Analisa Hidrologi
1. Data-data yang dibutuhkan :
Tabel curah hujan bulanan stasiun meteorologi Tarakan Tahun 2008 - 2017 (mm)
No Tahun Jan Feb Mar Apr Mei Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Des Curah
Hujan Max
1 2008 446.00 294.00 407.00 378.00 376.00 323.00 313.00 234.00 310.00 206.00 429.00 330.00 446.00
2 2009 398.00 317.00 215.00 390.00 358.00 190.00 238.00 265.00 161.00 336.00 368.00 220.00 398.00
3 2010 289.00 165.00 339.00 300.00 431.00 224.00 457.00 398.00 337.00 352.00 363.00 594.00 594.00
4 2011 401.00 433.00 358.00 146.00 573.00 372.00 245.00 414.00 314.00 475.00 309.00 516.00 573.00
5 2012 676.00 292.00 505.00 353.00 569.00 244.00 322.00 389.00 479.00 390.00 302.00 296.00 676.00
6 2013 245.00 333.00 386.00 402.00 454.00 346.00 557.00 152.00 384.00 280.00 407.00 495.00 557.00
7 2014 280.00 163.00 192.00 522.00 269.00 270.00 600.00 454.00 187.00 323.00 262.00 390.00 600.00
8 2015 197.00 211.00 359.00 260.00 234.00 226.00 200.00 220.00 287.00 208.00 378.00 334.00 378.00
9 2016 201.00 200.00 287.00 262.00 251.00 465.00 426.00 374.00 465.00 745.00 274.00 349.00 745.00
10 2017 206.00 276.00 441.00 450.00 196.00 174.00 328.00 292.00 275.00 288.00 0.00 0.00 450.00
Rata" 333.90 268.40 348.90 346.30 371.10 283.40 368.60 319.20 319.90 360.30 309.20 352.40
Tabel 3: Parameter Statistik Logaritma curah hujan maksimum Log Normal dan Log Pearson 3
No tahun X Log X Log Xi - Log Xrt (Log Xi - Log Xrt)2 (Log Xi - Log Xrt)3 (Log Xi - Log Xrt)4
1 2008 446 2.6493 -0.0745 0.0055 -0.0004 0.0000
2 2009 398 2.5999 -0.1239 0.0154 -0.0019 0.0002
3 2010 594 2.7738 0.0500 0.0025 0.0001 0.0000
4 2011 573 2.7582 0.0344 0.0012 0.0000 0.0000
5 2012 676 2.8299 0.1061 0.0113 0.0012 0.0001
6 2013 557 2.7459 0.0221 0.0005 0.0000 0.0000
1. Metode Normal
Xt = Xrt + K*Sd
Tabel 5: besarnya curah hujan dengan periode ulang tertentu metode normal
No Periode X S k Xt
1 2 541.70 120.9821 0 541.7000
2 5 541.70 120.9821 0.84 643.3250
3 10 541.70 120.9821 1.28 696.5571
4 20 541.70 120.9821 1.64 740.1107
5 25 541.70 120.9821 1.708 748.3375
6 50 541.70 120.9821 2.05 789.7134
7 100 541.70 120.9821 2.33 823.5884
Xt = Xrt + ((S/Sn)*(Yt-Yn))
Tabel 6 : Besarnya Curah Hujan Dengan Periode Ulang Tertentu Metode Gumbel Tipe I
No Periode X S Yt Yn Sn Xt
1 2 541.7000 120.9821 0.3665 0.4952 0.9496 525.3032
2 5 541.7000 120.9821 1.4999 0.4952 0.9496 669.7021
3 10 541.7000 120.9821 2.2502 0.4952 0.9496 765.2927
4 20 541.7000 120.9821 2.9702 0.4952 0.9496 857.0231
5 25 541.7000 120.9821 3.1985 0.4952 0.9496 886.1092
6 50 541.7000 120.9821 3.9019 0.4952 0.9496 975.7247
