SIEVE SET

A SIEVE, OR SIFTER, IS A DEVICE FOR SEPARATING WANTED

ELEMENTS FROM UNWANTED MATERIAL OR FOR CHARACTERIZING
THE PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF A SAMPLE OF (AGGREGATES,
SAND, & OTHER SOIL PARTICLES)
SIEVE ANALYSIS HELPS TO DET. THE PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION
OF THE COARSE & FINE AGGREGATES.
PROCEDURE
i) THE TEST SAMPLE IS DRIED TO A CONSTANT WEIGHT AT A
TEMPERATURE OF 110 + 5 C & WEIGHED.
ii) THE SAMPLE IS SIEVED BY USING A SET OF IS SIEVES.
iii) ON COMPLETION OF SIEVING, THE MATERIAL ON EACH SIEVE IS
WEIGHED.
iv) CUMULATIVE WEIGHT PASSING THROUGH EACH SIEVE IS
CALCULATED AS A PERCENTAGE OF THE TOTAL SAMPLE
WEIGHT.
v) FINENESS MODULUS IS OBTAINED BY ADDING CUMULATIVE
PERCENTAGE OF AGGREGATES RETAINED ON EACH SIEVE &
DIVIDING THE SUM BY 100.
SLUMP CONE
A METAL MOLD IN THE FORM OF A TRUNCATED CONE W/ A TOP
DIAMETER OF 4"(102MM), A BOTTOM DIAMETER OF 8"(203MM), & A
HEIGHT OF 12"(305MM), USED TO FABRICATE THE SPECIMEN FOR A
SLUMP TEST. A 2 FT (610 MM) LONG BULLET NOSED METAL ROD, 5’’’
(16 MM) IN DIAMETER
CONCRETE SLUMP TEST IS AN EMPIRICAL TEST THAT MEASURES
THE WORKABILITY OF FRESH CONCRETE. IT MEASURES THE
CONSISTENCY OF THE CONCRETE IN THAT SPECIFIC BATCH.

HYDROMETER
A HYDROMETER IS AN INSTRUMENT USED TO MEASURE THE
SPECIFIC GRAVITY (OR RELATIVE DENSITY) OF LIQUIDS; THAT IS,
THE RATIO OF THE DENSITY OF THE LIQUID TO THE DENSITY OF
WATER. A HYDROMETER IS USUALLY MADE OF GLASS & CONSISTS
OF A CYLINDRICAL STEM & A BULB WEIGHTED W/ MERCURY OR
LEAD SHOT TO MAKE IT FLOAT UPRIGHT.
UNIVERSAL TESTING MACHINE
AN INSTRUMENT SO DESIGNED THAT IT IS CAPABLE OF EXERTING A
TENSILE, COMPRESSIVE, OR TRANSVERSE STRESS ON A SPECIMEN
UNDER TEST. FURTHER, IT CAN BE ADAPTED FOR THE
DETERMINATION OF BRINELL HARDNESS, DUCTILITY, COLD BEND, &
OTHER PROPERTIES. THE MACHINE CONSISTS ESSENTIALLY OF
THREE SYSTEMS: LOADING, WEIGHING, & INDICATING, THE LOADING
BEING APPLIED EITHER MECHANICALLY OR HYDRAULICALLY.
CONCRETE MIXER
A CONCRETE MIXER IS A DEVICE THAT HOMOGENEOUSLY
COMBINES CEMENT, AGGREGATE SUCH AS SAND OR GRAVEL, &
WATER TO FORM CONCRETE. A TYPICAL CONCRETE MIXER USES A
REVOLVING DRUM TO MIX THE COMPONENTS. FOR SMALLER
VOLUME WORKS PORTABLE CONCRETE MIXERS ARE OFTEN USED
SO THAT THE CONCRETE CAN BE MADE AT THE CONSTRUCTION
SITE.
PRESSURE GAUGE
A PRESSURE GAUGE IS A FLUID INTENSITY MEASUREMENT DEVICE.
GAUGES HELP TO ENSURE THERE ARE NO LEAKS OR PRESSURE
CHANGES THAT COULD AFFECT THE OPERATING CONDITION OF
THE HYDRAULIC SYSTEM.

TAMPING ROD
TAMPING RODS ARE DIMENSIONALLY ACCURATE RODS USED TO
TAMP FRESH CONCRETE INTO CYLINDER MOLDS & SLUMP CONES
TO ELIMINATE VOIDS & EXCESS AIR.
THERMOMETER
THERMOMETER IS AN INSTRUMENT FOR MEASURING & INDICATING
TEMPERATURE, TYPICALLY ONE CONSISTING OF A NARROW,
HERMETICALLY SEALED GLASS TUBE MARKED W/ GRADUATIONS &
HAVING AT ONE END A BULB CONTAINING MERCURY OR ALCOHOL
WHICH EXTENDS ALONG THE TUBE AS IT EXPANDS.

VIBRATOR
A VIBRATOR IS A MECHANICAL DEVICE TO GENERATE VIBRATIONS.
THE VIBRATION IS OFTEN GENERATED BY AN ELECTRIC MOTOR W/
AN UNBALANCED MASS ON ITS DRIVESHAFT.
VICAT APPARATUS
VICAT'S APPARATUS CONSISTS OF AN ARRANGEMENT TO HOLD
THE PLUNGER OF 10 MM DIAMETER & TWO OTHER NEEDLES WHICH
ARE MADE TO FREELY FALL INTO A MOULD FILLED W/ THE CEMENT
PASTE & THE AMOUNT OF PENETRATION OF THE NEEDLES OF
PLUNDER CAN BE NOTED USING THE VERTICAL GRADUATIONS
FROM 0 MM TO 50 MM. IS USED TO FIND OUT THE CONSISTENCY,
INITIAL SETTING TIME & FINAL SETTING TIME OF THE CEMENT. IN
THE NORMAL CONSISTENCY TEST WE HAVE TO FIND OUT THE
AMOUNT OF WATER TO BE ADDED TO THE CEMENT TO FORM A
CEMENT PASTE OF NORMAL CONSISTENCY.