g]kfn /fi6« a}+° P]g, @)%*

nfndf]x/ / k|sfzg ldlt

@)%*.!).!&
;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g
!= g]kfn /fi6« a}Í -klxnf] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)^# @)^#.&.@#
@= u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg"g
;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^^ @)^^.!).&
#= s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)&@ @)&@.!!.!#
$= g]kfn /fi6« a}Í -bf];|f] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)&# @)&#.&.@(
%= s]xL g]kfn sfg"gnfO{ ;+zf]wg, PsLs/0f, ;dfof]hg
/ vf/]h ug]{ P]g, @)&$ @)&$.^.#)

@)%* ;fnsf] P]g g+= !%

================
s]Gb|Lo a}+°sf] sfo{ ug{ g]kfn /fi6« a}°sf] :yfkgf ug{ ag]sf] P]g

k|:tfjgf M g]kfn ========= sf] cy{tGqsf] lbuf] ljsf;df ;xof]u k'Ug] u/L d"No / zf]wgfGt/
l:y/tf tyf ;du| ljQLo If]qsf] :yfloTj sfod ug{sf nflu s]Gb|Lo a}°sf] ?kdf g]kfn /fi6« a}+°sf]
:yfkgf ug{ jf~5gLo ePsf]n],
>L % dxf/fhflw/fh 1fg]Gb| jL/ ljqmd zfxb]jsf] zf;gsfnsf] klxnf] jif{df ;+;bn] of] P]g
agfPsf] 5 .
kl/R5]b – !
k|f/lDes
!= ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/De M -!_ o; P]gsf] gfd æg]kfn /fi6« a}+° P]g, @)%*Æ /x]sf] 5 .
-@_ of] P]g t'?Gt k|f/De x'g]5 .
@= kl/efiff M ljifo jf k|;+un] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df o; P]gdf,–
-s_ æa}+°Æ eGgfn] bkmf # adf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf] g]kfn /fi6« a}° ;D´g' k5{ .


of] P]g ;+jt\ @)^# ;fn efb| @$ ut]b]lv k|f/De ePsf] dflgg] u/L bkmf ! sf] pkbkmf -@_ df Joj:yf ePsf] .

of] P]g ;+jt\ @)^% ;fn h]7 !% ut]b]lv nfu" ePsf] .
 u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^^ åf/f lemlsPsf] .

bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

1
-v_ æ;ldltÆ eGgfn] bkmf !$ adf]lhd u7g ePsf] a}°sf] ;~rfns ;ldlt ;D´g'
k5{ .
-u_ æ;~rfnsÆ eGgfn] ;ldltsf] ;b:o ;D´g' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] ueg{/ / 8]k'6L ueg{/
;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-3_ æueg{/Æ eGgfn] bkmf !% adf]lhd lgo'Qm a}°sf] ueg{/ ;D´g' k5{ .
-ª_ æ8]k'6L ueg{/Æ eGgfn] bkmf !^ adf]lhd lgo'Qm a}°sf] 8]k'6L ueg{/ ;D´g' k5{ .
-r_ æafl0fHo a}°Æ eGgfn] k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf] afl0fHo a}° ;D´g'
k5{ .
-5_ æljQLo ;+:yfÆ eGgfn] s[lif, ;xsf/L, pBf]u jf cGo s'g} vf; cfly{s k|of]hgsf
nflu shf{ lbg] jf ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfaf6 lgIf]k ;+sng ug]{ p2]Zon] k|rlnt sfg"g
adf]lhd :yfkgf ePsf] ljQLo ;+:yf ;D´g' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn
/fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L ljQLo ;+:yf egL tf]lslbPsf] ;+:yf ;d]tnfO{
hgfpF5 .
-h_ æd'b|fÆ eGgfn] ;a} lsl;dsf] s/]G;L gf]6, kf]:6n c8{/, kf]:6n gf]6, dlg c8{/, r]s,
8«fÇ6, 6«fen;{ r]s, k|lttkq, ljlgdokq, k|lt1fkq, qm]l86 sf8{ ;D´g' k5{ / ;f]
zAbn] a}°n] cfjZostf cg';f/ ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg / k|;f/0f u/L
tf]lslbPsf] cGo o:t} k|sf/sf df}lb|s pks/0f ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-´_ æs/]G;L gf]6Æ eGgfn] gubsf] ?kdf rng rlNtdf /x]sf] a}° gf]6 ;D´g' k5{ / ;f]
zAbn] l;Ssf ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-`_ æljb]zL d'b|fÆ eGgfn] g]kfnL d'b|f afx]s cGo d'b|f ;D´g' k5{ / ;f] zAbn]
cGt/f{li6«o d'b|f sf]ifaf6 /sd l´Sg] ljz]if clwsf/ -:k]zn 8«O· /fO6\;_, Plzog
s/]G;L o'lg6, o'/f]lkog s/]G;L o'lg6 tyf a}°n] cfjZostf cg';f/ ;fj{hlgs
;"rgf k|sfzg / k|;f/0f u/L tf]lslbPsf] cGo pks/0f ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-6_ æg]kfnL d'b|fÆ eGgfn] g]kfnL ?k}ofFdf cl°t d'b|f ;D´g' k5{ .
-7_ ækl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'b|fÆ eGgfn] a}°n] cfjZostf cg';f/ ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg /
k|;f/0f u/L kl/jTo{ ljb]zL d'b|f egL tf]lslbPsf] ljb]zL d'b|f ;D´g' k5{ .
-8_ æljb]zL ljlgdoÆ eGgfn] ljb]zL d'b|f, ljb]zL d'b|fdf e'QmfgL x'g] jf k|fKt x'g] ;a}
lsl;dsf] lgIf]k, shf{, df}Hbft, ljb]zL lwtf]kq / ljb]zL d'b|fdf e'QmfgL x'g] jf
x'g;Sg] cGt/f{li6«o k|rngdf /x]sf r]s, 8«fÇ6, 6«fen;{ r]s, On]S6«f]lgs km08
6«fG;km/, qm]l86sf8{, k|lttkq, ljlgdokq, k|lt1fkq ;D´g' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] a}°n]

2
 cfjZostf cg';f/ ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg / k|;f/0f u/L tf]lslbPsf] cGo
h'g;'s} df}lb|s pks/0f ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-9_ æljb]zL ljlgdo sf/f]af/Æ eGgfn] ljb]zL ljlgdo v/Lb laqmL ug]{, C0f lng], lbg]
jf cGo s'g} t/Lsfn] ljb]zL ljlgdo lng], lbg] sfo{ ;D´g' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] a}°n]
ljb]zL ljlgdo ;6xL :jLs[lt lbg] sfo{ ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-0f_ æOhfhtkq k|fKt JolQmÆ eGgfn] a}°af6 ljb]zL ljlgdo sf/f]af/ ug{ Ohfhtkq
k|fKt u/]sf] JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yf ;D´g' k5{ .
-t_ æk|lttkqÆ eGgfn] s'g} Ps a}°n] s'g} csf]{ a}°sf] gfddf kmnfgfsf] olt ?k}ofFn]
vfd];Ddsf] r]s, 8«fÇ6, x'08L jf ljlgd]okq :jLsf/ ug'{ egL n]v]sf] kq ;D´g'
k5{ .
-y_ ælwtf]kqÆ eGgfn] s'g} ;+ul7t ;+:yfn] hf/L u/]sf] z]o/, :6s a08, l8j]Gr/,
l8j]Gr/ :6s jf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd s'g} ;+ul7t ;+:yfn] hf/L u/]sf] Psf°
art sfo{qmd jf ;d'xut art sfo{qmd ;DaGwL k|df0fkq jf x:tfGt/0fof]Uo
lgIf]k k|df0fkq ;D´g' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf
k|sfzg u/L tf]lslbPsf] lwtf]kq jf lwtf]kqsf] w/f}6L ;DaGwL e/kfO{, lwtf]kq
;DaGwL xs / clwsf/ ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-b_ æljlgd]oÆ eGgfn] ljlgd]o clwsf/kq kfpg] s'g} JolQmnfO{ wf/s aGg ;Sg] u/L ;f]
kq x:tfGt/0f ug]{ sfd ;D´g' k5{ .
-w_ æljlgd]o clwsf/kqÆ eGgfn] k|lt1fkq, ljlgdokq jf r]s ;D´g' k5{ .
-g_ æljlgdokqÆ eGgfn] kmnfgf ldltdf jf olt cjlw kl5 jf dfu]sf] avt ;f] kqdf
n]lvPsf] s'g} vf; JolQmnfO{ jf lghn] cx|fPsf] JolQmnfO{ jf ;f] kq lnO{ cfpg]
JolQmnfO{ lagf zt{ olt /sd lbg' egL s'g} Ps JolQmn] csf]{ JolQmnfO{ lgb]{zg
u/L b:tvt ul/lbPsf] lnvt ;D´g' k5{ .
-k_ æk|lt1fkqÆ eGgfn] kmnfgf ldltdf jf dfu]sf] avt ;f] kqdf n]lvPsf] s'g} vf;
JolQmnfO{ jf lghn] cx|fPsf] JolQmnfO{ jf ;f] kq lnO{ cfpg] JolQmnfO{ lagf zt{
olt /sd lbG5' egL sa'n u/L b:tvt u/L lbPsf] lnvt ;D´g' k5{ .
-km_ ær]sÆ eGgfn] dfUgf;fy e'QmfgL lbg' egL s'g} a}° pk/ lvlrPsf] ljlgdokq
;D´g' k5{ .
-a_ æshf{Æ eGgfn] /sd nufgL ug]{ k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf k|lta4tf / To;sf] abnfdf
pQm nufgL u/]sf] /sd c;'nL ug]{ clwsf/ tyf To:tf shf{sf] Aofh jf cGo

3
 b:t'/sf] r'Qmf, shf{ jf nufgLsf] lwtf]df lbOPsf] k'gs{hf{, shf{sf] k'g;+/rgf /
gjLs/0f, shf{ r'Qmfsf] nflu hf/L u/]sf] hdfgL tyf To:tf] r'Qmfsf] nflu ul/Psf]
cGo jrgj4tf ;D´g' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] s'g} klg lsl;dsf] C0f ;d]tnfO{
hgfpF5 .
-e_ æn]vfÆ eGgfn] sf/f]af/ ePsf] Joxf]/f b]lvg] u/L k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd /flvg]
clen]v vftf tyf lstfa ;D´g' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] To:tf] sf/f]af/nfO{ k|dfl0ft ug]{
cGo sfuhft ;d]tnfO{ hgfpF5 .
-d_ æC0f ;'/If0fÆ eGgfn] C0fef/o'Qm s'g} klg ljlgd]okq ;D´g' k5{ / ;f] zAbn] a's
OG6«L jf k|dfl0ft ?kdf /x]sf] ;f]xL ;/xsf] cGo s'g} C0fef/o'Qm pks/0f ;d]tnfO{
hgfpF5 .
-o_ ædf}lb|s bfloTjÆ eGgfn] a}°sf] jf;nftdf ePsf] rngrNtLdf /x]sf] a}° gf]6 tyf
l;Ssf ;D´g' k5{ .
-/_ æcGt/f{li6«o n]vf dfkb08Æ eGgfn] cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] n]vf dfkb08 ;D´g' k5{ .
-n_ æsd{rf/LÆ eGgfn] a}°sf] s'g} kbdf axfn /x]sf] JolQm ;D´g' k5{ .
-j_ ætf]lsPsf] jf tf]lsPadf]lhdÆ eGgfn] o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod jf ljlgoddf
tf]lsPsf] jf tf]lsPadf]lhd ;D´g' k5{ .
kl/R5]b @
:yfkgf, p2]Zo tyf sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/
#= a}°sf] :yfkgf M -!_ s]Gb|Lo a}°sf] sfo{ ug{ g]kfn /fi6« a}° gfdsf] Pp6f s]Gb|Lo a}°
:yfkgf x'g]5 .
-@_ g]kfn /fi6« a}° P]g, @)!@ cGtu{t :yfkgf ePsf] g]kfn /fi6« a}° o;} P]g
cGtu{t :yfkgf ePsf] dflgg]5 .
-#_ a}° cljlR5Gg pQ/flwsf/jfnf Ps :jzfl;t / ;+ul7t ;+:yf x'g]5 .
-$_ a}°sf] sfdsf/afxLsf] lgldQ cfkmgf]] Pp6f 5'§} 5fk x'g]5 .
-%_ a}°n] o; P]gsf] cwLgdf /xL rn, crn ;DklQ k|fKt ug{, pkef]u ug{, /fVg,
a]r lavg ug{ / o:t} cGo lsl;dn] Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-^_ a}°n] cfkmgf]] gfdaf6 gflnz ph'/ ug{ / a}° pk/ klg ;f]xL gfdaf6 gfln;
ph'/ nfUg ;Sg]5 .

4
 -&_ a}°sf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no sf7df8f}+df /xg]5 / a}°n] cfjZostf cg';f/ g]kfn
================ leq jf aflx/ h'g;'s} 7fpFdf zfvf, pkzfvf tyf cGo sfof{nox? vf]Ng /
Ph]06 jf k|ltlglw lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 .
$= a}°sf] p2]Zo M -!_ a}°sf] p2]Zo b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5M–

-s_ cfly{s :yfloTj / cy{tGqsf] lbuf] ljsf;sf] lgldQ d"No / zf]wgfGt/
l:y/tf sfod ug{sf] nflu cfjZos df}lb|s tyf ljb]zL ljlgdo gLlt lgdf{0f
u/L ;f] sf] Joj:yfkg ug]{,

-v_ ljQLo ;]jfsf] kx'Fr clej[l4 / a}lsË tyf ljQLo If]qsf] :yfloTj sfod u/L
a}lsË tyf ljQLo k|0ffnL k|lt ;j{;fwf/0fsf] ljZj;gLotf clej[l4 ug]{,
-u_ ;'/lIft, :j:y tyf ;Ifd e'QmfgL k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ug]{,

-3_ ===========

-ª_ ===========
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] p2]Zodf s'g} k|lts'n k|efj gkg]{ u/L a}°n] g]kfn
;/sf/sf] cfly{s gLlt sfof{Gjogdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg]5 .
%= a}°sf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M -!_ bkmf $ adf]lhdsf] p2]Zo xfl;n ug{sf] lgldQ a}°sf]
sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M–
-s_ a}° gf]6 tyf l;Ssf lgisfzg ug]{,
-v_ d"No l:y/tf sfod ug{ cfjZos df}lb|s gLlt th'{df ug]{ / ;f] gLlt
sfof{Gjog ug]{, u/fpg],
-u_ ljb]zL ljlgdo gLlt lgdf{0f ug]{ tyf ;f] gLlt sfof{Gjog ug]{, u/fpg],
-3_ ljlgdo b/ k4lt lgwf{/0f ug]{,
-ª_ ljb]zL ljlgdo ;+lrltsf] Joj:yfkg / ;~rfng ug]{,
-r_ afl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ a}l°· tyf ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ Ohfhtkq
hf/L ug]{, To:tf] sf/f]af/sf] ;DaGwdf cfjZos lgodg, lg/LIf0f, ;'kl/j]If0f
tyf cg'udg ug]{,
-5_ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] a}°/, ;Nnfxsf/ tyf ljQLo Ph]G6sf] ?kdf sfo{ ug]{,
-h_ afl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] a}° tyf clGtd C0fbftfsf] ?kdf sfo{ ug]{,

 u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^^ åf/f lemlsPsf] .

bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f lemlsPsf] .

