THE PHILIPINE CONSTITUTION

CONSTITUTION refers to that “that body of rules and maxims in accordance with which the powers of
sovereignty are habitually exercised

The Constitution of the Philippines may be defined as that written instrument by which the
fundamental powers of the government are established, limited, and defined and by which these powers
are distributed among the several among departments or branches for their safe and useful exercise for the
benefit of the people.

What are the obligations and duties of the citizens?

1.To be loyal to the Republic

This means that we have faith and confidence in the republic and love for and devotion to the country.

2. To defend the State

Considering the fact that our country is our home, it is our prime duty to love and defend the state all cost
regardless of our creed, religious, beliefs and wisdom.

3. To contribute to the development and welfare of the State

 How can we contribute to the development and welfare of the state?

We can do this in the form of paying our taxes willingly and promptly, by helping maintain peace
and order, conserving natural resources, the promotion of social justice by suggesting supportive
measures beneficial to the people as awhole, by patronizing local products and trade and by engaging in
productive work.

4. To uphold the Constitution and obey the laws

 It is our prime obligation to uphold the Constitution and obey the laws. If the people would
disregard them, our country would collapse and we will not have peace an order.

5. To cooperate with duly constituted authorities

In every organization, there is always a leader to manage the affairs of all the constituent. If members will
not cooperate, we can never expect to become successful in all the undertakings that our government
would like to do for the good of its citizens

6. To exercise rights responsibly and with due regard for the rights of others

 No man is an island and we have to live with others. In the exercise of our rights, we have to see
to it that we also respect the rights of other people. If we do this we can expect harmonious
relationship among members of the society.

7. To engage in gainful work

 It is stated in the Bible that “if we want to eat, we have to work”.

 It is our obligation as citizens of our country to become productive, by engaging in gainful works
so that we can provide the basic needs of our family and ourselves as well.

8. To register and vote

 It is our prime duty as citizens of the Philippines to register and vote. Suffrage is both a privilege
and a duty, which every qualified citizen must perform.

PREAMBLE OF THE 1987 PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION

“We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of almighty God in
order to build a just and humane society and establish a Government that
shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the common good, conserve
and develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity, the
blessings of independence and democracy under the rule of law, and a regime
of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality and peace, do ordain and promulgate
this Constitution”.
THE BASIC VALUES OF THE FILIPINO PEOPLE

 We can be good citizens if we are to adhere to the basic values enshrined and stipulated in the
Preamble of our 1987 Philippine Constitution.

1.UNITY

We want to be one as people. We cherished oneness—as co-citizens of our country

2. PATRIOTISM

We want the best for our country. We want our country be respected and honored by its citezenry and by
the whole world.

3. FAITH IN ALMIGHTY GOD

We want to have God present in our lives. We want to have a relationship of trust in him. We want to ask
for God’s help beyond what ourselves can do.

4. RESPECT FOR LIFE

We want all human life to be preserved, nurtured and safeguarded

5. RESPECT FOR LAW AND GOVERNMENT

We want the rule of law be upheld by all and at all times, that Government be accorded respect and all
laws be complied with.

6. TRUTH
We that we ourselves and others be true; that truth reign in our land.

7. JUSTICE

We want that everyone be given what is due him/her as human being and that what governs all
relationships is morally and legally right.

8. FREEDOM

We want that each one of us be able to exercise our freedom of will.

9. LOVE

We want that teach one of us desire to love and be loved. Love begins love. If love reigns in our heart the
harmonious relationship of all the people will prevail.

10. EQUALITY

We want that each one of us have the opportunity to be fully human and that no one be the victim of
prejudices or biases of any kind and that the interest of one not be sacrificed against his will for the good
of another.

11. PEACE

We want to live in serene and secure community with a harmonious relationship with our neighbors. A
place which is tranquil could expect harmony among others and ourselves as well as with the
environment.

12. PROMOTION OF THE GOOD

We all Filipinos to meet their basic needs and to have opportunities to develop and use our God-given
potentials.

13. CONCERN FOR THE FAMILY AND FUTURE GENERATIONS

We want what is best for our family and for every single members in the present and future generations.

