4.

2 Perhitungan Kolom
4.2.1 Perhitungan Penulangan Lentur Kolom
Diketahui :
b kolom = 700 mm h balok =
h kolom = 700 mm T kolom =
Dia.Tul sengkang = 10 mm T kolom bersih =
Dia. Tul.Pokok = 25 mm β1 =
Selimut Beton Cb = 40 mm Es =
Mutu Beton f'c = 41.50 MPa
Fy ulir = 400 MPa
Fy polos = 240 MPa

a. Luas Penampang kolom (Ag)

Ag = b h
= 700 700
= 490000 mm2
b. Jumlah tulangan pada kolom 1% - 8% dicoba dengan : (Pasal 10.9.1)
491.07143 mm
2
Luas 1 tulangan :
ρ = 0.01
Asperlu = ρ Ag
= 0.01 490000
= 4900 mm2
Maka dipakai tulangan minimal 12 D 25 = 5887.5 mm² > 4900

0.01
Data :
Maka dipakai tulangan minimal = 5887.5
Jumlah baris setiap sisi : = 4

d = h - Cb - Ø sengkang - 1/2 D Pokok

= 700 - 40 - 10 - 1/2 25
= 637.5 mm
d' = 700 - 637.5 = 63 mm

63
baris 1 4 1964.2857
254 mm

baris 2 2 982.14286
 446 mm

baris 3 2 982.14286
638 mm

baris 4 4 1964.2857
700 mm

c. Beban Sentris
Po = 0.85 Fc' Ag - Ast + Fy Ast
= 0.85 41.50 490000 - 5887.5 + 400 5887.5
= 19432.1 KN

Pn = 0.8 Po
= 0.8 19432.068
= 15545.65 KN

фPn = 0.65 15545.65

= 10104.68 KN
d. Kondisi Seimbang
600 x d 600 x 637.5
cb = =
600 + Fy 600 + 400
= 382.5 mm

ab = cb β
= 382.5 0.77
= 293.70536 mm

Cc = 0.85 Fc' ab b
= 0.85 ### 293.70536 700
= 7252.3195 KN

0,003 fy 0,85 fc'

Cs1
es 1
Cb
es 2 Cs2

es 3 T1

es 4 T2
 es 3 T1

es 4 T2

Gambar 4.15 Diagram tegangan dan regangan kolom kondisi seimbang

fy 400
εy = =
Es 200000
= 0.002

cb - d' Fs = 0.0025098 Es
εs1 = x 0.003
cb = 0.0025098 200000
382.5 - 62.5 = 501.96078 Mpa
= x 0.003
382.5
= 0.0025098 > 0.002 Fy = 400 Mpa
εy ; maka yang di ambil : Fy

Cs1 = 1964.2857 400

= 785.71429 KN

382.5 - 254 Fs = 0.0010065 Es

εs2 = x 0.003
382.5 = 0.00101 200000
= 0.0010065 < 0.002 = 201.30719 Mpa
εy ; maka yang di ambil : Fs
Fy = 400 Mpa
Cs2 = 982.14286 201.30719
= 197.71242 KN

382.5 - 638 Fs = 0.002 Es

ε3 = x 0.003
382.5 = 0.002 200000
= 0.002 > 0.002 = 400 Mpa
εy ; maka yang di ambil : Fs
Fy = 400 Mpa
T2 = 982.14286 400
= 392.85714 KN

382.5 - 700 Fs = 0.0024902 Es

ε4 = x 0.003
382.5 = 0.0024902 200000
= 0.0024902 > 0.002 = 498.03922 Mpa
εy ; maka yang di ambil : Fy
Fy = 400 Mpa
T1 = 1964.2857 400
= 785.71429 KN

Pnb = Cc + Cs1 + Cs2 - T2 - T1

= 7252.3195 + 785.71429 + 197.71242 - 392.85714 - 785.71429
= 7057.1748 KN
 ф Pn = 0.65 7057.1748 = 4587.1636 KN

h ab h
Mnb = Cc - + Cs1 + T1 -
2 2 2
700 294 700
= 7252.3195 - + 785.71429 + 785.71429 -
2 2 2
= 1473289 + 451785.71 + 56596.25
= 1981.6713 KNm

ф Mnb = 0.65 1981.6713

= 1288.0863 KNm

Mnb 1981.6713
eb = = = 280.80235 mm
Pnb 7057.1748

d. Kondisi Seimbang
fy = 1,25 fy = 1.25 x 400 = 500 MPa

600 x d 600 x 637.5

cb = =
600 + Fy 600 + 500
= 347.72727 mm

ab = cb β
= 347.72727 0.77
= 267.00487 mm

Cc = 0.85 Fc' ab b
= 0.85 ### 267.00487 700
= 6593.0178 KN

0,003 fy 0,85 fc'

