Discussion

In this experiment, we learnt how to create a fundamental NC program for computer

numerical control (CNC). We used CATIA software in order to developed our desire
shape and design. Then, we proceed to CNC milling machine for cutting and engraving
process. We utilized the NC program to create a product that link to CNC milling
machine. The outcome that we obtained for our product which is an engraving of our
class group name on the wooden square as shown in Figure 1. The engraved shape
of our final product is not completed and the surface of final product isn’t smooth.

Simple mistakes of coding can bring harm to the work piece. So, in order to prevent
such thing happen, simulation was done in CATIA. It was used to set the coordinate
point of the design, dimension of the block and the datum on the wooden block design.
We analyse the simulation in CATIA and when everything went according to our desire
and the process were done completely, then we continue to the CNC milling machine.
We send the NC code to the Modela Player 4 programming which were associated
with CNC milling machine (Modela MDX-40). This software was utilized for
confirmation process before run the CNC machine.

The setup of suitable cutting tool was needed to specify the depth, cutting feed, spindle
speed accordingly to counteract mistake amid the engraving process. Each movement
and direction were made in CATIA programming, for example, the procedure, security
plane, machine speed rate, spindle rate, tool setting and so on. It was then proselyte
to NC file for both part and configuration process. At long last, the NC code generated
to indicate the controller. The codes were really a list of guidance that will be perused
by CNC processing machine to work accordingly to produce the desire shape.
Conclusion

As a conclusion, we learnt about some basic concept along the way as experiment
being done. We also get the fundamental of the codes to make the CNC machine work
perfectly according to our need. Aside from that, the CNC milling machine is suitable
to prevent the trouble of cutting or engraving the difficult shapes of hard materials such
as metal, wood etc. Compared to traditional method of engraving, CNC milling
machine make the process easier and cost for mass production also lower. As CNC
milling machine can operate automatically with minimal or without using manpower for
a long time. It also suitable to fabricate the product which need high quantity in short
time with much details on the design part. The objectives of this experiment also
achieved as we get the knowledge of NC program for CNC milling machine.

Recommendation

There are several factors that causes our engraving not perfect or completed. First,
the diameter used for our tools was a bit larger compare to the thickness of the letter.
Either we make a larger font or changing our cutting tool to smaller diameter. The
smaller cutting tools can fit the stroke of the smaller thickness letter. Next, the
velocities and feeds of CNC machine must be kept steady for a superior outcome
when utilizing a CNC processing machine. This is essential to keep those factors
above steady as conceivable as thermal expansion can occur when working on the
work piece. In addition, the quality of product can be increase by giving coolant to the
cutting tools as it lessens friction on the work piece, so we can improve our finished
product. We also need to apply oil consistently to keep away from inner component of
the machine to rust. Lastly, proper and clear instruction ought to be given by the
instructor before let the users handle it. An instruction how to use the machine can be
put near the machine in the event that instructor’s absence.