14. CONCERN FOR THE ENVIRONMENT

We want the environment to be preserved and nurtured and for ourselves and others to be good stewards
of the environment.

15. ORDER

We want organization, system and predictability in all aspect of our lives and our daily lives as a nation

16. WORK

Everybody wants to have a job to support the basic needs of his family
CHAPTER II: VALUES EDUCATION

Values

• Comes from the latin word “valere” which means to measure the worth of something

• Ideas and norms man considers relevant and good.

• A value has been defined as any object activity or frame that a person considers to be very
important to his or her own life

Max Scheler (1874-1928)

• A German philosopher

• The foremost exponent of “axiology”

Axiology

• The philosophical science and values

• The study of nature, types and criteria of value judgement especially in ethics

VALUE SYSTEM

• All of our values taken together

• A coherent set of values adopted and evolved by a person, organization, or society as a standard
to guide its behavior in preferences in all situation.

CORPORATE CULTURE

• Is a system of values shared throughout any given place or organization

VALUES EDUCATION

The process by which people give and teaches moral values to others by an appropriately qualified person
that can take place in school, home, community and environment. It imparts other that could create and
help them to have a pleasant attitude towards others/life

Types of Values Education

EXPLICIT VALUES EDUCATION Is associated with methods programmes that educators/teachers

use in order to create learning experiences for students.

IMPLICIT VALUES EDUCATION Covers the aspects of the educational experience that results in the
value of influence or learning itself

CORE AND RELATED VALUES

• Physical • Intellectual
 • Moral • Economic

• Spiritual • Political

• Social, Family and Society

THE MEANING OF MAN AS A PERSON

Man as a person, then, means that man is unique, a who, a subject, and a self

Since man is person, his “Being-with” existence should not be confused with a “Being-for” kind of
existence

Personalism

 Is a philosophical movement, founded by Parker Browne, and was developed by Max

Scheler, Emmanuel Mounier, Henri Bergson, and Martin Buber.

 Study of man as a person

 Rejects the legalistic connotation of the term person

THE SELF

• Self is broadly defined as the essential qualities that make a person distinct from all others

• The “self” is the idea of a unified being which is the source of consciousness

• One way to understand this selfhood is to conceive it as a personal role that one plays in general
drama of life.

CHRISTIAN ANTHROPOLOGY is the study of humanity from a Christian/biblical perspective; it is

primarily focused on the nature how the immaterial and material aspects of a man relate to each other

BIBLICAL BASIS OF A MAN

Genesis 2:7 New International

Version (NIV) 7

Then the Lord God formed a man from the dust of the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of
life, and the man became a living being.

The Meaning of Man as a Person(Biblical Basis)

The term “person” cannot be exclusively attached to human being since not all persons are considered
human being and vice versa.

What God’s Man Is?

a. Jesus illustrates that the man, as a God defines him, is the one who accepts responsibility
 b. Jesus also illustrates that a man, as God defines him, is courageous, especially in the face of
danger

c. Furthermore, Jesus illustrates that a man, as God defines him, is faithful; he is a man of integrity

d. d. Finally, as God defines him, a man should be loving

THE DIMENSION OF VALUES

Dr. Harman identified three dimensions of reality, which he called the Dimensions of Value. We value
everything in one of these three ways or in a combination of these three dimensions.

THE SYSTEMIC DIMENSION

• The systemic dimension is the world of yes/no, black/white, and should. There are no possible
shades of maybe or partially. The concept is either fulfilled or not fulfilled.

• There is no middle ground or partial fulfillment in the systemic. You either perfectly fulfill the
concept (ideal, definition, law, policy, etc.) or you do not fulfill the concept.

THE EXTRINSIC DIMENSION

• This is the dimension of comparisons

• It includes the elements of the real, material world, comparisons of good/better/best, and seeing
things as they compare with other things in their class.

• This dimension is not actually addressing how the thing or person contains the properties of the
group or class to which it belongs.

THE INTRINSIC DIMENSION

• The dimension of uniqueness and singularity

• There is no comparing

• There is no fulfilling of concepts

• Intrinsic valuation is displayed in places like “You’re the ONLY girl in the world!”’ “I LOVE
you just the way you are”, “That is an heirloom and is PRICELESS

HIERARCHY OF RICHNESS

• Dr. Hartman identified a “hierarchy of richness” which positioned the intrinsic dimension as the
best dimension and the systematic as the lowest.

