Mendeley XML

xml records record database name path ref-type name titles title
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 31 Generic SLMA 326.pdf

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Prevalence
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Additional
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 31 Generic CKD AS.pdf

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Chronic kid
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Diabetes i
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Effectiveness of screening for d
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Aetiologica
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article 1,231

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article No Title
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Crc Pr E S S
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article 205 Lamabadusuriya, DA; Kulat
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Double blind placebo controlle
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article R'R\
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 31 Generic 016 - 2012.pdf

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Prevalence and Associated Fac
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 31 Generic 1020-3846-1-PB.pdf

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article A clinico-
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article I~
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Association
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 31 Generic scan0001.pdf

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Knowledge on prevention of di
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Influence of socio-demographi

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 31 Generic Preliminary ...pdf
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Changing p
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Incidence and histological patte
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Original Article : Assessment of

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Colorectal
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Selected non-communicable di
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Risk estima

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article SP1-85 Trou
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Diabetes me

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 31 Generic Annex_29.pdf
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Potential
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Ethnic Dif
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Epidemiolog

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Aspergillu
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article The obesity
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Endemic chr
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article The facts,
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Non-alcoholic fatty liver diseas
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 16 Web Page Large cardi

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article The prevale
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Epidemiolog
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Metabolic
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Province a
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Changes in

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Temporal tr
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Risk factor
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Morphologi
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Compromise
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article The burden

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article High preval
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Erectile d
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Assessment
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Metabolic

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Diabetes a
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Abstracts
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Periodontit
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Hemoglobin
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Colorectal
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Incidence t
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Temporal tr

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article The diabet
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Is walking
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Diabetes m
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Predictors
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Retinopathy

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Hospitalis
Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Uncertain e

secondary-periodical full-title keywords keyword urls pdf-urls url web-urls url
SLMA 326.pdf internal-pdf://Unknown - Unknown - SLMA 326.pdf.
SLMA 34.pdf internal-pdf://Unknown - Unknown - SLMA 34.pdf.p
Diabetic Medicine Diabetic Medicine Diabetes internal-pdf://Katulanhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p
Pre-diabetes http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j
Prevalence
South Asian
Sri Lanka
BMC Nephrology BMC Nephrology Agrochemicals internal-pdf://Redmon et al. - 2014 - Additional pers
Cadmium
Chronic kidney disease
Chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology
Environmental nephrotoxins
Heavy metals
Sri Lanka
CKD AS.pdf internal-pdf://Unknown - Unknown - CKD AS.pdf.pd

Environmental GeochEnvironmental Geochemistry and Health
BMC Nephrology BMC Nephrology Chronic kidney disease
aetiology
cadmium
Diabetic Medicine Diabetic Medicine Diabetes
Pre-diabetes
Prevalence
South Asian
Sri Lanka
BMC Public Health BMC Public Health Diabetes Mellitus

Epidemiology
Prevalence
Risk factors
South Asia
Trends
Sri Lanka Journal of Sri Lanka Journal of diabetes internal-pdf://Jayath http://www.sljol.info/index.ph
gestational
pre-gestational
pregnancy
Effectiveness of screening for diabetic retinopathy by non- specialist doctors : the i internal-pdf://Wijesinghe et al. - 2013 - Effectivenes
Journal of the Colleg Journal of the Colleg Aetiology internal-pdf://Wanigas

http://www.sljol.info/index.ph
Chronic kidney disease
Sri Lanka
Journal of Diabetes aJournal of Diabetes aCentral obesity internal-pdf://Amarashttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p
Fasting plasma glucose http://www.pubmedcentral.nih
High density lipoprotein http://jdmdonline.biomedcent
Hypertriacylglycerolaemia http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s402
Metabolic syndrome
internal-pdf://Open - 2008 - 1 , 2 3 1.pdf
internal-pdf://Unknown - 2005 - No Title(11).pdf
Crc Pr E S S internal-pdf://Raton et al. - Unknown - Crc Pr E S S.p
internal-pdf://Unknown - Unknown - No Title(6).pdf
205 Lamabadusuriya, DA; Kulatunga, AVS; Ranasinghe, P; Sheriff, MHR ; Katulanda, P Sinternal-pdf://Unknown - Unknown - 205 Lamabadu
internal-pdf://Unknown - Unknown - No Title(9).pdf
internal-pdf://Unknown - Unknown - No Title(12).pd
internal-pdf://Unknown - Unknown - No Title(13).pd
Double blind placebo controlled crossover clinical trial of sildenafil citrate in patient internal-pdf://Warusawithana et al. - 2010 - Double
internal-pdf://Kingon, Clark - Unknown - R ' R.pdf
016 - 2012.pdf internal-pdf://Unknown - Unknown - 016 - 2012.pdf

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Prediabetes and Diabetes Mellitus in a Population
internal-pdf://Vinitharan et al. - 2012 - Prevalence a
1020-3846-1-PB.pdf internal-pdf://Unknown - Unknown - 1020-3846-1-P

Journal of Oral Path Journal of Oral Path Ameloblastoma internal-pdf://Darshani Gunawardhana et al. - 2010
Clinico-pathological analysis
Mandible
Maxilla
internal-pdf://Multiplex, To, Tify - Unknown - I ~.pdf
American Journal of SAmerican Journal of SH. pylori internal-pdf://Wijetunge et al. - 2010 - Association
adenocarcinoma
esophagus
gastric cardia
gastritis
gastroesophageal junction
high-grade dysplasia
intestinal metaplasia
scan0001.pdf internal-pdf://Unknown - Unknown - scan0001.pdf.p
Knowledge on prevention of diabetic complication and its association with prevalenceinternal-pdf://Mjf et al. - 2018 - Knowledge on preve
Influence of socio-demographic factors and habit of self-foot care on the diabetic footinternal-pdf://Maf et al. - 2018 - Influence of socio-
Preliminary ...pdf internal-pdf://Unknown - Unknown - Preliminary ...p
The Ceylon medical j The Ceylon medical j Adult internal-pdf://Ratnat http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p
Carcinoma, Papillary
Carcinoma, Papillary, Follicular
Carcinoma, Papillary, Follicular: epidemiology
Carcinoma, Papillary: epidemiology
Humans
Iodine
Iodine: administration & dosage
Prospective Studies
Retrospective Studies
Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka: epidemiology
Thyroid Neoplasms
Thyroid Neoplasms: epidemiology
Thyroid Neoplasms: prevention & control
Incidence and histological patterns of thyroid cancer Thyroid cancer,Incidence,Papillainternal-pdf://Jayarajah et al. - 2018 - Incidence and
incidence
papillary cancer
thyroid cancer
The Ceylon medical j The Ceylon medical journal internal-pdf://Perera http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p
Original Article : Assessment of factors relating to sc department of medicine internal-pdf://Article - 2015 - Original Article Assessm
diabetes
microvascular complications
screening
sri lanka
university of sri
World Journal of GastWorld Journal of Gast 2016 internal-pdf://Deen ehttp://www.wjgnet.com/1948-
all rights reserved
colon cancer
colorectal cancer
early onset
group inc
published by baishideng publishing
rectal cancer
s
survival
the author
young age
young patients
Selected non-communicable diseases and risk conditio
alcohol internal-pdf://Harshani, Abeysena - Unknown - Sele
fishermen
hypertension
obesity
overweight
smoking
Ceylon Medical JournCeylon Medical Journ(Index words internal-pdf://Ranawaka et al. - 2016 - Risk estimate
cardiovascular diseases
epidemiology
risk estimates
risk prediction tools)

Journal of Epidemiol Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health internal-pdf://Netuvelhttp://jech.bmj.com/cgi/doi/10
Sri Lanka Journal of Sri Lanka Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology internal-pdf://Motha MBC - 2015 - Diabetes mellitus
Annex_29.pdf internal-pdf://Unknown - Unknown - Annex_29.pdf.
Proceedings of the syProceedings of the symposium on chronic kidney diseasinternal-pdf://Paranahttp://nas-srilanka.org/wp-con
Journal of Sexual MedJournal of Sexual MedDiabetes mellitus internal-pdf://Malavige et al. - 2013 - Ethnic Differ
Erectile dysfunction
Europids
Medical comorbidity of erectile dysfunction
Men
Premature ejaculation
South Asians
Journal of Epidemiol Journal of Epidemiol chronic kidney disease internal-pdf://Jayase https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/ar
epidemiology
male farmers
natural
north central province
uncertain etiology
Journal of Diabetes RJournal of Diabetes Research internal-pdf://Arambehttps://www.hindawi.com/jour
internal-pdf://Arambehttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih
Indian Journal of En Indian Journal of En aspergillus species internal-pdf://Wijesuhttp://www.ijem.in/text.asp?2

diabetics
onychomycosis
sri lanka
Asia-Pacific Journal oAsia-Pacific Journal of Public Health internal-pdf://Jayawarhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p

http://journals.sagepub.com/d
Indian Journal of NepIndian Journal of Nependemic chronic kidney diseaseinternal-pdf://Wijetu http://www.indianjnephrol.org

interstitial fibrosis
interstitial renal disease
of unknown etiology in
sri lanka
International Journal International Journal Diabetes mellitus internal-pdf://Ranasinghe, Jayawardena, Katulanda
Prevalence
Sri Lanka
Systematic review
Trends
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease : Confronting the global epidemic requires internal-pdf://Vw et al. - 2009 - Non-alcoholic fatty
European heart journa

European heart journal. Conference: european society of cardiology, ESC http://login.research4life.org/t
Diabetology & MetabDiabetology & Metabcom internal-pdf://Katulanhttp://dmsjournal.biomedcent
correspondence
developing country
diabetes mellitus
distal peripheral neuropathy
pkatulanda
prevalence
sri lanka
yahoo
Stroke Stroke biomarkers internal-pdf://Chang, Gajasinghe, Arambepola - 201
copeptin internal-pdf://Chang, Gajasinghe, Arambepola - 201
diag-
exclude impor-
it is necessary to
myocardial infarction
nosis in emergency care
pecific treatment of patients
stroke
tant differential diagnoses
usually called stroke mimics
vascular diseases
with stroke requires rapid
Ceylon Medical JournCeylon Medical Journal internal-pdf://Jayawahttps://cmj.sljol.info/article/10
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p
Saudi Journal of KidnSaudi Journal of Kidney Disease & Transplantation internal-pdf://Wijewihttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p
Diabetology & MetabDiabetology & Metabdeveloping country internal-pdf://Katula http://dmsjournal.biomedcent

diabetes mellitus internal-pdf://Katulanda et al. - 2012 - Metabolic sy
metabolic syndrome
prevalence
south asia
sri lanka
BMC Public Health BMC Public Health Asia/epidemiology internal-pdf://Jayawardena et al. - 2012 - Prevalence
Diabetes Mellitus/ epidemiology
Epidemics
Humans
Prediabetic State/epidemiology
Prevalence
Risk Factors
Sri Lanka Journal of Sri Lanka Journal of Diabetes Endocrinology and Met internal-pdf://Katula http://www.sljol.info/index.ph
Southeast Asian JournSoutheast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Pubinternal-pdf://Chandrhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p

Journal of the Royal Journal of the Royal Adult Aged Blood Glucose Diabet
internal-pdf://Illangasekera, Rambodagalla, Tennako
BMC Research Notes BMC Research Notes Case-control study internal-pdf://Wellapuli, Ekanayake - 2017 - Risk fact
Chronic periodontitis
Risk factors
Sri Lanka
PLoS ONE PLoS ONE internal-pdf://Wijkström et al. - 2018 - Morphologic
BMC Public Health BMC Public Health Asia-Pacific internal-pdf://Ranasi http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p

Metabolic syndrome http://www.pubmedcentral.nih
Prevalence http://bmcpublichealth.biome
Trends http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s128
Journal of Clinical Pe Journal of Clinical Pe accepted for publication 1 internal-pdf://Preshahttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p

and global esti- http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j
burden to public
diabetes is a massive
health across the world
november 2009
periodontitis
type 2 diabetes
Diabetic Medicine Diabetic Medicine internal-pdf://Pinidiyapathirage et al. - 2013 - The b
PLoS ONE PLoS ONE internal-pdf://Wijesuriya et al. - 2012 - High prevale
Journal of Sexual MedJournal of Sexual MedErectile Dysfunction internal-pdf://Malavige et al. - 2008 - Erectile dysfu
Libido
Premature ejaculation
Sexual dysfunction
Type 2 diabetes
BMC Research Notes BMC Research Notes Army recruits internal-pdf://Jayawehttps://doi.org/10.1186/s1310

CKD and MRSA colonization http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p
Chronic stressors http://www.pubmedcentral.nih
Dehydration https://bmcresnotes.biomedce
Long term inhabitation
Non-communicable diseases
Journal of GastroenteJournal of GastroenteAsia internal-pdf://Dassana
Epidemiology http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j
Metabolic syndrome
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
The Ceylon medical j The Ceylon medical journal http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p
BMC Research Notes BMC Research Notes internal-pdf://Kumarahttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p

http://bmcresnotes.biomedcen
Indian Journal of En Indian Journal of En Central obesity internal-pdf://Amara http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p

Jaffna http://www.pubmedcentral.nih
Sri Lanka http://www.ijem.in/text.asp?2
central obesity
density lipoprotein
fasting plasma glucose
high
high-density lipoprotein
hypertriacylglycerolemia
jaffna
metabolic syndrome
Journal of Alzheimer'Journal of Alzheimer'Alzheimer's disease internal-pdf://Fernanhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p
Alzheimer’s disease http://www.medra.org/servlet
cognitive impairment
diabetes
phytochemicals
tea
European Journal of European Journal of Cancer internal-pdf://Senevi http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S09
Diabetes Research and

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice internal-pdf://Amarasinghe et al. - 2007 - Risk factor

Periodontal disease internal-pdf://De Silva et al. - 2006 - Periodontitis A
Risk factors
Sri Lanka
Type 2 diabetes

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice internal-pdf://Wijera http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dia
BMC Research Notes BMC Research Notes Cancer burden internal-pdf://Chandrhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p

Colorectal cancer http://www.pubmedcentral.nih
Epidemiology http://bmcresnotes.biomedcen
South Asia
BMC Cancer BMC Cancer Breast cancer internal-pdf://Fernand

Incidence http://www.pubmedcentral.nih
https://bmccancer.biomedcent
The journal of the RoThe journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of internal-pdf://Illang http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p
The Ceylon medical j The Ceylon medical journal internal-pdf://Katula http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p
Rural and remote heaRural and remote health http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p
Diabetologia Diabetologia internal-pdf://Katula http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p

http://link.springer.com/10.100
PLoS ONE PLoS ONE internal-pdf://Sriyani http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p

http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/jou
BMC Endocrine DisorBMC Endocrine Disorders internal-pdf://Katulanhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p

http://bmcendocrdisord.biome
BMC Ophthalmology BMC Ophthalmology internal-pdf://Katula http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p

http://bmcophthalmol.biomed
Stroke Stroke Sri Lanka http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p
prevalence http://stroke.ahajournals.org/l
risk factors
stroke
Ceylon Medical JournCeylon Medical Journal internal-pdf://Amarashttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p
https://cmj.sljol.info/article/10
BMC Research Notes BMC Research Notes Case control study internal-pdf://Weragod
Peripheral arterial disease http://www.pubmedcentral.nih
Risk factors http://bmcresnotes.biomedcen
Sri Lanka
Ceylon Medical JournCeylon Medical Journal internal-pdf://Sudasi http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p
https://cmj.sljol.info/article/10
The Ceylon medical j The Ceylon medical journal http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p
Kidney International Kidney International internal-pdf://Athuralhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p

http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/
BMC Nephrology BMC Nephrology internal-pdf://Jayatil http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/p

http://bmcnephrol.biomedcen
contributoauthors author secondary-author pages volume issue dates year
own - Unknown - SLMA 326.pdf.pdf
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19183311
Katulanda, P. 1062-1069 25 9 2008
http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1464-5491.2008.02523.x
Constantine, G. R.
Mahesh, J. G.
Sheriff, R.
Seneviratne, R. D. A.
Wijeratne, S.
Wijesuriya, M.
McCarthy, M. I.
Adler, A. I.
Matthews, D. R.
on et al. - 2014 - Additional pers Redmon, Jennifer Hoponick 1-10 15 1 2014
Elledge, Myles F.
Womack, Donna S.
Wickremashinghe, Rajitha
Wanigasuriya, Kamani P.
Peiris-John, Roshini J.
Lunyera, Joseph
Smith, Kristin
Raymer, James H.
Levine, Keith E.
own - Unknown - CKD AS.pdf.pdf
Chandrajith, Rohana 2011
Nanayakkara, Shanika
Itai, Kozuyoshi
Aturaliya, T. N. C.
Dissanayake, C. B.
Abeysekera, Thilak
Harada, Kouji
Watanabe, Takao
Koizumi, Akio
Wanigasuriya, Kamani P. 2011
Peiris-John, Roshini J.
Wickremasinghe, Rajitha
Katulanda, P. 2008
Constantine, G. R.
Mahesh, J. G.
Sheriff, R.
Seneviratne, R. D A
Wijeratne, S.
Wijesuriya, M.
McCarthy, M. I.
Adler, A. I.
Matthews, D. R.
Jayawardena, Ranil 2012
Ranasinghe, Priyanga
Byrne, Nuala M.
Soares, Mario J.
Katulanda, Prasad
Hills, Andrew P.
http://www.sljol.info/index.php/SJDEM/article/view/4181
Jayathilaka, KGH 8-13 1 1 2012
Dahanayake, S
Abewardhana, R
Ranaweera, AKP
Rishard, MRM
Wijeyaratne, CN
inghe et al. - 2013 - Effectiveness Wijesinghe, N P 63-67 3 2 2013
Jayaweera, M
Dissanayake, H A
Pathirana, S
Katulanda, P
http://www.sljol.info/index.php/JCCPSL/article/view/4931
Wanigasuriya, K 21-42 17 1 2012
Amarasinghe, Sivarathy 1-5 14 1 2015
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=PMC4511035
Balakumar, Sandrasegarampillai
http://jdmdonline.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40200-015-0190-x
Arasaratnam, Vasanthy
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40200-015-0190-x
- 2008 - 1 , 2 3 1.pdf Open, The 1-6 2008

own - 2005 - No Title(11).pdf 2095 2005
et al. - Unknown - Crc Pr E S S.pdRaton, Boca 237-239
New, London
Washington, York
Park, Joon B
Bronzino, Joseph D
own - Unknown - No Title(6).pdf 741 741
own - Unknown - 205 Lamabadusuriya, DA Kulatunga, AVS Ran.pd 205
own - 2009 - No Title(8).pdf 2167 2009
own - Unknown - No Title(9).pdf 149
sawithana et al. - 2010 - Double bWarusawithana, A Keshani 72-75 2010
Fernando, A D A
Guruparan, K
Athukorala, T J
Goonaratna, Colvin
n, Clark - Unknown - R ' R.pdf Kingon, Angus I 2015
Clark, J Brian
own - Unknown - 016 - 2012.pdf.pdf
haran et al. - 2012 - Prevalence anVinitharan, V 2012 2012
Amarasinghe, S
Balakumar, S
Arasaratnam, V
own - Unknown - 1020-3846-1-PB.pdf.pdf
ani Gunawardhana et al. - 2010 Darshani Gunawardhana, K. S N236-241 39 3 2010
Jayasooriya, Primali Rukmal
Rambukewela, Inoka Krishanthi
Tilakaratne, Wanninayake Mudiyanselage
plex, To, Tify - Unknown - I ~.pdf Multiplex, O F A 33
To, Pcn
Tify, I D E
unge et al. - 2010 - Association Wijetunge, Sulochana 1521-1527 34 10 2010
Ma, Yanling
Demeester, Steve
Hagen, Jeffrey
Demeester, Tom
Chandrasoma, Parakrama
own - Unknown - scan0001.pdf.pdf

t al. - 2018 - Knowledge on preve Mjf, Jasliya 2018 August 2018
Amf, Sahumila
Surenthirakumaran, R
Aravinthan, M
t al. - 2018 - Influence of socio- Maf, Husniya 2018 August 2018
Mhf, Husna
Kumaran, S
St, Sarma
Pad, Coonghe
own - Unknown - Preliminary ...pdf.pdf
Ratnatunga, P C 125-8 48 4 2003
Amarasinghe, S C
Ratnatunga, N V
ajah et al. - 2018 - Incidence and Jayarajah, Umesh 1-7 2018

