Fattening Up On Fiber Webinar Nov 2017

Fattening Up On Fiber
Sponsored By
Today’s Presenters
Moderator Presenter Presenter Presenter Presenter
Alan Breznick Steven Harris Wayne Hickey Sev Sadura Douglas Clague,
Contributing Analyst Senior Director, Advisor, Product Director of Product Solutions
Heavy Reading Technical Field and Marketing Marketing Marketing CIVT
Engineering Ciena Clearfield Viavi Solutions
Education -
SCTE•ISBE
Today’s Agenda
• Market Forces Driving More Fiber
• MSO Fiber Upgrade Plans
• Benefits of Adding Fiber
• Cable’s Fiber Options
• DAA’s Role in Fiber Builds
• Virtualized CCAP’s Role
• The Outside Plant Perspective
• Plug & Play Benefits & Options
• Challenges of Adding More Fiber
• Overcoming the Fiber Challenges
• Audience Q&A
Top U.S. Broadband Speeds Keep Rising
Service Provider Max Downstream Speed Max Upstream Speed
2 Gbit/s (Fiber), 35 Mbit/s

Comcast 2 Gbit/s (Fiber), 1 Gbit/s (HFC)
(HFC)
Google Fiber 1 Gbit/s 1 Gbit/s
AT&T Fiber 1 Gbit/s 1 Gbit/s
CenturyLink 1 Gbit/s 1 Gbit/s
Cox 1 Gbit/s (Fiber) 1 Gbit/s (Fiber)
Mediacom 1 Gbit/s 50 Mbit/s
WideOpenWest 1 Gbit/s 50 Mbit/s
CableOne 1 Gbit/s 50 Mbit/s
MidCo 1 Gbit/s 20 Mbit/s
Altice USA 1 Gbit/s 15 Mbit/s
RCN 1 Gbit/s 20 Mbit/s
Verizon Fios 1 Gbit/s 1 Gbit/s
Charter 300 Mbit/s 20 Mbit/s
Atlantic Broadband 250 Gbit/s 20 Mbit/s
Size of Fiber Market--Growth
Source: Fibe Broadband Assoc. Sept. 2016

More Commercial Buildings Getting Fiber
Cable MSO Fiber Upgrade Program
Content slide
Comcast --Aims to spend billions on its “Fiber Deep” program over the next 4 to 5 years to extend fiber
further into its network and eliminate amplifiers and other active devices
--Plans call for installing over 1 million additional optical fiber nodes in its network, up from
250,000 to 300,000 nodes today
Charter --Intends to extend fiber deeper in its plant, reducing node sizes and cutting down on active
electronic devices; no figures disclosed yet
--Plans to add 2 million more homes passed over next five years, or about 400,00 a year
--All new greenfield homes will be passed by fiber
--FTTH will account for 10% of MSO’s footprint in 10 years
Cox --Intends to overhaul its entire HFC plant over the next decade by adding fiber, deploying
more nodes and eliminating active electronics
--Plans call for installing 200,000 new optical fiber nodes during that span, up from its current
total of 25,000 nodes
Cable MSO Fiber Upgrade Program
Content slide
Altice --Aims to upgrade almost its entire U.S. footprint to FTTH networks by end of 2022
--“Generation Gigaspeed” plan calls for upgrading nearly all of its 8 million homes passed,
including all of its Optimum (Cablevision) footprint and most of its Suddenlink footprint
--Fiber overhaul could cost up to $9.6 billion, based on an estimated cost of $800 to $1,200
per household passed
Liberty Global --Under $4 billion Project Lightning initiative, Liberty Global is now extending its network
reach throughout its European footprint, especially in U.K. and Germany
--Plans call for passing additional 5.6 million to 6.3 million homes in its territories, mainly in
the U.K., by the end of 2018
--Some 1.4 million to 1.6 million new homes are slated to be passed this year alone as the
effort continues to ramp up
--MSO also intends to spend heavily on its own “Fiber Deep” program to extend fiber
deeper into its network and eliminate active electronics
Key Challenges of FTTH Deployments
% of Deployment Costs
10%
15%
Labor & Installation
Actives
50%
Passives
Engineering & Management
25%
Why Fiber?
http://scte.org/FTTx
Operators are now delivering cable services over fiber optics.
• Fiber delivers video, voice and data, an attractive option to coax, with
customer perception that fiber is more valuable
• Offers high bandwidth capability to subscribers, while improving
overall reliability and reduced signal egress
• Energy management and conservation, optimizing CapEx and reduces
OpEx. No power required for active devices and battery power
supplies in the outside plant (OSP)
• Now available in more than 25 percent of homes; more than 15
million connected in North America
• Offering 100 Mbps today
– 1 and 10 Gbps options available, 40 and 100 Gbps options being tested
– Optical fiber “future proofs” networks to allow for increased bandwidth

