DC Motor Analysis

Flux 2D

Dr. Farid ZIDAT – Senior Application Engineer

Dr. Patrick LOMBARD – Lead Application Specialist
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DC motor analysis : content

• Geometry and mesh (Using Overlays)
• First analysis to set the brush angles
• Constant speed for back emf
• Constant speed fed with voltage supply
• Starting

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Geometry and Mesh

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1.Geometry and mesh

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1.Geometry and mesh

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1.Geometry and mesh

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1.Geometry and mesh

• Exit Overlay and Mesh the project:

• Save the Project as: GEOMESH.FLU

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Brush Angle Determination

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2.Brush angle : defining the physics

• Why brush angle determination ?
• One difficulty with collector is the way to set the brush angles
• We propose to run a specific computation at constant speed (close to the working speed)
• With no stator, and no magnet (they are air or vacuum region)
• With a specific variable for initial brush angle
• The goal is to display the animation of flux density line and to check where they are compare to the
stator flux density
• According to theory, the rotor flux density should be in quadrature with stator flux density in order to
get the maximum torque available

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2.Brush angle : defining the physics

• Open « GEOMESH.FLU »
• Save as « BRUSHANGLE.FLU »
• Define the magnetic transient application:

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2.Brush angle : defining the physics

• Materials

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2.Brush angle : defining the physics

• Mechanical sets

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2.Brush angle : defining the physics

• Mechanical sets

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2.Brush angle : defining the physics

• Create the circuit
• Load macro :

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2.Brush angle : defining the physics

• Create the circuit
• Run the macro :

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2.Brush angle : defining the physics

• Face ragions definition

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2.Brush angle : defining the physics

• Face ragions definition

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 © 2016 Altair Engineering, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential. All rights reserved.

2.Brush angle : defining the physics

• Face ragions definition

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 © 2016 Altair Engineering, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential. All rights reserved.

2.Brush angle : defining the physics

• Face ragions definition

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 © 2016 Altair Engineering, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential. All rights reserved.

2.Brush angle : defining the physics

• Face ragions definition

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 © 2016 Altair Engineering, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential. All rights reserved.

2.Brush angle : defining the physics

• Face ragions definition

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 © 2016 Altair Engineering, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential. All rights reserved.

2.Brush angle : defining the solving scenario

• Create scenario

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2.Brush angle : analysing results

• Display flux lines

• By modifying the parameter Co_TETAINI, one can rotate the initial flux line distribution
• If Co_TETAINI is set to 0°, then the flux line will be perpendicular to magnets flux lines

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2.Brush angle : method to define the initial angle of the collector

• On theoretical point of view, the coils should be fed to create a rotor magnetic field in
quadrature with stator field
Stator field and rotor field

At beginning of switching At end of switching

• The computation with no magnet allows to check that point

• It will lead to a positive torque in that case (for positive speed)

• Modifying the SHIFT_ANGLE parameter will allow to adjust this angle

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Back EMF
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3.Back emf : defining the physics

• Delete all project results

• Save as with a new name

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3.Back emf : defining the physics

• What do we need to do ?
• Replace air or vacuum region by magnet and stator
• Replace linear region of rotor by M800-50A
• Set the voltage supply to zero
• Set the resistance of supply to CO_RESIST_VAL = 10000 Ω (back emf will be taken on the resistance)
• Set the speed to 10000 rpm

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3.Back emf : defining the physics

• Materials

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3.Back emf : defining the physics

• Face regions

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3.Back emf : defining the physics

• Face regions

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3.Back emf : defining the physics

• Face regions

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3.Back emf : defining the physics

• Circuit

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3.Back emf : defining the solving scenario

• Mechanical sets

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3.Back emf : defining the solving scenario

• Scenario

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3.Back emf : analysing results

• Display of voltage on R1 and of position

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3.Back emf : analysing results

• Display of voltage on Coil_1

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3.Back emf : analysing results

• B color shade

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Constant Speed
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4.Constant speed : defining the physics

• Next computation is to set the speed at 10000 rpm
• Goal : look at current ripple and torque ripple
• Delete all the results of the previous project BACKEMF.FLU.
• Save as CONSTANT_SPEED.FLU

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4.Constant speed : defining the physics

• Circuit

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4.Constant speed : defining the physics

• Circuit

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4.Constant speed : defining the solving scenario

• Scenario

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4.Constant speed : analysing results

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4.Constant speed : analysing results

• Electrical power is negative as it is considered as a source

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4.Constant speed : analysing results

• Peak current at starting

• Current is OK at steady state, switching in front of the brush

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