Fernando, Ashan
Prabashani, Saumyakala
Fernando, Eshani A
Seneviratne, Sanjeewa A
Perera, Thamara 17-21 53 1 2008
Wijesuriya, Ruwan E
Suraweera, P H R
Wijewardene, Kumudu
Kumarage, Sumudu K
Ariyaratne, M H J
Deen, Kemal I
e - 2015 - Original Article AssessmArticle, Original 1-9 2035 October 2015
own - 2016 - No Title(21).pdf 12796 April 2016

own - 2010 - No Title(12).pdf 2010 29 4 2010
http://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5204/full/v8/i6/481.htm
Deen, Kemal I 481 8 6 2016
Silva, Hiroshi
Deen, Raeed
Chandrasinghe, Pramodh C
own - 2001 - No Title(3).pdf 12503 7 March 2001
ani, Abeysena - Unknown - Selec Harshani, S R A P 20-29
Abeysena, H T C S
waka et al. - 2016 - Risk estimate Ranawaka, U K 11-17 11 61 2016

Wijekoon, C N
Pathmeswaran, A
Kasturiratne, A
Gunasekera, D
Chackrewarthy, S
Kato, N
Wickramasinghe, A R
own - 2015 - No Title(9).pdf 10640 60 July 2015
own - 2015 - No Title(5).pdf 7995 84 2015
own - 2016 - No Title(9).pdf 17356 23 July 2016
own - 2013 - No Title(6).pdf 2296 31 2 2013
own - 2018 - No Title(2).pdf 58 2018
own - 2012 - No Title(4).pdf 12373 June 2012
http://jech.bmj.com/cgi/doi/10.1136/jech.2011.142976n.62
Netuveli, G. A398-A398 65 Suppl 1 2011
Webb, E.
Blane, D.
a MBC - 2015 - Diabetes mellitus Motha MBC, Dias TD 1-6 June 2015
own - 2013 - No Title(2).pdf 2260 30 3 2013
own - 2012 - No Title(3).pdf 8164 6 2012
own - Unknown - Annex_29.pdf.pdf
own - 2009 - No Title(3).pdf 2009
http://nas-srilanka.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/Paranagama-edited.pdf
Paranagama, P. A. 19 October 2013
vige et al. - 2013 - Ethnic Differ Malavige, Lasantha S. 500-508 10 2 2013
Wijesekara, Pabasi
Seneviratne Epa, Danesha
Levy, Jonathan C.
https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jea/25/4/25_JE20140074/_article
Jayasekara, Kithsiri Bandara 275-280 25 4 2015
Dissanayake, Dhammika Menike
Sivakanesan, Ramiah
Ranasinghe, Asanga
Karunarathna, Ranawaka Hewage
Priyantha Kumara, Gardiye Waligamage Gamini
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/jdr/2018/4504287/
Arambewela, Maulee Hiromi 1-10 2018 2018
Somasundaram, Noel P.
Ranjan Jayasekara, Hettiarachchige Buddhi Pradeep
Kumbukage, Mahesh P.
Jayasena, Pulukkutti Mudiyanselage Sarath
Hemanthi Chandrasekara, Chandrasekara Mudalige Priyanka
Sudath Fernando, Kurukulasuriya Ravindra Alexis
Kusumsiri, Divadalage Priyantha
http://www.ijem.in/text.asp?2015/19/6/811/167565
Wijesuriya, TM 811 19 6 2015
Kottahachchi, J
Gunasekara, T. D. C. P.
Bulugahapitiya, U
Ranasinghe, K. N. P.
Neluka Fernando, SS
Weerasekara, MM
Jayawardena, Ranil NP1298-N 27 2 2015
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1010539512464650
Byrne, Nuala M.
Soares, Mario J.
Katulanda, Prasad
Hills, Andrew P.
http://www.indianjnephrol.org/text.asp?2015/25/5/274/145095
Wijetunge, S 274 25 5 2015
Ratnatunga, N. V. I.
Abeysekera, T. D. J.
Wazil, A. W. M.
Selvarajah, M
singhe, Jayawardena, Katulanda - Ranasinghe,
20 P. 501-513 35 4 2015
Jayawardena, R.
Katulanda, P.
al. - 2009 - Non-alcoholic fatty Vw, Dolinsky 1705-1707 24 2009

Ay, Chan
Frayne, Robillard
Silva, H Janaka De
http://login.research4life.org/tacsgr1www_cochranelibrary_com/central/doi/10.1002/central/CN-01468624/full?highlightAbstract=lanka
Jafar TH, Gandhi M, Naheed A, Jehan I, De Silva HA, Finkelstein E, Quigley HL, Ebrahim S, Khan AH, Clemen
http://dmsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1758-5996-4-21
Katulanda, Prasad 21 4 1 2012
Jayawardena, Ranil
Constantine, Godwin R
Sheriff, M H
Matthews, David R
g, Gajasinghe, Arambepola - 2015Chang, Thashi 2965-2968 46 2015
g, Gajasinghe, Arambepola - 2015Gajasinghe, Seneth
Arambepola, Carukshi
https://cmj.sljol.info/article/10.4038/cmj.v62i1.8432/
Jayawardena, J B 34 62 1 2017
Samarutilake, G D N
Zacky, M H M
De Silva, P V
Karunanayake, A
Weerasooriya, M A
Wijewickrama, Eranga S 1289-1293 22 6 2011
Weerasinghe, Dinushi
Sumathipala, Pubudu S
Horadagoda, Charith
Lanarolle, Rushika D
Sheriff, Rezvi M H
http://dmsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1758-5996-4-24
anda et al. - 2012 - Metabolic sy Ranasinghe, Priyanga
Jayawardana, Ranil
Sheriff, Rezvi
Matthews, David R
ardena et al. - 2012 - Prevalence Jayawardena, R 380 12 2012

Ranasinghe, P
Byrne, N M
Soares, M J
Katulanda, P
Hills, A P
http://www.sljol.info/index.php/SJDEM/article/view/4180
Katulanda, P 2-7 1 1 2012
Rathnapala, DAV
Sheriff, R
Matthews, DR
Chandrasena, L. G. 731-736 39 4 2008
De Silva, L. D.R. R
De Silva, Kl I
Dissanayaka, P.
Peiris, H.
asekera, Rambodagalla, Tennakoon Illangasekera, U 92-94 124 2 2004
Rambodagalla, S
Tennakoon, S
puli, Ekanayake - 2017 - Risk fact Wellapuli, Nimali 1-7 10 1 2017
Ekanayake, Lilani
tröm et al. - 2018 - MorphologicalWijkström, Julia 1-19 13 3 2018

Jayasumana, Channa
Dassanayake, Rajeewa
Priyawardane, Nalin
Godakanda, Nimali
Siribaddana, Sisira
Ring, Anneli
Hultenby, Kjell
Söderberg, Magnus
Elinder, Carl Gustaf
Wernerson, Annika
Ranasinghe, P. 1-9 17 1 2017
Mathangasinghe, Y.
http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-017-4041-1
Jayawardena, R.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4041-1
Hills, A. P.
Misra, A.
Preshaw, Philip M. 165-171 37 2 2010
http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1600-051X.2009.01519.x
de Silva, Nimali
McCracken, Giles I.
Fernando, Devaka J. S.
Dalton, Caroline F.
Steen, Nick D.
Heasman, Peter A.
yapathirage et al. - 2013 - The b Pinidiyapathirage, M. J. 326-332 30 3 2013

Kasturiratne, A.
Ranawaka, U. K.
Gunasekara, D.
Wijekoon, N.
Medagoda, K.
Perera, S.
Takeuchi, F.
Kato, N.
Warnakulasuriya, T.
Wickremasinghe, A. R.
uriya et al. - 2012 - High prevale Wijesuriya, Mahen 7 2 2012
Gulliford, Martin
Charlton, Judith
Vasantharaja, Laksha
Viberti, Giancarlo
Gnudi, Luigi
Karalliedde, Janaka
vige et al. - 2008 - Erectile dysfu Malavige, Lasantha S. 2125-2134 5 9 2008
Jayaratne, Shanthilal D.
Kathriarachchi, Samudra T.
Sivayogan, Sivagurunathan
Fernando, Devaka J.
Levy, Jonathan C.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-018-3590-4
Jayaweera, Jayaweera Arachchi 1-6 11 1 2018
Joseph, Anpalaham
https://bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13104-018-3590-4
Dassanayake, Anuradha S. 1284-1288 24 7 2009
http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1440-1746.2009.05831.x
Kasturiratne, Anuradhani
Rajindrajith, Shaman
Kalubowila, Udaya
Chakrawarthi, Sureka
De Silva, Arjuna P.
Makaya, Miyuki
Mizoue, Tetsuya
Kato, Norihiro
Wickremasinghe, A. Rajitha
De Silva, H. Janaka
Wijewardene, K 62-70 50 2 2005
Mohideen, M R
Mendis, S
Fernando, D S
Kulathilaka, T
Weerasekara, D
Uluwitta, P
Kumara, WA Nuwan 373 6 1 2013
Perera, Thisara
http://bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1756-0500-6-373
Dissanayake, Mekhala
Constantine, Godwin R
Amarasinghe, Sivarathy 663 19 5 2015
Sandrasegarampillai, Balakumar
http://www.ijem.in/text.asp?2015/19/5/663/163204
Arasaratnam, Vasanthy
Fernando, Warnakulasuriya M.A481-501 59 2 2017
http://www.medra.org/servlet/aliasResolver?alias=iospress&doi=10.3233/JAD-161200
Somaratne, Geeshani
Goozee, Kathryn G.
Williams, Shehan
Singh, Harjinder
Martins, Ralph N.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0959-8049(17)30424-0
Seneviratne, S S104 72 January 2017
Prabhashani, S
Fernando, A
asinghe et al. - 2007 - Risk factor Amarasinghe, D. A.C.L. 377-378 75 3 2007
Fonseka, P.
Dalpatadu, K. C.S.
Unwin, N. C.
Fernando, D. J.S.
va et al. - 2006 - Periodontitis A De Silva, Nimali T. 209-210 74 2 2006
Preshaw, Philip M.
Taylor, John J.
Jayaratne, Shanthalal D.
Heasman, Peter A.
Fernando, Devaka J.S.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2017.07.010
Wijerathne, Buddhika 2017
Meier, Robert
Salgado, Sujatha
Agampodi, Suneth
Chandrasinghe, P. C. 535 10 1 2017
Ediriweera, D. S.
http://bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13104-017-2869-1
Hewavisenthi, J.
Kumarage, S. K.
Fernando, F. R.
Deen, K. I.
Fernando, Ashan 482 18 1 2018
Jayarajah, Umesh
https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-018-4408-4
Prabashani, Saumyakala
Fernando, Eshani A.
Seneviratne, Sanjeewa A.
Illangasekera, Upali 92-4 124 2 2004
Rambodagalla, Samanthi
Tennakoon, Silumini
Katulanda, P 26-8 51 1 2006
Sheriff, M H R
Matthews, D R
Jayasinghe, Saroj A 692 7 2
Atukorala, Inoshi
Gunethilleke, Bhagya
Siriwardena, Viraj
Herath, Samantha C
De Abrew, Kusum
Katulanda, P. 1368-1374 51 8 2008
http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00125-008-1052-6
Shine, B.
Katulanda, G. W.
Silva, A.
Asfir, E. L.
Sheriff, R.
Somasundaram, N.
Long, A. E.
Bingley, P. J.
McCarthy, M. I.
Clark, A.
Matthews, D. R.
Sriyani, KumarasinghePietropaol e80856 8 11 2013
Wasalathanthri, Sudharshani
http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0080856
Hettiarachchi, Priyadharshika
Prathapan, Shamini
Waniganayake, Yasindu C
http://bmcendocrdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1472-6823-14-20
Wijetunga, WM Udai Akalanka
Jayaweera, Mahesh
Wijesinghe, Nishantha P
Sheriff, Rezvi
Matthews, David R
http://bmcophthalmol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2415-14-100
Jayawardena, Ranil
Chang, Thashi 2965-2968 46 10 2015
http://stroke.ahajournals.org/lookup/doi/10.1161/STROKEAHA.115.010203
Gajasinghe, Seneth
Arambepola, Carukshi
Amarasinghe, S. 107 60 3 2015
Balakumar, S.
Arasaratnam, V.
Weragoda, Janaka 508 9 1 2016
Seneviratne, Rohini
http://bmcresnotes.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13104-016-2314-x
Weerasinghe, Manuj C.
Wijeyaratne, SM
Sudasinghe, B H 149 61 4 2016
Ginige, P S
Wijeyaratne, C N
Premaratne, R 51-4 50 2 2005
Amarasinghe, A
Wickremasinghe, A R
Athuraliya, Nimmi T.C. 1212-1221 80 11 2011
http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0085253815549727
Abeysekera, Tilak D.J.
Amerasinghe, Priyanie H.
Kumarasiri, Ranjit
Bandara, Palitha
Karunaratne, Upul
Milton, Abul H.
Jones, Alison L.
Jayatilake, Nihal 180 14 1 2013
Mendis, Shanthi
http://bmcnephrol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2369-14-180
Maheepala, Palitha
Mehta, Firdosi R
CKDu National Research Project Team
isbn accession electronic abstract publisher
1464-549119183311 10.1111/j. AIMS: To determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and pre-diabetes (impaired fasting glu
1471-236925069485 10.1186/1 The recent emergence of an apparently new form of chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiol
1573-298320853020 10.1007/s The increase in the number of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients from the north central reg
1471-236921726464 10.1186/1 BACKGROUND The rising prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and subsequent end stage
1464-549119183311 10.1111/j. AIMS: To determine the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and pre-diabetes (impaired fasting glu
1471-245822630043 10.1186/1 BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus has reached epidemic proportions worldwide. South Asians a
10.4038/sjIntroduction: There is an exponential rise in the occurrence of diabetes during pregnancy in S
10.4038/jcIntroduction Chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology is a major health care problem in th
26203430 10.1186/s BACKGROUND

Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders
0904-251220070485 10.1111/j. BACKGROUND: The aim of this retrospective study was to analyse the relative prevalence and t
1532-097920871225 10.1097/P Controversy exists as to whether adenocarcinomas occurring in the gastroesophageal junctiona
15125404 10.4038/cm
OBJECTIVES: To ascertain if there has been a change in the pattern of thyroid cancer in Sri Lank
BMC Cancer
18590265 10.4038/cm
INTRODUCTION The prevalence and survival of colorectal cancer in Sri Lankans has not been p
27326317 10.4251/wjAt a time where the incidence of colorectal cancer, a disease predominantly of developed natio
10.4038/jccpsl.v22i1.8083
0009-087527031973 10.4038/cm
Paper Abstract Objectives Quantifying the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a community
10.1136/jech.2011.142976n.62
0029-2001\ 923199 10.2165/0 Physiologic changes that occur during pregnancy are diabetogenic. If diabetes does not exist be
Highest prevalence of CKDu occurs in the largest rice farming areas in Sri Lanka and it is reporte
10.1111/j. Introduction: Erectile dysfunction (ED), premature ejaculation (PE), and reduced libido are com
0917-504025787679 10.2188/j BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to identify the epidemiology of chronic kidney disease
29951551 10.1155/2 Diabetes
Hindawi
2230-821026693433 10.4103/2 INTRODUCTION: Approximately, 33% patients with diabetes are afflicted with onychomycosis. I
1941-247923188876 10.1177/1010539512464650
26628792 10.4103/0 Chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDU) is endemic among the rural farming comm
10.1007/s © 2015, Research Society for Study of Diabetes in India.Prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) h
HL, Ebrahim S, Khan AH, Clemens J, Kasturi Background: High blood pressure (BP) is the leading attributable risk factor for cardiovascular d
1758-599622642973 10.1186/1 Prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has reached epidemic proportions in Sri Lanka. Presently
1524-462826330444 10.1161/S Background and Purpose—Stroke is a leading cause of disability and death worldwide. In the a
28390330 10.4038/cm
Introduction Prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) is on the rise in Sri Lanka resulting in
22089806 Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing problem in Sri Lanka. Diabetes and hypertension are
1.76E+09 22650800 10.1186/1 Metabolic Syndrome (MS) increases the risk for Coronary Artery Disease, stroke and diabetes. M
1471-245822630043 10.1186/1 BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus has reached epidemic proportions worldwide. South Asians a
22650800 10.4038/sjObjective: To determine the province and ethnic specific pre
0125-156219058613 Oxidative and osmotic stress have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cataracts. Reactive o
10.1177/1 In developing countries the prevalence of diabetes mellitus is reported to be lower in rural area
28882173 10.1186/s OBJECTIVEBioMed

To determine
Centralrisk factors for chronic periodontitis in 30-60 year olds in Sri Lanka. Ca
1.11E+09 29513702 10.1371/joIn Sri Lanka, an endemic of chronic kidney disease of unknown origin (CKDu) is affecting rural c
1471-245828109251 10.1186/s BACKGROUND

BMC Public Health
1600-051X20653819 10.1111/j. To determine the prevalence of periodontitis in an urban population of Sri Lankans with type 2
0742-307122998091 10.1111/dTo describe the burden of diabetes mellitus and impaired fasting glucose in middle-aged reside
1932-620322348068 10.1371/joBACKGROUND: South-Asian's are predisposed to early onset type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The prev
1743-610918624974 10.1111/j. INTRODUCTION: Among men with diabetes, little attention has been given to premature ejacul
30005685 10.1186/s OBJECTIVESBioMed

