Subsea Technology

By
Lurohman Mamin M &
Endiandika Tri Putranto

Prepared for :
General Course (18th January 2014)
Ocean Engineering - ITB
 Content of Presentation
1. Subsea Facilities Overview
2. Reservoir
3. Wellhead System
4. Xmass Tree
5. Template and Manifold
6. Flowline and Umbilical
7. Control System and Surface Facilities
8. Well Intervention
9. Study Case : Snøre Field
Sources:
www.subsea1.com
Subsea Technology Lecture Note
Offshore Field Development Lecture Note
Subsea Facility Overview
 Petroleum System
A Petroleum system is defined by geologic components and process
necessary to generate and store hydrocarbon. The petroleum system is
consisted as follow:
• Mature source rock
• Migration Pathway
• Reservoir rock
• Trap, and
• Seal.
Petroleum System
Migration of Hydrocarbon to Reservoir
Type of Traps
Wellhead System
Wellhead
The Wellhead is a part of the
Wellhead System and is
providing the suspension point
and pressure seals for the casing
strings.
The wellhead housing has
internal profiles for:
• Provide support for all
subsequent casing strings.
• Provide support for tubing
hanger. (VXMT)
External profiles :
• As an attachment of the
drilling and completion
equipment (Blow Out
Preventer, Xmas Tree)
• Weelhead landing in the
conductor housing.
Casing
Casing type:
• Conductor
• Surface Casing
• Intermediete Casing
• Production Cassing
• Liner. (Liners are really just
like casing but they do not
extend all the way to the
surface. A liner is
suspended from the larger
casing above it by means of
a slip device called a liner
hanger)
 Wellhead Installation
Typical Installation of the Wellhead System.
• Drilling hole for Conductor Housing
• Running the Conductor Housing assembly (including mudmat and Drilling Guidebase/Retrievable
guide Base)
• Drilling through the Conductor Housing
• Running the Wellhead
• Run the BOP
• Running the Bore Protector in WH on drillpipe
• Drilling through the Wellhead
• Retrieving the Bore Protector with Multi Utility Tool (MUT)
• Running the 14” Casing Hanger
• Running the 14” Casing Hanger Pack-off
• Running the 14” Wear Bushing
• (Same procedure for all cassing)
• Running the Upper Casing Hanger Pack-off
• Retrieve BOP
• Retrieval of drilling/retrievable guide base
• Installation of production guide base
Well Integrity
• Well Integrity is Technical,
Operational, and
Organizational solution to
make sure there are no
hydrocarbon leakage from
reservoir to external
environment. (NORSOK
D010)
• Dual independent barirers
philosophy: ‘There should
be always two
independent barrier
available at a time.
Primary (blue) and
Secondary (Red)’ the two
barriers ha to be
independent of esch other
Barrier Conditions
Xmass Tree
Function of Valve
The Differences
Vertical vs. Horizontal
• Vertical
• Tree valves stacked vertically on ASV
PSV
XOV

PWV

top of tubing hanger AWV

• Downhole functions provided ANNULUS / SERVICE

AMV
PRODUCTION OUTLET
through the bottom of the tree OUTLET
PMV

to the top of the tubing hanger DHSV VX TEST

through hydraulic / electric

connections
• Production tubing and tubing
hanger installed prior to VXT

CONVENTIONAL SUBSEA TREE

 Vertical vs. Horizontal
• Horizontal
INTERNAL TREE CAP

CROWN PLUG

• Production fluid flows from side of TREE CAP TEST / VENT

P
tubing hanger through production
flowline with horizontal valve AWV AAV
DHSV XOV
P

configuration PMV PWV

AMV

• Downhole functions provided through ANNULUS / SERVICE

OUTLET VX TEST

radial penetrators on the side of the PRODUCTION

OUTLET
tubing hanger SUBSEA TREE ASSEMBLY

• HXT installed prior to production WELLHEAD SYSTEM

tubing and tubing hanger

HORIZONTAL SUBSEA TREE

 Installation Sequences

BOP (Blow Out Preventer)

LMRP (Low Marine Riser Package)
BOP and LMRP
BOP and LMRP
Template and Manifold
Manifold :
• Control : well production, water
and gas injection between wells
and injection wells
• Distribution: hydraulic, hydrat
inhibitor, chemicals, and annulus
service lines for control cables and
service lines for each wells
• Pigging loop
Template :
• Protection : Fishing gear, Dropped
objects, Sealine loads, Drilling and
Completion equipment load, etc.
• Foundation Support : Fixed
template structure foundation,
manifold foundation support,
Xmass Tree foundation support,
piping and control module
foundation support, etc.
Template Components
Manifold
 Type of Structure