5
 -´_ e'QmfgL, km5\of}{6 -lSnol/·_ tyf lx;fa ldnfg -;]6nd]G6_ k4ltsf] :yfkgf
tyf k|a4{g u/L ;f] sfo{nfO{ lgoldt ug]{, /

-em!_ t/ntf Joj:yfkgsf] lgldQ cfjZos pks/0fsf] dfWodåf/f v'nf ahf/
sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ug]{,
-`_ o; P]g adf]lhd a}°sf] p2]Zo xfl;n ug{sf] lgldQ a}°n] ug'{ kg]{ cGo
cfjZos sfo{x? sfof{Gjog ug]{, u/fpg] .
-@_ a}°nfO{ o; P]g jf cGo k|rlnt sfg"gåf/f k|bfg ul/Psf] clwsf/sf] k|of]u
ubf{ cfjZos kg]{ cGo sfd, sf/afxL ;d]t ug]{ clwsf/ x'g]5 .
-#_ a}°n] o; P]g cGtu{t k|fKt u/]sf] clwsf/sf] cltqmd0f s;}af6 x'g] 5}g .
^= a}°sf] cu|flwsf/ M -!_ a}°n] C0fLnfO{ k|bfg u/]sf] shf{ jf cGo s'g} klg lsl;dsf] a}°sf]
bfjL C0fLaf6 shf{ c;'npk/ ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu To:tf] C0fLsf] a}°df /x]sf] vftf jf
cGo s'g} afl0fHo a}° jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] vftfdf hDdf /x]sf] gub jf To:tf] C0fLsf]
gfddf /x]sf] cGo s'g} klg lsl;dsf] rn crn ;DklQ pk/ bfjL ;'/lIft ug]{ a}°sf]
cu|flwsf/ x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd a}°sf] cu|flwsf/ /xg] gub jf rn crn ;DklQnfO{
a}°n] cfkmgf]] sAhfdf lnO{ tf]lsPadf]lhd laqmL u/L ;f]af6 cfPsf] /sdaf6 cfkmgf]] shf{
c;'npk/ ug{]5 .
&= a}°n] ug{ gx'g] sfd M -!_ o; P]gdf Joj:yf ul/Psf]df afx]s a}°n] b]xfosf sfd ug]{
5}g M–
-s_ s'g} shf{ k|bfg ug]{, s'g} klg lsl;dsf] lgIf]k /fVg] jf s'g} lsl;dsf] cfly{s
pkxf/ lbg],
-v_ s'g} afl0fHo a}°, ljQLo ;+:yf, ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfg jf sDkgLsf] z]o/ vl/b
ug]{ jf cGo s'g} klg lsl;dn] s'g} ljQLo, Jofkfl/s, s[lif, cf}Bf]lus jf cGo
;+:yfdf :jfldTj ;DaGwL clwsf/ k|fKt ug]{,
-u_ s'g} lsl;dsf] Jofkf/ ug]{, jf
-3_ vl/b u/]/, ef8fdf lnP/ jf s'g} tl/sfaf6 rn crn ;DklQ dfly clwsf/
k|fKt ug]{ .


bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

6
 t/ cfkmgf]] sf/f]af/ / Joj:yf ;~rfng ug{ jf cfkmgf]] p2]Zo k"/f ug{
cfjZos kg]{ ;DklQ eg] a}°n] k|fKt ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg a}°n] b]xfosf sfd ug{
;Sg]5 M–
-s_ a}°sf] cfkmgf]] sfd sf/afxL jf bfloTj k"/f ug{ ;xof]u x'g] sfd sf/afxL
ug]{ ;+:yfnfO{ ;f] ;+:yfsf] s'n k'FhLsf] bz k|ltzt ggf£g] u/L C0f k|bfg ug]{
jf To:tf ;+:yfsf] z]o/df :jfldTj k|fKt ug]{ .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; v08sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æa}°sf] sfd sf/afxL jf bfloTj
k"/f ug{ ;xof]u x'g] sfd sf/afxL ug]{ ;+:yfÆ eGgfn] ljz'4 ?kdf afl0fHo
a}° jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] lwtf] d"Nof°g, ;~rfng / ;+/If0f ug]{, lwtf]
k'g;+/rgf ug]{ / x:tfGt/0f ug]{, ;fv d"Nof°g ug]{, ;fv ;"rgf cfbfg k|bfg
ug]{, tYof° k|zf]wg ug]{ / ;+k|]if0f ug]{, ljQLo pks/0f d'b|0f ug]{, e'QmfgLsf]
lSnol/· ug]{, ;DklQnfO{ t/n agfpg], a}° gf]6 jf l;Ssf pTkfbg ug]{,
6«li6sf] ?kdf sfd ug]{ h:tf a}°n] tf]s]sf] cGo s'g} klg ;+:yf jf sDkgL
;D´g' k5{ .
-v_ a}°n] cfkmgf] sd{rf/LnfO{ shf{ k|bfg ug{] .
*= a}°nfO{ 5"6 / ;'ljwf M k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s"/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg a}°nfO{ b]xfosf]
5"6 / ;'ljwf k|fKt x'g]5 M–
-s_ a}°sf] cfDbfgL, k'FhL sf/f]af/, 3/hUuf, hfoh]yf tyf ;DklQdf ;a}
lsl;dsf] s/, z'Ns tyf dx;'n cflbdf 5"6 .
-v_ a}°n] lbg] shf{ jf k'gs{hf{sf] lnvt /lhi6«]zg ug{ k/]df /lhi6]«zg b:t"/
gnfUg] .
-u_ a}°;+u ;DalGwt s'g} klg lnvtdf cfo l6s6 6fF:g' gkg]{ .
-3_ a}°sf] gf]6, l;Ssf, ;'g, rfFbL tyf 6sd/L ug{sf] lgldQ k|of]u x'g] sfuh,
wft', /;fog tyf cGo j:t'x?sf] lgsf;L / k}7f/Ldf s'g} lsl;dsf] s/,
z'Ns, b:t'/, dx;'n gnfUg] .
(= g]kfn ;/sf/ a}°sf] ;DaGw M o; P]g adf]lhd g]kfn ;/sf/n] a}°;+u / a}°n] g]kfn
;/sf/;+u ;DaGw /fVbf cy{ dGqfno dfkm{t /fVg' kg]{5 .

7
!)= ;fj{hlgs lgsfo;+u ;dGjoM -!_cfkmgf] p2]Zo k|fKtLsf] nflu a}°n] ;fj{hlgs lgsfo jf
ltgsf Ph]G;L jf lgsfo;+u cfjZos ;dGjo ug]{5 .
-@_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] cg'/f]w u/]sf] v08df a}°n] zf]wgfGt/ / a}l°· tyf ljQLo
ljifodf cfjZos ;"rgf pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-#_ a}°n] cg'/f]w u/]sf] v08df g]kfn ;/sf/, ;fj{hlgs lgsfo tyf lghL If]qn]
a}°nfO{ cfly{s tyf ljQLo ljifodf cfjZos ;"rgf pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
!!= cGt/f{li6«o ;xof]u tyf ;DaGw M -!_ a}°n] cfkmgf]] clwsf/If]qleq /x]sf df}lb|s gLlt,
ljb]zL ljlgdo gLlt, zf]wgfGt/, a}° ;'kl/j]If0f tyf cGo ;DalGwt ljifox?sf ;DaGwdf
cGt/f{li6«o ;+3, ;+:yfx?df g]kfn =============== sf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{5 .
-@_ a}°n] ljb]zL ;/sf/, ljb]zL s]Gb|Lo a}°, ljb]zL a}° tyf cGt/f{li6«o ;+3,
;+:yfx?nfO{ a}ls· tyf e'QmfgL ;]jf pknAw u/fpg] / cfkm"n] klg ltgLx?af6 To:t}
;'lawf k|fKt ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ cGt/f{li6«o df}lb|s ;xof]usf] dfWodaf6 ljQLo tyf cfly{s :yfloTj k|fKt ug{
sfo{/t cGt/f{li6«o ;+3, ;+:yfdf a}°n] efu lng]5 .
-$_ a}°n] g]kfn ========== sf] k|ltlglwsf] x}l;otn] cGt/f{li6«o ;+3, ;+:yfdf efu
ln+bf cfkmgf]] d'n'ssf] tkm{af6 axg ug'{kg]{ pQ/bfloTj / ;DkGg ug'{kg]{ sfo{sf] lhDd]jf/L
lng]5 .
!@= ;fj{hlgs ;"rgfsf] k|jfx M a}°n] ;dli6ut cy{tGq, ljQLo ahf/sf] ljsf;, d'b|fk|bfo,
d"No l:y/tf, shf{sf] lj:tf/, zf]wgfGt/ tyf ljb]zL ljlgdo h:tf ljifodf cfkm"n] u/]sf]
tYof+°ut laZn]if0fsf] hfgsf/L lgoldt ?kn] ;fj{hlgs ?kdf k|sfzg / k|;f/0f ug]{5 .
!#= vftf ;~rfng M a}°n] g]kfn ;/sf/ cGo ;/sf/L lgsfo, afl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yf,
;fj{hlgs ;+:yfg, ljb]zL lgof]u, ljb]zL s]Gb|Lo a}°, ljb]zL a}° tyf cGt/f{li6«o ;+3,
;+:yfsf] nflu vftf vf]nL ;~rfng ug{ ;Sg]5 . o:tf] vftf vf]Ng] / ;~rfng ug]{ k|s[of
a}°n] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
t/ a}°n] s'g} JolQm, pBf]u jf /fhg}lts ;+:yfsf] nflu vftf ;~rfng ug]{ 5}g .
kl/R5]b #
;ldltsf] u7g tyf sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/
!$= ;~rfns ;ldltsf] u7g M a}°df b]xfosf ;b:o ePsf] Pp6f ;~rfns ;ldlt x'g]5 M–
-s_ ueg{/ –cWoIf

 u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^^ åf/f lemlsPsf] .

8
 -v_ ;lrj, cy{ dGqfno –;b:o
-u_ b'O{hgf 8]k'6L ueg{/ –;b:o
-3_ cfly{s, df}lb|s, a}l°·, ljQLo, tyf afl0fHo sfg"gsf] If]qsf nAwk|ltli7t
JolQmx?dWo]af6 g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgo'Qm u/]sf tLghgf ;~rfns –
;b:o
!%= ueg{/sf] lgo'lQmM -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/, dlGqkl/ifb\n] pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd u7g ePsf]
l;kmfl/; ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;sf] cfwf/df ueg{/sf] lgo'lQm ug]{5 .
-@_ g]kfn ;/sf/, dlGqkl/ifb\n] ueg{/sf] lgo'lQm ug{ b]xfo adf]lhd l;kmfl/;
;ldltsf] u7g ug]{5 M–
-s_ cy{ dGqL – cWoIf
-v_ k"j{ ueg{/x¿dWo]af6 Pshgf – ;b:o
-u_ cfly{s, df}lb|s, a}l°·, ljQLo tyf afl0fHo sfg"gsf] If]qsf
nAwk|ltli7t JolQmx? dWo]af6 g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] Pshgf
JolQm – ;b:o
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd u7g ePsf] ;ldltn] ueg{/sf] lgo'lQmsf] nflu l;kmfl/;
ubf{ cfly{s, df}lb|s, a}l°·, ljQLo, afl0fHo, Joj:yfkg tyf afl0fHo sfg"g If]qsf
nAwk|ltli7t JolQmx? tyf 8]k'6L ueg{/x¿dWo]af6 tLghgfsf] gfdfjnL g]kfn ;/sf/,
dlGqkl/ifb\df l;kmfl/; ug]{5 .
-$_ g]kfn ;/sf/, dlGqkl/ifb\n] pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd l;kmfl/; ePsf gfddWo]af6
Ps hgfnfO{ ueg{/ kbdf lgo'Qm ug]{5 .
!^= 8]k'6L ueg{/sf] lgo'lQm M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/, dlGqkl/ifb\n] ueg{/sf] l;kmfl/zdf 8]k'6L
ueg{/sf] lgo'lQm ug]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ueg{/n] 8]k'6L ueg{/ kbdf lgo'lQmsf] nflu l;kmfl/z ubf{
a}°sf ljlzi6 >]0fLsf clws[tx?dWo]af6 sfo{Ifdtfsf] cfwf/df l/Qm kbsf] bf]Aa/ ;+Vofdf
gfdfjnL l;kmfl/z ug{' kg]{5 .
-#_ o; bkmf adf]lhd 8]k'6L ueg{/ kbdf lgo'Qm ePsf] JolQm a}°sf] ;]jfaf6 :jtM
lgj[Q ePsf] dflgg]5 .
!&= ;~rfnssf] lgo'lQmM -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/, dlGqkl/ifb\n] ;~rfnssf] lgo'lQm ug]{5 .

9
 -@_ g]kfn ;/sf/, dlGqkl/ifb\n] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;~rfnssf] lgo'lQm ubf{
cfly{s, df}lb|s, a}l°·, ljQLo, afl0fHo, Joj:yfkg tyf afl0fHo sfg"g If]qsf nAw k|ltli7t
JolQmx?dWo] cnu cnu If]qsf] k|ltlglwTj x'g] u/L ug'{ kg]{5 .
!*= ;~rfnssf] sfo{sfn M -!_ ueg{/, 8]k'6L ueg{/ / ;~rfnssf] sfo{sfn kfFr jif{sf] x'g]5 .
-@_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] dgfl;j b]v]df sfo{sfn ;dfKt ePsf] ueg{/nfO{ k'gM Ps
k6ssf] sfo{sfnsf] lgldQ / ;~rfnsnfO{ hlt ;'s} k6ssf] sfo{sfnsf] lgldQ klg k'gM
lgo'lQm ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!(= ;~rfnssf] kfl/>lds tyf cGo ;'ljwf M ueg{/, 8]k'6L ueg{/ tyf ;~rfnssf] kfl/>lds
tyf cGo ;'ljwf ;ldltn] tf]s]adf]lhd x'g]5 .
@)= ;~rfnssf] of]Uotf M ueg{/, 8]k'6L ueg{/ / ;~rfns kbdf lgo'lQm x'gsf] nflu b]xfo
adf]lhd of]Uotf k'u]sf] JolQm x'g' kg]{5 M–
-s_ g]kfnsf] gful/s ePsf],
-v_ pRr g}lts rl/q ePsf],
-u_ cfly{s, df}lb|s, a}l°·, ljQLo, afl0fHo, Joj:yfkg, hgk|zf;g, tYof+°zf:q,
ul0ft tyf sfg"g ljifodf slDtdf :gftsf]Q/ pkflw xfl;n u/L cfly{s,

df}lb|s, a}l°·, ljQLo jf jfl0fHo sfg"gsf] If]qdf sfo{ cg'ej xfl;n
u/]sf],
:ki6Ls/0f M o; v08sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æsfo{ cg'ejÆ eGgfn] g]kfn
;/sf/ jf a}°sf] lalzi7 >]0fLsf] kb jf ljZj ljBfnosf] k|fWofks jf æsÆ
>]0fLsf] jfl0fHo a}° jf ljQLo ;:yfsf] sfo{sf/L k|d'v jf cGt/f{li6«o ;+3,
;+:yfsf] sfo{sf/L txsf] kb jf ;f] ;/xsf] kb jf dof{bfqmdsf] lx;fan] ;f]
kb eGbf pRr kbdf sfo{ u/]sf] sfo{ cg'ej ;D´g' k5{ .
-3_ bkmf @! adf]lhd cof]Uo gePsf] .
@!= ;~rfnssf] cof]Uotf M b]xfosf s'g} klg JolQm ueg{/, 8]k'6L ueg{/ tyf ;~rfns kbdf
lgo'Qm x'g of]Uo x'g] 5}g M–
-s_ /fhg}lts bnsf] ;b:o jf kbflwsf/L, jf
-v_ jfl0fHo a}° jf ljQLo ;+:yf;+usf] s'g} sf/f]af/df sfnf] ;"rLdf k/]sf]
JolQm, jf
-u_ jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] axfnjfnf kbflwsf/L, jf

klxnf] ;+zf]wg4f/f ;+zf]wg .