MilitaryCentral
personnel, because of the unique nature of their duties, are reluctant to fa
19476560 10.1111/j. Background and Aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an emerging problem in the
16114771 OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of selected cardiovascular risk factors in adult Sri Lank
24053215 10.1186/1 BACKGROUND To study the prevalence and define deferential risk factors for 'Resistant' hyperte
26425479 10.4103/2 AIM: The prevalence and associated risk factors of metabolic syndrome (MS) among adults ove
modulating intracellular neuronal signal transduction pathways and
1875-890828582855 10.3233/J mitochondrial function.
10.1016/S0959-8049(Elsevier Ltd
10.1016/j.diabres.2006.07.006
0168-822716854493 10.1016/j.diabres.2006.06.001
10.1016/j.diabres.20 Elsevier B.V.
29084610 10.1186/s OBJECTIVE Colorectal cancer (CRC) burden is increasing in the south Asian region due to the ch
29703165 10.1186/s BACKGROUND A gradual decline in the incidence of breast cancer is documented in developed
15067982 In developing countries the prevalence of diabetes mellitus is reported to be lower in rural area
16898034 Diabetes mellitus, which was once considered a disease of the developed world, has become a
17571928 INTRODUCTION Walking barefoot is common in poorer developing countries which have large
18528678 10.1007/s AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Diabetes mellitus is increasing among young adult South Asians. The aim of
24223231 10.1371/joOBJECTIVE To identify the socio demographic, life style and foot examination related predictors
24588941 10.1186/1 BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes for complete loss of vision
25142615 10.1186/1 BACKGROUND At present there are no large scale nationally-representative studies from Sri Lan
26330444 10.1161/S BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Stroke is a leading cause of disability and death worldwide. In th
26520866 10.4038/cm
A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out to determine the prevalence and risk factors
27938397 10.1186/s BACKGROUND Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is an important global health problem and contr
28076942 10.4038/cm
Introduction GDM is a leading metabolic cause of morbidity to mother and offspring. Determin
16114768 OBJECTIVES To project hospitalisation trends due to selected non-communicable diseases (NCD
21832982 10.1038/kiThe global prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) of uncertain etiology may be underrepo
23981540 10.1186/1 BACKGROUND This study describes chronic kidney disease of uncertain aetiology (CKDu), which
e-diabetes (impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance) in adults in Sri Lanka. Projections for the year 2030 and factors assoc
dney disease of unknown aetiology (CKDu) has become a serious public health crisis in Sri Lanka. CKDu is slowly progressive, irreversible, a
tients from the north central region of Sri Lanka has become a environmental health issue of national concern. Unlike in other countries w
(CKD) and subsequent end stage renal failure necessitating renal replacement therapy has profound consequences for affected individuals
e-diabetes (impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance) in adults in Sri Lanka. Projections for the year 2030 and factors assoc
rtions worldwide. South Asians are known to have an increased predisposition for diabetes which has become an important health concern
f diabetes during pregnancy in South Asia. However data is sparse on the actual pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM) versus gestationa
major health care problem in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka. During the last decade several researches were undertaken to identi
yse the relative prevalence and the clinico-pathological characteristics of mandibular and maxillary ameloblastomas in Sri Lanka.\n\nMETH
n the gastroesophageal junctional region and gastric cardia originate in the esophagus or the stomach. Esophageal adenocarcinoma is know
ttern of thyroid cancer in Sri Lanka. If so, whether there is a correlation to the implementation of the programme of iodination.\n\nDESIGN:
er in Sri Lankans has not been previously reported. We did a retrospective and a prospective survey, in the region of North Colombo, Sri La
redominantly of developed nations, is showing a decline in those 50 years of age and older, data from the West is showing a rising incidenc
r disease (CVD) in a community is important in planning preventive strategies, but such data are limited from developing countries, especia
enic. If diabetes does not exist before pregnancy, it may become evident, and if diabetes pre-exists, it becomes aggravated. The changing in
reas in Sri Lanka and it is reported that approximately 99 % of CKDu patients are farmers (1) . It was reported that source of drinking water
(PE), and reduced libido are common yet poorly investigated complications of diabetes especially among South Asians (SA). Aim: To determ
miology of chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology in Sri Lanka.\n\nMETHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out by analyzing hea
e afflicted with onychomycosis. In the past, nondermatophyte molds have been regarded as opportunistic pathogens; recently, Aspergillus
c among the rural farming communities in several localities in and around the North Central region of Sri Lanka. This is an interstitial type re
ence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has reached epidemic proportions in Sri Lanka. We aim to systematically review the literature for studies on
le risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) globally, including in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). CVD mortality rates are espec
oportions in Sri Lanka. Presently there are studies on the community prevalence of distal peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in Sri Lanka. We des
y and death worldwide. In the absence of published population-based prevalence data, we investigated the prevalence and risk factors of
the rise in Sri Lanka resulting in high hospital mortality rates. Because of paucity of community based data on CAD we carried out this stud
. Diabetes and hypertension are the main contributors to the disease burden. A new form of CKD of uncertain etiology (CKD-u) is the predo
ry Disease, stroke and diabetes. MS is twice more common amongst South Asian immigrants in US compared to native Caucasians. There a
rtions worldwide. South Asians are known to have an increased predisposition for diabetes which has become an important health concern
province and ethnic specific prevalence and correlates of diabetes mellitus among Sri Lankan adults.Method: </em
ogenesis of cataracts. Reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI) mediate peroxidation of membrane lipids and cause irreversible damage to lens
eported to be lower in rural areas compared to urban areas. This difference has been attributed to lifestyle factors associated with the high
origin (CKDu) is affecting rural communities. The endemic has similarities with Mesoamerican Nephropathy (MeN) in Central America, how
lation of Sri Lankans with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and to compare the data with those from a population of adults without diabetes.
ng glucose in middle-aged residents (35-64 years) in an urban area of Sri Lanka.

pe 2 diabetes (T2DM). The prevalence of cardio-metabolic risk-factors in young Sri-Lankans is unknown.\n\nMETHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FIN
s been given to premature ejaculation (PE), reduced libido, and their associations with erectile dysfunction (ED), despite the presence of ph
D) is an emerging problem in the Asia-Pacific region. However, its prevalence and risk factors in Asian (especially South Asian) communities
ular risk factors in adult Sri Lankan population in four provinces. DESIGN Cross-sectional, based on a stratified cluster sampling method. SE
risk factors for 'Resistant' hypertension (RHT) in a hypertensive population of South Asian origin. METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional stu
yndrome (MS) among adults over 18 years old in Jaffna district. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was community-based cross-sectional descr
south Asian region due to the changing socio-economic landscape and population demographics. There is a lack of robust high quality data
cer is documented in developed countries especially over last two decades, while in developing countries the incidence continues to rise. W
eported to be lower in rural areas compared to urban areas. This difference has been attributed to lifestyle factors associated with the high
developed world, has become a worldwide pandemic, with two thirds of the global diabetic population living in the developing countries.
ping countries which have large rural populations. Although high rates of foot injury could be expected among those who walk barefoot, w
g adult South Asians. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and phenotypic characteristics of diabetes subtypes based on
ot examination related predictors of diabetic foot and leg ulcers with a view to develop a screening tool appropriate for the use in an outpa
causes for complete loss of vision among working-aged adults around the world. The present study aims to evaluate the rate of DR and its r
presentative studies from Sri Lanka on the prevalence and associations of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR). The present study aims to evaluate th
bility and death worldwide. In the absence of published population-based prevalence data, we investigated the prevalence and risk factors
e the prevalence and risk factors of diabetes mellitus among adults in Jaffna District. Multistage stratified cluster sampling technique was e
global health problem and contributes to notable proportion of morbidity and mortality. This particular manifestation of systemic atherosc
mother and offspring. Determining its prevalence is important for health planning and implementation. Objective Assess prevalence of GD
on-communicable diseases (NCD) from 2005 to 2010. DESIGN Morbidity data, maintained at the Medical Statistics Unit of the Ministry of H
rtain etiology may be underreported. Community-level epidemiological studies are few due to the lack of national registries and poor focus
ncertain aetiology (CKDu), which cannot be attributed to diabetes, hypertension or other known aetiologies, that has emerged in the Nort
the year 2030 and factors associated with diabetes and pre-diabetes are also presented. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conduc
lowly progressive, irreversible, and asymptomatic until late stages, and is not attributable to hypertension, diabetes, or other known aetiol
ern. Unlike in other countries where long-standing diabetes and hypertension are the leading causes of renal diseases, the majority of CKD
quences for affected individuals and health care resources. This community based study was conducted to identify potential predictors of m
the year 2030 and factors associated with diabetes and pre-diabetes are also presented. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conduc
me an important health concern in the region. We discuss the prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes in South Asia and explore the differ
mellitus (PGDM) versus gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) case-mix. The applicability of the WHO gold standard diagnostic tool – 7
rches were undertaken to identify the prevalence and aetiology of the disease. Fifteen manuscripts published in peer-reviewed scientific jo
lastomas in Sri Lanka.\n\nMETHODS: Clinico-pathological features of a total of 286 cases of ameloblastomas were analysed.\n\nRESULTS:
phageal adenocarcinoma is known to be strongly associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease; gastric adenocarcinoma with Helicobact
mme of iodination.\n\nDESIGN: Retrospective (1974-1986) and prospective (1987-2001).\n\nSETTING: Kandy Hospital (1974-1982), Perad
region of North Colombo, Sri Lanka between 1992 and 2004. The aim was to study cancer burden, sites of colorectal cancer and survival a
West is showing a rising incidence of this cancer in young individuals. Central to this has been the 75% increase in rectal cancer incidence in
om developing countries, especially South Asia. We aimed to estimate the risks of coronary heart disease (CHD), total CVD, and CVD mortal
mes aggravated. The changing insulin requirements and propensity for ketoacidosis require weekly visits and careful urine testing on a dail
ed that source of drinking water of CKDu patients are obtained from dug wells (92 %) a nd tube wells (08 %) (2) . Age of majority of the CKD
outh Asians (SA). Aim: To determine possible variations in prevalence and interassociations of ED, PE, and reduced libido among SA and Eur
was carried out by analyzing health statistics, and three cohort studies were conducted (n = 15 630, 3996, and 2809) to analyze the demog
pathogens; recently, Aspergillus species are considered as emerging pathogens of toenail infections. In Sri Lanka, the prevalence of Aspergi
anka. This is an interstitial type renal disease and typically has an insidious onset and slow progression. This study was conducted to identif
view the literature for studies on DM published by Sri Lankan authors and provide a comprehensive analysis of its prevalence, trends, and r
C). CVD mortality rates are especially high in rural South Asia due to weak health systems. The aim of our trial is to evaluate the effectivene
pathy (DPN) in Sri Lanka. We describe prevalence, patterns and predictors of DPN in patients with DM in Sri Lanka. Data were collected as p
e prevalence and risk factors of stroke in a population of varying urbanization in Sri Lanka. Methods—A population-based, cross-sectional s
on CAD we carried out this study to assess prevalence of CAD and associated factors in a suburban population in Southern Sri Lanka. Meth
tain etiology (CKD-u) is the predominant form of CKD in certain parts of Sri Lanka, threatening to reach epidemic proportions. A cross-sectio
ed to native Caucasians. There are no nationally representative studies on prevalence of MS from any of the South Asian countries. The pre
me an important health concern in the region. We discuss the prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes in South Asia and explore the differ
Method: A nationally representative sample of 5000 adults aged 18 years was selected by a multistage r
ause irreversible damage to lens proteins. The purpose of this study was to assess the changes in erythrocyte glucose- 6-phosphate dehydr
e factors associated with the higher socio-economic status of those living in urban areas. However, recent clinical observations indicate that
hy (MeN) in Central America, however it has not yet been clarified if the endemics are related diagnostic entities. We designed this study of
f adults without diabetes.

\nMETHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: To determine by questionnaire and anthropometry the prevalence of first degree family history (F
(ED), despite the presence of physical and psychologic factors that could predispose to all three. AIM: To estimate the prevalence and inter
cially South Asian) communities is poorly studied. In this study, the aim was to determine the community prevalence and risk factors for NA
fied cluster sampling method. SETTINGS Four provinces, namely the Western, North Central, Southern and Uva. PATIENTS Six thousand and
S A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among hypertensive patients attending clinics at the Cardiology Unit, Colombo from Ju
unity-based cross-sectional descriptive study. Multistage stratified cluster sampling technique was employed. An interviewer administered q
a lack of robust high quality data from this region in order to evaluate the disease pattern and comparison. Using generalized linear models
he incidence continues to rise. We conducted this study to examine trends in incidence of breast cancer in a developing country, Sri Lanka.
e factors associated with the higher socio-economic status of those living in urban areas. However, recent clinical observations indicate that
ing in the developing countries. Local studies show a definite upward trend in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus. The earliest available stu
ong those who walk barefoot, walking barefoot as a risk factor for diabetic foot disease is rarely documented in the literature. METHODS Tw
s of diabetes subtypes based on GAD65 autoantibody (GADA) status in those with young adult-onset diabetes in Sri Lanka. METHODS Clinic
propriate for the use in an outpatient setting. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This cross sectional study included type 2 diabetes mellitu
evaluate the rate of DR and its risk factors among the adults with young-onset diabetes from a tertiary care setting in Sri Lanka. METHODS
resent study aims to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors for DR in a community-based nationally-representative sample of adults with
the prevalence and risk factors of stroke in a population of varying urbanization in Sri Lanka. METHODS A population-based, cross-sectiona
cluster sampling technique was employed to select 544 participants. An interviewer administrated questionnaire was used. Anthropometric
anifestation of systemic atherosclerosis is largely under diagnosed and undertreated. For sustainable preventive strategies in a country, it is
bjective Assess prevalence of GDM in the District of Gampaha. Method Community based cross-sectional study was conducted in women a
tatistics Unit of the Ministry of Health, from 1981 to 2000, were used to model trends of hospitalisation due to diabetes mellitus, hyperten
ational registries and poor focus on the reporting of non-communicable diseases. Here we describe the prevalence of proteinuric-CKD and
es, that has emerged in the North Central region of Sri Lanka. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted, to determine the prevalen
ross-sectional study was conducted between 2005 and 2006. A nationally representative sample of 5000 adults aged >or= 18 years was sel
diabetes, or other known aetiologies. In response to the scope and severity of the emerging CKDu health crisis, the Sri Lanka Ministry of H
nal diseases, the majority of CKD patients from this part of Sri Lanka do not show any identifiable cause. As the disease is restricted to a rem
identify potential predictors of microalbuminuria in a randomly selected sample of adults from the North Central Province (NCP) of Sri Lan
ross-sectional study was conducted between 2005 and 2006. A nationally representative sample of 5000 adults aged >or= 18 years was sel
South Asia and explore the differential risk factors reported.\n\nMETHODS: Prevalence data were obtained by searching the Medline® data
ndard diagnostic tool – 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) – and its optimal timing between 24-28 weeks gestation in Sou
hed in peer-reviewed scientific journals and two peer reviewed abstracts of were included in the review. Results The disease mainly affects
as were analysed.\n\nRESULTS: Out of the 286 cases, 87.8% (251/286) of ameloblastomas occurred in the mandible, while 10.8% (31/286)
adenocarcinoma with Helicobacter pylori gastritis, and gastric intestinal metaplasia. This study evaluates the association of these tumors wi
ndy Hospital (1974-1982), Peradeniya Hospital (1982-2001) and private hospitals in Kandy (1979-2001).\n\nMETHOD: Three hundred cons
colorectal cancer and survival after surgery. PATIENTS AND METHODS The records of 175 patients with colorectal cancer between 1992 an
ease in rectal cancer incidence in the last four decades. Furthermore, predictive data based on mathematical modelling indicates a 124 per
CHD), total CVD, and CVD mortality in a Sri Lankan community. Methods A community survey was conducted in an urban health administra
nd careful urine testing on a daily basis by the mother. In addition, microvascular complications of diabetes must be carefully monitored. D
%) (2) . Age of majority of the CKDu patients are between 30 – 40 years and they are heavily exposed to agrochemicals as very little attentio
educed libido among SA and Europids with and without diabetes. Method: Men with diabetes and a randomly selected sample of age-mat
and 2809) to analyze the demographic information, age-specific prevalence, etiology, and stage of presentation. We screened 7604 individ
Lanka, the prevalence of Aspergillus species in onychomycosis among diabetics is not well documented.\n\nOBJECTIVE: To determine the p
s study was conducted to identify the pathological features in the different clinical stages of CKDU. This is a retrospective study of 251 renal
s of its prevalence, trends, and risk factors. Retrieval of diabetes-related research articles conducted in Sri Lanka was by a comprehensive s
ial is to evaluate the effectiveness and costeffectiveness of multicomponent intervention (MCI) on lowering BP among adults with hyperten
Lanka. Data were collected as part of a national study on DM. In new cases DPN was assessed using the Diabetic-Neuropathy-Symptom (D
pulation-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 2313 adults aged ≥18 years residing in Colombo, selected using a multistage, p
ation in Southern Sri Lanka. Methods A cross sectional descriptive study was carried out among community living adults aged 30 years or m
demic proportions. A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out over a three-month period at the National Hospital of Sri Lanka to id
e South Asian countries. The present study aims to evaluate the prevalence of MS among Sri Lankan adults and investigates its relationship
South Asia and explore the differential risk factors reported. METHODS: Prevalence data were obtained by searching the Medline(R) databa
rs was selected by a multistage random cluster sampling technique in this cross-sectional study conducted between 2005 and 2006.<p
yte glucose- 6-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme (G6PD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in the development of senile and diabetic ca
linical observations indicate that the prevalence of diabetes is on the increase even in the rural sector. The aims of the present study were
ntities. We designed this study of kidney biopsies from patients with CKDu in Sri Lanka to compare with MeN morphology. Eleven patients w
e of first degree family history (FH) of T2DM, physical inactivity, raised waist circumference (WC) and raised body mass index (BMI) in a rep
stimate the prevalence and inter-associations of ED, PE, and reduced libido among diabetic men and to describe the associated clinical, soc
revalence and risk factors for NAFLD among adults in an urban Sri Lankan population. Methods: The study population consisted of 35-64-y
Uva. PATIENTS Six thousand and forty seven participants (2692 men) between the age of 30 and 65 years were surveyed. MEASUREMENTS
ardiology Unit, Colombo from July-October 2009. All the patients with hypertension who provided informed written consent were recruite
d. An interviewer administered questionnaire was used to obtain the relevant information. Waist circumference (WC) and blood pressure (
Using generalized linear models assuming Poisson distribution and model fitting, authors describe the variation in the landscape of CRC bu
a developing country, Sri Lanka. METHODS A retrospective cohort evaluation of patients with breast cancer during 2001-2010 was perform
linical observations indicate that the prevalence of diabetes is on the increase even in the rural sector. The aims of the present study were
mellitus. The earliest available study on a rural community in 1990 reported a prevalence of 2.5%. The largest-ever study on the diabetes pr
ed in the literature. METHODS Two preliminary clinical studies were undertaken to investigate whether there is a causal link between walki
tes in Sri Lanka. METHODS Clinical, metabolic and GADA data were available for 992 consecutively recruited individuals with diabetes aged
included type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients; 88 subjects with leg and foot ulcers and 80 non ulcer controls. Socio demographic data an
e setting in Sri Lanka. METHODS A consecutive sample of 1,007 individuals referred from multiple centers, were invited for the study. Opht
esentative sample of adults with self-reported diabetes mellitus from Sri Lanka. METHODS A cross-sectional community-based national stu
population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 2313 adults aged ≥18 years residing in Colombo, selected using a multistage
nnaire was used. Anthropometric and blood pressure (BP) measurements were recorded and biochemical parameters were analysed. Resp
ntive strategies in a country, it is mandatory to identify country-specific risk factors. We intended to assess the risk factors of PAD among ad
tudy was conducted in women attending field-based ante-natal clinics in two Medical Officer of Health (MOH) areas between January 201
ue to diabetes mellitus, hypertensive disease and ischaemic heart disease. Linear and quadratic trends were used to model morbidity trend
evalence of proteinuric-CKD and disease characteristics of three rural populations in the North Central, Central, and Southern Provinces of
cted, to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for CKDu. Arsenic, cadmium, lead, selenium, pesticides and other elements were ana
dults aged >or= 18 years was selected by a multi-stage random cluster sampling technique. Fasting plasma glucose was tested in all particip
crisis, the Sri Lanka Ministry of Health and the World Health Organization initiated a collaborative research project from 2009 through 2012
s the disease is restricted to a remarkably specific geographical terrain, particularly in the north central dry zone of the country, multidiscipl
Central Province (NCP) of Sri Lanka, where the burden of CKD is pronounced and the underlying cause still unknown. METHODS Exposures
dults aged >or= 18 years was selected by a multi-stage random cluster sampling technique. Fasting plasma glucose was tested in all particip
d by searching the Medline® database with; 'prediabetes' and 'diabetes mellitus' (MeSH major topic) and 'Epidemology/EP' (MeSH subhead
een 24-28 weeks gestation in South Asians is unknown. Objective: To assess optimal timing for diagnosis, determine the case-mix of PGD
sults The disease mainly affects males from poor socio-economic backgrounds who are involved in paddy farming . Mild proteinuria was p
mandible, while 10.8% (31/286) occurred in the maxilla indicating a ratio of 8:1. In the mandible, 54% (136/251), 40% (100/251) and 6% (1
e association of these tumors with pathologic findings in the biopsies of the gastric body and the antrum. It is hypothesized that if these m
nMETHOD: Three hundred consecutive patients with cancer of the thyroid seen over 28 years (1974-2001) period were reviewed for demo
orectal cancer between 1992 and 1997 in the selected region of were analysed retrospectively. A prospective study was performed in 220
cal modelling indicates a 124 percent rise in the incidence of rectal cancer by the year 2030 - a statistic that calls for collective global thoug
ed in an urban health administrative area among individuals aged 35-64 years, selected by stratified random sampling. Their 10-year CHD, t
must be carefully monitored. Delivery is planned progressively early in the pregnancy according to diabetic class. Hospitalization is necess
ochemicals as very little attention is given to hazardous effects on human health (2) . Our preliminary investigations revealed that significan
omly selected sample of age-matched nondiabetic men from 25 general practitioners in eight primary care trusts in the United Kingdom we
ation. We screened 7604 individuals for chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology.\n\nRESULTS: The results showed that the male:femal
nOBJECTIVE: To determine the proportion of Aspergillus onychomycosis, risk factors and knowledge among diabetics.\n\nMATERIALS AND
retrospective study of 251 renal biopsies identified to have a primary interstitial disease from regions endemic for CKDU. Pathological featu
Lanka was by a comprehensive systematic search of the literature in the following medical bibliographical databases: PubMed, Web of Scie
g BP among adults with hypertension in rural communities in Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. The comparator will be usual care. We re
iabetic-Neuropathy-Symptom (DNS) score, while in those with established diabetes both DNS and Toronto-Clinical-Scoring-System (TCSS) w
bo, selected using a multistage, probability proportionate-to-size, cluster sampling technique. Data were collected using an interviewer-adm
living adults aged 30 years or more in Bope-Poddala Medical Officer of Health (MOH) area. Total of 1000 eligible individuals were recruite
ational Hospital of Sri Lanka to identify the underlying etiologic factors for the disease in a cohort of patients with CKD. A total of 200 patien
s and investigates its relationships with socio-demographic, clinical and biochemical parameters. Data on MS and its associated details were
searching the Medline(R) database with; 'prediabetes' and 'diabetes mellitus' (MeSH major topic) and 'Epidemology/EP' (MeSH subheadin
between 2005 and 2006.Results: Response rate was 91% (n=4532), males were 40%, age 46.1&plu
opment of senile and diabetic cataracts. The activity of erythrocyte G6PD and the concentration of GSH were measured to assess changes
aims of the present study were to objectively assess whether the prevalence of diabetes has increased in a named rural community in Sri
N morphology. Eleven patients with CKDu were recruited at the General Hospital, Polonnaruwa, using similar inclusion and exclusion criter
d body mass index (BMI) in a representative healthy urban population selected by cluster sampling. Those with ≥ 2 risk-factors were evaluat
scribe the associated clinical, socioeconomic, and lifestyle parameters. METHODS: Cross-sectional observational study of 253 men with typ
population consisted of 35-64-year-old adults, selected by stratified random sampling. NAFLD was diagnosed on established ultrasound cri
were surveyed. MEASUREMENTS Risk factors measured included height, weight, waist and hip circumference. Waist to hip ratio and body m
d written consent were recruited to the study (n = 277). A pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection.
rence (WC) and blood pressure (BP) measurements were recorded. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and triacy
iation in the landscape of CRC burden along time since 1997 at a regional tertiary care center in Sri Lanka. RESULTS Analyzing 679 patients,
er during 2001-2010 was performed using population based data from the Sri Lanka National Cancer Registry. Trends in incidence were ana
aims of the present study were to objectively assess whether the prevalence of diabetes has increased in a named rural community in Sri
est-ever study on the diabetes prevalence in Sri Lanka was published in 2005. It showed a prevalence of 14.2% among males and 13.5% am
re is a causal link between walking barefoot and diabetic foot ulcers. The first study investigated whether being barefoot was a factor in ini
ed individuals with diabetes aged < or =45 years (age at diagnosis 16-40 years). Participants were classified according to the following defin
rols. Socio demographic data and life style factors were documented. Foot was examined for skin changes and structural abnormalities. Di
were invited for the study. Ophthalmological evaluation was done, with dilated indirect ophthalmoscopy by an Ophthalmologist. Retinopa
al community-based national study among 5,000 adults (≥18 years) was conducted in Sri Lanka, using a multi-stage stratified cluster samplin
mbo, selected using a multistage, probability proportionate-to-size, cluster sampling technique. Data were collected using an interviewer-a
parameters were analysed. Response rate was 95.3%. Of them, 224 (43.8%) were male. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 16.4% (95%
the risk factors of PAD among adults aged 40-74 years. METHODS This case control study was conducted in 2012-2013 in Sri Lanka. Seventy
OH) areas between January 2014 to March 2015. Consecutive women were recruited by cluster sampling with probability proportionate to
e used to model morbidity trends. RESULTS For all three diseases considered, the increase in the incidence of hospitalisation is exponential
ntral, and Southern Provinces of Sri Lanka. Patients were selected using the random cluster sampling method and those older than 19 years
es and other elements were analysed in biological samples from individuals with CKDu and compared with age- and sex-matched controls i
glucose was tested in all participants and a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test was performed in non-diabetic subjects. Prevalence was estima
project from 2009 through 2012 to investigate CKDu prevalence and aetiology. The objective of this paper is to discuss the recently publish
zone of the country, multidisciplinary in-depth research studies are required to identify possible etiologies and risk factors. During this stud
unknown. METHODS Exposures to possible risk factors were determined in randomly recruited subjects (425 females and 461 males) from
glucose was tested in all participants and a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test was performed in non-diabetic subjects. Prevalence was estima
pidemology/EP' (MeSH subheading). Search limits were articles in English, between 01/01/1980-31/12/2011, on human adults (≥19 years)
, determine the case-mix of PGDM and GDM and their specific risk profiles, insulin needs and pregnancy outcomes among Sri Lankans. M
farming . Mild proteinuria was present but urinary sediments were normal. Renal biopsies were reported as interstitial nephritis. Significan
6/251), 40% (100/251) and 6% (15/251) of tumours and in the maxilla, 23% (7/31), 48% (15/31) and 29% (9/31) of tumours were solid/mul
t is hypothesized that if these malignancies are esophageal, they should have little or no significant association with gastric pathology; if th
period were reviewed for demography, histopathology and extent of spread at presentation. Seventy one patients of this group had a pre-
tive study was performed in 220 new patients with colorectal cancer between 1996 and 2004. Data evaluated were demographics, tumour
t calls for collective global thought and action. While predominance of colorectal cancer (CRC) is likely to be in that part of the large bowel
m sampling. Their 10-year CHD, total CVD, and CVD mortality risks were estimated using three risk prediction tools: National Cholesterol Ed
c class. Hospitalization is necessary one week before anticipated delivery. Urinary estriol tests, OCT, amniocentesis, and ultrasound are all h
tigations revealed that significantly higher percentage of CKDu patients (p<0.05) showed spotty pigmentations on their soles and palms. H
trusts in the United Kingdom were invited to participate in a linguistically validated questionnaire-based study in English, Hindi, Urdu, Panja
ults showed that the male:female ratio was 2.4:1, the mean age of patients was 54.7 ± 8 years, 92% of the patients were farmers, and 93%
g diabetics.\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS: This was descriptive cross-sectional study. Three hundred diabetic patients were included. Clin
emic for CKDU. Pathological features were assessed and graded in relation to the clinical stage. The mean age of those affected by endemic
databases: PubMed, Web of Science, SciVerse Scopus, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library. Studies published before January 6, 2012 was include
mparator will be usual care. We report the trial design and the baseline characteristics of the participants recruited. Methods/Design: A mul
-Clinical-Scoring-System (TCSS) were used. A binary logistic-regression analysis was performed with 'presence of DPN' as the dichomatous d
ollected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Ever diagnosis of stroke was confirmed by medical doctors based on World Healt
eligible individuals were recruited using cluster sampling. Cardiovascular Questionnaire of London School of Hygiene was administered to e
s with CKD. A total of 200 patients were studied with a mean age of 50.57 years. Of them, 108 (54%) were in CKD stage V. Majority of the p
MS and its associated details were obtained from a population-based cross-sectional study conducted between years 2005-2006. MS was de
demology/EP' (MeSH subheading). Search limits were articles in English, between 01/01/1980-31/12/2011, on human adults (>/=19 years)
, males were 40%, age 46.1±15.1 years (mean ±SD). The age-sex standardized prevalence (95% CI) of diabetes for Sri Lank
ere measured to assess changes in oxidation-reduction status. The oxidation-reduction status of 26 non-diabetic non-cataract (control) sub
a named rural community in Sri Lanka during a period of ten years and whether there has been a change in the socio-economic status of th
lar inclusion and exclusion criteria as our previous MeN studies. Inclusion criteria were 20–65 years of age and plasma creatinine 100–220
with ≥ 2 risk-factors were evaluated for metabolic syndrome (MS) and recruited for an intervention trial. Of 23,296 participants screened, 2
tional study of 253 men with type 2 diabetes randomly selected from a clinic in Colombo, Sri Lanka. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Erectile f
ed on established ultrasound criteria for fatty liver, safe alcohol consumption (< 14 units/week for men, < 7 units/week for females) and ab
ce. Waist to hip ratio and body mass index were calculated, and overweight (23 kg/m2) and obesity (> or = 25 kg/m2) determined. Hyperte
ire was used for data collection. A binary logistic-regression analysis was performed in all patients with 'presence of RHT' as the dichotomo
sity lipoprotein (HDL), and triacylglycerols were analyzed by the enzymatic colorimetric assay using semi-automated analyzer (Teco Diagno
RESULTS Analyzing 679 patients, it is observed that both colon and rectal cancers have significantly increased over time (pre 2000-61, 2000
ry. Trends in incidence were analysed using Joinpoint regression analysis. RESULTS The age standardized incidence of female breast cancer
a named rural community in Sri Lanka during a period of ten years and whether there has been a change in the socio-economic status of th
2% among males and 13.5% among females. The World Health Organisation and the International Diabetic Federation estimates and forec
being barefoot was a factor in initiating foot ulceration. In the second study, 204 consecutive diabetic outpatients were studied to further in
according to the following definitions: type 1 diabetes, insulin-dependent <6 months from diagnosis; latent autoimmune diabetes in adults
and structural abnormalities. Distal peripheral neuropathy was assessed by pressure sense, vibration sense and joint position sense. Multiv
by an Ophthalmologist. Retinopathy was classified according to the International Clinical DR Disease Severity Scale. An interviewer-administ
lti-stage stratified cluster sampling technique. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Ophthalmological evalu
collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Ever diagnosis of stroke was confirmed by medical doctors based on World He
diabetes mellitus was 16.4% (95% CI: 13.3- 19.9); in males 19.6% (95% CI: 14.6-25.4) and in females 13.9% (95% CI: 10.1-18.5). Of the diabe
n 2012-2013 in Sri Lanka. Seventy-nine cases and 158 controls in the age group of 40-74 years were selected for the study in order to have c
with probability proportionate to size using strict exclusion criteria. GDM diagnosis was based on fasting 75 g OGTT, WHO 1999. All respond
of hospitalisation is exponential. An increase is estimated in the incidence of hospitalisation by 36%, 40% and 29% due to diabetes mellitu
od and those older than 19 years of age were screened for persistent dipstick proteinuria. The prevalence of proteinuric-CKD in the Medaw
age- and sex-matched controls in the endemic and non-endemic areas. Food, water, soil and agrochemicals from both areas were analysed
subjects. Prevalence was estimated for those > 20 years of age. RESULTS: Response rate was 91% (n = 4532), males 40%, age 46.1 +/- 15.1
is to discuss the recently published findings of this investigation and present additional considerations and recommendations that may enh
and risk factors. During this study, population screening in the prevalent region and outside the region, analysis of geoenvironmental and b
25 females and 461 males) from selected areas of the NCP of Sri Lanka using an interviewer administered questionnaire. Sulphosalicylic ac
subjects. Prevalence was estimated for those > 20 years of age. RESULTS: Response rate was 91% (n = 4532), males 40%, age 46.1 +/- 15.1
11, on human adults (≥19 years). The conjunction of the above results was narrowed down with country names.\n\nRESULTS: The most re
utcomes among Sri Lankans. Method: Prospective data was collected from consecutive women diagnosed with diabetes in pregnancy, a
s interstitial nephritis. Significant predictors of kidney disease in these patients included age, history of smoking, being under treatment fo
9/31) of tumours were solid/multicystic ameloblastomas (SMA), unicystic ameloblastomas (UA) and desmoplastic ameloblastomas (DA) res
ation with gastric pathology; if they are gastric, these patients should have a high prevalence of gastric pathology. Between 2004 and 2008,
patients of this group had a pre-existing goitre of greater than 10 years' duration and were similarly reviewed.\n\nRESULTS: A highly signifi
ed were demographics, tumour stage and survival. RESULTS Between 1992 and 1997 the crude annual incidence of colorectal cancer was 1
e in that part of the large bowel distal to the splenic flexure, which makes flexible sigmoidoscopic examination an ideal screening tool, the c
on tools: National Cholesterol Education Program -Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III), Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE), an
centesis, and ultrasound are all helpful in managing the pregnancy. Delivery of the fetus and placenta results in a profound fall in the insuli
tions on their soles and palms. However it was also confirmed that it is different from characteristic pigmentations observed among people
udy in English, Hindi, Urdu, Panjabi, Tamil, and Sinhala languages. Main Outcome Measures: ED, assessed by International Index of Erectile
patients were farmers, and 93% consumed water from shallow dug wells. Familial occurrence was common (36%). The prevalence of chron
betic patients were included. Clinical examinations of patients' toenails were performed by a clinical microbiologist. Laboratory identificatio
ge of those affected by endemic CKDU was 37.3 ± 12.5 years and the male to female ratio was 3.3:1. The predominant feature of stage I di
ore January 6, 2012 was included. Search terms used were “Sri Lanka,” “Lanka,” “Ceylon,” “pre-diabetes,” “diabetes,” “type-2 diabetes,” “ty
cruited. Methods/Design: A multi-country, cluster randomized controlled trial with 15 clusters randomized to MCI and 15 to usual care, stra
nce of DPN' as the dichomatous dependent variable and other independent co-variants. The study included 528 diabetic patients (191-new
al doctors based on World Health Organization criteria and corroborated by documental evidence. Results—Of the total population (52.4%
f Hygiene was administered to each participant by trained data collectors. CAD was diagnosed using criteria by Epstein and colleagues and
in CKD stage V. Majority of the patients were from the western province (137, 68.5%) with only five (2.5%) from provinces with high preva
een years 2005-2006. MS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. A binary logistic regression analysis was p
, on human adults (>/=19 years). The conjunction of the above results was narrowed down with country names. RESULTS: The most recent
(95% CI) of diabetes for Sri Lankans aged  20 years has been previously published as 10.3% (9.4-11.2%) [males 9.8% (8.4-11.2%), females
abetic non-cataract (control) subjects were compared with 24 diabetic non-cataract, 30 diabetic cataract and 28 non-diabetic cataract subje
n the socio-economic status of the community during this period. The study was conducted on a sample of 220 subjects randomly selected
and plasma creatinine 100–220 μmol/L. Exclusion criteria were diabetes mellitus, uncontrolled hypertension and albuminuria >1g/24h. Kid
23,296 participants screened, 22,507 (53% Female) were eligible [8,497 aged 10-14 yrs, 4,763 aged 15-19 yrs and 9,247 aged 20-40 yrs]. 5
OUTCOME MEASURES: Erectile function was assessed using the five-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function scale. The p
7 units/week for females) and absence of hepatitis B and C markers. Blood pressure (BP) and anthropometric measurements were made, a
25 kg/m2) determined. Hypertension (systolic blood pressure > or = 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure > or = 90 mmHg or use of anti-h
esence of RHT' as the dichotomous dependent variable and other independent co-variants. RESULTS Mean age was 61 ± 10.3 years and 50.
utomated analyzer (Teco Diagnostics TC-3300). International Diabetic Federation guideline for Asians was used to identify MS. RESULTS: Sam
ed over time (pre 2000-61, 2000 to 2004-178, 2005 to 2009-190, 2010 to 2014-250; P < 0.05). Majority of the cancers were left sided (82%
cidence of female breast cancer in Sri Lanka appears to have increased from 17.3 per 100,000 in 2001 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 16
n the socio-economic status of the community during this period. The study was conducted on a sample of 220 subjects randomly selected
c Federation estimates and forecasts are much lower than the available local prevalence rates, and what may be predicted from the prevale
atients were studied to further investigate the association between diabetic foot disease and walking barefoot. RESULTS In the first study, o
t autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA), GADA-positive, age > or =30 years and insulin-independent > or =6 months from diagnosis; type 2
e and joint position sense. Multivariate analysis by logistic regression was used to determine the significant predictors in screening for foot
y Scale. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic and anthropometric details. Seated blood press
ect data. Ophthalmological evaluation of patients with 'known' diabetes (previously diagnosed at a government hospital or by a registered m
dical doctors based on World Health Organization criteria and corroborated by documental evidence. RESULTS Of the total population (52.4
(95% CI: 10.1-18.5). Of the diabetics, 27.4% were previously undiagnosed. In the final multivariable model, participants with family history
d for the study in order to have case to control ratio 1:2. The criterion for selecting cases and control was based on Ankle brachial pressure
g OGTT, WHO 1999. All responders underwent 2 hr PPBS in first trimester- >200 mg/dl with symptoms identified as abnormal, probably di