Cluster

Template
 Selection Consideration for Orman Lange Subsea
Structure
1. Seabed: (soil condition,un-even seabed, boulders)
2. Reservoir profiles: (High temp, high pressure,
sand,hydrates,insulation,heating)
3. Weight: (support, installation,vessel capacity)
4. Current: (Scouring effects, vibration,installation)
5. Deep Water: (time, weight,guiding)
6. Weather: (Installation, Wind, waves, Ice, access, hydrodynamics)
7. Distance: (Transit time,weather window, seafastening)
8. Capacity in marked: (Deliverables, marine operations)
Installation of Template and Manifold

• Installation of stand alone manifold

• Installation of manifold on template
Flowline and Umbilical
Riser System
Flexible Riser
Umbilical
An umbilical is conduit to connect
between the topside host facility and
the subsea control system, in order to
provide line that is used for :
• Hydraulic fluid
• Chemical fluid
• Electric power, and
• Electric control signal
Control System and Surface Facilities
Control System and Surface Facilities

The Control System is

used to control and
provide hydraulic
pressure, electrical power
and signal and transfer to
the different tolls via
umbilical assemblies.
Typical Well Control System
Instalation Work
Over Control
System (IWOCS)

Temporary Well Control

System that is used during
Completion and Work Over
Activity.
 Well Intervention

Well intervention is every activity related and effected to the

well during installation, operation and post-operation.
 Type of Well Intervention

Well intervention :
• Peforation / re-peforation
• Install / Repair DHSV
• Logging
• Wireline Operation
• Xmass Tree Maintenance
• Chemical Injection
• Work Over
• etc
 Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV)
This is underweter robot. It
is manoeuvred by a person
on-board of a vessel.
The purpose with the
Remotely Operated Vehicle
(ROV) is among others to
carry ROV tools
which enable installation
and retreival of
parts/modules of the
subsea production system
and to enable opening and
closing of valves
For example:
ROV Operation during istallation of Foundation with Suction Anchor
 Snorre Field Development: First
By Lurohman Mamin-Masturi (218863) and
Endiandika Tri Putranto (218922), Master Program,
University of Stavanger, Norway, 2013

Phase
Presented in Subsea Technology Course (OFF550) University of Stavanger, Norway, 2013
Statfjord A

TLP - PDQ –
Snorre A

Hull

Subsea Test Trees /

riser
Pipelines to
Wellhead Statfjord A
Template
Production Riser

Control Lines
Template/Manifold Steel Leg Tensioner
/ Umbilicals
/ pretension tethers
Flowline
s Ring Pontoon
Picture 2 Artistik Landmark of Snorre A[5]
Picture 1 TLP’s Wellbay
Layout[3]

Snorre field (Statoil Petroleum AS) : TLP [3][4][9]:

- STOOIP about 2.3 billion barrels: 112
MMSCM of oil, 7 BSCM of gas, 3
MMT of liquid[8]
- TLP with SPS Template Piped to
Statfjord A[9]
- Recovery Strategy: water injection, gas
injection, water alternating gas (WAG)
Picture 3 Snorre Field
Layout injection[7]
- 16 pretension tethers
- Hull displaced 106, 5000 tonnes of water
during operation condition
- TLP total weight 102, 000 tonnes:
40,000 tonnes of deck load, and 62,000
tonnes of hull weight c/w pretension
tethers and riser tensioners
- 4 collumns hull with 25 m diameter
 Picture 4 Snorre –A casing program[10]

The SPS features of Snorre

field comprise following sub-
systems[2]:
‒ Template and manifold
Picture 5 Snorre-A subsea TFL Picture 6 Snorre-A TLP
‒ Subsea trees and completion monobore completion
completion workover
equipment
‒ Through Flow Line
(TFL) and downhole
string
‒ Subsea control system
and umbilicals
‒ Remotely operated
maintenance vehicle
‒ Remotely operated
vehicle
‒ Flowlines and risers
‒ System maintenance
Picture 7 Snorre –A template manifold[2]
Picture 8 Snorre –
A gas export riser
system[3][4]
Thank You