over the same installed fiber
• Knowledge of fiber optics provides additional skills to cable installers

and engineers, which can help open the door for new opportunities
© 2017 Society of Cable Telecommunications Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved. | scte.org • isbe.org 10
D A A R - P H Y: C C A P C o r e a n d R P D
OSS / HEADEND / HUB ACCESS NETWORK
R-PHY Node
DOCSIS, MPEG, RF / Linear Optics
CCAP & OOB Signals R-PHY
MSO Backbone Core Device
Digital
MAC & Upper Ethernet / PON
Layers Pseudo-wire Logic
CMTS Core & CM CM

Edge QAM
(DNS, DHCP, SNMP,
dTFTP/TFTP, Syslog, ToD)
Subscribers
Fiber Deep: EdgeQAM/CMTS or CCAP
OSS / HEADEND / HUB ACCESS NETWORK PREMISES

Multiplexing
Point Coax Tap
CM
MSO
1550 Fiber Deep
Backbone
Edge C nm Node
QAMs O Tx
M Fiber
B Rx M M
I U U
N X X CM
E / /
VoIP CMTS R D D
1550 E E STB
(DNS, DHCP, SNMP,
nm M M
dTFTP/TFTP, Syslog, ToD) U U
Tx X X
CCAP
Rx
EDFA
(Optional) Subscribers
DWDM DWDM
Fiber to the “X” Scenarios
V-Hub
Fiber to the Curb (FTTC) Fiber to the MDU (FTTM)
V-Hub
V-Hub
Fiber to the Business (FTTB) Fiber to the Home (FTTH) /

Fiber to the Premises (FTTP)
Radio Frequency over Glass or RFoG
OSS / HEADEND / HUB PREMISES

HFC ACCESS NETWORK
100
& Mbps
OPTICAL DISTRUBUTION NETWORK DOCSIS
CM
MSO 1310 -> RF Amplifiers

Backbone 1310 nm HFC Tx
Edge <- 1550 MDU/Business
QAMs C
1550 nm HFC Rx DOCSIS
O Packets 1550/1610
M R-ONU
1:32 to 1:128 MicroNode
B
Optical Splitter/Coupler
I 1550 nm RFoG Tx EDFA
N W
E D
VoIP CMTS R 1:2 M Optical CM
1550 -> R-ONU
1610 nm RFoG Rx Taps
(DNS, DHCP, SNMP, CM

<- 1610 R-ONU
CCAP DOCSIS FDC
Frames R-ONU CM
10 to 20 km
Radio Frequency over Glass or RFoG
w i t h O D N E D FA http://scte.org/FTTx

HFC ACCESS NETWORK
100
& Mbps
CM
MSO 1310 -> RF Amplifiers

Backbone 1310 nm HFC Tx
Edge <- 1550 MDU/Business
QAMs C
O Packets 1:32 to 1:128 1550/1610
M Optical Splitter/Coupler R-ONU
MicroNode
B
I 1550 nm RFoG Tx
N W
E D
1550 -> R-ONU
(DNS, DHCP, SNMP, CM

<- 1610 R-ONU
CCAP V-HUB
DOCSIS R-ONU CM
Frames EDFA
60 km 20 km
Overlay using Ethernet
Passive Optical Network or EPON http://scte.org/FTTx