• This ranking was based on richness of qualities, the actual definition of the term “better’

• This mathematically determined ordering is consistent with philosophy, psychology, and theology
(it is better to love than to serve, which is better than obeying the law).
DIMENSION TENSIONS IN DAILY LIFE

• Tension often exist between and among dimensions.

• Another example of tension between dimensions is found in daily workplace.

• WHEN IMBALANCES OCCUR

INCLUSIONS OF DIMENSIONS BY THE HIGHER DIMENSIONS

• When one value intrinsically, this does not exclude extrinsic and systemic valuation.

• To have balanced intrinsic valuing the extrinsic and the systematic valuation must be present.

Crime Prevention

CRIME

Gregorio (1988), the commission or omission by a person having capacity , of any act, which is either
prohibited or compelled by law and the commission or omission of which is punishable by a
proceeding brought in the name of the government whose law has been violated. (Wharton’s Criminal
Law, 1957, Vol. 1, p.11)

CRIME PREVENTION

is the attempt to reduce and deter crime and criminals. It is applied specifically to efforts made by
governments to reduce crime, enforce the law, and maintain criminal justice.

How to minimize crime?

COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT

 a conscious collective effort to maintain peace and order in the neighborhood is far more effective
than self or family-oriented approach to crime prevention

 good leadership and the active participation of community members are vital

 regular crime prevention meetings should be held to discuss the most common modus operandi of
criminals and thieves and the countermeasures against them

 resident volunteers, in group of two or three, can walk the streets in designated areas at specific
hours

 when a crime is in progress, volunteers should call "117"

 a witness to an ongoing crime can alert neighbors by making noise or giving pre-arranged signals.
He should call "117"
 if the Ronda group is small, only the leader of the volunteers should know the time and area of
the neighborhood walk

How to keep your family safe?

1. Know the general whereabouts. If possible have a schedule in the kitchen.

2. Instruct all the family members.

3. Teach your family and household help to verify the identity of the phone caller.

4. Never give information on the whereabouts of family members to anyone on the phone

5. Have a standing order that a designated family member be contacted in an emergency.

6. Be aware on a phone calls and report that your family member has been in an accident and asking
for family member or household help

7. Household applicants should be ask for clearance and ID pictures. It could be better if they are
recommended by a relative or friends

How to keep the children safe?

1. Advice children to refrain from playing/loitering on the roads outside your residence where they
are highly vulnerable to abduction. Also, advice them never to leave home without telling you of
their destination and expected arrival time.

Carefully "BACK-CHECK" references of anyone you intend to employ- baby-sitter, domestic helper,
gardener, driver or even security guards. It is very possible that the kidnappers would be utilizing
such persons to infiltrate your residence so as to acquire vital information on household valuables,
layouts and patterns

3. Hiring a security guard for the street will greatly improve the security situation of your residence.

4. Teach your children not to talk to strangers, especially in school.

5. Ask your children's school to help provide security by not giving out any information on your
children to anybody and avoiding publicity in which students are named or their pictures shown.

6. Insist that strict guidelines be followed as to the persons authorized to pick up your children.

7. Instruct children on how to call "117" in case strangers or suspicious characters hang around the
house.

8. At night, keep the door to the children's room open so that any unusual noise may be easily heard.
9. Keep the house well-lighted if it is necessary to leave the children home.

How to keep strangers out?

1. Verify the identity of callers at your gate before opening the door.

2. Never admit strangers under any pretext.

3. Ensure that all windows and doors have locks.

4. Keep only the door that is used to enter the house open; all other doors and windows must be
locked to prevent from unnoticed entry.

Make it a habit to check all doors and windows are locked at night before going to sleep.

6. During stormy weather, double check door and window locks

7. Never tempt potential offenders with a full view of your house.

How to secure your belongings?

 Don’t leave items on show ANYWHERE.

 Make notes and inventory.

 Lock doors, even if you’re only going away for a few moments.

 Use password protection.

 Don’t carry (and certainly don’t show off) large amounts of money.

 Carrying your belongings around

 Don’t leave belongings unattended.