and 29% due to diabetes mellitus, hypertensive disease and ischaemic heart disease, respectively, in 2010 as compared to 2005. The greate
of proteinuric-CKD in the Medawachchiya region (North Central) was 130 of 2600 patients, 68 of 709 patients in the Yatinuwara region (Cen
ls from both areas were analysed for heavy metals. RESULTS The age-standardised prevalence of CKDu was 12.9% (95% confidence interval
2), males 40%, age 46.1 +/- 15.1 years (mean +/- standard deviation). The age-sex standardized prevalence (95% confidence interval) of dia
recommendations that may enhance subsequent investigations designed to identify and understand CKDu risk factors in Sri Lanka or other
alysis of geoenvironmental and biochemical samples were carried out. Population screening that was carried out using a multistage sampli
questionnaire. Sulphosalicylic acid and the Light Dependent Resister microalbumin gel filtration method was used for initial screening for m
2), males 40%, age 46.1 +/- 15.1 years (mean +/- standard deviation). The age-sex standardized prevalence (95% confidence interval) of dia
ames.\n\nRESULTS: The most recent reported prevalence of pre-diabetes:diabetes in regional countries were; Bangladesh-4.7%:8.5% (200
ed with diabetes in pregnancy, at the Professorial Unit, De Soysa Hospital, Colombo from 1st January 2010, - 28th Feb 2011. All were scree
oking, being under treatment for hypertension and drinking well water in the fields. Studies on heavy metal and ochratoxin exposure have
plastic ameloblastomas (DA) respectively. No gender predilection was observed in mandibular or maxillary ameloblastomas. Most of the le
ology. Between 2004 and 2008, 234 patients were diagnosed with high-grade dysplasia (HGD) and/or adenocarcinoma; 107 were distal eso
wed.\n\nRESULTS: A highly significant reduction of anaplastic thyroid cancer and a highly significant reduction in the extent of extra-thyroid
dence of colorectal cancer was 1.9 per 100,000, which increased over the years. The current national crude annual incidence is 3.2 per 100
tion an ideal screening tool, the cost and benefit of mass screening in young people remain unknown. In countries where the incidence of y
nary Risk Evaluation (SCORE), and World Health Organisation/ International Society of Hypertension (WHO/ISH) charts. Results Among stud
ts in a profound fall in the insulin requirement. The neonate should be carefully observed during the first few days of life because of the in
tations observed among people in Bangladesh due to chronic arsenic toxicity (fig. 1) (4) . This was the main reason to concentrate our work
by International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), PE, evaluated using the Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool, and libido, assessed by as
n (36%). The prevalence of chronic kidney disease in different age groups was 3% in those aged 30-40 years; 7% in those aged 41-50 years,
iologist. Laboratory identification was done, and pathogens were identified to the species level by morpho-physiological methods. All infer
redominant feature of stage I disease was mild and moderate interstitial fibrosis; most did not have interstitial inflammation. The typical st
“diabetes,” “type-2 diabetes,” “type-1 diabetes,” “diabetes mellitus,” “dysglycaemia,” and “glucose intolerance”. Studies not in English, conf
to MCI and 15 to usual care, stratified by country and cluster distance from the government clinic. A cluster is defined by 250-300 househo
d 528 diabetic patients (191-new cases), with a mean age of 55.0 ± 12.4 years and 37.3% were males, while 18% were from urban areas. Pr
—Of the total population (52.4% women; mean age, 44.2 years; SD, 16.6), the prevalence of stroke was 10.4 per 1000 (95% confidence inte
a by Epstein and colleagues and electrocardiograms were classified according to the Minnesota code by a Cardiologist blinded to participan
from provinces with high prevalence of CKD-u. The most common underlying causes of CKD were diabetes (88, 44%) and hypertension (34
logistic regression analysis was performed using the dichotomous variable MS (0 = absent, 1 = present). The independent co-variants were
ames. RESULTS: The most recent reported prevalence of pre-diabetes:diabetes in regional countries were; Bangladesh-4.7%:8.5% (2004-20
males 9.8% (8.4-11.2%), females 10.9% (9.7-12.1%), P=0.129). There was a marked variation in the province specific prevalence of diabetes
nd 28 non-diabetic cataract subjects. The results revealed that the GSH and G6PD levels of the subjects with senile cataracts were significan
220 subjects randomly selected from an adult population of 25,605 residents in a rural area in central Sri Lanka. Each of these subjects had
on and albuminuria >1g/24h. Kidney biopsies, blood and urine samples were collected, and participants answered a questionnaire. Include
yrs and 9,247 aged 20-40 yrs]. 51% had none of the 4 risk-factors, 26% 1 risk-factor and 23% (5,163) ≥ 2 risk-factors of whom 4,532 were a
of Erectile Function scale. The presence of PE, reduced libido, sociodemographic, and lifestyle data was obtained using an interviewer-adm
ric measurements were made, and fasting glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, serum lipids, fasting serum insulin and serum alanine aminotr
e > or = 90 mmHg or use of anti-hypertensive medications), and diabetes mellitus (fasting serum plasma glucose level > or = 7 mmol/L or us
age was 61 ± 10.3 years and 50.2% were males. The mean of average systolic and diastolic blood pressures (BP) were 133.04 ± 12.91 mmH
used to identify MS. RESULTS: Sample response rate was 95.3% and of them, 43.8% (n = 224) was male. The prevalence of central obesity (W
he cancers were left sided (82%) while 77% were rectosigmoid. Over 25% of all CRC were diagnosed in patients less than 50 years and the
% confidence interval [95% CI] 16.5-18.2) to 24.7 per 100,000 in 2010 (95% CI 23.7-25.7); a 1.4-fold increase (p < 0.05) with an estimated an
220 subjects randomly selected from an adult population of 25,605 residents in a rural area in central Sri Lanka. Each of these subjects had
ay be predicted from the prevalence rates in South India. Further research is necessary to investigate the exact underlying mechanisms for
oot. RESULTS In the first study, of the 75 consecutive diabetics admitted for foot ulceration of less than 4 weeks, 32 (42.4%) had foot ulcers
6 months from diagnosis; type 2 diabetes, GADA-negative and insulin-independent > or =6 months from diagnosis. RESULTS The median (in
predictors in screening for foot ulcers. RESULTS Education of grade 6 and below (OR--1.41, 95% CI; 1.03-4.68), low income (OR--23.3, 95%
metric details. Seated blood pressure, Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), HbA1c and urine microalbumin were also measured. Data were analysed
ment hospital or by a registered medical practitioner) was done using indirect ophthalmoscopy. A binary-logistic regression analysis was per
LTS Of the total population (52.4% women; mean age, 44.2 years; SD, 16.6), the prevalence of stroke was 10.4 per 1000 (95% confidence in
, participants with family history of diabetes were 3.5 times (p<0.001) more likely and those with high waist hip ratio were 2 times (p=0.009
ased on Ankle brachial pressure index (ABPI). Cases were selected from those who had ABPI 0.85 or less (ABPI ≤0.85) in either lower limb.
ntified as abnormal, probably diabetes in pregnancy (DIP); those >120 and <200 mg/dl proceeded to OGTT before 16 weeks POA; all negati
as compared to 2005. The greatest burden and the largest increase in the rate of hospitalisation will be due to hypertensive disease. CONC
nts in the Yatinuwara region (Central), and 66 of 2844 patients in the Hambantota region (Southern). The mean ages of these patients with
12.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 11.5% to 14.4%) in males and 16.9% (95% CI = 15.5% to 18.3%) in females. Severe stages of CKDu w
(95% confidence interval) of diabetes for Sri Lankans aged >or= 20 years was 10.3% (9.4-11.2%) [males 9.8% (8.4-11.2%), females 10.9% (9
u risk factors in Sri Lanka or other countries.
ed out using a multistage sampling technique indicated that the point prevalence of CKD with uncertain etiology is about 2-3% among thos
as used for initial screening for microalbuminuria and reconfirmed by the Micral strip test. RESULTS Microalbumnuria was detected in 6.1%
(95% confidence interval) of diabetes for Sri Lankans aged >or= 20 years was 10.3% (9.4-11.2%) [males 9.8% (8.4-11.2%), females 10.9% (9
ere; Bangladesh-4.7%:8.5% (2004-2005;Rural), India-4.6%:12.5% (2007;Rural); Maldives-3.0%:3.7% (2004;National), Nepal-19.5%:9.5% (20
, - 28th Feb 2011. All were screened by an initial 2 hour post prandial (PPBS) at antenatal booking and risk stratified to determine the optim
al and ochratoxin exposure have revealed conflicting results. Fluoride content of well water in all these areas exceeded the WHO recommen
ameloblastomas. Most of the lesions were observed in 2nd to 5th decade of life (mean age 33.2 years). No differences between mandibul
nocarcinoma; 107 were distal esophageal, 79 straddled the distal end of the tubular esophagus, and 48 were in the "gastric cardia." Simulta
on in the extent of extra-thyroidal spread at presentation of differentiated thyroid cancer were observed after 1995. In malignancy superve
e annual incidence is 3.2 per 100,000 in women and 4.9 in men. Median age at presentation was 60 years with similar prevalence of cance
ountries where the incidence of young CRC is as high as 35% to 50%, the available data do not seem to indicate that the disease in young pe
/ISH) charts. Results Among study participants (n=2985), 54.5% were females, and mean age (SD) was 52.4 (7.8) years. According to NCEP-
ew days of life because of the increased frequency of complications.
n reason to concentrate our work on investigation of arsenic content in urine and hair of CKDu cases (4-6) . Analysis of urine and hair of 348
c Tool, and libido, assessed by asking participants to grade their desire for sexual activity. Results: Sample size was 510 (SA: 184, Europid: 32
s; 7% in those aged 41-50 years, 20% in those aged 51-60 years, and 29% in those older than 60 years. Chronic kidney disease of uncertain
-physiological methods. All inferential statistics were tested at P < 0.05.\n\nRESULTS: Among clinically suspected patients, 85% (255/300) w
titial inflammation. The typical stage II disease had moderate interstitial fibrosis with or without mild interstitial inflammation. Stage III dise
nce”. Studies not in English, conference proceedings, and abstracts were excluded. The number of studies included in the present systemati
r is defined by 250-300 households. Participants: Individuals aged 40 years or older with hypertension (systolic BP >=140 mm Hg or diastol
18% were from urban areas. Prevalence of DPN according to DNS score among all patients, patients with already established diabetes and
4 per 1000 (95% confidence interval, 6.3–14.5) with a 2:1 male:female ratio. Beyond the age of 65 years, the prevalence was higher by 6-fo
Cardiologist blinded to participant details Results Total of 579 (57.9%) females and 421 (42.1%) males were studied. Mean age of the group
s (88, 44%) and hypertension (34, 17%). However, in patients younger than 40 years of age the most common cause was glomerulonephriti
he independent co-variants were: gender, age category, area of residence, ethnicity, level of education, income and physical activity. Sample
Bangladesh-4.7%:8.5% (2004-2005;Rural), India-4.6%:12.5% (2007;Rural); Maldives-3.0%:3.7% (2004;National), Nepal-19.5%:9.5% (2007;U
e specific prevalence of diabetes with the highest (18.6%) in the Western and the lowest (6.8%) in the Uva provinces. The monthly income,
h senile cataracts were significantly lower than the subjects without cataracts. The present study reveals the risk of developing senile catar
Lanka. Each of these subjects had the fasting blood sugar estimated and the height, weight, resting blood pressure and socio-economic par
nswered a questionnaire. Included participants were between 27–61 years of age and had a mean eGFR of 38±14 ml/min/1.73m2. Main fin
k-factors of whom 4,532 were assessed for MS. Raised BMI was noted in 19.7% aged 10-14 yrs, 15.3% between 15-19 yrs, and between 20
btained using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Clinical data were obtained from relevant physical examination, patient records, a
sulin and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were determined. Results: Of the 2985 study participants, 974 (32.6%) had NAFLD (605 [62
ucose level > or = 7 mmol/L or use of anti-diabetic medications) and impaired fasting glycaemia (> or = 6.1 to < 7 mmol/L) were also determ
s (BP) were 133.04 ± 12.91 mmHg and 81.07 ± 6.41 mmHg respectively. Uncontrolled BP was present in 41.1% (n = 114) of patients, of whic
e prevalence of central obesity (WC for male >/=90 cm, female >/=80 cm) was 23.9%. Raised FPG (>/=100 mg/dL, or previously diagnosed d
tients less than 50 years and the median age at diagnosis is < 62 years. Increasing trend is seen in the stage at presentation while 33% of th
e (p < 0.05) with an estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) of 4.4 (95% CI 3.3-5.5). Highest incidence of breast cancer was seen amon
Lanka. Each of these subjects had the fasting blood sugar estimated and the height, weight, resting blood pressure and socio-economic par
xact underlying mechanisms for the South Asian epidemic. Wider preventive programmes need to be urgently implemented to stem the ti
eeks, 32 (42.4%) had foot ulcers resulting from injuries by sharp or hard objects. Of those injured, 27 (84%) were barefoot at the time of th
agnosis. RESULTS The median (interquartile range) age at diagnosis and diabetes duration were 33.0 (29.0-36.1) and 4.0 (1.1-7.1) years, res
68), low income (OR--23.3, 95% CI; 1.5-34.0), impaired vibration sense (OR--24.79, 95% CI; 9.3-66.2), abnormal monofilament test on first
o measured. Data were analysed using SPSSv14. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed in all patients, with 'presence of DR' as
gistic regression analysis was performed with 'presence of DR' as the dichotomous dependent variable and other independent covariates. R
10.4 per 1000 (95% confidence interval, 6.3-14.5) with a 2:1 male:female ratio. Beyond the age of 65 years, the prevalence was higher by 6-
t hip ratio were 2 times (p=0.009) more likely to develop diabetes mellitus.
ABPI ≤0.85) in either lower limb. Controls were selected from those ABPI score between 1.18 and 1.28 in both lower limbs. Only newly iden
T before 16 weeks POA; all negatives were tested by OGTT between 24-28 weeks. Negatives for GDM at 24-28 weeks underwent OGTT betw
e to hypertensive disease. CONCLUSIONS There will be an exponential increase in hospitalisation due to diabetes, hypertension and ischaem
mean ages of these patients with CKD ranged from 44 to 52 years. Diabetes and long-standing hypertension were the main risk factors of CK
emales. Severe stages of CKDu were more frequent in males (stage 3: males versus females = 23.2% versus 7.4%; stage 4: males versus fema
8% (8.4-11.2%), females 10.9% (9.7-12.1%), P = 0.129). Thirty-six per cent (31.9-40.1%) of all diabetic subjects were previously undiagnosed
ology is about 2-3% among those above 18 years of age. Drinking water collected from high-prevalent and non-endemic regions was analy
lbumnuria was detected in 6.1% of the females and 8.5% of the males. Smoking (p < 0.001), alcohol use (p = 0.003), hypertension (p < 0.00
8% (8.4-11.2%), females 10.9% (9.7-12.1%), P = 0.129). Thirty-six per cent (31.9-40.1%) of all diabetic subjects were previously undiagnosed
National), Nepal-19.5%:9.5% (2007;Urban), Pakistan-3.0%:7.2% (2002;Rural), Sri Lanka-11.5%:10.3% (2005-2006;National). Urban populatio
stratified to determine the optimal timing of OGTT. Results: (Total n=140) GDM and PGDM occurred in 82% and 18% of patients respecti
as exceeded the WHO recommended level of 0.6 mg/L. Water in all areas was alkaline which could facilitate mobilization of fluoride from m
o differences between mandibular and maxillary ameloblastomas were observed with reference to overall cellularity and mitotic activity. So
re in the "gastric cardia." Simultaneous biopsies of the distal body and antrum were present in 185 patients; 49 had biopsy of either antrum
fter 1995. In malignancy supervening on pre-existing goitre, a significant reduction in anaplastic carcinoma and a highly significant increase
with similar prevalence of cancer in men and women. In the entire group, 28% of cancers were in those less than 50 years old. Survival at 2
cate that the disease in young people is one of high red meat consuming nations only. Improvement in our understanding of genetic pathw
4 (7.8) years. According to NCEP-ATP III ('hard' CHD risk), WHO/ISH (total CVD risk), and SCORE (CVD mortality risk) criteria, 25.4% (95% CI 2
Analysis of urine and hair of 348 subjects in the study area (CKDu, n=125; controls from endemic area, n = 180; controls from nonendemic
ize was 510 (SA: 184, Europid: 326). Mean age was 56.9 ± 9.7 years. There was no difference in erectile function when assessed by IIEF bet
onic kidney disease of uncertain etiology was diagnosed in 70.2% of patients, while 15.7% and 9.6% were due to hypertension and diabetic
pected patients, 85% (255/300) were mycologically confirmed to have onychomycosis. Aspergillus species were most commonly isolated n =
titial inflammation. Stage III disease had moderate and severe interstitial fibrosis, moderate interstitial inflammation, tubular atrophy and s
ncluded in the present systematic review is 96 (journal articles—82, dissertation—14). Our results based on the available latest national da
tolic BP >=140 mm Hg or diastolic BP>=90 mm Hg based on mean of last 2 of 3 measures on two separate visits each measured via calibrat
already established diabetes and newly diagnosed patients were 48.1%, 59.1% and 28.8% respectively. Prevalence of DPN in those with est
he prevalence was higher by 6-fold among men and by 2-fold among women. Ninety two percent had developed hemiparesis, 58.3% had d
e studied. Mean age of the group was 53 years. Among the participants 32% had cardiovascular risk related non communicable diseases (N
mon cause was glomerulonephritis (20, 42.6%). Diabetes was the most common cause of CKD among patients from the western province (7
ome and physical activity. Sample size was 4,485 (Response rate-89.7%), 39.5% were males and mean age was 46.1 ± 15.1 years. The crude
onal), Nepal-19.5%:9.5% (2007;Urban), Pakistan-3.0%:7.2% (2002;Rural), Sri Lanka-11.5%:10.3% (2005-2006;National). Urban populations d
provinces. The monthly income, BMI, waist circumference and per capita monthly expenditure were highest in the Western and lowest in t
he risk of developing senile cataracts is associated with decreased levels of erythrocyte G6PD and GSH. In the formation of diabetic cataract
ressure and socio-economic parameters, such as the level of education, occupation and monthly income, recorded. These data were comp
38±14 ml/min/1.73m2. Main findings in the biopsies were chronic glomerular and tubulointerstitial damage with glomerulosclerosis (8–75
ween 15-19 yrs, and between 20-40 yrs, 27.4% of males vs. 21.8% of females p<0.001. Prevalence of raised WC was greater in females for e
al examination, patient records, and laboratory tests, which included glycosylated hemoglobin, serum cholesterol, serum creatinine, and ele
974 (32.6%) had NAFLD (605 [62.1%] women, mean age 52.8 years [standard deviation, 7.3]). On multivariate analysis, obesity, acanthosis
to < 7 mmol/L) were also determined. RESULTS The prevalence of hypertension as defined was 18.8% (CI 14.5-23.1) for men and 19.3% (CI
1% (n = 114) of patients, of which RHT was present in 19.1% (n = 53). Uncontrolled BP were due to 'therapeutic inertia' in 27.8% of the stu
mg/dL, or previously diagnosed diabetes mellitus), hypertriacylglycerolemia (>/=150 mg/dl), low level of HDL cholesterol (<40 mg/dL in mal
at presentation while 33% of the rectal cancers received neoadjuvant chemoradiation. Left sided preponderance, younger age at presenta
of breast cancer was seen among women of 60 to 64-year age group which has increased from 68.1 to 100.2 per 100,000 over this period (
ressure and socio-economic parameters, such as the level of education, occupation and monthly income, recorded. These data were comp
ntly implemented to stem the tide.
) were barefoot at the time of the injury. This suggested that walking barefoot is a risk factor for foot ulcers, and that using footwear has th
-36.1) and 4.0 (1.1-7.1) years, respectively; 42.1% were male. GADA positivity was seen in 5.4% of participants (n = 54) and GADA levels neg
rmal monofilament test on first (OR--1.69, 95% CI; 1.36-16.6), third (OR--3.4, 95% CI; 1.1-10.6) and fifth (OR--1.8, 95% CI; 1.61-12.6) toes a
patients, with 'presence of DR' as the dichotomous dependent variable and other independent covariates. RESULTS Sample size was 684 (re
other independent covariates. RESULTS Crude prevalence of diabetes was 12.0% (n = 536), of which 344 were patients with 'known' diabe
the prevalence was higher by 6-fold among men and by 2-fold among women. Ninety two percent had developed hemiparesis, 58.3% had
oth lower limbs. Only newly identified individuals with PAD were selected as cases. Controls were selected from the same geographical loca
28 weeks underwent OGTT between 32-36 weeks; venous plasma glucose tested by accredited laboratory. Results Sample consistedof 160
abetes, hypertension and ischaemic heart disease. The health sector should provide additional resources to meet the demand.
were the main risk factors of CKD in the Yatinuwara and Hambantota regions. Age, exceeding 60 years, and farming were strongly associat
7.4%; stage 4: males versus females = 22.0% versus 7.3%; P < 0.001). The risk was increased in individuals aged >39 years and those who fa
cts were previously undiagnosed. Diabetes prevalence was higher in the urban population compared with rural [16.4% (13.8-19.0%) vs. 8.7
non-endemic regions was analyzed for their trace and ultratrace element contents, including the nephrotoxic heavy metals Cd and U using
= 0.003), hypertension (p < 0.001), diabetes (p < 0.001), urinary tract infection (UTI) (p = 0.034) and consumption of water from wells in th
cts were previously undiagnosed. Diabetes prevalence was higher in the urban population compared with rural [16.4% (13.8-19.0%) vs. 8.7
-2006;National). Urban populations demonstrated a higher prevalence of diabetes. An increasing trend in prevalence of diabetes was obse
82% and 18% of patients respectively. GDM (n=115) Mean age 32.16±5.26; booking POA 13.7±5.8weeks; booking BMI 26
e mobilization of fluoride from minerals indicating a fluoride mediated mechanism for renal damage. Conclusion The aetiology of CKDu in N
cellularity and mitotic activity. Solid/multicystic and UAs showed a predilection to posterior region, while DAs were frequently found in the
s; 49 had biopsy of either antrum or body. Gastric biopsies were assessed for inflammation, H. pylori infection, and intestinal metaplasia. D
and a highly significant increase in papillary carcinoma were noted in the post-1996 period. A significant reduction of extra-thyroidal sprea
s than 50 years old. Survival at 2 and 5 years was 69% and 52%. The majority of cancer related deaths were within the first 2 years after su
understanding of genetic pathways in the aetiology of CRC, chiefly of the MSI, CIN and CIMP pathway, supports the notion that up to 30%
ity risk) criteria, 25.4% (95% CI 23.6-27.2), 8.2% (95% CI 7.3-9.2), and 11.8 (95% CI 10.5-13.1) respectively were classified as at 'high risk'. T
180; controls from nonendemic area, n = 43) indicated that approximately 72.5 % of CKDu patients had urine arsenic levels > 21 g/g creati
ction when assessed by IIEF between SA and Europids with diabetes (84.8% and 84.1%, respectively). The overall prevalence of PE was 28.
due to hypertension and diabetic mellitus, respectively. The majority of patients were stage 4 (40%) at first presentation, while 31.8% were
were most commonly isolated n = 180 (71%) followed by dermatophytes, yeasts, and other molds n = 75 (29%). Of the patients having Aspe
mmation, tubular atrophy and some glomerulosclerosis. Stage IV disease typically had severe interstitial fibrosis and inflammation, tubular
n the available latest national data (2005–2006) show that Sri Lanka is facing a significant burden of both diabetes (prevalence 10.3 %) and
visits each measured via calibrated Omron device, or on antihypertensive therapy). Intervention: The MCI is comprised of all the following
valence of DPN in those with established DM as assessed by TCSS was 24% and the majority had mild DPN (16.6%). The remainder of the a
eloped hemiparesis, 58.3% had dysphasia, and 16.7% had loss of balance. Hypertension was the commonest risk factor (62.5%) followed by
non communicable diseases (NCDs) and 22.2% had a family history of the same. Prevalence of CAD was 6.9% (95% CI: 5.33 - 0.47) and sile
nts from the western province (74, 54%). The prevalence of CKD-u was twice as high in patients from areas outside the western province co
was 46.1 ± 15.1 years. The crude prevalence of MS was 27.1% (95% CI: 25.8-28.5), and age-adjusted prevalence was 24.3% (95% CI: 23.0-25
6;National). Urban populations demonstrated a higher prevalence of diabetes. An increasing trend in prevalence of diabetes was observed
st in the Western and lowest in the Uva. In contrast, the mean physical activity level was lowest in the Western province and highest in the
he formation of diabetic cataracts an adequate supply of NADPH (G6PD activity) is essential to produce osmotically active sorbitol in the len
ecorded. These data were compared with those of a similar study conducted by the main author in the same community ten years ago. Th
ge with glomerulosclerosis (8–75%), glomerular hypertrophy and mild to moderate tubulointerstitial changes. The morphology was more h
d WC was greater in females for each age group: 42.7% vs. 32.1%; 28.1% vs. 16.1%; 34.5% vs. 25.7% (p<0.05 for all) as was physical inactivit
esterol, serum creatinine, and electrocardiogram. RESULTS: One hundred and eighty-five (73.1%) of the individuals had some degree of ED,
iate analysis, obesity, acanthosis nigricans, insulin resistance, elevated diastolic BP, fasting plasma glucose, plasma triglycerides, and ALT tw
4.5-23.1) for men and 19.3% (CI 12.2-26.4) for women. The prevalence of diabetes was 14.2% (CI 11.9-16.5) for men and 13.5% (CI 6.9-20.1
peutic inertia' in 27.8% of the study population. Those with diabetes mellitus, obesity (BMI > 27.5 kg/m2) and those who were older than 5
DL cholesterol (<40 mg/dL in males, <50 mg/dL in females), and raised BP (systolic BP >/=130 or diastolic BP >/=85 mmHg or previously diag
erance, younger age at presentation and advanced stage at presentation was observed. CRC disease pattern in the South Asian population
0.2 per 100,000 over this period (EAPC 4.6%, 95% CI 3.9-5.2, p < 0.001 for trend). A substantially greater increase was observed among wom
ecorded. These data were compared with those of a similar study conducted by the main author in the same community ten years ago. Th
s, and that using footwear has the potential to prevent foot ulcers. In the second study, the relative risk of foot ulcers among barefoot diabe
ants (n = 54) and GADA levels negatively correlated with age at diagnosis (p < 0.0001), BMI (p < 0.0001) and time to insulin requirement (p =
R--1.8, 95% CI; 1.61-12.6) toes are found to be predictors of increased risk whereas incidental diagnosis of DM (OR--0.03, 95% CI; 0.003-0.2
RESULTS Sample size was 684 (response rate-67.9%), mean age was 37.1 ± 5.9 years and 36.0% were males. Mean duration of diabetes was
were patients with 'known' diabetes. Mean age was 56.4 ± 10.9 years and 37.3% were males. Prevalence of any degree of DR was 27.4% (M
veloped hemiparesis, 58.3% had dysphasia, and 16.7% had loss of balance. Hypertension was the commonest risk factor (62.5%) followed
from the same geographical location and within the 5 year age group as cases. RESULTS The history of diabetes mellitus more than 10 year
Results Sample consistedof 160, non-response 4.2% (67); 1533 underwent 2 hr PPBS with 40 exceeding 120mg: 4 >200 mg diagnosed as G
o meet the demand.
d farming were strongly associated with proteinuric-CKD in the Medawachchiya region; however, major risk factors were uncertain in 87%
aged >39 years and those who farmed (chena cultivation) (OR [odds ratio] = 1.926, 95% CI = 1.561 to 2.376 and OR = 1.195, 95% CI = 1.007
rural [16.4% (13.8-19.0%) vs. 8.7% (7.8-9.6%); P < 0.001]. The prevalence of overall, urban and rural pre-diabetes was 11.5% (10.5-12.5%),
oxic heavy metals Cd and U using ICP-MS. The results indicate that the affected regions contain moderate to high levels of fluoride. The Cd c
mption of water from wells in the fields (p = 0.025) were associated with microalbuminuria. In the binary logistic regression analysis, hyper
rural [16.4% (13.8-19.0%) vs. 8.7% (7.8-9.6%); P < 0.001]. The prevalence of overall, urban and rural pre-diabetes was 11.5% (10.5-12.5%),
prevalence of diabetes was observed in urban/rural India and rural Sri Lanka. The diabetes epidemicity index decreased with the increasing
usmn;5.8weeks; booking BMI 26±4.9kg/m2. Risk factor profile – 1(33%); 2(29.3%); 3 (29%); 64% were detected before 24
usion The aetiology of CKDu in NCP of Sri Lanka is probably multi-factorial involving one or more environmental factors and a possible gene
As were frequently found in the anterior region of both jaws. Twenty-one percentage (60/286) of ameloblastomas presented with recurren
tion, and intestinal metaplasia. During this period, 2146 patients had nonmalignant columnar epithelia in the esophagus with similar assess
eduction of extra-thyroidal spread was also observed.\n\nCONCLUSION: A trend towards more differentiated thyroid cancer with lesser deg
e within the first 2 years after surgery. CONCLUSION The burden of colorectal cancer in Sri Lanka is on the rise. Up to a third of cancers occu
ports the notion that up to 30% of CRC is genetic, and may reflect a familial trait or environmentally induced changes. However, a number
were classified as at 'high risk'. The proportion of high risk participants increased with age. 'High risk' was commoner among males (30.3%
ne arsenic levels > 21 g/g creatinine and significantly high concentration of arsenic has been observed in high keratin containing tissues su
overall prevalence of PE was 28.8% (32.6% and 25.8% in those with and without diabetes, respectively, P = NS). Among men with diabetes
presentation, while 31.8% were stage 3 and 24.5% were stage 5. Stage 1 and 2 presentation accounted for only 3.4%.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: L
9%). Of the patients having Aspergillus onychomycosis, 149 (83%) were in the > age group. In men, Aspergillus onycomycosis was seen in 82
brosis and inflammation, tubular atrophy and glomerulosclerosis. The mean age of patients with stage I disease (27 ± 10.8 years) was signifi
iabetes (prevalence 10.3 %) and pre-diabetes (prevalence 11.5 %). Urban residency and familial inheritance appear to be important factors
s comprised of all the following five components: 1) home health education by government community health workers, plus 2) BP monitor
(16.6%). The remainder of the abstract is based on subjects with established DM. The prevalence of DPN in males and female was 20.0% a
st risk factor (62.5%) followed by smoking (45.8%), excess alcohol (41.7%), diabetes mellitus (33.3%), and transient ischemic attack (29.2%)
.9% (95% CI: 5.33 - 0.47) and silent ischaemia was 2.2% (95% CI: 1.29 - 3.11). Only gender and past history of cardiovascular risk related NC
outside the western province compared with patients from this province (P > 0.05). The low prevalence of CKD-u in the study population c
ence was 24.3% (95% CI: 23.0-25.6). Prevalence in males and females were 18.4% (95% CI: 16.5-20.3) and 28.3% (95% CI: 26.6-30.0) respec
alence of diabetes was observed in urban/rural India and rural Sri Lanka. The diabetes epidemicity index decreased with the increasing pre
tern province and highest in the Uva. However, the per capita daily energy consumption was lowest in the Western and highest in the Uva
motically active sorbitol in the lens.