7 100 541.7000 120.9821 4.6001 0.4952 0.9496 1064.6777
Tabel 7 : besarnya Curah Hujan Dengan Periode Ulang Tertentu Metode log peson III
Tabel 8 : besarnya Curah Hujan Dengan Periode Ulang Tertentu Metode Log Normal 2 Parameter
Periode (th) Gumbel Tipe I Log Person Tipe III Log Normal Normal
2 525.3032 548.9227 525.8188 541.7000
5 669.7021 638.6878 639.5013 643.3250
10 765.2927 685.0146 711.2072 696.5571
20 857.0231 710.8840 778.0448 740.1107
25 886.1092 724.1745 796.4734 748.3375
50 975.7247 746.0260 862.9875 789.7134
100 1064.6777 763.2624 929.2514 823.5884
DK = K - (P+1) = 2
Ei = n/K = 2
ΔX = ( Xmaks-Xmin ) / K -1 = 0.023501
Jumlah Data
No Kemungkinan ( Oi-Ei )^2 (( Oi-Ei )^2)/Ei
Ei Oi
1 2.7664 <X< 2.7899 2 1 1 0.5000
2 2.7899 <X< 2.8134 2 2 0 0.0000
3 2.8134 <X< 2.8369 2 1 1 0.5000
4 2.8369 <X< 2.8604 2 5 9 4.5000
5 2.8604 <X< 2.8839 2 1 1 0.5000
Jumlah 10 6.0000
Chi-Square Hitung (Xh^2) = 6.0000
n = 10
α = 2.5%
K = 4.322
DK = 2
Chi-Square Kritis = 7.3780
(Xh^2) < (Xh^2 cr) 6.0000 < 7.3780 oke..!!
t R 24
(Jam) R2 R5 R10 R20 R25 R50 R100
525.8188 639.5013 711.2072 778.0448 796.4734 862.9875 929.2514
1 182.2912 221.7027 246.5618 269.7331 276.1219 299.1811 322.1535
2 114.8363 139.6639 155.3242 169.9212 173.9459 188.4723 202.9440
3 87.6365 106.5835 118.5345 129.6741 132.7456 143.8313 154.8752
4 72.3423 87.9828 97.8481 107.0436 109.5791 118.7301 127.8467
5 62.3427 75.8213 84.3229 92.2474 94.4324 102.3185 110.1749
a. Metode Rasional
Tabel 13 : Perhitungan Debit Metode Rasional
b. Metode Wedwen
T β qn α Qn t
0.010 0.9963 46.3356 0.9229 21.2599 0.047
0.03 0.9963 45.7095 0.9220 20.9520 0.048
0.04 0.9963 45.4027 0.9215 20.8012 0.048
0.05 0.9963 45.1000 0.9211 20.6524 0.048
0.047 0.9963 45.1904 0.9212 20.6968 0.048
Qn = α*β*qn*A*(Rn/240)
= 0.0886 Rn
c. Metode Hasper `
Faktor lebar (WF) adalah perbandingan lebar DAS yang diukur dari titik berjarak 3/4L dengan lebar DAS yang diukur dari titik yang
berjarak 1/4L dari tempat pengukuran (WF) :
Wu = 0.0715 km
Wi = 0.2145 km
WF = 0.3333
Perbandingan antara luas DAS yang diukur dihulu garis yang ditarik tegak lurus garis hubung antara stasiun pengukuran dengan titik
yang paling dekat dengan titik berat DAS melewati titik tersebut dengan luas DAS total (RUA)
Au = 0.4628 km2
Au
RUA = = 0.9275
A
Faktor simetri ditetapkan sebagai hasil perkalian antara faktor lebar (WF) dengan luas relatif DAS sebelah hulu (RAU)
SIM = WF*RUA
= 0.36
Frekuensi sumber (SN) yaitu perbandingan antara jumlah segmen sungai-sungai tingkat 1 dengan jumlah segmen sungai semua tingkat
SN = 1
2. Menghitung TR