10
 -3_ jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf kfFr k|ltzt jf ;f] eGbf a9L z]o/ jf
dtbfgsf] clwsf/ ePsf] JolQm, jf
-ª_ C0f ltg{ g;sL ;fx"sf] bfdf;fxLdf k/]sf] JolQm,
-r_ ax'nfPsf] JolQm, jf
-5_ g}lts ktg b]lvg] kmf}Hbf/L cleof]udf cbfntaf6 ;hfo kfPsf] JolQm .
@@= ;~rfns kbd'Qm x'g] cj:yf M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/, dlGqkl/ifb\n] pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd
kbd'Qm x'g] cj:yfdf k'u]sf ueg{/, 8]k'6L ueg{/ tyf ;~rfnsnfO{ kbd'Qm ug]{5 .
t/ g]kfn ;/sf/n] o;/L kbd'Qm ug'{ eGbf cl3 ;DalGwt JolQmnfO{ cfkmgf] ;kmfO{
k]z ug]{ plrt cj;/af6 alGrt ug]{ 5}g .
-@_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ueg{/nfO{ kbd'Qm ubf{ bkmf @# adf]lhd
u7g ePsf] hfFra'´ ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df ug]{5 .
-#_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;~rfns jf 8]k'6L ueg{/nfO{ kbd'Qm ubf{
;ldltaf6 5fglag u/fO{ ;ldltn] k]z u/]sf] l;kmfl/;sf] cfwf/df ug]{5 .
-$_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ueg{/, 8]k'6L ueg{/ / ;~rfnsnfO{
kbd'Qm ug]{ k|s[of z'? ugf{;fy lghx? cfkmgf]] kbaf6 :jtM lgnDag ePsf] dflgg]5g .
-%_ ueg{/, 8]k'6L ueg{/ tyf ;~rfns b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf kb d'Qm x'g]5g M–
-s_ bkmf @! adf]lhd ;~rfns x'g cof]Uo ePdf, jf
-v_ o; P]g adf]lhd a}°sf] p2]Zo xfl;n ug{sf] lgldQ a}°n] ug'{ kg]{ sfo{x?
sfof{Gjog ug{, u/fpg sfo{ Ifdtfsf] cefj ePdf, jf
-u_ d'n'ssf] a}l°· tyf ljQLo Joj:yfdf xfgL gf]S;fgL k'Ug] sfo{ u/]sf] b]lvPdf,
jf
-3_ a}°sf] sfd sf/afxLdf a]OdfgL jf ablgot u/]sf] b]lvPdf, jf
-ª_ v/fa cfr/0fsf] sf/0faf6 s'g} k]zf jf Joj;fo ug{af6 cof]Uo 7x¥ofO{
k|df0fkq vf]l;Psf] jf Joj;fo ug{ /f]s nufOPsf]df, jf
-r_ dgfl;a dflkmssf] sf/0f lagf nuftf/ tLg k6s eGbf a9L ;ldltsf]
a}7sdf cg'kl:yt ePdf .
-^_ pkbkmf -%_ df pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] cj:yf afx]s cGo sf/0faf6 ueg{/,
8]k'6L ueg{/ tyf ;~rfnsnfO{ x6fpg ;lsg] 5}g .

11
@#= hfFra'´ ;ldltsf] u7g tyf sfd, st{Jo M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] bkmf @@ sf] pkbkmf -@_
adf]lhd ueg{/nfO{ kbd'Qm ug'{ cl3 b]xfo adf]lhdsf] hfFra'´ ;ldlt u7g u/L ;f]
;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df ue{g/nfO{ kbd'Qm ug]{5 M–
-s_ ;jf]{Rr cbfntaf6 cjsfz k|fKt GofoflwzdWo]af6 g]kfn
;/sf/n] tf]s]sf] JolQm – cWoIf
-v_ cfly{s, df}lb|s, a}l°·, ljQLo, jfl0fHo tyf Joj:yfkg If]qsf
nAwk|ltli7t JolQmx? dWo]af6 g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]s]sf b'O{ hgf
JolQm – ;b:o
-@_ hfFra'´ ;ldltn] hfFra'´ u/L cfkmgf]] /fo 7x/ ;lxtsf] l;kmfl/; g]kfn
;/sf/ ;dIf k]z ug'{ eGbf cl3 ;DalGwt JolQm;+u aofg lng jf ;f]wk'5 ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ hfFra'´ ;ldltn] hfFra'´sf] l;nl;nfdf ckgfpg' kg]{ sfo{ljlw cfkm}n]
lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-$_ hfFra'´ ;ldltn] /fo 7x/ ;lxtsf] cfkmgf]] l;kmfl/; Ps dlxgfleq g]kfn
;/sf/ ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
@$= ;~rfnssf] /fhLgfdf M ueg{/, 8]k'6L ueg{/ jf ;~rfnsn] g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf lnlvt
/fhLgfdf lbO{ cfkmgf]] kbaf6 x6\g ;Sg]5 .
@%= ueg{/ lgo'lQmsf] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf M g]kfn ;/sf/n] axfnjfnf ueg{/sf] kb l/Qm x'g' eGbf
;fdfGotof Ps dlxgf cufj} ueg{/sf] kbdf o; P]g adf]lhd lgo'Qm u/L ;f] sf] ;"rgf
;fj{hlgs ?kdf k|sfzg tyf k|;f/0f ug]{5 .
@^= l/Qm kbsf] k'lt{ M g]kfn ;/sf/n] s'g} ueg{/, 8]k'6L ueg{/ tyf ;~rfnssf] kb sfo{sfn
k"/f gx'Fb} l/Qm x'g cfPdf o; P]g adf]lhdsf] k|s[of k"/f u/L ;f] kbdf afFsL cjlwsf] nflu
pko'Qm JolQmnfO{ lgo'Qm ug]{5 .
@&= sfod d'sfod M d[To' eO{, /flhgfdf lbO{, la/fdL k/L, labfdf a;L jf cGo s'g} sf/0f k/L
ueg{/n] a}°sf] sfd ug{ g;Sg] ePdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] a}°sf] jl/i7 8]k'6L ueg{/nfO{
ueg{/sf] sfdsfh ug]{ u/L sfodd'sfod d's// ug]{5 .
@*= ;ldltsf] a}7s M -!_ ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] cWoIftf ueg{/n] ug]{5 .
-@_ ;ldltsf] a}7s a}°sf] cfjZostf cg';f/ a:g ;Sg]5 .
t/ dlxgfsf] sDtLdf Psk6s ;ldltsf] a}7s a:g' kg]{5 .
-#_ ;ldltsf] a}7s ueg{/n] af]nfpg] 5 .

12
 t/ ;ldltsf tLghgf ;~rfnsn] ;ldltsf] a}7s af]nfpg lnlvt cg'/f]w u/]df
ueg{/n] ;ldltsf] a}7s af]nfpg' kg]{5 .
-$_ ;ldltn] ;ldltsf] a}7s af]nfpg], ;~rfng ug]{, dtbfg ug]{, dfOGo'6 /fVg]
tyf cGo sfo{ljlwsf ;DaGwdf Pp6f 5'§} ljlgod agfpg ;Sg]5 .
-%_ ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] cWoIftf ug]{ JolQm / slDtdf tLg hgf ;~rfnssf]
pkl:ylt ePdf ;ldltsf] a}7ssf] nflu u0fk"/s ;+Vof k'u]sf] dflgg] 5 .
t/ tLghgf ;~rfns dWo] Pshgf bkmf !$ sf] v08 -3_ adf]lhdsf] ;~rfns
x'g' clgjfo{ x'g]5 .
-^_ ax'dtsf] lg0f{o ;ldltsf] lg0f{o dflgg]5 . s'g} k|:tfjsf] kIf / ljkIfdf dt
a/fa/ ePdf cWoIftf ug]{ JolQmn] lg0f{fos dt lbg]5 .
@(= ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo tyf clwsf/ M ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo tyf clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd
x'g]5 M–
-s_ df}lb|s tyf ljb]zL ljlgdo gLlt lgdf{0f ug]{ .
-v_ a}° gf]6 tyf l;Ssfsf] b/, lrq, cfsf/, wft', gf]6 5kfO{ ug]{ a:t' jf cGo
kbfy{ ;DaGwdf cfjZos lg0f{o ug]{ / ;f] sf] lgisfzgsf ;DaGwdf
cfjZos gLltsf] th'{df ug]{ .
-u_ jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] lg/LIf0f tyf ;'k/Lj]If0f u/fpg] Joj:yf /
a}l°Ë tyf ljQLo Joj:yfsf ;DaGwdf cfjZos gLlt lgdf{0f ug]{ .
-3_ a}°sf] lgod tyf ljlgod :jLs[t ug]{ / a}°sf] ;~rfng / Joj:yfkgdf
nfu" x'g] gLlt lgdf{0f ug]{ .
-ª_ a}°sf sd{rf/Lx?sf] lgo'lQm, a9'jf, ;?jf, avf{:tL, kfl/>lds, lgj[Qe/0f,
pkbfg, ;+rosf]if, ljbf, cfr/0f tyf ;]jf ;DaGwL cGo zt{x? af/] gLlt
lgwf{/0f ug]{ .
-r_ a}°sf] nfuL aflif{s sfo{qmd / ah]6 tyf jflif{s n]vfk/LIf0fsf] lx;fa
:jLs[t ug]{ / ;f] sf] k|ltj]bg hfgsf/Lsf] nfuL g]kfn ;/sf/df k]z ug]{ .
-5_ a}°sf] sfd sf/afxL af/]sf] aflif{s k|lta]bg :jLs[t ug]{ .
-h_ jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ Ohfhtkq lbg] / /2 ug]{ ;DaGwdf gLlt
lgdf{0f ug]{ .
-´_ a}°n] g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ k|bfg ug]{ shf{sf] ;Ldf :jLs[t ug]{ .

13
 -`_ a}°n] jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ lbg] shf{ tyf k'gs{hf{sf] /sd,
;Ldf tyf zt{sf] lgwf{/0f ug]{ .
-6_ cGt/f{li6«o ;+3, ;+:yfdf a}°sf] ;b:otf ;DaGwdf lg0f{o ug]{ .
-7_ a}°sf] ljQLo >f]t kl/rfng / nufgL gLlt lgdf{0f ug]{ .
-8_ o; P]gdf ;+zf]wg ug'{ kg]{ cfjZostf b]lvPdf ;f] sf] sf/0f v'nfO{ g]kfn
;/sf/ ;dIf k|:tfj k]z ug]{ .
-9_ o; P]g cGtu{t ueg{/sf] clwsf/ If]q leq kg]{ afx]ssf c? ;a} ljifodf
lg0f{o ug]{ .
-0f_ ;ldltdf /x]sf clwsf/x? cjlw tf]sL jf gtf]sL ueg{/ jf ;ldltåf/f
ul7t pk;ldltnfO{ k|Tofof]hg ug]{ .
#)= ueg{/sf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M -!_ ueg{/sf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd
x'g]5 M–
-s_ ;ldltn] u/]sf lg0f{ox? sfof{Gjog ug]{ .
-v_ a}°sf] ;~rfng tyf Joj:yfkg ug]{ .
-u_ a}°n] ug'{ kg]{ sfo{x? Jojl:yt ug]{ .
-3_ cGt/f{li6«o ;+3, ;+:yfdf a}°sf] tkm{af6 k|ltlglwTj ug]{, u/fpg] .
-ª_ df}lb|s tyf ljb]zL ljlgdo ;DaGwL gLlt sfof{Gjog ug{], u/fpg] .
-r_ jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf /x]sf] lgIf]k tyf shf{sf] Aofhb/ ;DaGwdf
cfjZos gLlt lgwf{/0f ug]{ .
-5_ jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] shf{ jf lgIf]kdf lng] jf lbg] Aofhb/
;DaGwdf cfjZos gLlt lgwf{/0f ug]{ .
-h_ jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] sfod ug'{ kg]{ t/ntf ;DaGwL gLlt lgdf{0f
ug]{ .
-´_ jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] /fVg'kg]{ clgjfo{ df}Hbftsf] cfwf/, /sd,
t/Lsf, zt{, ;dofjlw tyf ;f] sf] k|of]usf af/] cfjZos Joj:yf ug]{ .
-`_ jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k'FhL sf]ifsf] kof{Kttf ;DaGwL zt{ lgwf{/0f
ug]{ .
-6_ ;'g tyf cGo ax'd"No wft'sf] v/Lb laqmL ubf{ ckgfpg' kg]{ k|s[of / zt{sf]
;DaGwdf lg0f{o ug]{ .
-7_ a}°n] k|bfg ug]{ ;]jfdf ;]jf z'Ns lgwf{/0f ug]{ .

14
 -8_ cfjZostf cg'?k a}°sf zfvf sfof{no tyf cGo sfof{no :yfkgf / aGb
ug]{ lg0f{o ug]{ .
-9_ a}°sf] Ph]G;L :yfkgf ug]{ / aGb ug]{ .
-0f_ a}°sf] ;"rgf k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; / ;~rfng ;DaGwdf cfjZos Joj:yf
ug]{ .
-t_ jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;'k/Lj]If0f ;DaGwdf cfjZos Joj:yf
ldnfpg] .
-y_ jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ k|bfg ul/Psf] Ohfhtkq /2 ug]{ ;DaGwdf
lg0f{o ug]{ .
-b_ ;~rfns ;ldltåf/f k|Tofof]lht clwsf/sf] cwLgdf /xL cGo ljifodf lg0f{o
ug]{ .
-@_ cGt/f{li6«o dfGotf cg'?k s]Gb|Lo a}°sf ueg{/n] k|of]u ug'{kg]{ clwsf/
ueg{/df cGtlg{lxt x'g]5 .
#!= clwsf/ k|Tofof]hg M ue{g/n] a}°sf] sfd ;'rf? ?kn] ;~rfng ug{ o; P]g adf]lhd k|fKt
u/]sf] clVtof/L 8]k'6L ueg{/ jf a}°sf cGo sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ ;'Dkg ;Sg]5 .
#@= lglxt JolQmut :jfy{sf] pkof]udf aGb]h M -!_ ueg{/, 8]k'6L ueg{/ jf ;~rfnssf] kbdf
lgo'Qm eO{;s]kl5 k|To]s 5 dlxgfdf ueg{/, 8]k'6L ueg{/ / ;~rfnsn] cfkmgf] jf cfkmgf]
kl/jf/sf ;b:osf] k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf s'g} Jofkfl/s :jfy{ 5 eg] ;f] ljifodf ;ldltnfO{
tf]lsP adf]lhd hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 .
-@_ ueg{/, 8]k'6L ueg{/ jf ;~rfnssf] lghL :jfy{ ePsf] s'g} k|:tfj pk/
;ldltdf 5nkmn x'g] /x]5 eg] ;f] 5nkmn z'? x'g'eGbf cufj} lghn] ;f] af/]df ;ldltnfO{
hfgsf/L lbg' kg]{5 . ;f] 5nkmndf To:tf] ;~rfnsn] efu lng kfpg] 5}g .