Cs1
es 1
Cb
es 2 Cs2

es 3 T1

es 4 T2

Gambar 4.15 Diagram tegangan dan regangan kolom kondisi seimbang

fy 500
εy = =
 εy = =
Es 200000
= 0.0025

cb - d' Fs = 0.0024608 Es
εs1 = x 0.003
cb = 0.0024608 200000
347.72727 - 62.5 = 492.15686 Mpa
= x 0.003
347.7272727273
= 0.0024608 < 0.002 Fy = 400 Mpa
εy ; maka yang di ambil : Fy

Cs1 = 1964.2857 400

= 785.71429 KN

347.72727 - 254 Fs = 0.0008072 Es

εs2 = x 0.003
347.7272727273 = 0.00081 200000
= 0.0008072 < 0.002 = 161.43791 Mpa
εy ; maka yang di ambil : Fs
Fy = 400 Mpa
Cs2 = 982.14286 161.43791
= 158.55509 KN

347.72727 - 638 Fs = 0.0025 Es

ε3 = x 0.003
347.7272727273 = 0.0025 200000
= 0.0025 > 0.002 = 500 Mpa
εy ; maka yang di ambil : Fy
Fy = 400 Mpa
T2 = 982.14286 400
= 392.85714 KN

347.72727 - 700 Fs = 0.0030392 Es

ε4 = x 0.003
347.7272727273 = 0.0030392 200000
= 0.0030392 > 0.002 = 607.84314 Mpa
εy ; maka yang di ambil : Fy
Fy = 400 Mpa
T1 = 1964.2857 400
= 785.71429 KN

Pnb = Cc + Cs1 + Cs2 - T2 - T1

= 6593.0178 + 785.71429 + 158.55509 - 392.85714 - 785.71429
= 6358.7157 KN
ф Pn = 0.65 6358.7157 = 4133.1652 KN

h ab h
Mnb = Cc - + Cs1 + T1 -
2 2 2
 700 267 700
= 6593.0178 - + 785.71429 + 785.71429 -
2 2 2
= 1427372 + 451785.71 + 52843.672
= 1932.0017 KNm

ф Mnb = 0.65 1932.0017

= 1255.8011 KNm

Mnb 1932.0017
eb = = = 303.8352 mm
Pnb 6358.7157

d. Kondisi patah Tarik

c = 158.33333 < 382.5 mm

ab = c β
= 158.33333 0.77
= 121.57738 mm

Cc = 0.85 Fc' ab b
= 0.85 ### 121.57738 700
= 3002.0495 KN
0,003 fy 0,85 fc'
Cs1
C es 1
es 2 Cs2

es 3 T1

es 4 T2

Gambar 4.15 Diagram tegangan dan regangan kolom kondisi patah tarik
fy 400
εy = =
Es 200000
= 0.002

cb - d' Fs = 0.0018158 Es
εs1 = x 0.003
cb = 0.0018158 200000
158.33333 - 62.5 = 363.15789 Mpa
= x 0.003
158.3333333333
 = 0.0018158 < 0.002 Fy = 400 Mpa
εy ; maka yang di ambil : Fs

Cs1 = 1964.2857 363

= 713.34586 KN

158.33333 - 254 Fs = 0.0018158 Es

εs2 = x 0.003
158.3333333333 = 0.00182 200000
= 0.0018158 < 0.002 = 363.15789 Mpa
εy ; maka yang di ambil : Fs
Fy = 400 Mpa
Cs2 = 982.14286 363.15789
= 356.67293 KN

158.33333 - 638 Fs = 0.0090789 Es

ε3 = x 0.003
158.3333333333 = 0.0090789 200000
= 0.0090789 > 0.002 = 1815.7895 Mpa
εy ; maka yang di ambil : Fy
Fy = 400 Mpa
T2 = 982.14286 400
= 392.85714 KN

158.33333 - 700 Fs = 0.0102632 Es

ε4 = x 0.003
158.3333333333 = 0.0102632 200000
= 0.0102632 > 0.002 = 2052.6316 Mpa
εy ; maka yang di ambil : Fy
Fy = 400 Mpa
T1 = 1964.2857 400
= 785.71429 KN

Pnb = Cc + Cs1 - Cs2 - T2 - T1

= 3002.0495 + 713.34586 - 356.67293 - 392.85714 - 785.71429
= 2180.151 KN
ф Pn = 0.65 2180.151 = 1417.0981 KN

h ab h
Mnb = Cc - + Cs1 + T1 -
2 2 2
700 122 700
= 3002.0495 - + 713.34586 + 785.71429 -
2 2 2
= 868226.66 + 430979.79 + 71829.966
= 1371.0364 KNm