Protection for Bomb threats

BOMB

is a device capable of producing danger to property and injury or death to people when detonated or
ignited.

Responding to Bomb Threats

Each threat received through any means of communication should be treated as a real and must be
forwarded to the proper authorities.

A. Telephone Bomb threats- the receiving party must remain calm and courteous. Try to obtain as
much information as possible from the caller. Take note of the following procedure

1. Get the identity of the caller.

2. Take note of the following characteristics;

•male or female voice

•accent of voice

•speech impediments or peculiar voice characteristics

•any background noise

•does the voice sound familiar

3. The exact words of the person placing the call.

4. Show no emotion on the phone.

5. Know the exact location of the bomb.

6. Know the description of the bomb/composition of the explosive.

7. Repeat the message to the caller whenever possible and ask for confirmation.

8. The receiving party should remain calm and courteous.

9. He should listen carefully and write down accurately the information the caller provides.

10. If possible, refer the caller to a supervisor or a person in authority to exact more information.

11. Take note of the exact time the suspect hang up.

12. The person receiving the bomb threat should attempt to ask the caller certain questions:

1. when is the bomb going to explode?

2. where is the bomb right now?

3. what type of bomb is it?

4. what does the bomb look like?

5. what will cause it to explode?

6. why did you place the bomb

13. Remember that the caller may not answer your questions, but any additional information that he
may relate will be helpful.

14. It may be advisable to inform the caller that the building is occupied and the denotation of bomb
could result in death or serious injury to many innocent people.

15. Once the telephone threat is received, notify your local police at once.
B. Hand written or typed notes

- documents and other materials which are received should be carefully handled to preserve marks,
finger prints, etc... For examination by competent authorities. This items should be forwarded
immediately to the proper authorities for analysis and evaluation. Written messages should never be
ignored.

CALAMITY AND DISASTER PREPAREDNESS

DIFFERENCE

DISASTER

 A serious disruption of the community’s function or a society causing a widespread human,

material, economic or environmental losses

CALAMITIES

 An event that causes great harm and suffering

TWO CATEGORIES OF DISASTER

 NATURAL DISASTERS

-refers to those disasters that are triggered by natural phenomena (such as earthquakes, cyclones,
floods and etc.) are known technically natural hazards

 MAN MADE DISASTER

-refers to disasters resulting from man-made hazards, it can be divides into three categories…

 Armed Conflict

 Technological disasters and

Disasters that caused by natural hazards but that occur in human settlements

COMMON TYPES OF DISASTER

Typhoons

-tropical storms, cyclones, hurricanes, although named differently, describe the same disaster type.

-essentially, these disaster types refer to a large scale closed circulation system in the atmosphere
which combines low pressure and strong winds that rotate counter clockwise in northern hemisphere
and clockwise in the southern hemisphere.

Drought
-is an insidious phenomenon

-unlike rapid onset disaster, it tightens it’s grip over time, gradually destroying an area.

-drought can last for many years in severe cases and have a devastating effect on agriculture and
water supplies.

Flash floods-

are sudden and extreme volume of water that flow rapidly and cause inundation.

-because of it’s rapid nature flash floods are difficult to forecast and give people little time to escape
or to take food and other essentials with them.

Earthquake

are the result of forces deep within the earth’s interior.

-sudden break within the upper layers of the earth, sometimes breaking the surface, resulting in the
vibration of the ground, which where strong enough will cause the collapse of building and
destruction of life property.

-earthquake usually happens along a fault plate, the boarder between plates.

Tornados

Are rotating columns of air (vortex) that emerge out of the base of a cumulonimbus clouds and have
contact to the earth’s surface.

-Typically a tornado forms during a severe convective storm in so-called super cells and is often
visible as a funnel-shaped cloud.

-tornados are usually short-lived, lasting on average no more than 10 minutes.

Volcanic Eruption

pertains to the volcanic materials ejected such as lava, ashes, rock fragments, steam and other gases
through a fissure brought about by tremendous pressure which forces open the rock formation
overlying pockets of molten rocks or stream reservoirs found under the earth’s crust.

Landslides

term landslide or less frequently, landslip, refers to several forms of mass wasting that include a wide
range of ground movements, such as rockfalls, deep-seated slope failures, mudflows and debris flows.