-#_ ===================
-$_ ue{g/ tyf 8]k'6L ue{g/n] kbdf lgo'Qm ePsf] / kbd'Qm ePsf] ldltn] Ps
dlxgf leq cfkmgf]] Psf3/ kl/jf/sf] ;DklQ ljj/0f ;fj{hlgs ug{' kg]{5 .
##= Joj:yfkg ;ldlt M -!_ a}°n] ug'{ kg]{ sfdx? ;'rf? ?kn] ;~rfng ug{ ;ldltsf]
dftxtdf /xg] u/L ueg{/sf] cWoIftfdf Pp6f Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] u7g x'g]5 .
Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cGo ;b:ox?df b'O{hgf 8]k'6L ueg{/ / ;b:o ;lrjsf] ?kdf sfo{
ug{ ueg{/n] tf]s]sf] a}°sf] Pshgf jl/i7 clws[t /xg]5 .

bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f lemlsPsf] .

15
 -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd u7g ePsf] Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/
tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ueg{/n] Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf]
a}7sdf efu lng a}°sf cGo s'g} klg clws[tnfO{ cfdGq0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-$_ ;ldltn] cfkmgf]] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{ l;nl;nfdf cfjlws ?kdf b]zsf] df]}lb|s
tyf cfly{s cj:yfsf] d"Nof°g ug'{ kg]{5 . o;sf nfuL Joj:yfkg ;ldltn] slDtdf
dlxgfsf] Ps k6s ;ldltdf a}°sf] k|zf;g / ;~rfngsf af/]df, df}lb|s tyf lgodg gLlt
;~rfngsf af/]df / b]zsf] a}l°· k|0ffnLsf] :j:ytf, d'b|f, k'FhL tyf ljb]zL ljlgdo
ahf/sf] cj:yf nufot To:tf gLltx?sf] sfof{Gjog tyf To;n] a}l°· k|0ffnLdf kfg{ ;Sg]
k|efj, kl/l:ylt / dxTjk'0f{ 36gfx?sf af/]df k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{5 .

#$= n]vf k/LIf0f ;ldlt M ;ldltn] cfkm"k|lt pQ/bfoL x'g]u/L b]xfo adf]lhd ;b:o /x]sf] Pp6f
n]vf k/LIf0f ;ldlt u7g ug]{5 M–
-s_ ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] Pshgf ;~rfns – ;+of]hs
-v_ ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] ;DalGwt ljifosf] lj1 Pshgf – ;b:o
-u_ a}Ísf] cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f ljefusf] k|d'v – ;b:o
#%= n]vf k/LIf0f ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ M -!_ n]vf k/LIf0f ;ldltsf] sfd, st{Jo /
clwsf/ b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5 M–
-s_ a}°sf] n]vf, ah]6 tyf n]vf k/LIf0f sfo{ljlw / lgoGq0f Joj:yfsf ;DaGwdf
cfkmgf]] k|ltj]bg tyf ;'´fj ;ldltdf k]z ug]{ .
-v_ a}°sf] cfjlws jf;nft tyf cGo sfuhftsf] n]vf k/LIf0f / To:tf sfuhft
7Ls;+u t}of/ eP gePsf] af/] olsg ug]{ .
-u_ a}°n] ckgfPsf] pko'Qm hf]lvd Joj:yf sfof{Gjogsf] ;'k/Lj]If0f ug]{ .
-3_ a}°df nfu' ePsf] k|rlnt sfg"g k'0f{ ?kdf kfngf ePsf] 5 egL ljZj:t x'g
a}°sf] k|zf;g / ;~rfngsf] lgoldt Joj:yfksLo tyf sfo{ ;Dkfbgsf]
n]vf k/LIf0f ug]{ .
-ª_ k|rlnt sfg"g tyf cGt/f{li6«o n]vf dfkb08 cg'?k a}°sf] n]vf k/LIf0f
sfo{sf] lgldQ ljlgod agfO{ :jLs[ltsf] nfuL ;ldlt ;dIf k]z ug]{ .
-@_ n]vf k/LIf0f ;ldltn] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhd k|ltj]bg tyf
;'´fj ;ldltdf k]z ubf{ ;f] sf] hfgsf/L ueg{/nfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .

bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

16
#^= a}°sf sd{rf/Lx?M -!_ ;ldltn] a}°sf] sfd ;'rf? ?kn] ;~rfng ug{sf] nflu cfjZos
sd{rf/L lgo'Qm ug]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgo'Qm sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jfsf] zt{, kfl/>lds tyf cGo
;'ljwf tf]lsP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
#&= k]zfut cfrf/ ;+lxtf / kbLo bfloTj M-!_ ueg{/ jf 8]k'6L ueg{/n] cfkmgf]] kbdf
/x'Gh]n;Dd a}°nfO{ cfkmgf]] k]zfut ;]jf k'0f{?kdf k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 . a}°n] dgf]gog
u/]sf]df afx]s lghx?n] cGo 7fpFdf kfl/>lds lnO{ jf glnO{ s'g} klg lsl;dsf] kb u|x0f
ug{ jf gf]s/L ug{ jf ;]jf k|bfg ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
t/ d'gfkmf gsdfpg] p2]Zon] u7g ePsf d]l8sn Pzf]l;o;g, OlGhlgo;{
Pzf]l;o;g, af/ Pzf]l;o;g, a}°;{ Pzf]l;ozg, rf6{8{ Psfp06]06; Pzf]l;o;g, h:tf
k]zfut tyf Joj;flos ;+3, ;+:yfdf s'g} kb u|x0f u/L k|bfg u/]sf] ;]jfsf] xsdf eg] o;
pkbkmfn] afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-@_ ueg{/, 8]k'6L ueg{/ jf ;~rfnsn] kbLo bfloTj lgjf{x ubf{ a}°sf] lxtnfO{
;jf]{k/L /fVg' kg]{5 .
-#_ cfkmgf]] st{Jo kfngsf] l;nl;nfdf s'g} lsl;dsf] cg'lrt k|efj kfg]{] lsl;dn]
ueg{/, 8]k'6L ueg{/ jf ;~rfnsn] :jo+ jf cfkmgf]] kfl/jfl/s, Jofkfl/s jf ljQLo ;DaGw
ePsf] s'g} JolQmsf] dfWodaf6 s'g} lsl;dsf] pkxf/ jf shf{ lng x'Fb}g .
#*= uf]kgLotf M -!_ ueg{/, 8]k'6L ueg{/ jf ;~rfns jf a}°sf sd{rf/L, ;Nnfxsf/,
n]vfk/LIfs, Ph]G6 jf k|ltlglwn] b]xfosf] sfd s'/f ug{ kfpg] 5}g M–
-s_ kbLo ?kdf sfd ubf{ k|fKt x'g cfPsf] s'g} k|sflzt jf ck|sflzt uf]Ko
hfgsf/L jf ;"rgf c?nfO{ lbg jf ;f] sf] e]b vf]Ng, jf
-v_ To:tf] hfgsf/L jf ;"rgf lghL nfesf] nflu k|of]u ug{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg a}°n] tf]lslbPsf] k|s[of cg'?k
cfk'mn] yfxf kfPsf] k|sflzt jf ck|sflzt ;"rgf b]xfosf] cj:yfdf k|sfzdf Nofpg
;Sg]5 M–
-s_ ;fj{hlgs ?kdf cfkmgf]] st{Jo kfngf ubf{, sfg"g sfof{Gjog ug]{ lgsfonfO{
;xof]u ubf{, cbfntsf] cfb]zn] jf ;Ifd clwsf/Lsf] cfb]zsf] sf/0faf6
To:tf] ;"rgf k|sfzdf NofPsf]df,
-v_ cfkmgf]] st{Jo kfngfsf] l;nl;nfdf a}°sf] afx\o n]vf k/LIfs, tyf
cGt/f{li6«o ljQLo ;+:yfsf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ To:tf] ;"rgf lbPsf]df, /

17
 -u_ sfg"gL sf/afxLsf] l;nl;nfdf a}°sf] lxtsf] nfuL To:tf] ;"rgf k|sfz
u/]df .
kl/R5]b $
cfly{s Joj:yf

#(= a}°sf] k'FhL M -!_ a}°sf] k'FhL kfFr c/a ?k}ofF x'g]5 .
-@_ a}°sf] k'FhL g]kfn ;/sf/af6 k|fKt x'g]5 / of] k'FhL x:tfGt/0f ug{ jf ;f] pk/
C0fef/ nufpg kfOg] 5}g .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] k'FhL g]kfn ;/sf/n] yk36 ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L k'FhL
yk36 ubf{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] a}°;+u k/fdz{{ lng]5 .

$)= v'b cfo Joosf] u0fgf M -!_ a}°n] k|To]s cfly{s jif{df cfˆgf]] cfo Joosf] ljj/0f tof/
ug]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cfo Joosf] ljj/0f tof/ ubf{ g]kfn n]vfdfg adf]lhd
ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg g]kfn n]vfdfgdf ;dfj]z
gePsf If]qx?sf] xsdf cGt/f{li6«o n]vf dfkb08nfO{ cfwf/sf] ?kdf lng' kg]{5 .
-$_ cfo Joosf] ljj/0f tof/ ubf{ a}ÍnfO{ k|fKt e};s]sf] cfo, a}Ën] Aoxf]/]sf] jf
Joxf]g{ afFsL /x]sf] Joo / v'b d"Nof°g cfo jf Joo ;dfof]hg u/L v/fa jf z+sf:kb C0f
/ ;DklQsf] x|f; s§L Joj:yf 36fO{ v'b cfo olsg ug'{ kg]{5 .

$!= v'b cfosf] afF8kmfF8 M -!_ s'g} cfly{s jif{df a}°n] v'b cfo cfh{g u/]df To:tf] cfosf]
afF8kmfF8 tyf k|of]u b]xfo adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ v'b cfoaf6 k'gd[{NofÍg gfkmf a/fa/sf] /sdnfO{ k'gd"{NofÍg hu]8f sf]ifdf
5'§ofO{ /fVg' kg]{5 .
-v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhd /sd 5'§ofPkl5 sfod x'g cfpg] ljt/0fof]Uo v'b cfosf]
kfFr k|ltzt /sd df}lb|s bfloTj sf]ifdf, bz k|ltztdf g36\g] u/L ;ldltn]
tf]s]sf] /sd ;fwf/0f hu]8f sf]ifdf, kfFr k|ltzt /sd ljQLo :yfloTj
sf]ifdf tyf ;ldltn] tf]s] adf]lhdsf] /sd v'b ;l~rt art sf]ifdf /fVg'
kg]{5 .


bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

18
 -u_ v08 -v_ adf]lhd /sd ljlgof]hg ul/;s]kl5 ;ldltn] afFsL artaf6 cGo
sf]ifdf cfjZostf cg';f/ /sd ljlgof]hg u?L afFsL /xg cfpg] /sd
g]kfn ;/sf/df bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ ;fwf/0f hu]8f sf]if / ;l~rt art sf]ifsf] /sd a}Ísf] k"FhL a[l4 ug{sf nflu
;d]t k|of]u ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ / -@_ adf]lhd sf]ifdf hfg] /sd afx]s cGo /sdsf ;DaGwdf
lgoddf Joj:yf eP adf]lhd x'g]5 .
$@= v'b Joosf] afF8kmfF8 M -!_ s'g} cfly{s jif{df a}°n] v'b cfosf] t'ngfdf Joo a9L ePsf]


cj:yfdf a9L ePsf] v'b Joo /sdnfO{ b]xfo adf]lhd afF8kmfF6 ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ v'b Joodf k'gd{"NofÍg cfo ;d]t ;dfj]z ePdf k'gd{"NofÍg cfonfO{
k'gd{"NofÍg hu]8f sf]ifdf /fVg' kg]{5 .
-v_ v'b Joodf k'gd"{NofÍg Joo ;d]t ;dfj]z ePsf] cj:yfdf k'gd"{NofÍg
JoonfO{ k'gd"{NofÍg hu]8f sf]ifdf vr{ n]Vg' kg]{5 . k'gd"{NofÍg hu]8f
sf]ifdf /x]sf] /sdeGbf k'gd"{NofÍg Joo a9L ePdf a9L ePsf] Joo
/sdnfO{ b]xfosf] sf]if tyf vftfdf k|fyldstf qmddf vr{ n]lvg]5 M–
-!_ ;l~rt art sf]ifdf hDdf /x]sf] /sd;Dd ;l~rt art sf]ifdf,
-@_ pkv08 -!_ cg';f/ ;l~rt art sf]ifdf ;dfof]hg kZrft\ Joo
/sd afFsL /x]df ;fwf/0f hu]8f sf]ifdf, /
-#_ pkv08 -!_ / -@_ adf]lhd ;l~rt art sf]if / ;fwf/0f hu]8f
sf]if ;dfof]hg kZrft\ Joo /sd afFsL /x]df k"FhL vftfdf .
-u_ v08 -s_ adf]lhd k'gd{"NofÍg cfo / v08 -v_ adf]lhdsf] k'gd{"NofÍg
Joj afx]ssf] ;~rfng tyf cGo JoonfO{ ;l~rt art sf]ifdf vr{ n]Vg'
kg]{5 .
-3_ ;l~rt art sf]ifdf hDdf /x]sf] /sd eGbf Joo /sd a9L ePdf a9L
Joo /sdnfO{ b]xfosf] sf]if tyf vftfdf k|fyldstf qmddf vr{ n]Vg'
kg]{5 M–
-!_ ;fwf/0f hu]8f sf]ifdf /x]sf /sd;Dd ;fwf/0f hu]8f sf]ifdf,
-@_ pkv08 -!_ adf]lhd ;fwf/0f hu]8f sf]ifdf ;dfof]hg kZrft\ Joo
/sd afFsL /x]df k"FhL vftfdf .