ф Mnb = 0.65 1371.0364

= 891.17367 KNm
 Mnb 1371.0364
eb = = = 628.87223 mm
Pnb 2180.151

d. Kondisi patah Desak

c = 541.66667 < 382.5 mm

ab = c β
= 541.66667 0.77
= 415.92262 mm

Cc = 0.85 Fc' ab b
= 0.85 ### 415.92262 700
= 10270.169 KN 0,003 fy 0,85 fc'
Cs1
es 1
es 2 Cs2
C
es 3 T1

es 4 T2

Gambar 4.15 Diagram tegangan dan regangan kolom kondisi patah desak
fy 400
εy = =
Es 200000
= 0.002

cb - d' Fs = 0.0026538 Es
εs1 = x 0.003
cb = 0.0026538 200000
541.66667 - 62.5 = 530.76923 Mpa
= x 0.003
541.6666666667
= 0.0026538 > 0.002 Fy = 400 Mpa
εy ; maka yang di ambil : Fy

Cs1 = 1964.2857 400

= 785.71429 KN

541.66667 - 254 Fs = 0.0015923 Es

εs2 = x 0.003
 εs2 = x 0.003
541.6666666667 = 0.00159 200000
= 0.0015923 < 0.002 = 318.46154 Mpa
εy ; maka yang di ambil : Fs
Fy = 400 Mpa
Cs2 = 982.14286 318.46154
= 312.77473 KN

541.66667 - 446 Fs = 0.0005308 Es

ε3 = x 0.003
541.6666666667 = 0.0005308 200000
= 0.0005308 < 0.002 = 106.15385 Mpa
εy ; maka yang di ambil : Fs
Fy = 400 Mpa
T2 = 982.14286 106.15385
= 104.25824 KN

541.66667 - 638 Fs = 0.0005308 Es

ε4 = x 0.003
541.6666666667 = 0.0005308 200000
= 0.0005308 < 0.002 = 106.15385 Mpa
εy ; maka yang di ambil : Fs
Fy = 400 Mpa
T1 = 1964.2857 106.15385
= 208.51648 KN

Pnb = Cc + Cs1 + Cs2 + T2 - T1

= 10270.169 + 785.71429 + 312.77473 + 104.25824 - 208.51648
= 11264.4 KN
ф Pn = 0.65 11264.4 = 7321.86 KN

h ab h
Mnb = Cc - + Cs1 + T1 -
2 2 2
700 416 700
= 10270.169 - + 785.71429 + 208.51648 -
2 2 2
= 1458761 + 285841.35 + 39965.659
= 1784.5684 KNm

ф Mnb = 0.65 1784.5684

= 1159.9695 KNm

Mnb 1784.5684
eb = = = 158.42552 mm
Pnb 11264.4

Dicoba pemasangan tulangan sebagai berikut :

Tulangan yang terpasang pada daerah tarik As 8 D 25
Tulangan yang terpasang pada daerah tekan As' 4 D 25
Tulangan tekan
As' 4 D 25 = 1964.2857 mm²
As'1 0 D 25 = 0 mm²

y1 = d' = 40 + 10 x 1/2 25 = 62.5 mm

y2 = 62.5 + 191.67 = 254.2 mm

As' x y1 + As'1 x y2
y =
As total

1964.28571 x 62.5 + 0 x 254.2

y = = 62.500 mm
1964.29
d = 700 - 62.500
= 637.500 mm 0.003 fy 0.85 Fc'

es1 Cs1
Cc
c a

es2 Cs2

h
es3 T2

es4 T1

Gambar 4.19 Penampang kolom dan diagram tegangan regangan

Dimisalkan garis netral < y2 maka perhitungan garis netral harus dicari menggunakan persamaan :

0.85 Fc' a b + As' fs' = As fy

c - d'
Substitusi nilai : fs' = εs Es
c
c - d'
= 0.003 200000
c
c - d'
= 600
c

c - d'
0.85 Fc' a b + As' 600 = As fyulir
c

0.85 Fc' a b c + 600 As' c - 600 As' d' = As

Distribusi : a = β1 c
 0.85 Fc' β1 b c² + 600 As' c - 600 As' d' = As

0.85 41.50 0.77 700 c² + 600 1964.2857 c - 600 1964.2857

18960.313 c² + 1178571.43 c - 73660714.2857 = 1571428.57143
18960.313 c² + -392857.14 c - 73660714.28571 = 0

Dihitung dengan rumus ABC

-b +/- b² - 4 a c
c =
2 a

392857.14 + 154336734694 - 4 18960.313 -73660714.2857

c =
2 18960.313
392857.1428571 + 5740857382015
c+ =
37920.625
= 73.544826

392857.1428571 - 5740857382015
c- =
37920.625
= -52.82485
18960.313 5408.8415 + -392857.142857 73.545 - 73660714.28571 =
0 =