TR = 0,43*(L/(100*SF))^3+1,06665*SIM + 1,2775
= 1.66086 jam
0.0800
0.0700
0.0600
0.0500
Hi drograf Satuan Si ntetik
0.0400 Ga mma I
0.0300
0.0200
0.0100
0.0000
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26
9. Menghitung distribusi hujan efektif untuk memperoleh hidrograf dengan metode Φ Indeks
Tabel 19 : Hujan efektif tiap jam Periode Ulang T tahun
2 5 10 20 25 50 100
I Re I Re I Re I Re I Re I Re I Re
182.2912 171.8009 221.7027 211.2124 246.5618 236.0715 269.7331 259.2428 276.1219 265.6316 299.1811 288.6908 322.1535 311.6632
114.8363 104.3460 139.6639 129.1737 155.3242 144.8339 169.9212 159.4309 173.9459 163.4556 188.4723 177.9820 202.9440 192.4537
87.6365 77.1462 106.5835 96.0932 118.5345 108.0442 129.6741 119.1838 132.7456 122.2553 143.8313 133.3410 154.8752 144.3849
72.3423 61.8520 87.9828 77.4925 97.8481 87.3578 107.0436 96.5533 109.5791 99.0888 118.7301 108.2398 127.8467 117.3564
62.3427 51.8524 75.8213 65.3310 84.3229 73.8326 92.2474 81.7571 94.4324 83.9421 102.3185 91.8282 110.1749 99.6846
55.2075 44.7172 67.1434 56.6531 74.6721 64.1818 81.6896 71.1993 83.6245 73.1342 90.6080 80.1177 97.5653 87.0750
49.8158 39.3255 60.5860 50.0957 67.3794 56.8891 73.7115 63.2212 75.4575 64.9672 81.7590 71.2687 88.0368 77.5465
45.5728 35.0825 55.4257 44.9354 61.6404 51.1501 67.4333 56.9430 69.0305 58.5402 74.7953 64.3050 80.5384 70.0481
42.1312 31.6409 51.2400 40.7497 56.9855 46.4952 62.3408 51.8505 63.8174 53.3271 69.1469 58.6566 74.4562 63.9659
47.7644 37.2741 53.1201 42.6298 58.1122 47.6219 59.4887 48.9984 64.4566 53.9663 69.4059 58.9156
44.8239 34.3336 49.8499 39.3596 54.5346 44.0443 55.8263 45.3360 60.4884 49.9981 65.1330 54.6427
42.2977 31.8074 47.0405 36.5502 51.4612 40.9709 52.6801 42.1898 57.0795 46.5892 61.4623 50.9720
40.0998 29.6095 44.5961 34.1058 48.7871 38.2968 49.9427 39.4524 54.1134 43.6231 58.2685 47.7782
38.1668 27.6765 42.4464 31.9561 46.4354 35.9451 47.5352 37.0449 51.5049 41.0146 55.4597 44.9694
40.5382 30.0479 44.3479 33.8576 45.3983 34.9080 49.1896 38.6993 52.9666 42.4763
38.8310 28.3407 42.4803 31.9900 43.4865 32.9962 47.1181 36.6278 50.7360 40.2457
37.2929 26.8026 40.7976 30.3073 41.7640 31.2737 45.2517 34.7614 48.7263 38.2360
39.2723 28.7820 40.2025 29.7122 43.5598 33.0695 46.9045 36.4142
37.8819 27.3916 38.7792 28.2889 42.0176 31.5273 45.2439 34.7536
36.6084 26.1181 37.4755 26.9852 40.6051 30.1148 43.7230 33.2327
39.3056 28.8153 42.3237 31.8334
38.1053 27.6150 41.0312 30.5409
36.9927 26.5024 39.8331 29.3428
38.7188 28.2285
Qb Q
0.179591 0.1796
0.179591 75.6444
0.179591 52.8322
0.179591 36.9158
0.179591 25.8108