19
 -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd Joosf] afF8kmfF8 ubf{ ;dfof]hg x'g g;s]sf] Joo g]kfn
;/sf/n] Joxf]g]{5 .
$#= aflif{s ah]6 M k|To]s cfly{s jif{ z'? x'g' cufj} ;ldltn] cfufdL cfly{s jif{sf] nfuL
cg'dflgt cfDbfgL / vr{sf] ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd :jLs[t ug]{5 . o;/L :jLs[t ul/Psf]
ah]6nfO{ jf:tljs kl/l:ylt / cg'dfg ug{ ;lsg] s'/fsf cfwf/df k|To]s tLg dlxgfdf
;ldltn] d"Nof+°g / ;+zf]wg ug{ ;Sg]5 . o:tf] ah]6 g]kfn ;/sf/sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nfuL
k7fOg]5 .
kl/R5]b – %
df}lb|s sfo{ / v'nf ahf/ ;~rfng
$$= df}lb|s gLlt M a}°nfO{ g]kfn ============== sf] df}lb|s gLlt lgdf{0f ug]{, sfof{Gjog ug]{ /
u/fpg] k"0f{ clwsf/ x'g]5 .

$%= v'nf ahf/ sf/f]af/ ;~rfng M -!_ a}°n] ;Demf}tf u/L g]kfn ;/sf/sf] tkm{af6 hf/L u/]sf]
C0fkq jf a}Ín] hf/L u/]sf] jf tf]s]sf] C0fkq tTsfn vl/b jf laqmL ug]{ jf kl5 vl/b
jf laqmL ug]{ u/L v'nf ahf/ sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ug]{5 .
-@_ a}Ín] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] v'nf ahf/ sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ubf{ g]kfn
;/sf/sf C0fkqx? Jf a}Í cfkm}n] hf/L u/]sf C0fkqsf] ;'/If0fdf l/kr]{h Plu|d]06 jf
l/e;{ l/kr]{h Plu|d]06 u/L cTksfnLg t/ntf Joj:yfkgsf] sfo{ ;d]t ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ a}Ín] v'nf ahf/ sf/f]af/ ;~rfngsf nflu cGo pko'Qm pks/0f ;d]t hf/L
ug{ ;Sg]5 .
$^= jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] clgjfo{ df}Hbft M -!_ a}°n] jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo
;+:yfnfO{ pgLx?;+u hDdf ePsf] lgIf]k, ;fk6L sf]if jf a}°n] tf]s]sf] cGo bfloTjsf]
cg'kftdf a}°df clgjfo{ df}Hbft hDdf ug'{ kg]{ u/L lgb]{zg lbg]5 . a}°n] tf]s]sf] clgjfo{
df}Hbft a}°df hDdf ug'{ jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
-@_ jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] clgjfo{ df}Hbftsf] u0fgf ubf{ a}°n] cjlw
tf]sL b}lgs cf}ift df}Hbftsf] cfwf/df ug]{5 .
$&= clgjfo{ df}Hbft /fVg g;s]df M s'g} jfl0fHo a}° jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] a}°n] tf]lslbPsf]
clgjfo{ df}Hbft adf]lhdsf] /sd hDdf gu/]df ;f] gu/]sf] cjlw;Ddsf nflu a}°n]
;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ hl/afgf ug]{5 . o;/L hl/afgf ubf{
hl/afgfsf] /sd a}°n] tf]]s]sf] clwstd a}° b/sf] tLg u'0ff eGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .

 u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^^ åf/f lemlsPsf] .

20
$*= l8:sfp06 sf/f]af/ M -!_ a}°n] cfkm";+u vftf /x]sf jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] k]z
u/]sf b]xfosf ljlgd]o clwsf/kqdf l8:sfp06 sf/f]af/ ug{ ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ g]kfn ============== df ^ dlxgf leq e'QmfgL x'g] u/L jfl0fHo a}° ;lxt
slDtdf b'O{ kIfsf] x:tfIf/ ePsf] k|lt1fkq jf ljlgdokq .
-v_ a}°n] k|fKt u/]sf] ldltn] ^ dlxgf leq e'QmfgL x'g] g]kfn ;/sf/ jf a}°n]
lgisfzg u/]sf] g]kfn =========== leq e'QmfgL x'g] C0fkq .
-@_ l8:sfp06 sf/f]af/ ubf{ nfu" x'g] l8:sfp06 b/, zt{ / k|s[of a}°n] tf]s]
adf]lhd x'g]5 .
$(= jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ shf{ tyf k'gs{hf{ M -!_ a}°n] cfkm"n] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] zt{

tyf k|s[ofsf] cwLgdf /xL jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ a9Ldf Ps jif{sf] nflu
b]xfosf] hfoh]yfsf] ;'/If0fdf shf{ tyf k'gs{hf{ k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ bkmf ^^ sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -ª_ df pNn]v eP adf]lhdsf] cGt/f{li6«o
ljlgd]o clwsf/ kq,
-v_ g]kfn =========== leq e'QmfgL x'g] u/L g]kfn ;/sf/af6 hf/L ePsf]
C0fkq,
-u_ a}°df hDdf /x]sf] lgIf]k jf o; P]g cGtu{t a}°n] sf/f]af/ ug{ ;Sg] ;'g
tyf ax'd"No wft',
-#_ bkmf $* sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf ljlgdokq jf k|lt1fkq, /
-ª_ tf]lsPadf]lhdsf cGo ;'/If0fkqx? .
-@_ ========= pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg g]kfn ;/sf/n]
;j{;fwf/0fsf] lxt / sNof0fsf nflu shf{ k|jfx ug{ pko'Qm b]vL a}°nfO{ cg'/f]w u/]sf]
v08df / To:tf] shf{sf] g]kfn ;/sf/n] k|rlnt ahf/ b/sf] ;'/If0f kqsf] Uof/]G6L lbPdf
jf clGtd C0fbftfsf] ?kdf sfo{ ug'{ kbf{ a}°n] c;fwf/0f cj:yfdf a9Ldf Ps jif{
;Ddsf nflu jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljlQo ;+:yfnfO{ s'g} klg lsl;dsf] shf{ k|jfx ug{ ;Sg]5 .
%)= l8:sfp06 b/ / k'gs{hf{sf] Aofhb/ M a}°sf] l8:sfp06 b/ / k'gs{hf{sf] Aofhb/ a}°n]
;do ;dodf lgwf{/0f ug]{5 . o;/L lgwf{/0f u/]sf] l8:sfp06 b/ / k'gs{hf{sf] Aofhb/sf]
;"rgf a}°n] ;DalGwt ;a}sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu k|sfzg / k|zf/0f ug]{5 .

 u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^^ åf/f lemlsPsf] .

bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

klxnf] ;+zf]wg4f/f lemlsPsf] .

21
 kl/R5]b – ^
df}lb|s PsfO{, a}° gf]6 / l;Ssf
%!= df}lb|s PsfO{ M -!_ g]kfn ============= sf] df}lb|s PsfO{ ?k}ofF x'g]5 / o:tf] ?k}ofF Ps;o
k};fdf laeflht x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ?k}ofF g]kfn ========= leq sfg"gL u|fx\o -lnun
6]08/_ x'g]5 / o:tf] ?k}ofFsf] hdfgt g]kfn ;/sf/af6 k|fKt x'g]5 .
%@= a}° gf]6 / l;Ssf lgisfzg ug]{ clwsf/ M -!_ a}°nfO{ g]kfn ========= leq a}° gf]6 tyf
l;Ssf lgisfzg ug]{ Psflwsf/ x'g]5 . o:tf gf]6 tyf l;Ssf g]kfn ========= df sfg"gL
u|fx\o x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd a}°n] gf]6 lgisfzg ubf{ ;'/If0f /fv]/ dfq lgisfzg
ug]{5 / o:tf] lgisflzt gf]6sf] bfloTj ;'/If0f afkt /flvPsf] ;DklQsf] d"No a/fa/ x'g]5
. ;'/If0f afkt /flvg] ;DklQsf] sd;]sd krf; k|ltzt ;'g, rf+bL, ljb]zL d'b|f, ljb]zL
lwtf]kq / ljb]zL ljlgd]o clwsf/kq dWo] Ps jf Ps eGbf a9Ldf / c? afFsL k|ltzt
l;Ssf -df]x/, 8an / ;f]eGbf a9L b/sf]_, g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgisfzg u/]sf] C0fkq /
a}°af6 k'gM e'QmfgL lbPsf] a9Ldf c7f/ dlxgfleq g]kfndf g} e'QmfgL x'g] k|lt1fkq jf
ljlgdokq dWo] Ps jf Ps eGbf al9df /flvg]5 .
t/ g]kfn ;/sf/n] :jLs[lt lbPdf ;'/If0f afkt /flvg] ;DklQsf] sd;]sd rfnL;
k|ltzt ;'g, rf+bL, ljb]zL d'b|f, ljb]zL lwtf]kq / ljb]zL ljlgd]o clwsf/kq dWo] Ps jf
Ps eGbf al9df / c? afFsL k|ltzt g]kfnL l;Ssf -df]x/, 8an, / ;f]eGbf a9L b/sf]_,
g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgisfzg u/]sf] C0fkq / a}°af6 k'gM e'QmfgL lbPsf] al9df c7f/
dlxgfleq g]kfndf g} e'QmfgL x'g] k|lt1fkq jf ljlgdokq dWo] Ps jf Ps eGbf al9df
klg /fVg ;lsg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ;DklQsf] d"Nof°g b]xfo adf]lhd ul/g]5 M–
-s_ ;'gsf] d"No ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/zdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgwf{l/t ul/lbP adf]lhdsf]
b/df .
-v_ rf+bLsf] d"No ;ldltn] dgfl;j 7x¥ofPsf] b/df .
-u_ ljb]zL d'b|f a}°åf/f lgwf{l/t ljlgdo b/df .

 u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^^ åf/f lemlsPsf] .

22
 -3_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgisfzg u/]sf] C0fkq, ljb]zL lwtf]kq / ljlgd]o clwsf/kq
ahf/ b/ x]/L ;ldltn] dgfl;j 7x/fPsf] b/df .
-ª_ l;Ssf c+lst b/ -km]; e]No'_ df .
-$_ a}°n] cfjZostf cg';f/ laleGg b/sf a}° gf]6 lgisfzg ug]{5 . o;/L a}°
gf]6 lgisfzg ubf{ gf]6df b]lvg] lrq, cfsf/ / b/ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jLs[ltdf / gf]6df
gb]lvg] lrq, cfGtl/s ;'/Iffsf] Joj:yf, a}° gf]6 5kfO{ ug]{ j:t' tyf cGo kbfy{ ;ldltn]
lg0f{o u/] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-%_ ;ldltsf] /fo lnO{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] g]kfn /fhkqdf ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L h'g;'s}
b/sf] a}° gf]6 s'g} tf]lsPsf] 7fpF jf c8\8fdf afx]s cGoq grNg] u/fpg ;Sg]5 .
-^_ RofltPsf], d]l6Psf] cyjf ´'lqPsf] gf]6 a}°n] k'gM lgisfzg ug]{ 5}g .
-&_ a}°n] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jLs[lt lnO{ h'g;'s} d"No, gfk, tf}n, z'4tf, l8hfOg /
wft'sf] jf ld>0f ePsf] wft'sf] l;Ssf rng rNtLsf] lgldQ jf ljz]if cj;/df 6S;f/df
6Sd/L u/fO{ rng rNtLdf Nofpg ;Sg]5 . a}°n] cfjZos b]v]df o:tf] l;Ssf s'g} ljb]zL
6S;f/df ;d]t 6sd/L u/fpg ;Sg]5 .
t/ Psk6s :jLs[lt lnO{ 6sd/L u/fO{ ;s]sf] l;SsfnfO{ k'gM 6sd/L u/fpg k/]df
g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{ 5}g .
-*_ a}°n] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jLs[lt lnO{ s'g} ljb]zL ;/sf/n] 6sd/L u/fpg
k7fPsf] l;Ssf 6sd/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-(_ a}° :yfkgf x'g' eGbf cufl8 g]kfn ;/sf/af6 lgisfzg ePsf gf]6 / a}°af6
lgisfzg ePsf a}° gf]6sf] lt/f]e/f] ug]{ hjfkmb]xL a}°sf] x'g]5 .
-!)_ a}°gf]]6 lgisfzg afkt ;'/If0fdf /x]sf] ;DklQaf6 pkbkmf -(_ adf]lhdsf]
bfloTj afx]s c? bfloTj k"/f ul/g] 5}g .
%#= a}° gf]6 tyf l;Ssf ;j{:jLsfo{ x'g] M a}°åf/f sfg"gL u|fx\o agfO{ lgisfzg ul/Psf a}°gf]6
tyf l;Ssf g]kfn ============= leq ;a} lsl;dsf] ;fj{hlgs tyf JolQmut C0f r'Qmf ug{
To:tf] gf]6 jf l;Ssfdf c+lst /sd ;Ddsf] lgldQ ;a{:jLsfo{ x'g]5 .
%$= l;Ssfsf] gfk, tf}n / cfsf/ M o; P]g adf]lhd a}°n] lgisfzg ug]{ l;Ssfdf c+lst x'g]
d"No, ltgsf] gfk, tf}n, cfsf/ / cGo ljz]iftf ;ldltn] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .

 u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^^ åf/f lemlsPsf] .

23
%%= d'b|f lgisfzg / ;'/Iff M a}° gf]6 5fKg] / 6sdfg]{ Joj:yf ug]{, hf/L gul/Psf] a}° gf]6 /
l;SsfnfO{ ;d'lrt ?kdf /fvL ;'/Iff k|bfg ug]{ / rngrNtLdf g/x]sf] k"/fgf] a}° gf]6 jf
l;Ssf, Kn]6 / 8fO{nfO{ ;'/lIft /fVg] jf gi6 ug]{ ;DaGwL Joj:yf tf]lsPadf]lhd x'g]5 .
%^= d'b|fsf] ;6xL Joj:yf M a}°n] s'g} z'Ns jf b:t'/ glnO{ g]kfn ============= leq sfg"gL
u|fx\o x'g] a}° gf]6 jf l;SsfnfO{ ;dfg d'Nosf] Ps} jf laleGg b/sf] a}° gf]6 jf l;Ssf;+u
;6xL u/L lbg]5 .
%&= ´'qf] jf vf]6f] d'b|f M -!_ a}°n] ´'qf] d'b|fnfO{ lvRg], gi6 ug]{ jf cGo a}° gf]6 jf l;Ssf;+u
;6xL ul/lbg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg a}°n] l8hfOg d]l6Psf],
RofltPsf], las[t jf krf; k|ltzt eGbf a9L efu gePsf] a}° gf]6 jf l;Ssf ;6xL ug{
OGsf/ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ a}°n] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] a}° gf]6 jf l;Ssfsf] wgLnfO{ tf]lsPadf]lhd
Ifltk'lt{ lbO{ jf glbO{ To:tf a}° gf]6 jf l;Ssf lvRg jf gi6 ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-$_ x/fPsf] jf rf]l/Psf] a}° gf]6 jf l;Ssfsf] wgLnfO{ a}°af6 ;§fegf{ kfpg] xs
x'g] 5}g . a}°n] s'g} d'cfAhf glbO{ aflx/L :j?k kl/jt{g ul/Psf] jf vf]6f] l;Ssf jf
gSsnL gf]6 hkmt ug{;Sg]5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ævf]6f] l;SsfÆ eGgfn] a}°n] lgisfzg
u/]sf] l;Ssfsf] gSsn u/L 6s df/]sf], 9fnL jf vf]bL agfPsf] gSsnL l;Ssf jf a}°af6
lgisfzg u/]sf] l;SsfnfO{ b'O{ jf b'O{ eGbf a9L 6'qmf x'g] u/L sf6]sf], km'6fPsf] jf l;Ssfdf
plNnlvt c+s, cIf/ tyf lrGx d]l6Psf] l;Ssf ;D´g' k5{ .
%*= d'b|fsf] :6s / lgisfzg ;DaGwL Joj:yf M d'b|fsf] :6s / lgisfzg ;DaGwL Joj:yf tyf
d'b|fsf] dfu k"/f ug{ lgoldt ?kdf a}° gf]6 tyf l;Ssfsf] cfk'lt{ ug]{ sfo{ a}°n] ug]{5 .