HFC ACCESS NETWORK
100
& Mbps
CM
1310 -> RF Amplifiers

MSO 1310 nm HFC Tx
Backbone Edge <- 1550 MDU/Business
QAMs C
O Packets 1577 / 1270
M ONU
1:32 to 1:128
B 1550/1610 10 Gbps
Optical Splitter/Coupler
I 1550 nm RFoG Tx EDFA R-ONU
N W 1 Gbps
E D 1490 / 1310
(DNS, DHCP, SNMP, 1550/1490/1577 -> ONU
dTFTP/TFTP, Syslog, ToD) 1550/1610
CM
<- 1610/1310/1270 R-ONU
vCM
D FDC
M DPoE 1490 / 1310 E-PON Ethernet & ONU CM
L 1577 / 1270 10GE-PON DOCSIS Frames
OLT
10 to 20 km
Summary
Standard / Bandwidth
Distance Split / Mux Protocol Video Wavelengths
Option (DS/US)
R-PHY, MAC/PHY & 1550 nm DS
DAA Varies n/a Depends on DOCSIS DOCSIS RF/MPEG
Split MAC 1310 nm US
Depends on DOCSIS DOCSIS, Ethernet, RF/MPEG, IP, RF 1550 nm DS
Fiber Deep Node + 0 Varies DWDM
or PON GEM Overlay 1310 nm US
10 Mbps / SONET/SDH, ATM, 1550 nm DS
PON ITU-G.982 20 km 32 n/a
10 Mbps T1/E1 1310 nm US
622 Mbps / 1550 nm DS
A-PON ITU-G.983 20 km 32 ATM n/a
155 Mbps 1310 nm US
POTS, ISDN, 1550 nm RF DS
622 Mbps /
B-PON ITU-G.983 20 km 32 SONET/SDH, ATM, RF Overlay 1490 nm DS
155 Mbps
Ethernet, T1/E1 1310 nm US
1550 nm RF DS
2.488 Gbps /
G-PON ITU-G.984 20 km 32 and 64 GEM Data Only 1490 nm DS
1.244 Gbps
1310 nm US
NG-PON1 10 Gbps / RF Overlay 1577 nm DS
ITU-G.987 20 to 60 km 32 and 64 GEM
XG-PON1 2.5 Gbps w/ WDM 1270 nm US
NG-PON2 32, 64, 128 2.488 – RF Overlay 1596-1603 nm DS
ITU-G.989 20 to 60 km XGEM
TDWM-PON and 256 10 Gbps w/ WDM 1524-1544 nm US Wide
E-PON / 1490 nm DS
IEEE 802.3ah 10 to 20 km 32 and 64 1.244 Gbps Ethernet IP
GE-PON 1310 nm US
32, 64, 128, 256 and 1577 nm DS
10GE-PON IEEE 802.3av 10 to 20 km 10 Gbps Ethernet IP
beyond 1270 nm US
1550 nm DS
RFoG SCTE 174 20 km 32, 64 and 128 Depends on DOCSIS DOCSIS QAM/FM 1310 nm US non-PON
1610 nm US PON
Fattening up on Fiber
virtualized Converged Cable Access Platform

vCCAP
Wayne Hickey
November 15th, 2017
Copyright © Ciena Corporation 2017. All rights reserved. Confidential & Proprietary.
What is Converged Cable Access Platform?
• Two approaches integrated into

one by CableLabs to alleviate
the success of narrowcast
services or the increase in
Quadrature Amplitude
Modulation (QAM) channels,
including unicast QAM for VOD
High Definition services,
Switched Digital Video (SDV)
multicast services and DOCSIS
channel bonding for Cable
Modem Termination Systems
(CMTS)
Copyright © Ciena Corporation 2017. All rights reserved. Confidential & Proprietary. 19
Traditional CCAP Model
CCAP increases capacity and throughput by combining headend functions

into a single architecture by combing Edge QAM (EQAM) and CMTS.
Some Advantages and Disadvantages of CCAP
Advantages Disadvantages
• Increased Network Capacity • Requires a lot of space, power
• Combines services, including and cooling
Ethernet • Inefficient spectrum allocation
• Enabled high order QAM (4K and • All functions are centralized
16K QAM) including IP/Ethernet
Analog optics only support CAA, digital optics can support both CAA and DAA
What is Distributed Access Architecture?
 Built on a digital optic infrastructure DAA distributes CAA functions to other locations in the
network
 There are three approaches to DAA:
 Remote PHY (R-PHY), where only the PHY are moved to a digital optical node
 Remote MAC/PHY (R-MAC/PHY), where the DOCSIS MAC and R-PHY are moved to a
digital node
 C-DOCSIS, which is limited to DOCSIS 3.0 to enable high-speed data for Asia only, no
Digital Video Broadcast (DVB)
PHY vs MAC
OSI Model
Data Unit Layers
Data Application
Network Process to Application
Host Layers
 Presentation
Data Data Representation & Encryption
Data Session
Interhost Communication
Segments Transport
End-to-End Connections & Reliability
 Network
Media Layers
Packets Path Determination & Logical Addressing (IP)
Frames Data Link

