1. What is the purpose education?

The purpose of education is mainly to open our minds to the new concepts and
ideas that are affecting our world. "Educate a child and he will be able to adjust to the
turbulence of the market place; train a child for a job and he will be dependent upon
government to retrain him when buggy whips are no longer in style,". Without education,
the mind is closed to the changing of times. When education plays a role in someone's
life, they can be the person to change the times. "The purpose of education is the
preservation and enhancement of knowledge and the development of character within
our given form of society which will best prepare the individual for the conditions of
extreme novelty the near future is bringing,". An uneducated person would not be very
accepting towards the innovations yet to come. An educated person would adapt to the
advancements and know how to work them into daily life. The purpose of education is to
help student become critical thinkers. Critical thinking helps people to understand the
concepts of the changing world and why it is changing. In this way, the mind becomes
more open to the changes through understanding. "That is why it is very important to find
out while you are young what it is you really love to do; and this is the only way to create
a new society," . When a person is educated in the thing they love to do, they try to make
improvements to that subject. These improvements involve reevaluating the subject.
Once the subject is reevaluated, it can lead to changes in both that subject and society.

2. What content and skills should school develop?

It is the authentic learning and student collaborative skills that will help them to be
productive, contributing members of the society who can work with diverse people. To
teach the content curriculum, there should be the use of instructional strategies and
method like the Socratic Method to keep them active in the learning process. The
institution should see to it that that there are varied activities given and these activities
are usually in group and this becomes their first-hand experience that they will take until
they finish the learning course and for lifetime use.

3. How should schools teach the content of the curriculum?

 Cooperative Learning remains a popular approach to teaching and learning.
Using this approach gives students the opportunity to provide support to each
other, helping them acquire the important collaborative skills they'll need to bring
into the workforce.
 Direct instruction, often called "chalk and talk" by its detractors, refers to an
approach which encompasses multiple traditional teaching methods. Though
lecturing is the primary means of direct instruction, the term refers to any learning
activity where the teacher has the primary role in guiding the learner.
 Inquiry Learning is the opposite of direct instruction. Unlike direct instruction,
which is led exclusively by the teacher, inquiry learning is student-directed. The
teacher provides the students with an issue or question and facilitates the process
of uncovering the knowledge. Students in an inquiry-based classroom play an
active role throughout.

4. What are the roles of the students and teachers in the teaching-learning process?

 Teachers. Teachers' roles today are considerably different than they used to be.
Teachers were once issued a specific curriculum to teach, and a set of instructions
on how to teach it, using the same methods for all students. In today's world, a
teacher's role is quite multifaceted. Their job is to counsel students, help them learn
how to use their knowledge and integrate it into their lives so ths’ey will become
valuable members of society. Teachers are encouraged to adapt learning methods
to each individual student's learning, to challenge and inspire them to learn.
 The modern teaching profession is also about taking on broader roles to promote
education. Teachers often:
1. Work with politicians, colleagues, and community members to set clear and
obtainable standards for their students;
2. Participate in the decision making that helps to deal with the problems that affect
the students' learning; and
3. Mentor new teachers to prepare them to teach the youth of today.

 Students. Engage actively in learning activity. • Learners are assessed as a part

of daily learning through a range activities including dialogue and interaction with
peers and teachers, practical investigations, performances, oral presentations,
and discussions. • Learners are assessed on written work and on products such
as artwork, report, projects. Demonstrate their knowledge and understanding,
skills, capabilities. • Review their own learning through self-assessment.

5. How should learning be assessed?

Learning should be assessed by in lining it to the objectives. There are different
assessment methods, assessment tools and assessment tasks to assess several
domains of learning – cognitive, affective and psychomotor. No single assessment
method/tool/task can assess all forms of learning. With Gardner’s learner’s multiple
intelligences, learning assessed can be demonstrated in nine different ways and therefore
can be assessed in nine different ways, too. Teacher, therefore, should make use of
varied assessment tools and tasks. In fact, one principle of assessment is to make use of
varied methods and tools
1. What are the social institutions?
Social institutions are special structures which are organized to meet the basic
needs of society.

 Family. It is a group of people who are related by marriage, blood, or adoption and
who often live together sharing a common residence and common economic
resources.

The family is the universal social institution. Its functions are: provides for physical
and emotional needs of its members; develops socialization skills; develops
valuing, sense of right or wrong, proper behavior and religious practice. Parents
are regarded as the students’ first teacher.

 Education. Refers to the process in which knowledge, skills, values and pattern
of behavior are transmitted from an individual or group to another. Schooling is
formal education which involves instruction based on a curriculum by professional
teachers. School acts as agent of socialization. Society’s expectation from the 21st
century teachers :

1. Help the students succeed in the knowledge society

2. Prepare students to be functioning members of society.
3. Teach virtues such as punctuality, truth, hard work, honesty, hygiene, patriotism,
love and sincerity, obedience, etc. Society needs these values to be propagated.
4. Act as the bridge between the school and the community.
5. Identify pressing issues and provide enlightenment to society. The 21st century
education demands opportunities for the students to develop intellectually,
ethically and aesthetically. They also expect the school to develop skills to prepare
the students to meet challenges of the new era.

 Religion. It is a system of roles and norms that involves faith which binds people
together in social groups. The church is an institutionalized organization of
religious believers following a body of doctrine or dogma. Religious beliefs
encourage strengthening of bonds among people and cultivate social solidarity and
collective conscience among the believers. Religion provides meaning of life. It
fosters closeness, love, cooperation and helpfulness among its members.

 Government. It is an institution that holds the power to make and enforce the rules
and laws of society. The ruling body must be recognized by its people to enforce
the laws or rules and govern them. In democratic type of government, the citizens
elect their official periodically to govern them for the period.

2. What skills did you learn from your father/mother which you now practice as an adult?
What habits have you developed which started at home?

 My parents taught me how to cook. I remember when I was a kid, and as a foodie
too, I would always watch them in the kitchen how they prepare and cook the food.
Then, as I grew a little bit older, they would ask me to cook, still with their guidance.
Now, that I’m already big enough, I am assigned as the cook of the family.
3. What type of government do we have in the Philippines? What kind of a leader should
we elect to govern us?
 The Philippines has a democratic republic with a presidential form of government
with 3 branches namely: executive, legislative and judicial.

 The following qualities of a good leader may be too idealistic, but we can still find
most of these traits in a certain person who is running in the government position.
Here are 10 qualities that every good leader should possess: honesty, action,
passion, respect, confidence, independence, commitment, accountability,
humility, and love.