%(= hf/L ePsf] d'b|fsf] lx;fa /fVg] M a}°n] rng rNtLdf /x]sf] s'n a}° gf]6 ============ nfO{
cfkmgf]] lx;fadf df}lb|s bfloTjsf] ?kdf 5'§} b]vfpg' kg]{5 . :6sdf /x]sf] cyjf
rngrNtLdf cfO{ g;s]sf] a}° gf]6 tyf l;Ssf o:tf] bfloTj cGtu{t kg]{ 5}g .
^)= hf/L ul/Psf] d'b|f lvRg] jf lkmtf{ lng] M -!_ a}°n] g]kfn ======= leq rngrNtLdf /x]sf
a}° gf]6 tyf l;Ssf ;f]wegf{ lbg] u/L lvRg jf lkmtf{ lng ;Sg]5 . To;/L lvRg] jf lkmtf{

 u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^^ åf/f lemlsPsf] .

bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f lemlsPsf] .

24
 lng] a}° gf]6 tyf l;Ssf slt lbgleq a}°sf] s'g sfof{nodf ;§fegf{sf nflu k]z ug]{
eGg] Joxf]/f :ki6 ?kdf ls6fg u/L a}°n] ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg / k|;f/0f ug]{5 .
-@_ bkmf %# df h'g;'s} s'/f pNn]v ul/Psf] eP tfklg pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd
tf]lsPsf] ;do ;dfKt ePkl5 ;§fegf{ ug'{ kg]{ a}° gf]6 tyf l;Ssf sfg"gL u|fx\o x'g]
5}g .
-#_ a}°n] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd rngrNtLaf6 lvr]sf a}° gf]6 tyf l;Ssf tyf
q'6Lo'Qm d'b|f tf]lsP adf]lhd w'Nofpg, sf6\g, km'6fpg jf cGo s'g} klg lsl;dn] gi6 ug{
;Sg]5 .
^!= k|ltlnlk / hfnL d'b|fM -!_ s;}n] klg b]xfo adf]lhdsf] s'g} sfd s'/f ug{, u/fpg x'Fb}g M–
-s_ g]kfn ============== leq rngrNtLdf /x]sf sfg"gL u|fx\o a}° gf]6 tyf
l;Ssf jf r]s jf e'QmfgL sf8{sf] hfn;fhL jf lst]{ u/L jf ?k km]/L jf cGo
s'g} k|sf/n] gSsnL d'b|f agfpg jf ;f] sf] k|ltlnlk agfpg jf ;f] ;DaGwL
s'g} sfo{ ug{ jf To:tf] s'g} sfo{df ;3fp k'¥ofpg, jf
-v_ a}° gf]6 jf l;Ssf, r]s jf e'QmfgL sf8{, gSsnL, ´'qf, lst]{ jf hfn;fhL
u/L jf ?k km]/]/ agfPsf] xf] eGg] yfxf kfO{ kfO{ klg To:tf a}° gf]6 jf
l;Ssf jf r]s jf e'QmfgL sf8{ s;}n] cfkm";+u /fVg, cf];f/ k;f/ ug{ jf
hf/L ug{ jf To:tf] s'g} sfo{df ;3fp k'¥ofpg, jf
-u_ a}° gf]6 jf l;Ssf, r]s jf e'QmfgL sf8{, gSsnL, ´'6\7f, lst]{ jf hfn;fhL
jf ?k km]/]/ agfpgsf nflu k|of]u x'Fb}5 eGg] hfgL hfgL s'g} wft'sf] kftf,
9+'uf, sfuh, 8fO{ jf cGo s'g} a:t' jf kbfy{ s;}n] cfkmgf]] ;fydf /fVg,
pTkfbg ug{ jf cf];f/ k;f/ ug{ jf To:tf] s'g} sfo{df ;3fp k'¥ofpg .
-@_ g]kfnL ?k}ofFdf c+lst d"Nosf] a}° gf]6, l;Ssf, r]s jf e'QmfgL sf8{sf] k|ltlnlk
ptf/ ubf{ / s'g} j:t'sf] >[hgf ubf{ To:tf] j:t'sf] agfj6 s'g} lsl;daf6 a}° gf]6, l;Ssf,
r]s jf e'QmfgL sf8{l;t ldNg hfg] ePdf ;f] ug'{ eGbf klxn] a}°sf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lng'
kg]{5 .
-#_ a}°n] hfnL gf]6 jf vf]6f] l;Ssf jf gSsnL r]s jf e'QmfgL sf8{sf] lgisfzg
/f]Sg] ;DaGwdf cfjZos sbd rfNg ;Sg]5 . o:tf] sbd rfNbf a}°n] cfjZos cfb]z,
lgb]{zg jf ;"rgf hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .

 u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^^ åf/f lemlsPsf] .

25
 kl/R5]b – &
ljb]zL ljlgdo gLlt, lgodg / ;+lrlt
^@= ljb]zL ljlgd]o gLlt M a}°nfO{ g]kfn ============== sf] ljb]zL ljlgd]o gLlt lgdf{0f ug{,
sfof{Gjog ug]{ / u/fpg] k"0f{ clwsf/ x'g]5 .
^#= ljb]zL ljlgdo Joj:yfkg M ljb]zL ljlgdosf] Joj:yfkg a}°n] ug]{5 . o:tf] Joj:yfkg
ug{ a}°nfO{ b]xfo adf]lhdsf] clwsf/ x'g]5 M–
-s_ ljb]zL ljlgdo sf/f]af/ ug{ rfxg] JolQmnfO{ o; P]g jf cGo k|rlnt
sfg"gsf] cwLgdf /xL Ohfhtkq hf/L ug]{ .
-v_ Ohfhtkq k|fKt JolQmaf6 ul/g] ljb]zL ljlgdo sf/f]af/ lgoldt tyf
Jojl:yt ug{sf nflu lgod tyf ljlgod agfpg], cfjZos cfb]z, lgb]{zg
jf ;"rgf hf/L ug]{ .
-u_ Ohfhtkq k|fKt JolQmsf] lg/LIf0f, ;'kl/j]If0f tyf cg'udg ug]{ .
-3_ O{hfhtkq k|fKt JolQmsf] sf/f]af/sf] cfwf/, ;Ldf tyf zt{ lgwf{/0f ug]{ .
-ª_ g]kfnL ?k}ofFsf] ljb]zL ljlgdo b/ lgwf{/0f k4tL tf]Sg] .
^$= ljb]zL ljlgdo sf/f]af/sf] laa/0f M -!_ a}°n] O{hfhtkq k|fKt JolQmnfO{ ljb]zL d'b|f ;6xL
tyf ;f] ;DaGwL ;~rfngsf] la:t[t ljj/0f a}°df k]z ug{ nufpg] 5 . To:tf] laa/0f k]z
ug'{ kg]{ cjlw, 9fFrf / tT;DaGwL cGo sfuhft a}°n] ;do ;dodf tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ljj/0f / a}°n] tf]s]sf] sfuhft a}° ;dIf k]z ug'{
;DalGwt O{hfhtkq k|fKt JolQmsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
^%= ljb]zL ljlgdosf] sf/f]af/ M -!_ a}°n] ljb]zL ljlgdo, ;'g tyf ax'd"No wft' vl/b jf laqmL
ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ a+}sn] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ug]{ v/Lb laqmL :k6, clu|d ljlgdo b/, :jfk,
cK;g jf o:t} k|sf/sf cGo pks/0f, gub jf s'g} klg ljlgd]o clwsf/kqsf] dfWodaf6
ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ a}°n] bkmf ^^ sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf] nflu ljb]zL ljlgdo vl/b jf
laqmL ug{ ;Sg]5 . To:tf] vl/b, laqmL :k6, clu|d ljlgdob/, :jfk, cK;g jf o:t} cGo
pks/0fsf] cfwf/df ;d]t ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-$_ a}°n] ljb]zL d'b|fx?sf] vl/b laqmL b/ sfod u/L sf/f]af/ ug]{5 . o;/L
sf/f]af/ ubf{ ul/g] sf/f]af/sf] cfwf/, ;Ldf tyf zt{ a}°n] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .

 u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^^ åf/f lemlsPsf] .

26
^^= ljb]zL ljlgdo ;+lrlt M -!_ a}°n] ljb]zL ljlgdo ;+lrltsf] kl/rfng ug]{5 . o:tf] ;+lrlt
;DalGwt ljb]zL ljlgdodf c+lst x'g]5 / o:tf] ;+lrltdf b]xfosf] ;DklQ ;dfj]z x'g]5 M–
-s_ a}°n] lhDdf lnPsf] jf a}°sf] vftfdf /x]sf] ;'g tyf ax'd"No wft' .
-v_ a}°n] lhDdf lnPsf] jf a}°sf] vftfdf hDdf /x]sf] ljb]zL d'b|f .
-u_ a}°sf] gfddf ljb]zL s]Gb|Lo a}° jf cGo ljb]zL a}° vftfdf /x]sf] ljb]zL
d'b|f .
-3_ a}°sf] gfddf cGt/f{li6«o d'b|f sf]ifdf hDdf /x]sf] :k]zn 8«O· /fO{6\; -
P;=l8=cf/_ .
-ª_ a}°sf] lhDdfdf /x]sf] ljb]zL ljlgdodf e'QmfgL x'g] u/L s'g} C0fL jf
bfloTjstf{n] hf/L u/]sf] ljlgdokq, k|lt1fkq, art C0f kq, a08 tyf
cGo C0f ;'/If0f .
-r_ tTsfn jf k'gv{l/b ug]{ u/L ljb]zL a}° jf cGt/f{li6«o ljQLo ;+:yf;+u jf tL
;+:yf hdfgL a;]sf] / elaiodf vl/b ug]{ u/L a}° tyf csf]{ kIf aLr ljb]zL
ljlgdodf e'QmfgL x'g] u/L ePsf] ;D´f}tf .
-@_ a}+°n] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;DklQsf] rog ubf{ a}°sf] k'FhL / t/ntfsf]
;'/IffnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL clwstd cfDbfgL x'g] lsl;dn] ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ a}°n] df}lb|s tyf ljb]zL ljlgdo gLlt sfof{Gjog ubf{ cGt/f{li6«o sf/f]af/df
lz3| e'QmfgLsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ oyf]lrt cGt/f{li6«o ;+lrlt sfod ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ cGt/f{li6«o ;+lrltsf] dfqf 36]sf] jf 36\g] cj:yfdf k'u]sf] sf/0faf6 df}lb|s
tyf ljb]zL ljlgdo gLlt sfof{Gjog ubf{ cGt/f{li6«o sf/f]af/df zL3| e'QmfgLsf] k|s[ofdf
k|lts'n c;/ kg{ hfg] cfz+sf a}°nfO{ nfu]df a}°n] cGt/f{li6«o ;+lrltsf] jt{dfg l:ylt, ;f]
36]sf] / 36\g'sf] sf/0fsf ;fy} ;f] sf] /f]syfd ug{ ckgfpg' kg]{ pkfo ;d]t v'nfO{ g]kfn
;/sf/ ;dIf k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -$_ adf]lhdsf] l:yltdf ;"wf/ gcfP;Ddsf] nflu a}°n] cfjZostf
cg';f/ yk ;"´fj ;lxtsf] k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf k]z ug{]5 .
-^_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ljb]zL ljlgdo ;+lrltnfO{ a+}sn] cfkmgf]] jf;nftdf
b]vfpg]5 .
^&= ;'g tyf ljb]zL d'b|fdf C0fkq hf/L ug]{ M -!_ a}°n] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jLs[lt lnO{ s'g}
lglZrt k|of]hgsf nflu ;'g tyf ljb]zL d'b|fdf c+lst s'g} Ps jf Ps eGbf a9L k|sf/sf]
C0fkq hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 .

27
 -@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd hf/L ul/g] C0fkqsf] lsl;d, cjlw, ;f+jf, Aofhsf]
e'QmfgL tyf cGo s'/fx? a}°n] tf]s] adf]lhd x'g]5 .
^*= cGt/f{li6«o lSnol/Ë / e'QmfgL ;D´f}tf M a}°n] cfkmgf]] vftf jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lgb]{zg
adf]lhd ;/sf/L vftfsf] nflu ljb]z l:yt ;fj{hlgs jf lghL s]Gb|Lo lSnol/· ;+:yf;+u
lSnol/· tyf e'QmfgL ;D´f}tf ug{ ;Sg]5 . a}°n] o:tf] ;D´f}tfsf] p2]Zo sfof{Gjog
ug{sf] nflu cfjZos cGo ;D´f}tf ;d]t ug{ ;Sg]5 .
kl/R5]b–*
g]kfn ;/sf/;+usf] ;DaGw
^(= a}°/, ;Nnfxsf/ / ljQLo Ph]G6M -!_ a}° g]kfn ;/sf/sf] a}°/, cfly{s ljifosf] ;Nnfxsf/
tyf g]kfn ============== sf] ljQLo Ph]G6 x'g]5 .
-@_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] a}°sf] If]qflwsf/;+u ;DalGwt ljifodf a}°;+u k/fdz{ lng]5 .
o;/L g]kfn ;/sf/af6 dfu ePsf ljifodf k/fdz{ lbg' a}°sf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
-#_ k|To]s jif{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] jflif{s ah]6 tof/ ubf{ cfGtl/s C0f nufot
clwljsif{sf] ;DaGwdf a}°;+u k/fdz{ lng]5 .
-$_ a}°n] k|To]s jif{ cfly{s tyf ljQLo ljifodf g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf k"j{
ah]6sflng ;ldIff k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{5 .
&)= afx\o C0f ;DaGwL k/fdz{ tyf hfgsf/L M -!_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] jfx\o If]qaf6 C0f ln+bf
a}°;+u k/fdz{ lng ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] k/fdz{df C0f /sdsf] /fzL, ;f] sf] k|flKt tyf C0f
;fk6Lsf zt{ jf cj:yf tyf C0fsf] e'QmfgL h:tf ljifo kg]{5g\ .
-#_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] jfx\o C0f lnPsf] hfgsf/L a}°nfO{ lbg]5 .
-$_ g]kfn ;/sf/n] ljb]zL ljlgdodf bfloTj >[hgf x'g] u/L lghL jf ;fj{hlgs
;+:yfnfO{ afx\o C0f lng :jLs[lt lb+bf a}°;+u k/fdz{ lng]5 .
-%_ g]kfn ;/sf/, ;fj{hlgs ;+:yf jf lghL If]qn] ljb]zL ljlgdodf bfloTj
;[hgf x'g] u/L eP u/]sf ;D´f}tfsf] hfgsf/L a}°nfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .
&!= lgIf]k ;+sng M -!_ a}°n] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] jf g]kfn ;/sf/n] tf]lslbPsf] cGo lgsfosf]
lgIf]k :jLsf/ ug{]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgIf]k :jLsf/ ubf{ a}°n] /sd lhDdf lng], e'QmfgL lbg],
vftf ;~rfng ug]{ tyf cGo a}l°· ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ h:tf sfo{ ug]{5 .

 u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^^ åf/f lemlsPsf] .

