prior to any planned water shutoff. Notices shall be approved by the
Township prior to use.
3.2.9 Unless otherwise noted all water service transfers shall be a minimum of ¾” in size. The cost of
each transfer shall include up to 15 lineal feet of copper piping, unless otherwise noted.
Transfer shall be completed with one union and one piece of Type “K” copper, unless otherwise
noted. The cost of each transfer shall include tracing each service to the point of exposure with
a high quality locating device.
3.2.10 Fire hydrants shall be connected to the water mains by means of ductile iron pipe unless
otherwise noted on the Standard Detail Sheet. The joint at the hydrant shall be a bell,
mechanical joint or a flanged bolted connection in conformity with the standard adopted and in
use by the Municipality. Provide concrete foundation and thrust block sufficient to prevent
settlement. Encase all bolted joints and fittings in polyethylene.

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3.3 Gate Wells
3.3.1 Provide poured concrete foundations or pre-cast concrete base for gate well structures. Pre-cast
concrete base shall be set level on a minimum 4”stone cushion.
3.3.2 Gate wells shall be constructed of brick, concrete masonry units or pre-cast concrete with cast
iron frames, covers and manhole steps, as indicated on Drawings and specified herein.

A. Completely fill joints on pre-cast concrete sections with bituminous mastic jointing
compound, or joints shall be made with cement mortar with inside pointing and outside
rubber wrap.
B. Brick shall be wet when laid. Lay brick or concrete masonry units in mortar so as to
form full bed, with end and side joints in one operation, with joints not more than 3/8"
wide except when bricks or concrete masonry units are laid radially, in which case
narrowest part of joint shall not exceed 1/4". Lay in true line and, whenever practical,
joints shall be carefully struck and pointed on inside.
C. Protect fresh brick work from freezing or from the drying effects of sun and wind, for
such time as directed by the Engineer. In freezing weather, sufficiently heat brick work
to remove ice and frost.

3.3.3 Gate well steps shall be built into and thoroughly anchored to walls.
3.3.4 All piping entering or leaving gate wells shall be adequately supported by poured-in-place
concrete fill under pipe, from center to undisturbed ground.
3.3.5 The outside surfaces of brick or concrete masonry portion of gate wells shall be plastered and
troweled smooth with a minimum1/2" layer of cement mortar.
3.3.6 Set frames at final elevation in full bed of stiff mortar or bituminous mastic jointing compound .

3.4 Thrust Blocks

3.4.1 Place horizontal and/or vertical thrust blocks at all bends, plugs, caps, tees and fittings. The size
and shape of the thrust blocks shall be as required by the Redford Township Water Main
Standard Details. The cost of thrust blocks shall be included in the price bid per foot for water
main. Thrust blocks shall not be backfilled prior to observation by the controlling governmental
agency.
3.4.2 In unstable soil conditions, the thrust blocks are to be supported by piling driven to solid
foundations or by removal of the unstable soils and replacement with ballast of sufficient
stability to resist the thrusts. The cost of piling or ballast at thrust blocks shall be included in the
price bid for water main.
3.4.3 Place all concrete anchorages and encasements, as called for on the Drawings. The cost of
anchorage and encasements shall be included in the price bid for water main.

3.5 Backfilling
3.5.1 Sheeting, shoring, and bracing shall be removed in a manner that will not disturb the pipe
bedding.
3.5.2 Sand bedding used for trench bottom shall be extended up the sides and carefully placed around
and over pipe in 6" maximum layers. Each layer shall be thoroughly and carefully compacted to
95% of maximum dry density as per ASTM D-1557 until 12" of cover exists over pipe.
3.5.3 Remainder of trench shall be backfilled with specified backfill material to specified subgrade
elevation. Backfilling shall be compacted to 90% of maximum dry density per ASTM D-1557.

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 A. In streets, drives, parking lots, sidewalks, other paved areas or areas proposed to be
paved, place sand backfill in 6" loose layers at optimum moisture content (±2%) and
compacted to 95% of maximum dry density as determined by ASTM D-1557. Where
service or utility lines cross street, extend sand backfill to 3 feet beyond existing or
proposed pavements.

3.5.4 Before backfilling around structures, all forms, trash and debris shall be removed and cleared
away. Select excavated material shall be placed symmetrically on all sides in 8" maximum
layers; each layer shall be moistened and compacted with mechanical or hand tampers.
3.5.5 Where water main Work is placed closer than a 45° line from bottom of building footage,
backfill shall consist of 1 part dry cement to 9 parts sand.