0.179591 18.0628
0.179591 12.6569
0.179591 8.8851
0.179591 6.2535
0.179591 4.4174
0.179591 3.1364
0.179591 2.2426
0.179591 1.6190
0.179591 1.1838
0.179591 0.8803
0.179591 0.6685
0.179591 0.5207
0.179591 0.4176
0.179591 0.3456
0.179591 0.2954
0.179591 0.2604
0.179591 0.2360
0.179591 0.2189
0.179591 0.2070
0.179591 0.1987
Periode Ulang
t (jam)
2 5 10 20 25 50 100
0 0.1796 0.1796 0.1796 0.1796 0.1796 0.1796 0.1796
1 50.1770 75.6444 92.3337 109.0106 111.9906 129.4580 143.1685
2 35.0633 52.8322 64.4765 76.1121 78.1912 90.3784 99.9444
3 24.5183 36.9158 45.0402 53.1585 54.6091 63.1123 69.7865
4 17.1609 25.8108 31.4793 37.1435 38.1556 44.0883 48.7451
5 12.0277 18.0628 22.0177 25.9697 26.6759 30.8152 34.0642
6 8.4461 12.6569 15.4163 18.1736 18.6663 21.5544 23.8212
7 5.9472 8.8851 10.8104 12.7342 13.0780 15.0930 16.6746
8 4.2037 6.2535 7.5968 8.9391 9.1789 10.5848 11.6883
9 2.9873 4.4174 5.3546 6.2912 6.4585 7.4394 8.2094
10 2.1385 3.1364 3.7903 4.4437 4.5605 5.2448 5.7820
11 1.5464 2.2426 2.6988 3.1547 3.2362 3.7137 4.0885
12 1.1332 1.6190 1.9373 2.2554 2.3122 2.6454 2.9069
13 0.8449 1.1838 1.4059 1.6279 1.6675 1.9000 2.0824
14 0.6438 0.8803 1.0352 1.1901 1.2177 1.3799 1.5072
15 0.5035 0.6685 0.7766 0.8846 0.9039 1.0171 1.1059
16 0.4056 0.5207 0.5961 0.6715 0.6850 0.7639 0.8259
17 0.3373 0.4176 0.4702 0.5228 0.5322 0.5873 0.6305
18 0.2896 0.3456 0.3824 0.4190 0.4256 0.4640 0.4942
19 0.2563 0.2954 0.3211 0.3467 0.3512 0.3781 0.3991
20 0.2331 0.2604 0.2783 0.2962 0.2994 0.3181 0.3327
21 0.2170 0.2360 0.2485 0.2609 0.2631 0.2762 0.2864
22 0.2057 0.2189 0.2276 0.2363 0.2379 0.2470 0.2541
23 0.1978 0.2070 0.2131 0.2192 0.2203 0.2266 0.2316
24 0.1923 0.1987 0.2030 0.2072 0.2080 0.2124 0.2159
150.0000
Qp (m3/det)
125.0000
2
100.0000 5
10
20
75.0000 25
50
10
50.0000 0
25.0000
0.0000
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
t (jam)
SUHU ea RH ed (ea-ed)
BULAN u f (u) w 1-w
(C) (mbar) (%) (mbar) (km/hr)
Januari 25.60 32.90 90.00 29.61 3.29 16.94 0.32 1.94 0.63 0.76 0.24
Februari 25.80 33.29 86.00 28.63 4.66 17.39 0.32 1.97 0.63 0.76 0.24
Maret 26.10 33.89 84.00 28.46 5.42 17.56 0.32 2.00 0.63 0.76 0.24
April 26.90 35.52 82.00 29.13 6.39 19.03 0.32 2.08 0.63 0.77 0.23
Mei 27.10 35.94 80.00 28.76 7.19 23.56 0.33 2.10 0.63 0.77 0.23
Juni 27.00 35.73 76.00 27.16 8.58 33.67 0.36 2.09 0.63 0.77 0.23
Juli 26.80 35.32 70.00 24.72 10.59 47.25 0.40 2.07 0.63 0.77 0.23
Agustus 26.80 35.32 72.00 25.43 9.89 44.00 0.39 2.07 0.63 0.77 0.23
September 26.80 35.32 80.00 28.25 7.06 45.42 0.39 2.07 0.63 0.77 0.23
Oktober 26.90 35.52 90.00 31.97 3.55 32.33 0.36 2.08 0.63 0.77 0.23