28
 -#_ a}°n] tf]s]sf] zt{ kfngf ug]{ u/L cfjZostf cg';f/ jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo
;+:yfnfO{ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhdsf] sf/f]af/ ug{ kfpg] u/L clwsf/ k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
&@= ljQLo Ph]G6sf] sfo{ M a}°n] g]kfn ;/sf/;+u ePsf] ;D´f}tfsf cfwf/df lgwf{l/t zt{ jf
;Ldfsf] cwLgdf /xL b]xfosf ljifodf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ljQLo Ph]G6sf] ?kdf sfo{ ug{]5 M–
-s_ g]kfn ;/sf/åf/f hf/L ul/Psf C0fkqsf] vl/b laqmL ug]{, ahf/ Joj:yf
ug]{, x:tfGt/0f ug]{ / ;f] sf] clen]v /fVg] h:tf sf/f]af/ .
-v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhdsf] C0fkqsf] ;f+jf, Aofh / cGo b:t'/sf] e'QmfgL .
-u_ Ph]G6sf] ?kdf ug'{ kg]{ cfjZos cGo sfo{ .
&#= a}°n] ljj/0f, tYof+° tyf sfuhft dfu ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ a}°n] cfkmgf]] sfdsf/afxL
;~rfng ug{ cfjZos kg]{ ljj/0f, tYof° tyf sfuhft ;DalGwt lgsfoaf6 dfu ug{
;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd a}°n] dfu]sf] ljj/0f, tYof° tyf sfuhft pknAw u/fpg'
;DalGwt lgsfosf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
&$= sfg"g ;'wf/sf ;DaGwdf a}°;+u k/fdz{ lng ;Sg] M -!_ a}°sf] p2]Zo jf o;sf] clwsf/
If]q leqsf df}lb|s gLlt tyf ;~rfng, shf{, zf]wgfGt/, ljb]zL ljlgdo / a}l°· h:tf
ljifo;+u ;/f]sf/ /fVg] sfg"gsf] ;+zf]wg jf lgdf{0f jf ;f] ;DaGwL sfo{ ug'{ cufl8
;DalGwt lgsfon] a}°;+u k/fdz{ lng ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd dfu ePsf] k/fdz{ lbg' a}°sf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
-#_ a}°sf] p2]Zo jf o;sf] clwsf/ If]q jf bIftf leqsf df}lb|s gLlt tyf
;~rfng, shf{, zf]wgfGt/, ljb]zL ljlgdo / a}l°· h:tf ljifodf gofF sfg"gsf] lgdf{0f jf
e}/x]sf] sfg"gdf ;+zf]wg ug]{ k|:tfj g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf k]z ug]{ clwsf/ a}°nfO{ x'g]5 .
&%= g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ hfg] shf{ / ;/sf/L C0fkqsf] vl/b M -!_ o; P]gdf cGoyf Joj:yf
ul/Psf]df afx]s a}°n] g]kfn ;/sf/ jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k"0f{, clwsf+z jf cf+lzs :jfldTj
ePsf] ;+:yfnfO{ s'g} k|sf/sf] ljQLo ;xof]u k|bfg ug]{ 5}g .
-@_ o; bkmfsf] cwLgdf /xL a}°n] Ps ;o c;L lbgleq r'Qmf x'g] u/L g]kfn
;/sf/nfO{ shf{ k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePtfklg g]kfnn] s'g} cGt/f{li6«o ;+:yfsf]
;b:o x'Fbf ltg'{ kg]{ b:t'/ jf ;f];+u ;DalGwt e'QmfgLsf] nflu nfdf] cjlwsf] ljz]if shf{
a}°n] g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 .

29
 -$_ a}°n] g]kfn ;/sf/ jf g]kfn ;/sf/sf] k'0f{, clwsf+z jf cf+lzs :jfldTj
ePsf] ;+:yfnfO{ k|bfg ug]{ shf{ g]kfnL ?k}ofFdf dfq e'QmfgL ug]{5 . o;/L k|bfg ul/Psf]
shf{sf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;f] shf{ /sd a/fa/sf] ljlgd]o C0fkq hf/L u/L a}°nfO{
k|bfg ug]{5 . To:tf] C0fkqsf] e'QmfgL cjlw shf{ cjlwnfO{ vfDg] / k|rlnt Aofhb/sf]
x'g' kg]{5 . o;/L a}°n] g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ k|bfg ug]{ ;a} shf{sf ;DaGwdf a}° / g]kfn
;/sf/sf aLr lnlvt ;D´f}tf x'g]5 . pQm lnlvt ;D´f}tfdf shf{sf] s'n /sd jf ;Ldf,
To;sf] zt{, e'QmfgL cjlw, Aofh b/ tyf cGo b:t'/sf] ;DaGwdf :ki6 pNn]v ePsf] x'g'
kg]{5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf] nflu æljlgd]o C0fkqÆ eGgfn] k|ld;/L gf]6sf]
?kdf hf/L ePsf] C0fkq ;D´g' k5{ .
-%_ a}°n] g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ k|jfx u/]sf] clwljsif{ s'g} klg ;dodf g]kfn
;/sf/sf] cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] /fh:j cfosf] kfFr k|ltzt eGbf a9L x'g]5}g . o:tf]
/fhZj cfosf] u0fgf ubf{ C0f ;fk6L, cfly{s cg'bfg jf cGo s'g} klg lsl;dsf cfly{s
;xof]u tyf ;DklQ laqmLaf6 ePsf] cfh{g ;dfj]z x'g] 5}g .
-^_ pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhdsf] clwljsif{sf] e'QmfgL g]kfn ;/sf/n] Ps ;o c;L lbg
leq k|rlnt ahf/ Aofhb/df gub jf ahf/of]Uo C0fkq dfkm{t ug'{ kg]{5 .
-&_ a}°n] g]kfn ;/sf/af6 v/Lb u/L cfkmgf]] :jfldTjdf lnPsf] C0fkqsf] s'n
/sd cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] /fhZj cfosf] bz k|ltzt eGbf a9L x'g] 5}g .
-*_ b]xfosf] cj:yfdf a}°n] vl/b u/]sf] g]kfn ;/sf/åf/f lgisflzt C0fkqnfO{
pkbkmf -&_ adf]lhd g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ k|bfg ul/g] C0fsf] ?kdf lnOg] 5}gM–
-s_ a}°sf] df}lb|s gLlt cg'?k v'Nnf ahf/ ;~rfngsf] nflu bf]>f] ahf/af6
vl/b u/]sf]df .
-v_ k|fylds lgisfzgsf] ;dodf a}°n] ahf/nfO{ pko'Qm :t/df /fVg cfjZos
7fgL ;f7L lbg leqdf a]Rg] u/L vl/b u/]sf]df .
-u_ pkbkmf -&_ nfu" x'g' cl3 a}°n] g]kfn ;/sf/af6 vl/b u/L cfkmgf]]
:jfldTjdf lnPsf] C0fkqsf] xsdf .

30
 kl/R5]b – (
a}°sf] lgodg / lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f
&^= lgIf]k lng jf shf{ lbg a}°sf] :jLs[lt lng' kg]{ M -!_ s'g} klg JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf
;+:yfn] s'g} klg k|sf/sf] lgIf]k lng jf shf{ lbg a}°af6 tf]lsPadf]lhd :jLs[lt lng'
kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] :jLs[lt k|bfg ubf{ a}°n] tf]lsP adf]lhd cfjZos
zt{ ;d]t lgwf{/0f u/L :jLs[lt k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 / To:tf] zt{x?sf] kfngf ug'{ ;DalGwt
JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
&&= Aofhb/df aGb]h M k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd lgIf]k lng] jf shf{ lbg] clwsf/ ePsf JolQm,
kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] lgIf]kdf lbg] jf shf{df lng] Aofhb/ lgwf{/0f ubf{ a}°n] ;do
;dodf tf]lslbPsf] Aofhb/ ;DaGwL Joj:yf adf]lhd ug'{ kg]{5 .
&*= a}°af6 O{hfhtkq lng' kg]{ M -!_ jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] a}l°· tyf ljQLo
sf/f]af/ ug{ a}°af6 tf]lsPadf]lhd Ohfhtkq lng' kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] Ohfhtkq k|bfg ubf{ a}°n] tf]lsPadf]lhd
cfjZos zt{ ;d]t lgwf{/0f u/L Ohfhtkq k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 / To:tf] zt{sf] kfngf ug'{
;DalGwt Ohfhtkq k|fKt a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
&(= a}°n] lgodg ug]{ M -!_ a}°nfO{ jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sfd sf/afxL lgodg ug]{
k'0f{ clwsf/ x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lgodg ug]{ ;DaGwdf a}°n] cfjZos b]v]sf ljifodf
lgod tyf ljlgod agfpg / cfjZos cfb]z, lgb]{zg tyf ;"rgf hf/L ug{ ;Sg]5 /
To:tf] lgod tyf ljlgod / cfb]z, lgb]{zg tyf ;"rgfsf] kfngf ug'{ ;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}°
tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
-#_ a}°n] b]xfosf ljifodf jfl0fHo a}°nfO{ cfjZos lgb]{zg hf/L u/L b]xfosf]
ljj/0f k]z ug{ nufpg]5 M–
-s_ jf;nft leqsf] n]vf tyf lx;fa lstfa, jf;nft aflx/sf] lx;fa lstfa jf
jrga4tf / cfDbfgL vr{sf] ljj/0f / ltgLx?sf] n]vf zLif{s;+usf]
cg'kflts ljj/0f .
-v_ a}°n] tf]s]sf] ;Ldf leq gk/]sf ljz]if k|sf/sf] shf{ jf nufgLsf ;DaGwdf
nufOPsf] zt{, k|ltaGw jf lgif]w jf To:tf shf{ jf nufgL tyf hf]lvd
Joxf]g]{ k|s[ltsf] jrga4tf, ;DklQ / bfloTjsf] cfjlws ldnfg / jf;nft

31
 aflx/sf zLif{s, ljb]zL d'b|fsf] l:ylt, :k6 / clu|d ljlgdo b/, :jfk, cK;g
jf o:t} k|sf/sf cGo pks/0f / ljB'tLo jf cGo e'QmfgL k|0ffnLsf cGo
k|s[of .
-u_ a}°n] tf]s]sf] cGo ljj/0f tyf sfuhft .
-$_ a}°n] b]xfosf ljifodf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ cfjZos lgb]{zg hf/L u/L b]xfosf
ljj/0f k]z ug{ nufpg]5 M–
-s_ n]vf, lx;fa lstfa, gfkmf gf]S;fg lx;fa, jf;nft / jf;nft aflx/sf]
sf/f]af/ / jrga4tf / cfDbfgL vr{sf] ljj/0f tyf ;f] sf] n]vf
zLif{s;+usf] cg'kflts ljj/0f .
-v_ ljz]if k|sf/sf] shf{ jf nufgLsf ;DaGwdf nufOPsf] zt{, k|ltaGw jf lgif]w
jf a}°n] tf]s]sf] ;Ldf eGbf a9Lsf] shf{ jf nufgL, hf]lvdk'0f{ jrga4tf,
ljb]zL d'b|fsf] l:ylt, e'QmfgL / e'QmfgL k|0ffnLsf ljB'tLo jf cGo k|s[of .
-u_ a}°n] tf]s]sf] cGo ljj/0f tyf sfuhft .

-$!_ a}Ín] ;DklQ z'4Ls/0f tyf cft+sjfbL lqmofsnfkdf ljQLo nufgL lgjf/0f
ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu jfl0fHo a}Í tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ u|fxs klxrfg / u|fxssf] hf]lvd
juL{s/0f tyf Joj:yfkg ug]{, /sd :yfgfGt/0f, lgIf]k nufotsf ;Ldf jf z+sf:kb
sf/f]af/sf] ljj/0f k|rlnt ;DklQ z'4Ls/0f lgjf/0f ;DaGwL sfg"g adf]lhd :yflkt ljQLo
hfgsf/L OsfO{df pknAw u/fpg] ;DaGwdf cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5 .
-%_ a}°nfO{ jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] clwsf/
x'g]5 M–
-s_ o; P]g / jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] Ohfhtkq, ;'kl/j]If0f tyf
lgodg ug{ ag]sf] cGo s'g} P]gn] lbPsf] clwsf/ / bfloTjsf] sfof{Gjog /
jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] Ohfhtkq /2 ug]{ tyf 6f6 pN6g nfu]sf
jf 6f6 pN6]sf jfl0fHo a}° jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ a}° cfkm}n] lhDdf lng] jf
6«li6l;kdf lhDdf lbg] .
-v_ s'g} jfl0fHo a}° jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod,
ljlgod jf ;f] cGtu{t hf/L ePsf] cfb]z jf lgb]{zg cg'?k sf/f]af/
;~rfng u/]sf] 5, 5}g egL a}°sf s'g} clws[t jf a}°n] tf]s]sf] JolQmåf/f


bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

32
 To:tf a}° jf ;+:yfsf] lx;fa lstfa, clen]v, sfuhft jf cGo >]:tf
hfFra'´ jf lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ jf ug{ nufpg] .
-u_ a}°n] s'g} jfl0fHo a}° jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sf/f]af/sf] ;DaGwdf lg/LIf0f tyf
;'kl/j]If0f ug'{ k/]df To:tf a}° jf ;+:yfsf ;~rfns ;ldltsf ;b:o,
kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/LnfO{ cfkmgf]] a}° jf ;+:yfsf] af/]df cfjZos hfgsf/L
k]z ug{ cfb]z lbg] .
*)= a}l°u tyf ljQLo Joj:yf / shf{ lgoGq0f M a}+ls· tyf ljQLo Joj:yf, d'b|f tyf shf{sf
;DaGwdf a}°n] jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ ;do ;dodf lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5 .
To:tf] lgb]{zgsf] kfngf ug'{ jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
*!= tf]lsPsf] If]qdf shf{ k|jfx ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ a}°n] ;do ;dodf tf]lslbPsf] If]qdf a}°n]
tf]lslbPsf] cjlw;Ddsf] nflu a}°n] tf]lslbP adf]lhd jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn]
shf{ k|jfx ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ s'g} jfl0fHo a}° jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd shf{ k|jfx gu/]df jf
sd k|jfx u/]df To;/L k|jfx gu/]sf] jf sd k|jfx u/]sf] /sddf ;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}° jf
ljQLo ;+:yfn] shf{df lng] clwstd Aofhb/n] x'g cfpg] /sd a}°n] ;DalGwt jfl0fHo
a}° jf ljQLo ;+:yf;+u xhf{gf lng ;Sg]5 .
*@= a}° ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{ ;"rgf M -!_ jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfkmgf]] sf/f]af/ tyf
ljQLo cj:yfsf] ljj/0f a}°n] tf]s]adf]lhd a}° ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd pknAw ePsf] ljj/0fnfO{ a}°n] k|sfzg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
*#= l8j]Gr/ tyf ljQLo pks/0f hf/L ug{ :jLs[lt lng' kg]{ M -!_ jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo
;+:yfn] s'g} klg k|sf/sf] l8j]Gr/ jf ljQLo pks/0f hf/L ubf{ a}°sf] k'j{ :jLs[lt lng'
kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] :jLs[lt lb+bf a}°n] cfjZos zt{x? tf]Sg ;Sg]5 /
To:tf] zt{sf] kfngf ug'{ ;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
*$= lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f M -!_ a}°åf/f Ohfhtkq k|bfg ul/Psf jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo
;+:yfx?sf] lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f sfo{sf] lgldQ ;ldltn] cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf] lg/LIf0f
tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ljlgod agfO{ nfu' ug]{5 .
-@_ a}°n] h'g;'s} avt jfl0fHo a}° / ljQLo ;+:yfsf] h'g;'s} sfof{nosf] lg/LIf0f
tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ug{, u/fpg ;Sg]5 . o:tf] lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ;DalGwt sfof{nodf