Physical Addressing (MAC & LLC)
Bits Physical
Media, Signal and Binary Transmission
What is virtualized CCAP?
CCAP / Remote PHY

Virtualized CCAP Device (RPD)
Apps
Multi-Domain Service Orchestration Primary

Analytics Fiber /
Master Metro Core Hub Secondary Optical
Domain Control Transport
Hub /
Carrier-grade ONOS Access Access
Optical Coax
Headend
MCP NFV Orchestration Hub CPE
Network Headend Network Network Node Access
Network
vCCAP DAA R-PHY Model
 vCCAP is an evolution of CCAP from CableLabs, to migrate to an all-IP architecture
 Virtualizing MAC and PHY functions will reduce space, power and high-speed connections
 For the fiber network, vCCAP enables cost effective Ethernet transport, and scalability with
integrated coherent optics.
 Pushing digital optic IP enabled fiber nodes closer to the customer will improve Carrier-to-
Noise-Ratio (CNR), enabling and higher order of QAM on a passive coaxial cable for
DOCSISS technologies.
Audience Poll
What is your company’s fiber upgrade strategy?
1. Going FTTH everywhere

2. Using fiber only in greenfield situations
3. Deploying Fiber Deep
4. Just splitting more fiber nodes in the access network
5. No changes; keeping the current HFC architecture as is
Fattening Up On Fiber
The Outside Plant Perspective
Sev Sadura
Director of Product Marketing
Outside Plant Perspective
• HFC systems are capable of delivering competitive services today.
• Cable operators are building the network to support services long term.
• Market dynamics will push fiber further
– Bandwidth increase
– Pricing pressures
– Decreasing profitability from video
– Traditional phone service challenges
• Cable companies simplify their networks while maintaining a competitive position against
telcos and other competitive SPs.
• Fiber Deep is here to stay and expand
• Best ideas may collapse if difficult to implement
• Building fiber networks should help with managing and mitigating risks
Current Fiber Solutions
• Our customer surveys show most fiber installations use flat drop only
– Distribution and access dedicated to one fiber cable type
• Providers face locked-in requirements

– Large ducts and conduits
– Use of proprietary connectors
– Inflexible architecture design options
– Difficult /costly to design with custom length drops
• Not flexible on connectivity options and reconfigurations
• Hard to deal with fiber slack
• Labor intensive
• Time consuming
What Can The MSO Do?
• Apply concept with principles similar to SDN
• Mitigate and manage the risks by applying plug-and-play

technology
• Deploy a physical network design that precisely focuses on

resolving key challenges in network buildout
– Labor content
– Time to revenue
• Utilize universal designs that can accommodate any media in

any port configuration
• Determine how much plug-and-play technology to use

The Plug-and-Play Way
• Speeds up installation times
– Set-up time
– Consolidated splicing
– Connectorizing
• Doesn’t require expensive fusion machine and

skilled labor
• Labor time savings
• Reliable
• Factory tested
• Repeatable connection
• Minimal disruption
– Weather isn’t a factor on turn-up
Plug-and-Play Application
Legend
Plug-and-Play
Opportunity
Eliminate Splicing
Plug-and-Play Misnomers…..
Plug-and-Play is too expensive. FALSE
In Reality
- Labor expense reduction from Plug-and-Play by far outweighs the additional cost of a plug-and-play
solution.
- Labor is typically 70% of a FTTH network build cost.
- Installation labor is considered CAPEX
Legacy Material Time/Labor
Plug-and-Play Material Time/Labor

Plug-and-Play Connector Options
• Fusion or mechanical Minimal Power Loss (Clearfield Guarantee)
connectorization eliminated 0.2dB Loss/0.4dB Loss - mated
• Replaced by snap-on connector Pre-Terminated SC

– 30 seconds vs 10 min Pushable Connector
(Single Fiber)
– No set-up required
• Time and fixed assets
0.35dB Loss/0.7dB Loss - mated
Pre-Terminated
MPO Pushable
Connector
(Up to 24 Fiber)
11/15/2017
Pre-Connectorized Solution Misnomers…..
Additional connectors add too much loss to the splice budget. FALSE
In Reality
– Typical splice budget is 20 to 30db on a 20K loop with a 1x32 split

– Connector loss from a plug-and-play solution will typically add an additional 1 to 1.5db
across the entire optical link
– In most cases, this loss is a minimal addition into the loss budget
OSP ACCESS TAP/