Nopember 26.20 34.09 85.00 28.97 5.11 25.89 0.34 2.01 0.63 0.76 0.24
Desember 26.00 33.69 80.00 26.95 6.74 19.17 0.32 1.99 0.63 0.76 0.24
PERHITUNGAN DEBIT ANDA
160000
f(x) = 4943.1327183573x - 87632.933183698
140000 R² = 0.9911637562
120000
100000
80000
60000
40000
20000
0
15 20 25 xI
30 + (1-x)Q
35 40 45 50 55
140.00
Debit (m3/d)
120.00
100.00
80.00
60.00
40.00
20.00
0.00
Waktu
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.00 18.00 20.00 22.00 24.00 26.00
· Dimensi Penampang
Data Teknis :
B = 2 m
a = 2 m ( Rencanakan )
H = 3.6 m ( Rencanakan )
m = 0.555556 m
Catatan :
Untuk mendapatkan nilai h dilakukan dengan cara Trial and Error
Elevasi dasar sungai = 20.011 m
A = 2.555556 m²
P = 4.288 m
· Jari - Jari Hidrolis
R = 0.596 m
· Kecepatan
V = 8.917 m/det
· Debit
Q = 22.787 m³/det
h
No (m)
1 1
2 1.5
3 2
4 2.5
5 2.9947
6 3
7 3.5
8 4
9 4.5
Axis Title
6.222 6.576 0.946 12.137 75.52 159.44 4
8.472 7.720 1.097 13.398 113.51 159.44
10.972 8.852 1.240 14.532 159.44 159.44 3
11.000 8.864 1.241 14.543 159.98 159.44
13.806 10.008 1.379 15.606 215.46 159.44
16.889 11.152 1.514 16.609 280.51 159.44 2
20.250 12.296 1.647 17.564 355.68 159.44
1
0
0.00 50.00 100.00 150
3
Lengkung Debit Sungai
Linear (Lengkung Debit
2
Sungai)
0
0.00 50.00 100.00 150.00 200.00 250.00 300.00 350.00 400.00
Axis Title
Data Penyinaran Matahari Rata-rata Bulanan
Rata-rata pengamatan ( X ) = ∑ X / N
= 541.700
= ###
= ∑ X² / N = 652807/10
= 306611.9
Standard Deviasi
= 118.802
Rn = X + Sx . K
T K Sx X R
5 0.967 118.802 541.700 656.582
10 1.703 118.802 541.700 744.020
25 2.632 118.802 541.700 854.387
50 3.321 118.802 541.700 936.242
100 4.005 118.802 541.700 1017.502
Perhitungan curah hujan dengan Metode Haspers
Tahun Curah hujan max ( mm ) Rank Periode Ulang
X M T = (n+1) / M
2008 446.00 1 22.000 1.932
2009 398.00 2 11.000 1.316
2010 594.00 3 7.333
2011 573.00 4 5.500
2012 676.00 5 4.400
2013 557.00 6 3.667
2014 600.00 7 3.143
2015 378.00 8 2.750
2016 745.00 9 2.444
2017 450.00 10 2.200
Total 5417.000
T
2 -0.22
5 0.64
10 1.26
25 2.1
50 2.75
100 3.45
N = 10
R rata-rata = 541.700
R.max1 = 446.000
R.max2 = 398.000
1 = 1.932 T1 = 22
2 = 1.316 T2 = 11
Maka SD = -79.364
Rt = Rr + SD* Ut
T SD t Rr RT
2 13.749 -0.22 541.700 538.675
5 -79.364 0.64 541.700 490.907
10 -79.364 1.26 541.700 441.701
25 -79.364 2.10 541.700 375.035
50 -79.364 2.75 541.700 323.448
100 -79.364 3.43 541.700 269.480
Perhitungan curah hujan metode Log Person
Curah Hujan max ( mm ) No Log Ri Log Rr
Tahun (A- B ) (A-B)^2 (A-B)^3
( Ri Max ) Urut (A) (B)