General Effects of Disaster and Calamity

1. Loss of life

2. Injury
3. Damage to and destruction of property

4. Damage to and destruction of subsistence and cash crops

5. Disruption of production

6. Disruption of lifestyles

7. Loss of livelihood

8. Disruption of essential services

9. Damage to national infrastructure and disruption of governmental system

10. National economic loss

11. Sociological and psychological after effects.

Disaster Preparedness

 These are measures which enable government agencies organizations, communities and
individuals to respond quickly and effectively to any disaster situations.

 These encompass those actions taken to limit the impact of natural phenomena by structuring
response and establishing a mechanism for effecting a quick and orderly reaction

 Preparedness activities could include...

 Pre-positioning supplies and equipment

 Developing emergency action plans

 Manuals and procedures

 Developing warning

 Evacuation and sheltering plans

Strengthening or otherwise protecting critical facilities

SUGGESTIONS TO ENHANCE COMMUNITY PREPAREDNESS

1. Appreciation of the fact that any disaster can occur with or without warning.

2. Awareness and on the characteristic and corresponding effects of calamities.

3. Identification of vulnerable and disaster prone areas in the locality.

4. Readiness in responding to the threats of the natural and man-made hazards.

5. Capability to do what must be done and when to do it in case disaster strikes.

6. Application of counter measures to cushion the impact of the calamity.

Basic Types of Disaster Preparedness

PREVENTION

 preventing disasters before they occur

LAWS AND REGULATIONS

 laws and regulations such as an earthquake resilient building code or laws that govern behavior in
disaster

RISK MANAGEMENT

 identifying, assessing and managing disaster related risks

SYSTEMS

 such as a tsunami early warning system that warns people of an incoming tsunami and asks that
they proceed to predefined shelters and escapes routes

PLANNING

 creating a plan for what you will do in case of disaster

Example:

An organization may plan how to communicate, regroup, make sure people are safe and continue
operations.

TRAINING

 for basic survival skills and how to help others

 may include simulations and drills that allow people to practice

STOCKS AND EQUIPMENT

 stock things that will be needed in the first days of an emergency

 FIRST AID KIT

DISASTER MANAGEMENT

• the range of activities prior to during and after disasters

• designed to maintain control over disasters and to provide a framework for helping at-risk persons
and/ or communities to avoid, minimize or recover from the impact of the disasters

Common Problem in Disaster Preparedness

1. Lack of appreciation for the Disaster Preparedness Program by local official themselves.

2. Lack of a strong and effective Disaster Coordinating council installed in the LGU (Local
Government Unit).

3. Absence of Disaster Preparedness Planning

4. Lack of effective linkages for disaster operation.

5. Absence of a functional Disaster Operation Center
6. Erroneous disaster reporting and monitoring

COMPONENTS OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT

PREVENTION

 are actions designed to impede the occurrence of a disaster or its harmful effects on communities
and key installations

MITIGATION

 are programs intended to reduce the ill effects of disaster

PREPAREDNESS

 these are measures, which enable governments, organizations, communities and individuals to
respond quickly and effectively to disaster situations

DISASTER IMPACT

 reminds us that the impact of disasters can vary between different types of disasters

RESPONSE

 measures taken immediately prior to and following disaster impact

RECOVERY

 this is a process by which communities and organizations are assessed in returning to their proper
level of functioning following a disaster

DEVELOPMENT

 this provides the link between disaster related activities and national development

OBJECTIVES OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT

1. To avoid or reduce physical and economic losses.

• Effective disaster management reduces or avoids morbidity, morbidity and economic and
physical damages from a hazard.
 • The methods used to vulnerability analysis, preparedness, mitigation and prevention
measures and the use of predictive and warning system.
2. To reduce human personal sufferings and personal losses.
 Disaster management reduces personal suffering such as morbidity and emotional stress
following a hazards.
3. To achieve rapid and durable recovery
 Methods to accomplish this objective include effective response mechanisms and the
institution of recovery programs and assistance.
4. Protect Victims
 Provides protection to victims and/or displaced persons
 Facilities utilize preparedness, response mechanisms, recovery programs and assistance to
address shelter needs and provide protective services.