CO/OLT
Legacy Cabinet Term. ONU
Plug-and-Play CO/OLT
OSP
Cabinet
ACCESS
Term.
TAP/
ONU
Additional Loss: 0.34dB 0.74dB 0.39dB 1.47dB
One splice and plug-and-play
One splice replaced by plug-and-play (MPO) Assumption: 0.01dB Loss per splice
One splice replaced by plug-and-play (SC)

Plug-and-Play Cable Options
Distribution cabinets
and terminals should
accommodate all media options
Summary
Providers are turning to universal design
• Complete system interoperability with ANY kind of fiber media and
pathway
• Customer-defined configuration
• Fewer part numbers and simplicity of design for an easy deployment any
technician can choose
Quicker time to revenue & minimum break-even time

• Plug-and-play reduces installation time
• Offer competitive service quicker than competitor
• Wallet share
Optimized labor content

• Reduced skillset
• Consolidated splicing activity
• Connectorized solution
Reduced maintenance time

• Easy to install & easy to replace
• Lower your OPEX
Questions?
Sev Sadura
Director, Product Marketing
Email: ssadura@clfd.net
Phone: 763-476-6786
www.SeeClearfield.com
Fattening Up on Fiber
Testing Perspectives
Douglas Clague
Solutions Marketing Manager – Viavi Solutions
More Fiber = Additional Challenges
• More fiber means more optical connections

• Having to deal with fiber when traditional
experience is with coax
• It’s not just taking on fiber its also dealing with
multiple wavelengths
• It’s not just todays technologies/wavelengths, it’s
prepping for future evolution too
• FTTH/PON networks bring additional complexity
• Managing multiple work groups both internal &
contractors
www.viavisolutions.com © 2017 Viavi Solutions Inc. 39

Fiber Plug & Play or Plug & Pray?
CONTAMINATION is the #1 source of troubleshooting in optical networks.
Responsible for around 80% of failures
Light Back Reflection Insertion Loss
Core
Cladding
DIRT

Inspect Before You Connect!
Fiber inspection/cleaning of the patch cord and bulkhead sides are SIMPLE steps with
immense benefits. Connectors behind the bulkhead are frequently dirty and problematic.
1 Inspect 2 Clean 3 Re-inspect 4 Connect
??? FAIL
VS VS 3.0um
2.4um
8.6um
Dirt, oil, pits, scratches SUBJECTIVE INSPECTION OBJECTIVE INSPECTION

not seen
IEC 61300-3-35 Sets Requirements for Connector Quality

Distributed Access Architecture (DAA)
The risks
Central Access
• DAA node turn-up is delayed – time is money Hub Architecture
• The Ethernet link doesn’t run to capacity (too much BER) Analog
• Repeat truck rolls – at own cost Fiber
• Upset customers because of service downtime CCAP
Challenges
• New fiber - has it been laid and terminated correctly?
• Existing fiber – what condition is it in?
• Certifying fiber (birth certificate) R-PHY/MAC-PHY
• Future proofing – for increasing link capacity
• Ethernet performance - DAA
10G
What to test CCAP
Ethernet
• Fiber certification
• IL,ORL & OTDR
• Bi-directional
• Automated
• Ethernet
• RFC-2544 and RFC-6394 TrueSpeed

Fiber Deep & Business Services with xWDM
The risks
• Delayed service/wavelength turn up
• Repeat truck rolls – at own cost (contractors)
• Churn or SLA penalties if you take down other services
Challenges
• Validating specific wavelength routes and individual losses
• Turn-up or troubleshooting without disrupting other
services/wavelengths
• Number of fibers and wavelengths, total test time
What to test
• At specific CWDM & DWDM wavelengths
• OTDR and LS
• Verify individual power levels – channel test
• Validate End-to-End Losses through MUX and DEMUX

FTTH / PON / RFoG
The risks
• Delayed customers service activation/installation Feeder Distribution
• You create future OpEx in your network HeadEnd/Hub Splitter Splitter
TB
• Repeat truck rolls – at own expense

• Churn
Challenges OLT FDF
• Loss budget (splitters consume majority)