2008 446.00 1 2.649 2.7238 -0.0745 0.00554 -0.000413
2009 398.00 2 2.600 2.7238 -0.1239 0.01535 -0.001903
2010 594.00 3 2.774 2.7238 0.0500 0.00250 0.000125
2011 573.00 4 2.758 2.7238 0.0344 0.00118 0.000041
2012 676.00 5 2.830 2.7238 0.1061 0.01127 0.001196
2013 557.00 6 2.746 2.7238 0.0221 0.00049 0.000011
2014 600.00 7 2.778 2.7238 0.0544 0.00295 0.000161
2015 378.00 8 2.577 2.7238 -0.1463 0.02141 -0.003132
2016 745.00 9 2.872 2.7238 0.1484 0.02201 0.003265
2017 450.00 10 2.653 2.7238 -0.0706 0.00498 -0.000352
Total 5417.000 27.238 0.08769 -0.001001
Log Rr = 2.7238
SD = 0.098706
Cs = -0.14452
T Log Rr Cs G SD Log Rt Rt
5 2.72380 ### 0.854 0.0987 2.80809 642.824
10 2.72380 ### 1.238 0.0987 2.84599 701.447
25 2.72380 ### 1.624 0.0987 2.88410 765.764
50 2.72380 ### 1.862 0.0987 2.90759 808.327
100 2.72380 ### 2.065 0.0987 2.92762 846.495
Perhitungan curah hujan Dengan Metode Weduwen
Dimana :
R.70 = Curah hujan 24 jam sebesar 240 mm yang pernah terjadi 1 kali dlm70 thn
M1 = Curah hujan absolut maximum , mm
M2 = Curah hujan maximum kedua , mm
M.p = Coef. Perbandingan curah hujan dengan T ulang p dengan curah hujan
T ulang 70 tahun
Mn = Coef. Perbandingan curah hujan dengan n ulang p dengan curah hujan
T ulang 70 tahun
P = n = Periode pengamatan
Perhitungan
M1 = 446.000
M2 = 398.000
P=n= 10 Dari tabel diperoleh harga-harga :
M.p = 0.766
M.n = 1.05
= 485.205 mm ; Atau
= 519.582 mm ;
R.rata-rata = 502.3934 mm
T Mn Rrata-rata Rt
5 0.602 502.393 302.441
10 0.705 502.393 354.187
25 0.845 502.393 424.522
50 0.948 502.393 476.269
100 1.070 502.393 537.310
Rt = Mn x R rata-rata
Ringkasan Perhitungan Curah Hujan
METODE
T. ulang
GUMBEL HASPER L. PEARSON WEDUWEN
5 656.582 490.907 642.824 302.441
10 744.020 441.701 701.447 354.187
kali dlm70 thn 25 854.387 375.035 765.764 424.522
50 936.242 323.448 808.327 476.269
100 1017.502 269.480 846.495 537.310
urah hujan
1017.502 = Data Maksimum
urah hujan
PERHITUNGAN DEBIT BANJIR RINGKASAN PERH
Dik : DEBIT
Luas Catchment Area = 0.499 Km2 ( M3/dtk )
Q5
T β qn α Q10
0.010 0.9963 46.3356 0.9229 Q25
0.03 0.9963 45.7095 0.9220 Q50
0.04 0.9963 45.4027 0.9215 Q100
0.05 0.9963 45.1000 0.9211
0.047 0.9963 45.1904 0.9212
KOMBINASI WEDUWEN-GUMBEL
R5 = 656.582 Q5 = 56.621 M3/Det
R10 = 744.020 Q10 = 64.162 M3/Det
R25 = 854.387 Q25 = 73.680 M3/Det
R50 = 936.242 Q50 = 80.738 M3/Det
R100 = ### Q100 = 87.746 M3/Det
KOMBINASI
METODE
WED-WED WED-GMBL WED-HASPER WED-L.PEARSON
26.081 56.621 42.334 55.435
30.544 64.162 38.091 60.490
WEDUWEN 36.609 73.680 32.342 66.037
41.072 80.738 27.893 69.707
46.336 87.746 23.239 72.999
22573 82459.169
3.653