History of Transportation

ENGLISH PASSAGE ABOUT TRANPORTATION TRANSLATION TO SPANISH

Transportation has come and gone in a variety of different
and usually resembles the most efficient way to travel at the
time. Originally, mankind used the three main sources of
transportation: walking, running, and swimming. It wouldn't
be until animals were domesticated as well as the invention of
the wheel and sled would we be able to use animals to pull
heavier loads than a human could possibly handle. Once these
were mastered, humanity would turn to the sea, developing
boats and sailing vessels, and these would become the most
efficient ways of transportation until the Industrial Revolution.
The use of oxen to transport goods can be traced back to
its furthest point at about 8000 BCE. This would be followed
shortly after between 3-4000 BCE with horses pulling them.
However, human traveling along trails carrying the goods
themselves was still the widest used method at the time for
transporting goods. These trails would eventually become
paved roads, created by civilizations such
as Mesopotamia (3100 BCE - 539 BCE: Ancient Middle East
including Turkey) and the Indus Valley Civilization (3300-1300
BCE: Southern Asia near Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India).
Stone-paved roads would be made by the Persian and Roman
empires, which would allow armies to move quickly, and
eventually tar-based roads would be introduced in the Middle
East at a later point.
Around 8200 BCE, the first canoes would be made from
tree trunks, and the oldest known canoe was found in the
Netherlands. Larger boats would be made, and they would
primarily rely on rowing, wind, or a combination as power.
Because of how heavily civilizations came to rely on boat
transport, most of the largest trade cities would be made by
the water. It would be a relatively slow transportation process
for anything until the Industrial Revolution
In the 19th century, the Industrial Revolution, a period
ranging from 1760-1840 that changed how almost every
process was done in industry, would change transportation
forever. With the invention of the telegraph, a device using a
series of beeps to transport messages and translated
commonly through Morse Code, communication became near
instant. This would make a communication easier without
having to rely on transport of letters or messengers.
The steam engine, an engine that ran completely on the
power of boiling water (steam), would also be made, and led
to rail transportation with trains as well as steam powered
boats. The speed and how much could be transported would
grow at an extreme rate, which would allow manufacturing to
take place far away from the natural resources they relied on.
Around 1900, the combustion engine, an engine that used
a series of small controlled explosions to create power, would
be created, and the first automobile would be born. Road
transport would be on the rise, and the private transportation
system began at this time. The first highway (A long road
stemming from points to allow the fastest method of travel
between cities.) would also be created in the early 1900s,
based on the designs of macadam, a road created around
1820 by John Loudon McAdam which was the first gravel
based road. These highways would eventually become paved
with tarmac and concrete, rather than gravel.
The Wright Brothers would be the next people to advance
transportation with the first airplane that could be controlled
in 1903. Air travel by plane would become the fastest way of
transportation after World War I (1914-1918) for goods as well
as people over long distances. As they developed beyond
World War II (1939-1945), cars and airplanes would become
the main method of travel. Space Flight would start in the
1950s and would grow at a fast pace until the 1970s.
Dwindling interest made space travel stop growing, but the Jet
Engine, based on space travel designs, would make
international travel much more efficient. With these growths
in air and motor transport, rail and water transport would take
a backseat until 1964, when Japan made the first high speed
rail, a rail system capable of traveling at 200 miles per hour.
This would be the final major advancement in transportation,
with minor changes to the earlier mentioned inventions
advancing transportation further.

1) The first documented use of oxen for transportation was when?

A: 4000 BCE

B: 8000 BCE

C: 3100 BCE

D: 3300 BCE
2) Which empire did NOT use stone paved roads?
A: Roman

B: Persian

C: Mesopotamia

D: None of the above

3) What was invented that created much faster methods of communication?
A: Telegraph

B: Phone

C: Trains

D: Airplane
4) When was the first successful airplane that could be controlled tested?
 A: 1914

B: 1939

C: 1900

D: 1903
5) What nation would develop the first high speed rail?
A: China

B: America

C: Japan

D: Germany
6) What event would revolutionize transportation?
A: Industrial Revolution

B: Invention of the Telegraph

C: Creation of the Steam Engine

D: Dawn of the 20th century