• Macrobends (during installs) (for future upgrades)
• Troubleshooting without disrupting other customer
• Number of fibers and total test time RF
OverLay
• Certification reporting NG-PON2
or RFoG
Down
10GE-PON NG-PON2 RFoG
Up Down Down Up
What to test 10GE-PON EPON EPON
• Fiber certification Up Up Down
• IL,ORL & OTDR (+1625nm) 1260 1280 1290 1330 1480 1500 1524-1544 1575-1581 1598-1603
• Bi-directional 1550 1590/1610 1625
• Automated
• Troubleshooting
• Filtered OTDR for live network -> 1650nm

What the tools need to be (or do for you)
• Support autonomous inspection probes
• Easy to setup - simple to use
• Automated and assisted test sequence
• Interpret test results for you (like OTDR traces)
• Improve your workflow
• Process automation and standardizing
• Smart everything … Test Assistant, Acquisition,
Link Mapper
• Direct/cloud report generation & submission …
On-board + Cloud
• Support & coaching - Remote Access Anywhere

Audience Q & A
Moderator Presenter Presenter Presenter Presenter
Alan Breznick Steven Harris Wayne Hickey Sev Sadura Douglas Clague,
Contributing Analyst Senior Director, Advisor, Product Director of Product Solutions
Heavy Reading Technical Field and Marketing Marketing Marketing CIVT
Engineering Ciena Clearfield Viavi Solutions
Education -
SCTE•ISBE
Thank you for attending!
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Fattening Up On Fiber

2 Gbit/s (Fiber), 35 Mbit/s

Source: Fibe Broadband Assoc. Sept. 2016

– Optical fiber “future proofs” networks to allow for increased bandwidth

• Knowledge of fiber optics provides additional skills to cable installers

OSS / HEADEND / HUB ACCESS NETWORK

CMTS Core & CM CM

OSS / HEADEND / HUB ACCESS NETWORK PREMISES

Fiber to the Curb (FTTC) Fiber to the MDU (FTTM)

Fiber to the Business (FTTB) Fiber to the Home (FTTH) /

OSS / HEADEND / HUB PREMISES

MSO 1310 -> RF Amplifiers

Edge <- 1550 MDU/Business

(DNS, DHCP, SNMP, CM

OSS / HEADEND / HUB PREMISES

MSO 1310 -> RF Amplifiers

Edge <- 1550 MDU/Business

(DNS, DHCP, SNMP, CM

OSS / HEADEND / HUB PREMISES

1310 -> RF Amplifiers

virtualized Converged Cable Access Platform

November 15th, 2017

• Two approaches integrated into

CCAP increases capacity and throughput by combining headend functions

Frames Data Link

CCAP / Remote PHY

Multi-Domain Service Orchestration Primary

vCCAP DAA R-PHY Model

 vCCAP is an evolution of CCAP from CableLabs, to migrate to an all-IP architecture

1. Going FTTH everywhere

• Providers face locked-in requirements

• Not flexible on connectivity options and reconfigurations

• Hard to deal with fiber slack

• Mitigate and manage the risks by applying plug-and-play

• Deploy a physical network design that precisely focuses on

• Utilize universal designs that can accommodate any media in

• Determine how much plug-and-play technology to use

• Doesn’t require expensive fusion machine and

Plug-and-Play is too expensive. FALSE

Legacy Material Time/Labor

Plug-and-Play Material Time/Labor

connectorization eliminated 0.2dB Loss/0.4dB Loss - mated

• Replaced by snap-on connector Pre-Terminated SC

– Typical splice budget is 20 to 30db on a 20K loop with a 1x32 split

OSP ACCESS TAP/

Additional Loss: 0.34dB 0.74dB 0.39dB 1.47dB

One splice and plug-and-play

One splice replaced by plug-and-play (SC)

Quicker time to revenue & minimum break-even time

Optimized labor content

Reduced maintenance time

• More fiber means more optical connections

www.viavisolutions.com © 2017 Viavi Solutions Inc. 39

Responsible for around 80% of failures

Light Back Reflection Insertion Loss

www.viavisolutions.com © 2017 Viavi Solutions Inc. 40

1 Inspect 2 Clean 3 Re-inspect 4 Connect

Dirt, oil, pits, scratches SUBJECTIVE INSPECTION OBJECTIVE INSPECTION

IEC 61300-3-35 Sets Requirements for Connector Quality

www.viavisolutions.com © 2017 Viavi Solutions Inc. 42

www.viavisolutions.com © 2017 Viavi Solutions Inc. 43

• Repeat truck rolls – at own expense

• Loss budget (splitters consume majority)