3.6 Hydrostatic Tests

3.6.1 Within a reasonable length of time following pipe laying and backfilling, the Contractor shall
complete all Work necessary to perform hydrostatic testing in accordance with ANSI/AWWA
Standard C600-99. The Contractor shall perform all necessary preliminary hydrostatic tests
under witness of the Municipality representative and shall make all necessary repairs, including
the repair of all visible leaks and cracks, and retest with his own forces, under witness, to ready
the water mains for final hydrostatic inspection and testing. Immediately after the water mains
have passed such preliminary tests, the Contractor shall submit a written request to the local
governing agency.
3.6.2 Before applying the specified test pressure, all air shall be expelled from the pipe. If hydrants
for blowoff are not available at high points, the Contractor shall make the necessary tap, release
the air and insert plugs after the test has been completed, or install corporation cocks and leave
them in place after testing.
3.6.3 The Contractor shall furnish proper appliances and facilities for testing and draining the main
without injury to the Work and surrounding territory. The Owner shall be responsible for
furnishing all water required for pressure testing. The pressure test shall be conducted at a
minimum pressure of 150 lbs. per square inch, and in no case shall the leakage in any stretch of
pipe being tested exceed the following amounts in a two-hour period:

6" pipe - 0.55 gallons per 1000 lineal feet per hour
8" pipe - 0.74 gallons per 1000 lineal feet per hour
12" pipe - 1.10 gallons per 1000 lineal feet per hour
16" pipe - 1.47 gallons per 1000 lineal feet per hour

3.6.4 No permanent connection to existing water mains shall be made before the newly constructed
water mains have undergone a satisfactory pressure test as witnessed by the Municipality's
Engineer. Temporary connections (jumpers) between existing water mains and the newly
constructed system made for chlorinating and flushing purposes, shall include a back-check
valve to prevent backflow and possible contamination of the public water supply. Prior to and
during the hydrostatic test, the new main is not to be connected to the existing waster system.
Temporary blowoffs, caps or plugs shall be provided at the ends of the new main.
3.6.5 The Contractor shall pressure test sections of water main in increments of 2000 feet or less
unless otherwise authorized by the Engineer, and then only the allowable leakage for 2000 feet
will be permitted.

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3.6.6 The Contractor shall furnish all necessary personnel, temporary timber bracing, plugs, test
pumps and all other necessary apparatus for conducting the test.
3.6.7 Test pressure shall be maintained at 150 pounds per square inch (at the point of highest
elevation in the test section) by pumping potable water into the pipe for a period of at least two
(2) hours, and in all cases long enough to permit assurance of a satisfactory test.
3.6.8 The Owner shall furnish all water used on this project including water used for hydrostatic
testing, chlorination and flushing.

3.7 Disinfection of Water Mains

3.7.1 The Contractor shall disinfect all new water mains in a manner acceptable to the State
Department of Public Health, and in accordance with AWWA Standard C601. If required by the
municipality's engineer, the Contractor shall disinfect the new system in increments.
3.7.2 The Contractor shall flush out the new pipelines until the water runs clear. This shall be done
after the pressure test and before disinfection. Each valved section of the newly laid pipe shall
be flushed separately with potable water. The Owner shall be responsible for the cost of all
water required for disinfection.
3.7.3 After satisfactory hydrostatic tests are obtained, the new main shall be chlorinated. A chlorine
gas-water mixture shall be applied through a corporation stop at the beginning of the main. A
slow flow of water shall be let into the main approximately at the point of injection of the
chlorine solution, at a rate such that the chlorine dosage of the entering water shall be at least 50
parts per million. An open discharge shall be maintained at the far end of the main, and the
introduction of chlorine solution and water shall continue until the water discharging at the far
end shall carry the required dosage of chlorine. As the main is filled with chlorinated water,
each outlet from the main shall be opened and sufficient water drawn off to assure that the full
dosage of chlorine reaches each outlet.
3.7.4 Water samples, for bacteriological testing, shall be taken from the end of each main and at any
other locations selected by the Engineer or governing agency. Samples shall be taken from
corporation stops only, unless authorized by the Engineer. If mains dead end with no hydrant or
gate well within one pipe length of the main terminus, the Contractor shall install a 1-inch
corporation stop with 10 feet (+/-) of copper or galvanized service pipe attached for the purpose
of obtaining water samples.
3.7.5 The chlorine treated water shall remain in the main at least 24 hours, and at the end of that time
the chlorine residual at pipe extremities and other representative points shall be at least 10
p.p.m. If the chlorine residual is less than 10 p.p.m. at the end of 24 hours, further application of
chlorine shall be made and the retention period repeated until the required 10 p.p.m. residual is
obtained.
3.7.6 Following chlorination, all treated water shall be thoroughly flushed from the main until the
replacement water throughout its length shall, upon test, both chemically and bacteriologically,
be proven equal to the water quality in the source water supply system and safe.
3.7.7 Each valved section of the newly laid pipe shall be flushed separately with potable water. The
Owner shall be responsible for furnishing and for the cost of all water required for flushing and
disinfection.
3.7.8 The Owner or his duly authorized representative shall collect bacteriological water samples.
Two samples taken approximately 24 hours apart may be required, as a minimum, by the
governing Municipality. A laboratory approved by the State Department of Public Health must
analyze each sample. When the initial treatment of any tested section of the main proves

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 ineffective (in the opinion of the Engineer), the chlorination procedure shall be repeated until
tests confirm that water sampled from the new main conforms to the foregoing requirements.
All costs associated with retesting shall be paid by the Contractor.

END OF SECTION

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