me community ten years ago. The results revealed that the age-standardised prevalence of diabetes had increased from 2.5% in 1990 to 8.
es. The morphology was more heterogeneous and interstitial inflammation and vascular changes were more common compared to our pre
5 for all) as was physical inactivity: 39.9% vs. 14.5%; 51.7% vs. 20.0%; 62.7% vs. 41.3% which rose in both sexes with age (p<0.05 for all). FH
ividuals had some degree of ED, while 84 (33.2%) had severe to complete ED. After excluding men with complete ED, the prevalence of PE
plasma triglycerides, and ALT twice the upper limit of the reference range or more were independently associated with NAFLD. Conclusion
5) for men and 13.5% (CI 6.9-20.1) for women while impaired fasting glycaemia was 14.2% for men and 14.1% for women. The mean body
nd those who were older than 55 years were significantly higher in the RHT group than in the non-RHT group. In the binary logistic regress
P >/=85 mmHg or previously diagnosed hypertension) were found in 23.9%, 25%, 79.3%, and 36.6% of the participants. The prevalence of M
n in the South Asian population may vary from that observed in the western population which has implications on disease surveillance and
rease was observed among women older than 50 years (from 50.4 to 76.9 per 100,000; EAPC 5.5, 95% CI 4.1-7.0, p < 0.05) compared with
me community ten years ago. The results revealed that the age-standardised prevalence of diabetes had increased from 2.5% in 1990 to 8.
oot ulcers among barefoot diabetics was 2.21 (95% CI 1.55 to 3.14) compared with those using some form of footwear. A history of foot ul
d time to insulin requirement (p = 0.006). Type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes and LADA were present in 7.0%, 89.7% and 2.6%, respectively. Th
DM (OR--0.03, 95% CI; 0.003-0.28), wearing covered shoes (OR--0.003, 95% CI; 0.00-0.28), presence of normal skin color (OR--0.01, 95% C
. Mean duration of diabetes was 5.2 ± 4.0 years. Previous retinal screening had been done in 51.0% by a non-specialist doctor and in 41.5%
any degree of DR was 27.4% (Males-30.5%, Females-25.6%; p = 0.41). In patients with DR, majority had NPDR (93.4%), while 5.3% had ma
nest risk factor (62.5%) followed by smoking (45.8%), excess alcohol (41.7%), diabetes mellitus (33.3%), and transient ischemic attack (29.2%
betes mellitus more than 10 years (OR 5.8, 95% CI 2.2-14.2), history of dyslipidemia for more than 10 years (OR 4.9, 95% CI 2.1-16.2), histor
20mg: 4 >200 mg diagnosed as GDM / DIP, 36 (PPBS >120 < 200 mg) underwent OGTT before 16 weeks with 15 GDM. One hundred and th
k factors were uncertain in 87% of these patients. Of these patients, 26 underwent renal biopsy; histology indicated tubulointerstitial disea
and OR = 1.195, 95% CI = 1.007 to 1.418 respectively, P < 0.05). The risk was reduced in individuals who were male or who engaged in pad
abetes was 11.5% (10.5-12.5%), 13.6% (11.2-16.0%) and 11.0% (10.0-12.0%), respectively. Overall, 21.8% (20.5-23.1%) had some form of d
o high levels of fluoride. The Cd contents in drinking water, rice from affected regions and urine from symptomatic and non-symptomatic p
ogistic regression analysis, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, UTI, drinking well water in the fields, smoking and pesticide spraying were foun
abetes was 11.5% (10.5-12.5%), 13.6% (11.2-16.0%) and 11.0% (10.0-12.0%), respectively. Overall, 21.8% (20.5-23.1%) had some form of d
ex decreased with the increasing prevalence of diabetes in respective countries. A high epidemicity index was seen in Sri Lanka (2005/2006
%); 64% were detected before 24 weeks. Those >30 years were 67% among early diagnosis versus. 36% among those diagnosed between
ental factors and a possible genetic predisposition in vulnerable populations. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/jccpsl.v17i1.4931 Journal of t
astomas presented with recurrences, and 94% (34/36) of these recurrences were observed in cases treated conservatively.\n\nCONCLUSIO
he esophagus with similar assessment of the stomach; these acted as a control group. The gastric biopsy was normal in 201/234 (85.9%) pa
ed thyroid cancer with lesser degree of spread was observed in recent years. The iodination programme implemented in 1995 is likely to be
ise. Up to a third of cancers occur in those under 50 years, and the majority of cancers are in the rectum or rectosigmoid region. Flexible s
ed changes. However, a number of other germline and somatic mutations, some of which remain unidentified, may play a role in the genes
commoner among males (30.3% vs 20.6%, p<0.001) according to NCEP-ATP III criteria, but among females (9.7% vs. 6.7%, p<0.001) accordi
high keratin containing tissues such as hair and nails among the CKDu cases (p<0.05) (5) . Analysis of organ samples of deceased CKDu pati
NS). Among men with diabetes, the prevalence of PE was 45.8% and 22.4% for SA and Europids, respectively (P < 0.001). In those without
only 3.4%.\n\nCONCLUSIONS: Low prevalence of CKDU was noticed (1.5%) among those who consumed water from natural springs. Preva
llus onycomycosis was seen in 82%. Among patients who had Aspergillus nail infection, 114 (63%) had diabetes for a period of > years. Amo
ease (27 ± 10.8 years) was significantly lower than those of the other stages. About 79.2%, 55%, 49.1% and 50% in stage I, II, III and IV dise
e appear to be important factors associated with diabetes in Sri Lanka. There were a number of ethno-medical studies done by Sri Lankan
alth workers, plus 2) BP monitoring and stepped-up referral to a trained general practitioner, plus 3) training providers in management of h
n males and female was 20.0% and 26.4% respectively. The mean age of those with and without DPN was 62.1 ± 10.8 and 55.1 ± 10.8 year
ransient ischemic attack (29.2%); 79.2%, predominantly men, had ≥2 risk factors. A percentage of 58.3 had brain computed tomographic sc
of cardiovascular risk related NCDs emerged as predictors of CAD Conclusions CAD was more prevalent among males and those with past h
CKD-u in the study population could be the result of poor representation of patients from provinces with high prevalence of CKD-u.
28.3% (95% CI: 26.6-30.0) respectively (p < 0.001). Urban adults (34.8% [95% CI: 31.8-37.9]) had a significantly higher prevalence than rura
ecreased with the increasing prevalence of diabetes in respective countries. A high epidemicity index was seen in Sri Lanka (2005/2006-52.
Western and highest in the Uva provinces.The Sri Lankan Tamil ethnicity has the highest (22.1%) diabetes prevalence followed by
creased from 2.5% in 1990 to 8.5% in 2000 (p = 0.008) and that this was accompanied by an increase in the monthly income, level of educ
re common compared to our previous studies of MeN. In two patients the biopsies showed morphological signs of acute pyelonephritis bu
exes with age (p<0.05 for all). FH of T2DM was present in 26.2%. In 4532 (50%<16 yrs) with ≥ 2 risk-factors, impaired fasting glycaemia/imp
mplete ED, the prevalence of PE was 68 (40.2%). The overall prevalence of reduced libido was 64 (25%). In the multivariate analysis, the str
ociated with NAFLD. Conclusion: The prevalence of NAFLD among adults in this urban Sri Lankan community is high and is strongly associa
1% for women. The mean body mass index was 21.5 kg/m2 (SD = 3.7) in men. It was lower than that in women, 23.3 kg/m2 (SD = 4.5). The
up. In the binary logistic regression analysis older age (OR:1.36), longer duration of hypertension (OR:1.76), presence of diabetes mellitus (
participants. The prevalence of MS was 15.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 12.8-19.3) and it was 17.4% in males and 14.6% in females. Pa
tions on disease surveillance and treatment.
4.1-7.0, p < 0.05) compared with women younger than 50 years (from 32.0 to 39.6 per 100,000; EAPC 2.3, 95% CI 1.1-3.5, p < 0.05). CONCLU
creased from 2.5% in 1990 to 8.5% in 2000 (p = 0.008) and that this was accompanied by an increase in the monthly income, level of educ
of footwear. A history of foot ulcers was more frequent in the group who wore footwear less than 10 hours per day, compared with those
89.7% and 2.6%, respectively. The remaining 0.7% of the participants were GADA-positive, insulin independent > or =6 months from diagn
rmal skin color (OR--0.01, 95% CI; 0.001-0.14) and normal monofilament test on first metatarsal head (OR--0.10, 95% CI; 0.00-0.67) are pro
on-specialist doctor and in 41.5% by a consultant ophthalmologist. Rate of any degree of DR in the study population was 18.1% (Males 16.4
PDR (93.4%), while 5.3% had maculopathy. Patients with DR had a significantly longer duration of diabetes than those without. In the binar
d transient ischemic attack (29.2%); 79.2%, predominantly men, had ≥2 risk factors. A percentage of 58.3 had brain computed tomographic
(OR 4.9, 95% CI 2.1-16.2), history of hypertension for more than 10 years (OR 3.8, 95% CI 1.8-12.7) and smoking (OR 2.9, 95% CI 1.2-6.9), e
h 15 GDM. One hundred and thirty four (8.38%) miscarried including one with early abnormal OGTT. Of 1381 eligible for OGTT (24- 28 wee
ndicated tubulointerstitial disease. Thus, proteinuric-CKD of uncertain etiology is prevalent in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka. In co
ere male or who engaged in paddy cultivation (OR = 0.745, 95% CI = 0.562 to 0.988 and OR = 0.732, 95% CI = 0.542 to 0.988 respectively, P
20.5-23.1%) had some form of dysglycaemia. The projected diabetes prevalence for the year 2030 is 13.9%. Those with diabetes and pre-d
tomatic and non-symptomatic patients were much lower indicating that Cd is not a contributing factor for CKD with uncertain etiology in Sr
nd pesticide spraying were found to be significant predictors of microalbuminuria. CONCLUSIONS Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, UTI, and
20.5-23.1%) had some form of dysglycaemia. The projected diabetes prevalence for the year 2030 is 13.9%. Those with diabetes and pre-d
was seen in Sri Lanka (2005/2006-52.8%), while for other countries, the epidemicity index was comparatively low (rural India 2007-26.9%; u
among those diagnosed between 24-28 weeks (p=0.02). Previous miscarriages were 36% among early diagnosed versus. 18% among those
38/jccpsl.v17i1.4931 Journal of the College of Community Physicians of Sri Lanka Vol.17(2) June 2012 15-20
d conservatively.\n\nCONCLUSION: In conclusion, mandibular ameloblastomas were more prevalent than maxillary ameloblastomas, while
as normal in 201/234 (85.9%) patients and showed significant inflammation, H. pylori infection, and/or gastric intestinal metaplasia in 33/2
plemented in 1995 is likely to be responsible for this change.
r rectosigmoid region. Flexible sigmoidoscopy offers a useful screening tool.
fied, may play a role in the genesis of this cancer and stand in the way of a clear understanding of CRC in the young. Clinically, a proportion
9.7% vs. 6.7%, p<0.001) according to WHO/ISH criteria. No significant gender difference was noted in SCORE risk categories. Conclusions A
samples of deceased CKDu patients from the study area also have shown about ten-fold increase of arsenic in comparison to that of kidne
ely (P < 0.001). In those without diabetes, this figure was 41.9% in SA and 20.2% in Europids (P < 0.001). There was a significant trend of in
water from natural springs. Prevalence was highest among males, rice farming communities, and those presenting at later disease stages.
betes for a period of > years. Among patients who were engaged in agricultural activities, 77% were confirmed to have infected nails due to
d 50% in stage I, II, III and IV disease respectively were asymptomatic at the time of biopsy.
dical studies done by Sri Lankan authors evaluating herbal products in diabetes treatment. DM is a major health problem in Sri Lanka, with
ng providers in management of hypertension, plus 4) designating hypertension triage counter and hypertension care coordinators, plus 5) a
62.1 ± 10.8 and 55.1 ± 10.8 years respectively (p < 0.001). The majority of those with DPN were from rural-areas (75.3%) and earned a mon
d brain computed tomographic scans, of whom 85.7% had ischemic strokes. A percentage of 64.3 had to change or give up working because
mong males and those with past history of cardiovascular risk related NCDs. Community based preventive programmes should be implemen
high prevalence of CKD-u.
ntly higher prevalence than rural adults (21.6% [95% CI: 20.2-23.0]). Among ethnic groups, the highest prevalence of MS was observed in S
een in Sri Lanka (2005/2006-52.8%), while for other countries, the epidemicity index was comparatively low (rural India 2007-26.9%; urban
iabetes prevalence followed by the Sri Lankan Moor (21.4%). The Indian Tamil ethnic group living in the plantation sector had the lowest p
e monthly income, level of education and body mass indices. Since nearly 70% of all Sri Lankans live in villages, continuation of the present
signs of acute pyelonephritis but urine cultures were negative. Electrolyte disturbances with low levels of serum sodium, potassium, and/o
, impaired fasting glycaemia/impaired glucose tolerance (pre-diabetes) prevalence was 16%. MS was more prevalent in males [10-16 yrs (1
the multivariate analysis, the strongest associations with ED were PE (odds ratio [OR] = 4.41, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.08-9.39) and
ty is high and is strongly associated with constituent features of the metabolic syndrome. © 2007 Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepato
men, 23.3 kg/m2 (SD = 4.5). The prevalence of obesity was 20.3% in men and 36.5 % in women. Regional differences were seen in the mea
, presence of diabetes mellitus (OR:1.67) and being obese (OR:1.84) were significantly associated with RHT. CONCLUSION A significant pro
males and 14.6% in females. Participants living in the urban area had a higher prevalence of MS when compared with participants in a rur
95% CI 1.1-3.5, p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS A gradual but a significant increase in the incidence of female breast cancer is observed in Sri Lanka
e monthly income, level of education and body mass indices. Since nearly 70% of all Sri Lankans live in villages, continuation of the present
rs per day, compared with those who used footwear more than 10 hours. The prevalence of web space and nail infections was also higher i
dent > or =6 months from diagnosis and were diagnosed at age <30 years. The metabolic syndrome and homeostasis model assessment of
-0.10, 95% CI; 0.00-0.67) are protective factors for ulcers. CONCLUSIONS Ten independent risk and protective factors identified in this study
opulation was 18.1% (Males 16.4%, Females 20.0%; P = NS). In patients with DR, majority had mild Non-Proliferative DR (NPDR) (57.2%), wh
than those without. In the binary-logistic regression analysis in all adults duration of diabetes (OR:1.07), current smoking (OR:1.67) and pe
ad brain computed tomographic scans, of whom 85.7% had ischemic strokes. A percentage of 64.3 had to change or give up working becau
moking (OR 2.9, 95% CI 1.2-6.9), elevated HsCRP (OR 3.7, 95% CI 1.2-12.0) and hyperhomocysteinemia (OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.1-8.1) were reveale
381 eligible for OGTT (24- 28 weeks) 150 had GDM (10.86%). Only 344 (27.94% of normal 1231) consented for third trimester OGTT, of who
entral Province of Sri Lanka. In contrast, known risk factors were associated with CKD in the Central and Southern Provinces.
I = 0.542 to 0.988 respectively, P < 0.05). The mean concentration of cadmium in urine was significantly higher in those with CKDu (1.039 μ
%. Those with diabetes and pre-diabetes compared with normal glucose tolerance were older, physically inactive, frequently lived in urban a
CKD with uncertain etiology in Sri Lanka. Although no single geochemical parameter could be clearly and directly related to the CKD etiolog
nsion, diabetes mellitus, UTI, and smoking are known risk factors for microalbuminuria. The association between microalbuminuria and con
%. Those with diabetes and pre-diabetes compared with normal glucose tolerance were older, physically inactive, frequently lived in urban a
ly low (rural India 2007-26.9%; urban India 2002/2005-31.3%, and urban Bangladesh-33.1%). Family history, urban residency, age, higher B
nosed versus. 18% among those diagnosed late (p=0.145). Pregnancy induced hypertension occurred in 7.8% with similar occurrence in bo
maxillary ameloblastomas, while no differences were observed in age or gender distribution between the mandibular and maxillary amelob
tric intestinal metaplasia in 33/234 (14.1%) patients. There was no gastritis, H. pylori infection, or intestinal metaplasia in 88/107 (82.2%) o
e young. Clinically, a proportion of young persons with CRC die early after curative surgery, presumably from aggressive tumour biology, co
RE risk categories. Conclusions A large proportion of individuals in this community are at risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, especia
ic in comparison to that of kidneys of an unexposed individual (6) . In an attempt to investigate source of arsenic in population of the study
here was a significant trend of increasing prevalence of PE with increasing severity grade of ED (P < 0.001). Reduced libido was reported by
senting at later disease stages.