Maka di pakai nilai c = 73.544826 < y2 = 254.2

a = β c
= 0.77 73.54
= 56.4719202 mm

c - d' 73.54 - 62.5

fs' = x 600 = x 600
c 73.54
= 90.106893 Mpa

Menghitung gaya tekan dan tarik

Cc = 0.85 Fc' a b
= 0.85 41.50 56.47192 700
= 1394.432889244 N

Cs1 = As' x fs'

= 1964.2857 x 90.106893
= 176.9956821848 N

Cs2 = As'1 x fy
= 982.14286 400
= 392.8571428571 N
T1 = As x Fy
= 982.14286 400
= 392.8571428571 N

T2 = As2 x Fy
= 1964.2857 400
= 785.7142857143 N

Cc + Cs1 = Cs2 + T1 + T2
1394.432889244 + 176.99568 = 392.85714 + 392.85714 + 785.71429
1571.428571429 = 1571.428571429 (Metode keseimbangan terpenuhi)

a
ZDD = c -
2
56.47192
= 73.54 -
2
= 45.308866 mm

ZD1 = c - d'
= 73.54483 - 63
= 11.044826 mm

ZD2 = c - y1
= 254.2 - 73.544826
= 180.6 mm

ZT1 = y2 - c
= 445.8 - 73.544826
= 372.3
ZT2 = y3 - c
= 638 - 73.544826
= 563.95517 mm

Mn = Cc ZDD + Cs1 ZD1 + Cs2 ZD2

= 1394.4329 45.308866 + 176.99568 11.044826 + 176.99568 180.6
= 686.47 KNm

ф Mn = 0.65 686.47
= 446.204317844

Tabel 4.2 : Nilai ф Pn dan ф Mn Perhitungan

12 D 25
Kondisi
ф Pn (kN) ф Mn (kNm)
Sentris 10104.676 0
Patah Desak 7321.860 1159.969
Balance 4587.164 1288.086
Balance 1,25 fy 4133.165 1255.801
Patah Tarik 1417.098 891.174
Lentur 0 446.204
Sumber : Perhitungan
 0.85
0.76786
600 mm
4000 mm
3400 mm
0.77
200000 Mpa

4900 mm² AMAN 4 = 12 buah 0.0120153

700 3
600 166.66667 25 Ok
100 191.66667

63
1964.2857 mm²
192

982.14286 mm²
 192

982.14286 mm²
192

1964.2857
63
om kondisi seimbang

200000

200000

200000

200000

785.71429
 h
63 + Cs2 + T2 - 254
2
700
62.5 + 197.71242 + 392.85714 - 254.16667
2

0,85 fc'
Cs1

Cs2

T1

T2

om kondisi seimbang
 200000

200000

200000

200000

785.71429

h
63 + Cs2 + T2 - 254
2
 700
62.5 + 158.55509 + 392.85714 - 254.16667
2

y 0,85 fc'
Cs1

Cs2

T1

T2

m kondisi patah tarik

200000
 200000

200000

200000

785.71429

h
63 + Cs2 + T2 - 254
2
700
62.5 + 356.67293 + 392.85714 - 254.16667
2
5 fc'
Cs1

Cs2

T1

m kondisi patah desak

200000
 200000

200000

200000

208.51648

h
63 + Cs2 + T2 - 254
2
700
62.5 + 312.77473 + 104.25824 - 254.16667
2

= 3928.5714 mm²
= 1964.2857 mm²
regangan

akan persamaan :

fyulir c
 fyulir c

62.5 = 3928.5714 400 c

c

-73660714.2857

0
0
 ZD2 + T1 ZT1 + T2 ZT2
180.6 + 392.85714 372.3 + 785.71429 564.0

Diagram Inter
12000.000

10000.000

8000.000
Pn kNm

6000.000

4000.000

2000.000

0.000
0 200 400 600
Mn kNm
 Pn kNm
6000.000

4000.000

### 0 2000.000
### 1160
0.000
### 1288 0 200 400 600
### 891 Mn kNm
### 446
 Diagram Interaksi K 70 x 70

12 D 25

200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400

Mn kNm
 12 D 25

200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400

Mn kNm
ρ = 0.02
Asperlu = ρ Ag
= 0.02 490000
= 9800 mm2
Maka dipakai tulangan minimal 20 D 25 = 9812.5

ρ = 0.03
Asperlu = ρ Ag
= 0.03 490000
= 14700 mm2
Maka dipakai tulangan minimal 32 D 25 = 15700

ρ = 0.04
Asperlu = ρ Ag
= 0.04 490000
 = 19600 mm2
Maka dipakai tulangan minimal 40 D 25 = 19625
9812.5 mm² > 9800 mm² AMAN 6 = 20 buah

15700 mm² > 14700 mm² AMAN 9 = 32 buah

19625 mm² > 19600 mm² AMAN 11 = 40 buah