med to have infected nails due to Aspergillus species.\n\nCONCLUSION: Aspergillus niger was the most common pathogen isolated from toe
ealth problem in Sri Lanka, with an unprecedented current level of prevalence. Considering the gravity of the health issue and the econom
nsion care coordinators, plus 5) a financing model to compensate for additional health services and subsidies to low income individuals wit
-areas (75.3%) and earned a monthly income < Sri Lankan Rupees 12,000 (87.6%). In the binary logistic-regression presence of foot ulcers (
ange or give up working because of stroke-related disability. Conclusions—Age-adjusted stroke prevalence in urban Sri Lanka lies between
rogrammes should be implemented to minimize the adverse impact of CAD.
valence of MS was observed in Sri Lankan Moors (43.0% [95% CI: 37.2-48.9]). In all adults, MS was observed in those with the highest level
w (rural India 2007-26.9%; urban India 2002/2005-31.3%, and urban Bangladesh-33.1%). Family history, urban residency, age, higher BMI,
antation sector had the lowest prevalence.Conclusions: The provincial and ethnic distribution of dia
ges, continuation of the present trend would result in a dramatic increase in the number of patients with diabetes in the future. Suitable st
serum sodium, potassium, and/or magnesium were common. In the urine, only four patients displayed albuminuria, but many patients exh
prevalent in males [10-16 yrs (13.0% vs. 8.8%), 16-40 yrs (29.5% vs. 20.0%) p<0.001 for both].\n\nCONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: There is a
ce interval [CI] = 2.08-9.39) and reduced libido (OR = 4.38, CI = 1.39-13.82) followed by lower income (OR = 2.16, CI = 1.32-3.52), advancing
of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Foundation and Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd.
differences were seen in the mean fasting blood glucose and prevalence of diabetes, and mean BMI and prevalence of obesity were highes
T. CONCLUSION A significant proportion of the hypertensive patients were having uncontrolled hypertension. Nearly 1/5th of the populatio
mpared with participants in a rural area (P = 0.015). Older age (P < 0.001) was a risk factor for development of MS. Smoking (P = 0.005) was
st cancer is observed in Sri Lanka. A rapid rise in the breast cancer incidence among post-menopausal women appears to be the major con
ges, continuation of the present trend would result in a dramatic increase in the number of patients with diabetes in the future. Suitable st
d nail infections was also higher in the group who wore footwear less than 10 hours per day, compared with those who used footwear for m
omeostasis model assessment of beta cell function (HOMA %B) were lowest in GADA-positive type 1 diabetes and increased progressively i
ve factors identified in this study are proposed as a simple screening tool to predict the risk of developing leg and foot ulcers in patients wi
oliferative DR (NPDR) (57.2%), while 32.2% had moderate NPDR, 0.8% had severe NPDR and 9.7% had maculopathy. Mean age, duration of
urrent smoking (OR:1.67) and peripheral neuropathy (OR:1.72) all were significantly associated with DR. CONCLUSIONS Nearly 1/3rd of Sri L
change or give up working because of stroke-related disability. CONCLUSIONS Age-adjusted stroke prevalence in urban Sri Lanka lies betwee
3.0, 95% CI 1.1-8.1) were revealed as country specific significant risk factor of PAD. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipid
for third trimester OGTT, of whom 25 had GDM- yielding a total of 194 with GDM (13.9%). Conclusions The current community prevalence
uthern Provinces.
gher in those with CKDu (1.039 μg/g) compared with controls in the endemic and non-endemic areas (0.646 μg/g, P < 0.001 and 0.345 μg/g
active, frequently lived in urban areas and had a family history of diabetes. They had higher body mass index, waist circumference, waist-hi
irectly related to the CKD etiology on the basis of the elements determined during this study, it is very likely that the unique hydrogeochem
tween microalbuminuria and consumption of well water suggests an environmental aetiology to CKD in NCP. The causative agent is yet to b
active, frequently lived in urban areas and had a family history of diabetes. They had higher body mass index, waist circumference, waist-hi
y, urban residency, age, higher BMI, sedentary lifestyle, hypertension and waist-hip ratio were associated with an increased risks of diabete
8% with similar occurrence in both subgroups. Pregnancy outcome was similar in the two subgroups (100% live births, mean birth weight 3
mandibular and maxillary ameloblastomas. However, higher proportion of DAs and UAs was observed in the maxilla compared with some of
l metaplasia in 88/107 (82.2%) of the patients with distal esophageal HGD and/or adenocarcinoma, 70/79 (88.6%) with junctional HGD and
m aggressive tumour biology, compared with the majority in whom survival after operation will remain unchanged for five years or greater.
cardiovascular diseases, especially in older age groups. Risk estimates varied with the different prediction tools, and were comparatively h
rsenic in population of the study area, arsenic content in water, most abundant trees, terrestrial and aquatic herbaceous plants and soil sam
Reduced libido was reported by 26.9% men (32.8% and 22.0% in those with and without diabetes, respectively, P < 0.01), with no significa
mon pathogen isolated from toenail infection. Aspergillus species should be considered as an important pathogen in toenail onychomycos
he health issue and the economical burden, very little local research has been conducted to combat the epidemic. Future studies should be
es to low income individuals with poorly controlled hypertension. Primary outcome measure: Change in systolic BP from baseline to follow
ression presence of foot ulcers (OR:10.4; 95%CI 1.8-16.7), female gender (OR:6.7; 95%CI 2.0-9.8) and smoking (OR:5.9; 95%CI 1.4-9.7) wer
in urban Sri Lanka lies between high-income and low-/middle-income countries. The prevalence of stroke and its risk factors were higher a
d in those with the highest level of education and monthly household income. Prevalence of MS in the different physical activity categorie
ban residency, age, higher BMI, sedentary lifestyle, hypertension and waist-hip ratio were associated with an increased risks of diabetes. CO
ial and ethnic distribution of diabetes closely resembled that of obesity (waist circumference more than the BMI) and the income level in t
diabetes in the future. Suitable strategies should be implemented to arrest this trend and manage a large number of patients with diabetes
uminuria, but many patients exhibited elevated α-1-microglobulin and magnesium levels. This is the first study reporting detailed biochemi
USIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: There is a high prevalence of modifiable cardio-metabolic risk-factors in young urban Sri-Lankans with significant ge
= 2.16, CI = 1.32-3.52), advancing age (OR = 2.06, CI = 1.44-2.95), and duration of diabetes (OR = 1.48, CI = 1.09-2.01). In addition, ED was u
evalence of obesity were highest in Western province. Mean blood pressure and prevalence of hypertension were highest in the Uva Provi
n. Nearly 1/5th of the population was suffering from RHT, which was significantly associated with the presence of obesity and diabetes me
of MS. Smoking (P = 0.005) was a risk factor for the development of MS. Participants having sedentary, moderately active, and highly activ
men appears to be the major contributor towards this increase. Improving cancer data collection appears to have been a contributor to the
diabetes in the future. Suitable strategies should be implemented to arrest this trend and manage a large number of patients with diabetes
h those who used footwear for more than 10 hours. CONCLUSION The data suggest that walking barefoot is a risk factor for diabetic foot d
tes and increased progressively in latent autoimmune diabetes, GADA-negative type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes. Among those requirin
eg and foot ulcers in patients with DM.
ulopathy. Mean age, duration of diabetes, systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), FBG, HbA1c and urine microalbumin levels wer
NCLUSIONS Nearly 1/3rd of Sri Lankan adults with self-reported diabetes are having retinopathy. DR was associated with diabetes duration
ce in urban Sri Lanka lies between high-income and low-/middle-income countries. The prevalence of stroke and its risk factors were highe
mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking as well as elevated homocysteine and HsCRP found as risk factors of PAD. Longer the duratio
e current community prevalence of GDM in the suburban Gampaha District, Sri Lanka is high.
6 μg/g, P < 0.001 and 0.345 μg/g, P < 0.05) respectively. Urine cadmium sensitivity and specificity were 70% and 68.3% respectively (area u
ex, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, systolic/diastolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides. Insulin was p
y that the unique hydrogeochemistry of the drinking water is closely associated with the incidence of the disease.
P. The causative agent is yet to be identified. Investigations for cadmium as a potential causative agent needs to be initiated.
ex, waist circumference, waist-hip ratio, systolic/diastolic blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides. Insulin was p
with an increased risks of diabetes.\n\nCONCLUSION: A significant epidemic of diabetes is present in the South Asian region with a rapid inc
% live births, mean birth weight 3.127±0.50kg, macrosomia 21%; LSCS 43%, pre-term 6.9%; neonatal hypoglycaemia and jaundice 1
e maxilla compared with some of the other studies. SMA should be treated with resection to prevent recurrences.
(88.6%) with junctional HGD and/or adenocarcinoma, and 43/48 (85.9%) with "gastric cardiac" HGD and/or adenocarcinoma. The incidenc
changed for five years or greater. The challenge in the future will be to determine, by genetic fingerprinting or otherwise, those at risk of de
tools, and were comparatively higher with NCEP-ATP III charts.
tic herbaceous plants and soil samples in the study area were analyzed. The results revealed that arsenic is present in noteworthy amounts
tively, P < 0.01), with no significant ethnic difference. The association between reduced libido and increasing severity grades of ED was also
athogen in toenail onychomycosis in diabetic patients. Risk factors associated with Aspergillus onychomycosis were age, gender, duration o
idemic. Future studies should be focused on the causes of this high prevalence, such as genetic characteristics, dietary habits, body compo
stolic BP from baseline to follow-up at 24 months. Cost effectiveness measure: The incremental cost of MCI per CVD disability adjusted life
king (OR:5.9; 95%CI 1.4-9.7) were the strongest predictors followed by insulin treatment (OR:4.3; 95%CI 1.3-6.9), diabetic retinopathy (OR:2
and its risk factors were higher among men.
erent physical activity categories of the IPAQ were; 'inactive'-38.8% (95% CI 34.5-43.2), 'moderately active'-33.5% (95% CI 30.9-36.1) and 'a
an increased risks of diabetes. CONCLUSION: A significant epidemic of diabetes is present in the South Asian region with a rapid increase in
e BMI) and the income level in the respective provinces and ethnic groups. The physical activity level had an inverse relationship. High leve
umber of patients with diabetes in the future.
udy reporting detailed biochemical and clinical data together with renal morphology, including electron microscopy, from Sri Lankan patien
n Sri-Lankans with significant gender differences. A primary prevention intervention trial is ongoing in this cohort. Clinical Trial Registration
1.09-2.01). In addition, ED was univariately associated with lower educational level (P = 0.05), the presence of hypertension (P = 0.005), an
on were highest in the Uva Province. Southern Province had the lowest prevalence of hypertension and diabetes, and North Central Provin
ence of obesity and diabetes mellitus. Therapeutic inertia seems to contribute significantly towards the presence of uncontrolled BP.
oderately active, and highly active lifestyle had the prevalence of MS 20.6% (95% CI: 13.2-29.7), 14.7% (95% CI: 10.6-19.5), and 14.7% (95%
o have been a contributor to the observed increase. However, an inherent increase is also likely as differential rates of increase were observ
umber of patients with diabetes in the future.

s a risk factor for diabetic foot disease. Thus, public health messages in developing countries with large rural populations who walk barefoo
diabetes. Among those requiring insulin, 69.2% had fasting C-peptide levels in the lowest quartile, whereas only 19.5% were GADA-positiv
d urine microalbumin levels were significantly higher amongst the patients with DR. The results of the binary logistic regression indicate th
ssociated with diabetes duration, cigarette smoking and peripheral neuropathy. However, further prospective follow up studies are require
ke and its risk factors were higher among men.

actors of PAD. Longer the duration or higher level exposure to these risk factors has increased the risk of PAD. These findings emphasis the
% and 68.3% respectively (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.682, 95% CI = 0.61 to 0.75, cut-off value ≥0.397 μg/g).
ol and triglycerides. Insulin was prescribed to 4.4% (2.7-6.1%) of all diabetic subjects. CONCLUSIONS: One in five adults in Sri Lanka has eith
ds to be initiated.
ol and triglycerides. Insulin was prescribed to 4.4% (2.7-6.1%) of all diabetic subjects. CONCLUSIONS: One in five adults in Sri Lanka has eith
uth Asian region with a rapid increase in prevalence over the last two decades. Hence there is a need for urgent preventive and curative st
tal hypoglycaemia and jaundice 11%; congenital malformation=1(0.9%). Pre-GDM (n=25) Mean age 32.92±5.9 (2/3 >30 years)
r adenocarcinoma. The incidence of gastritis was significantly higher in the patients with HGD and/or adenocarcinoma (33/234 or 14.1%) t
or otherwise, those at risk of developing CRC and the determinants of survival in those who develop CRC. Ultimately, prevention and early
present in noteworthy amounts in the flora of the study area and their capacity to retain arsenic differs largely from one species to anothe
g severity grades of ED was also significant (P < 0.001). Conclusions: No significant difference was observed in the prevalence of ED betwee
sis were age, gender, duration of diabetes, length of exposure to fungi, and occupation.
stics, dietary habits, body composition, and level of physical activity.
I per CVD disability adjusted life years averted. Results: A total of 11,222 individuals aged >=40 years were screened in 30 randomly selecte
3-6.9), diabetic retinopathy (OR:2.7; 95%CI 1.3-5.4), treatment with sulphonylureas (OR:1.8; 95%CI 1.1-3.2), increasing height (OR:1.8; 95%
-33.5% (95% CI 30.9-36.1) and 'active'-21.1% (95% CI 19.6-22.7). The results of the binary logistic regression analysis indicates that female
an region with a rapid increase in prevalence over the last two decades. Hence there is a need for urgent preventive and curative strategies.
an inverse relationship. High level of physical activity had a protective effect from diabetes even when the energy consumption is high.
croscopy, from Sri Lankan patients with CKDu. Our data show that there are many similarities in the biochemical and morphological profile
cohort. Clinical Trial Registration Number SLCTR/2008/World Health Organization (WHO) international clinical trial registry platform.
e of hypertension (P = 0.005), and no alcohol intake (P = 0.001). The only significant association of PE was the severity grade of ED. Associati
betes, and North Central Province had lowest anthropometric measures of obesity. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of the selected cardiova
esence of uncontrolled BP.
% CI: 10.6-19.5), and 14.7% (95% CI: 9.3-21.6), respectively (P = 0.247). CONCLUSION: Older age, urban living, and smoking carry a higher ri
tial rates of increase were observed by age groups. Further research is needed to identify the reasons for the observed increase which may
al populations who walk barefoot should strongly advise diabetics to use footwear for a greater part of the day. This may be overlook in lite
s only 19.5% were GADA-positive (p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The prevalence of GADA-positive autoimmune diabetes is
ry logistic regression indicate that the duration of diabetes (OR:1.24), HbA1c (OR:1.19), age (OR:1.11), urine Microalbumin (OR:1.11) and D
tive follow up studies are required to establish causality for identified risk factors.
AD. These findings emphasis the need for routine screening of PAD among patients with the identified risk factors.
0.75, cut-off value ≥0.397 μg/g). A significant dose-effect relationship was seen between urine cadmium concentration and CKDu stage (P <
n five adults in Sri Lanka has either diabetes or pre-diabetes and one-third of those with diabetes are undiagnosed.
n five adults in Sri Lanka has either diabetes or pre-diabetes and one-third of those with diabetes are undiagnosed.
rgent preventive and curative strategies.
2±5.9 (2/3 >30 years); booking POA 12.7±6.1weeks; booking BMI 23.49±3.52kg/m2, significantly less than GDM
ocarcinoma (33/234 or 14.1%) than in the control population (146/2146 or 9.0%; P=0.01). This difference was largely the result of a higher
Ultimately, prevention and early detection, just like for those over 50 years with CRC, will determine the outcome of CRC in young persons
gely from one species to another as well as from roots, bark, flowers and leaf, i.e. in the bark of Azadirachta indica (Kohomba) (753 + 4.2 μg
d in the prevalence of ED between SA and Europid men with diabetes. PE was significantly more common in the SA men irrespective of the
screened in 30 randomly selected clusters from rural districts in 3 countries, and 2604 (23.2%) with hypertension were eligible for the trial
), increasing height (OR:1.8; 95%CI 1.2-2.4), rural residence (OR:1.8; 95%CI 1.1-2.5), higher levels of triglycerides (OR:1.6; 95%CI 1.2-2.0) an
on analysis indicates that female gender (OR:1.7), increasing age, urban living (OR:1.7), Moor ethnicity (OR:2.6), secondary (OR:1.5) and ter
eventive and curative strategies.
energy consumption is high.DOI: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sjdem.v1i1.4180">http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sjdem.v1i1.4180

emical and morphological profile of the CKDu endemics in Central America and Sri Lanka, supporting a common etiology. However, there ar
cal trial registry platform.
he severity grade of ED. Associations of reduced libido in the multivariate analysis were ED (OR=1.61, CI = 1.23-2.70), advancing age (OR = 1
valence of the selected cardiovascular risk factors is common in the adult Sri Lankan population surveyed. Regional differences exist in the
ng, and smoking carry a higher risk for development of MS among Jaffna Tamil community.
e observed increase which may help with future cancer control efforts in Sri Lanka.
e day. This may be overlook in literature originating from affluent countries where footwear use is the norm. Further studies are indicated to
ositive autoimmune diabetes is low among individuals with young adult-onset diabetes in Sri Lanka. Young-onset diabetic phenotypes app
e Microalbumin (OR:1.11) and DBP (OR:1.04) all were significantly associated with DR. CONCLUSIONS In this large multi center study, nearl
oncentration and CKDu stage (P < 0.05). Urine cadmium and arsenic concentrations in individuals with CKDu were at levels known to cause
agnosed.
g/m2, significantly less than GDM group (p=0.03). Risk factor profile – 1(28%); 2(28%); 3 (32%). Previous miscarriage had occurred
was largely the result of a higher incidence of gastritis in patients with HGD and/or adenocarcinoma in the distal third of the esophagus (19
utcome of CRC in young persons. At present, aside from those with an established familial tendency, there is no consensus on screening yo
a indica (Kohomba) (753 + 4.2 μg kg -1), in roots of Terminalia arjuna (Kumbuk) (815±2.4 μg kg -1) and bark of of Terminalia arjuna (115±2.4
n the SA men irrespective of their diabetes status. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved). (journal abstract)
ension were eligible for the trial: 890 in Bangladesh, 861 in Pakistan, and 853 in Sri Lanka. Among these, 63% were women, 50% were over
erides (OR:1.6; 95%CI 1.2-2.0) and longer duration of DM (OR:1.2; 95%CI 1.1-1.3). There is a high prevalence of DPN among Sri Lankan adul
2.6), secondary (OR:1.5) and tertiary levels of education (OR:2.3), monthly household income LKR 7,000-24,999 (OR:1.5) and >50,000 (OR:
doi.org/10.4038/sjdem.v1i1.4180</a> Sri Lanka Journal of Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism 2011; <stro
mmon etiology. However, there are differences, such as a more mixed morphology, more interstitial inflammation and vascular changes in Sr
1.23-2.70), advancing age (OR = 1.7, CI = 1.4-2.2), and absence of masturbation (OR = 3.3, CI = 1.2-8.8). CONCLUSIONS: ED was strongly ass
Regional differences exist in the prevalence of these risk factors. The prevalence of high level of risk factors requires urgent public health a
m. Further studies are indicated to investigate potential associations between walking barefoot, rurality and cultural factors.
g-onset diabetic phenotypes appear as a continuum from autoimmune type 1 diabetes to type 2 diabetes.
his large multi center study, nearly one in five adults with young-onset diabetes was found to have retinopathy. Age, duration of diabetes, H
u were at levels known to cause kidney damage. Food items from the endemic area contained cadmium and lead above reference levels. S
evious miscarriage had occurred in 24% with more still births than in GDM group (p=0.002). Previous GDM was significantly more (p=0.03).
distal third of the esophagus (19/107 or 17.8%) versus the control population (146/2146 or 9.0%; P=0.01). The incidence of H. pylori positi
is no consensus on screening young persons who may be at risk. However, increasing awareness of this cancer in the young and the establi
of of Terminalia arjuna (115±2.4 μg kg -1). The aquatic floating plant, Eichhornia crassipes (553.5± 2.4 μg kg -1) as well as flowers and root
ved). (journal abstract)
3% were women, 50% were overweight or obese, 23.5% had diabetes, and 27% had CVD. While 76% reported being on antihypertensive m
e of DPN among Sri Lankan adults with diabetes. The study defines the impact of previously known risk factors for development of DPN an
4,999 (OR:1.5) and >50,000 (OR:2.1), and physical inactivity (OR:1.6), all significantly increased risk of developing MS. MS is common amon
d Metabolism 2011; 1: 2-7

mation and vascular changes in Sri Lankan patients.
NCLUSIONS: ED was strongly associated with PE and reduced libido. Diabetic patients presenting with one of these three conditions should
s requires urgent public health action.

cultural factors.
thy. Age, duration of diabetes, HbA1C and urine Microalbumin levels were significantly associated with the presence of retinopathy, while
nd lead above reference levels. Serum selenium was <90 μg/l in 63% of those with CKDu and pesticides residues were above reference leve
was significantly more (p=0.03). Pregnancy induced hypertension occurred in 8%. Pregnancy outcome: 100% live births. Mean birth weigh
The incidence of H. pylori positivity was also significantly higher in the patients with HGD and/or adenocarcinoma in the distal third of the
ncer in the young and the established benefit of prevention in older persons, must be a message that should be communicated with medic
kg -1) as well as flowers and roots of Nelumbo sp.(Lotus) (1101± 10.2 μg kg -1) were found to contain excessive amounts of arsenic. These d
ted being on antihypertensive medications, 60% had uncontrolled BP (>140 mm Hg systolic or >90 mm Hg diastolic). Stakeholders supporte
ctors for development of DPN and identifies several new potential risk factors in an ethnically different large subpopulation with DM.
loping MS. MS is common among Sri Lankan adults affecting nearly one-fourth of the population. Female gender, increasing age, urban livi
of these three conditions should be screened for the other two.
presence of retinopathy, while HbA1c was also a significant factor determining severity. Nearly 50% of the study population has never und
dues were above reference levels in 31.6% of those with CKDu. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate chronic exposure of people in the end
0% live births. Mean birth weight 3.014±0.56kg; macrosomia 20%; LSCS 44%; pre-term 16%; neonatal jaundice and hypoglycaemia
rcinoma in the distal third of the esophagus (13/107 or 12.2%) than in the control population (117/2146 or 5.5%; P=0.01). There was no sig
ld be communicated with medical students, primary health care personnel and first contact doctors. The latter constitutes a formidable cha
ssive amounts of arsenic. These data hence indicate their relative capacity of phytoremediation for arsenic (7-8) . Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is on
diastolic). Stakeholders supported the urgent need for MCI strategies whilst patients reported several challenges to accessing and receiving
e subpopulation with DM.
gender, increasing age, urban living, higher socio-economical status and physical inactivity were important associated factors.
study population has never undergone retinal screening by an ophthalmologist, highlighting the need for well organized screening program
nic exposure of people in the endemic area to low levels of cadmium through the food chain and also to pesticides. Significantly higher urin
atal jaundice and hypoglycaemia 20% (significantly more than GDM group, p=0.02); congenital malformation =1(4%). Conclusion: Unequ
5.5%; P=0.01). There was no significant difference between the control group and the patients with junctional and gastric cardiac HGD and
tter constitutes a formidable challenge.
(7-8) . Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the major food crops in many countries and it is one of the dominant sources of arsenic and cadmium
enges to accessing and receiving services (i.e. need for health education, financial constraints) all of which have been addressed in the MC
associated factors.
well organized screening programs.
esticides. Significantly higher urinary excretion of cadmium in individuals with CKDu, and the dose-effect relationship between urine cadmiu
on =1(4%). Conclusion: Unequivocal PGDM occurs among 18% of pregnant diabetics, among older multiparous women with previous GD
onal and gastric cardiac HGD and/or adenocarcinoma for gastritis, H. pylori infection, or the gastric intestinal metaplasia. The absence of ga
sources of arsenic and cadmium. Presence of arsenic in rice samples (n=75) collected from various parts of the country were evaluated and
have been addressed in the MCI. All components of MCI have been rolled out in 15 intervention clusters in 3 countries. Conclusions: The b
lationship between urine cadmium concentration and CKDu stages suggest that cadmium exposure is a risk factor for the pathogensis of CK
tiparous women with previous GDM and still births. GDM was diagnosed before the internationally recommended 24 weeks in 64%, althoug
al metaplasia. The absence of gastritis, H. pylori, and the gastric intestinal metaplasia in 85.9% of the patients with HGD and/or adenocarci
f the country were evaluated and reported that the
n 3 countries. Conclusions: The burden of uncontrolled hypertension and co-existing CVD is alarmingly high in rural Bangladesh, Pakistan, a
k factor for the pathogensis of CKDu. Deficiency of selenium and genetic susceptibility seen in individuals with CKDu suggest that they may
mended 24 weeks in 64%, although their insulin requirement was significantly less than those diagnosed after 24 weeks. Recommendation
nts with HGD and/or adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junctional region strongly suggest that most of these originate in the esoph
in rural Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. If shown to be effective and cost effective, MCI could be a sustainable health system solution
with CKDu suggest that they may be predisposing factors for the development of CKDu.
er 24 weeks. Recommendations: 1) The current timing in pregnancy for screening by OGTT in Sri Lanka requires review. 2) A comprehen
t of these originate in the esophagus. In the small minority of patients whose HGD and/or adenocarcinoma were associated with gastric pa
stainable health system solution for BP control and CVD reduction in South Asia, and potentially other LMICs.
requires review. 2) A comprehensive pre-conception screening programme, particularly for older women with previous GDM and/or previo
a were associated with gastric pathology, the incidence of gastritis and H. pylori infection was significantly higher in patients with HGD and/
with previous GDM and/or previous pregnancy loss, is required. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sjdem.v1i1.4181 Sri Lanka Journal of Diab
higher in patients with HGD and/or adenocarcinoma in the distal third of the esophagus and not in the junctional and "gastric cardiac" tum
1.4181 Sri Lanka Journal of Diabetes Endocrinology and Metabolism 2011; 1 : 8-13
ctional and "gastric cardiac" tumors. This suggests that the reflux of the gastric juice whose composition has been altered by gastritis and H
as been altered by gastritis and H. pylori infection may be associated with an increased tendency to HGD and/or adenocarcinoma in the dis
nd/or adenocarcinoma in the distal third of the esophagus.

Mendeley XML

Diunggah oleh

Informasi Dokumen

Judul Asli

Hak Cipta

Format Tersedia

Bagikan dokumen Ini

Bagikan atau Tanam Dokumen

Opsi Berbagi

Apakah menurut Anda dokumen ini bermanfaat?

Apakah konten ini tidak pantas?

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

Mendeley XML

Diunggah oleh

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

xml records record database name path ref-type name titles title

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 31 Generic SLMA 326.pdf

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Additional

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 31 Generic CKD AS.pdf

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Prevalence

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Prevalence

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Diabetes i

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Effectiveness of screening for d

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Aetiologica

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Prevalence

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article 1,231

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article R'R\

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 31 Generic 016 - 2012.pdf

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 31 Generic 1020-3846-1-PB.pdf

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article I~

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Association

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 31 Generic scan0001.pdf

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Influence of socio-demographi

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Incidence and histological patte

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Prevalence

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Original Article : Assessment of

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article No Title

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Risk estima

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article No Title

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Diabetes me

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Epidemiolog

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Aspergillu

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article The obesity

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Endemic chr

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article The facts,

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Non-alcoholic fatty liver diseas

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 16 Web Page Large cardi

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Prevalence

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Epidemiolog

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Metabolic

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Prevalence

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Province a

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Changes in

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Risk factor

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Morphologi

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Prevalence

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Compromise

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article The burden

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Erectile d

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Assessment

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Prevalence

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Prevalence

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Prevalence

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Metabolic

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Abstracts

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Risk factor

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Periodontit

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Hemoglobin

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Colorectal

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Incidence t

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Temporal tr

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Is walking

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Diabetes m

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Predictors

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Retinopathy

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Prevalence

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Prevalence

Mendeley.Mendeley.Mendeley. 0 Journal Article Prevalence