33
 a}°sf] s'g} clwsf/L jf a}°n] tf]s]sf] ljz]if1 v6fO{ jf lj:t[t ljj/0f tyf ;"rgfx? a}°df
g} l´sfO{ klg ug{ ;lsg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]lhd lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ clwsf/L jf ljz]if1 jf a}°n]
dfu]sf nut, tYof°, ljj/0f, ;"rgf, sDKo'6/ cl86sf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ ljj/0f tyf
cGo ljB'tLo dfWodaf6 >[hgf ul/Psf sfo{qmd, ljj/0f / ljQLo lgoGq0f k|0ffnL jf
cfjZos cGo s'g} sfuhft To:tf] clwsf/L, ljz]if1 jf a}°n] tf]s]sf] ;do leq To:tf]
clwsf/L, ljz]if1 jf a}°nfO{ pknAw u/fpg], x]g{ jf hfFRg lbg] st{Jo ;DalGwt jfl0fHo
a}° / ljQLo ;+:yf jf To:tf] jfl0fHo a}° / ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns, kbflwsf/L jf
sd{rf/Lsf] x'g]5 .
-$_ o; bkmf adf]lhd lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ clwsf/L jf a}°n] jfl0fHo a}°
jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] s'g} ;~rfns, kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/L;+u lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ubf{
cfjZos b]v]sf sfd sf/afxLsf ;DaGwdf lnlvt ?kdf aofg u/fpg ;Sg]5 .
-%_ lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ubf{ cfjZos b]lvPsf s'/fsf] ;DaGwdf a}° jf
lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ clwsf/Ln] jfl0fHo a}° jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ cfjZos lgb]{zg
lbg ;Sg]5 . o;/L a}° jf lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ clwsf/Ln]] lbPsf] lgb]{zgsf] kfngf
ug'{ ;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}° / ljQLo ;+:yfsf] st{Jo x'g]5 . lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{
clwsf/Ln] o;/L lbPsf] lgb]{zgsf] hfgsf/L oyfzL3| a}°nfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .

-^_ o; bkmf adf]lhd lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ clwsf/L jf ljz]if1n] cfkm"n]
u/]sf] lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0fsf] k|ltj]bg tf]lsPsf] cjlwleq ueg{/ ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-&_ pkbkmf -^_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] k|ltj]bg ;ldltsf] cfufdL a}7sdf k]z ug'{
kg]{5 .
-*_ pkbkmf -&_ adf]lhd k]z ePsf] k|ltj]bg pk/ ;ldltn] cfjZos lg0f{o u/L ;f]
;DaGwdf rfNg' kg]{ sbdx?sf af/]df ueg{/nfO{ cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5 . To:tf]
lgb]{zgsf] kfngf ug]{, u/fpg] lhDd]jf/L ueg{/sf] x'g]5 .
*%= cfk;L ;xof]u cfbfg k|bfg ug]{ M -!_ cf–cfkmgf] ;'kl/j]If0f If]qflwsf/ cGtu{t kg]{ jfl0fHo
a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;'kl/j]If0f ug{sf] nflu a}°n] ;DalGwt ljb]zL ;'kl/j]If0f
clwsf/L;+u kf/:kl/stfsf] cfwf/df ;xof]usf] cfbfg k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu k|fKt hfgsf/L jf ;"rgf
uf]klgotf e+u gx'g] u/L a}°n] ljb]zL ;'kl/j]If0f clwsf/L;+u cfbfg k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 .


bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

34
 -#_ a}°n] ljQLo k|0ffnL;+u ;DalGwt gLlt lgodg ug]{ cGo lgsfo;+u ljQLo
k|0ffnLsf] ;Daw{g ug]{ k|of]hgsf lgldQ Ps cfk;df ;xof]usf] cfbfg k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5 .

*^= ======================

*^s= jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] a}ÍnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{ M s'g} jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo
;+:yf k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd bfdf;fxL jf vf/]hLdf kg]{ cj:yf ePdf jf To:tf] a}Í jf
ljQLo ;+:yfn] e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{ s'g} /sd e'QmfgL ug{ g;Sg] jf k"/f ug'{ kg]{ s'g} jf ;a}
bfloTj k"/f ug{ pNn]vgLo?kdf -Dof6]l/oNnL_ c;dy{ ePdf To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo
;+:yfn] ;f]sf] hfgsf/L a}ÍnfO{ kGw| lbgleq cljnDa u/fpg' kg]{5 .

*^v= jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yf ;d:ofu|:t ePsf] dflgg] M bkmf *^s= adf]lhdsf] hfgsf/L
a}Ín] k|fKt u/]sf]df jf bkmf *$ adf]lhdsf] lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f k|ltj]bgaf6 jf cGo
s'g} klg tj/af6 s'g} jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yf ljBdfg /x]sf]]
s'/fdf a}Í ljZj:t ePdf a}Ín] To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ lnlvt ;"rgf lbO{
;d:ofu|:t ePsf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ?kdf 3f]if0ff ug]{5 M–
-s_ lgIf]kstf{, z]o/wgL, ;fx" jf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] lxtljk/Lt x'g] u/L s'g} sfo{
u/]sf] b]lvPdf,
-v_ cfk"mn] k"/f ug'{ kg]{ ljQLo bfloTj k"/f gu/]df jf ug{;Sg] ;Defjgf gePdf
jf e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{ /sd e'QmfgL ug{ g;s]df,
-u_ bfdf;fxLdf k/]sf] jf kg{ nfu]sf] jf pNn]vgLo ?kdf cfly{s sl7gfO{
ef]lu/x]sf] ePdf,
-3_ o; P]g, jfl0fHo a}Í tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"g, cGo k|rlnt
sfg"g, Ohfhtkq k|bfg ubf{ tf]lsPsf zt{ jf a}Ísf] lgodg, lgb]{zg jf
cfb]zsf] cj1f jf pNn+3g u/]sf] b]lvPdf,
-ª_ e'm¶f, hfn;fh, unt sfuhft jf tYo k]z u/L Ohfhtkq k|fKt u/]sf]
b]lvg cfPdf,
-r_ o; P]g, jfl0fHo a}Í tyf ljQLo ;+:yf ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"g tyf a}Ín]
;do–;dodf lbPsf] lgb]{zgadf]lhdsf] Go"gtd k"FhL sf]if sfod ug{
g;s]df,


bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f vf/]h .
 klxnf] ;+zf]wg4f/f yk .

35
 -5_ k|rlnt sfg"gadf]lhd s'g} jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] vf/]hL
-lnlSj8]zg_ jf km/kmf/v jf bfdf;fxL ;DaGwL sfg"gL sf/afxL cl3
a9fOPsf] ePdf,
-h_ :j]lR5s vf/]hLsf] sf/afxL z'? ePsf]]df To:tf] sf/afxL k"/f ug{ cg'lrt
l9nfO{ ePsf]df,
-em_ s'g} ljb]zL jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+nUgtfdf :yfkgf ePsf] jfl0fHo
a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yf ePdf To:tf] ljb]zL jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yf
bfdf;fxLdf jf vf/]hLdf k/]df jf vf/]hLdf k/L lnlSj8]6/ lgo'Qm ePdf jf
To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] a}lÍË sf/f]af/ ug]{ Ohfhtkq
;DalGwt d'n'ssf] sfg"gadf]lhd vf/]h ePdf jf sf/f]af/df cf+lzs jf
k"0f{?kn] k|ltaGw nfu]df jf To:tf jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yf;Fu ;lDdlnt
eO{ a}lÍË sf/f]af/ ;~rfng u/]sf] b]lvPdf, jf
-`_ jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfk"mn] ug'{ kg]{ e'QmfgL jf k"/f ug'{ kg]{ bfloTj
jf sfd st{Jodf k|lts"n c;/ kfg]{ cj:yf ljBdfg ePsf] s'/fdf a}Í
ljZj:t ePdf .

*^u= ;d:ofu|:t jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ a}Ín] sf/afxL ug{ ;Sg] M -!_ bkmf *^v=
adf]lhd a}Ín] s'g} jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yf ;d:ofu|t ePsf]] 3f]if0ff u/]df sDkgL P]g

tyf cGo k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf
ljQLo ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkg cfˆgf] lgoGq0fdf lnO{ jf ;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo
;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltnfO{ a}Ín] b]xfosf] s'g} jf ;a} sf/afxL ug]{ cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ gofF z]o/ hf/L u/L jf hf/L k"FhLsf] e'QmfgL x'g afFsL /sd e'QmfgL ug{
nufO{ r'Qmf k"FhL j[l4 ug{ nufpg],
-v_ z]o/wgLx?sf] dtflwsf/ jf cGo clwsf/x? cfjZostf cg';f/ lgnDag
ug]{,
-u_ k"FhL j[l4 ug{ z]o/wgLx?nfO{ k|bfg ul/g] nfef+z jf cGo /sdx? lglZrt
cjlwsf nflu ljt/0f ug{ /f]s nufpg],
-3_ ;~rfns tyf cGo pRr kbflwsf/Lx?nfO{ k|bfg ul/g] af]g;, kfl/>lds,
Ifltk"lt{ tyf cGo /sdx?sf] ljt/0fsf] ;Ldf lgwf{/0f ug]{,

bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

klxnf] ;+zf]wg4f/f yk .

bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

36
-ª_ jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;'zf;g, cfGtl/s lgoGq0f tyf hf]lvd
Joj:yfkgsf] ;d'lrt Joj:yf ldnfpg],
-r_ lgIf]k :jLsf/, shf{ k|jfx jf nufgLdf k|ltaGw nufpg] jf ;f]sf] ;Ldf
tf]Sg],
-5_ k"FhLsf] kof{Kttf tyf t/ntfsf] cg'kft pRr /fVg nufpg] jf Joj;flos
sf/f]af/dfly k|ltaGw nufpg] jf cGo cfjZos zt{ tf]Sg],
-h_ jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sf/f]af/ ;Lldt ug]{ jf hfoh]yfsf] laqmL
ug{ jf zfvf lj:tf/ ug{ /f]s nufpg] jf :jb]z jf ljb]zsf s'g} zfvf
sfof{no aGb ug{ nufpg],
-em_ u'0ffTds ?kn] ;Íf:kb b]lvPsf ;DklQ / oyfy{ d"No clen]vg gePsf
lwtf] jf cGo ;DklQx?sf] hf]lvd sd ug{ cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfpg],
-`_ k|rlnt sfg"g tyf a}Ísf] lgodg pNn+3g u/L clgoldt tl/sfaf6
;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ xflg gf]S;fgL k'Ug hfg] sfo{df
/f]s nufpg],
-6_ jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ug{ kfpg] sfo{x?dWo] s'g} vf; k|s[ltsf]
sfd sf/afxL s'g} vf; cjlwsf nflu ug{ /f]s nufpg],
-7_ d'Vo–d'Vo k"FhLut vr{ ubf{ pNn]vgLo ?kdf bfloTj Joxf]g'{ kg]{ u/L
k|lta4tf hgfpFbf jf ;Defljt bfloTjdf vr{ ubf{ a}Ísf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lng'
kg]{,
-8_ cfjZostf cg';f/ Ps jf PseGbf a9L ;~rfns, Joj:yfks jf
sd{rf/LnfO{ x6fpg nufpg],
-9_ v08 -8_ adf]lhdsf] cfb]z lbFbf ;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfn]
;f] cfb]zdf plNnlvt ;~rfns, Joj:yfks jf sd{rf/LnfO{ gx6fPdf
k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg a}Ín] To:tf ;~rfns,
Joj:yfks jf sd{rf/LnfO{ cfkm} x6fpg ;Sg]5 .
-0f_ jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldlt lgnDag ug]{ / To:tf]
jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkg cfˆgf] lgoGq0fdf lnO{ cfkm}+ jf
cfk"måf/f lgo'Qm clwsf/Ldfkm{t To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf]
Joj:yfkg tyf sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ug]{ u/fpg],

37
 :kli6s/0f M ælgo'Qm clwsf/LÆ eGgfn] o; v08adf]lhd a}Ín] cfˆgf]
lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkg tyf sf/f]af/
;~rfng ug{ a}Íåf/f lgo'Qm s'g} Ps jf PseGbf a9L AolQm, kmd{, sDkgL
jf ;+:yf ;Demg' k5{ .
-t_ lwtf]kq ahf/df ;"rLs[t jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ lwtf]kq
ahf/af6 cfˆgf] gfd x6fpg cfj]bg lbg nufpg],
-y_ jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;'/If0f g/fv]sf] ;xfos cfjlws C0fsf]
;fFjf tyf Aofh e'QmfgLdf k|ltaGw nufpg],
-b_ a}Ín] cfjZos / pko'Qm b]v]sf cGo s'g} sfd sf/afxL ug]{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -9_ adf]lhd jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;~rfns,
Joj:yfks jf sd{rf/LnfO{{ x6fpg] cfb]z lbFbf jf v08 -0f_ adf]lhd jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo
;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkg cfˆgf] lgoGq0fdf lnO{ To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns
;ldlt lgnDag ubf{ To:tf ;~rfns, Joj:yfks, sd{rf/L jf ;~rfns ;ldltnfO{
;'g'jfO{sf] dgfl;a df}sfaf6 jl~rt ul/g] 5}g .
t/ To:tf] df}sf lbFbf jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yf jf ;f]sf lgIf]kstf{, z]o/wgL, ;fx'" jf
;j{;fwf/0fsf] lxtdf k|lts"n c;/ kg]{ b]lvPdf k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP
tfklg To:tf ;~rfns, Joj:yfks jf sd{rf/LnfO{ tTsfn lghsf] kb jf ;]jfaf6 x6fpg
cfb]z lbg] jf ;~rfns ;ldlt lgnDag u/L oyf;+ej l56f] ;'g'jfO{sf] df}sf k|bfg ug{ o;
pkbkmfn] afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-#_ pkbkmf -@_ sf] k|ltaGwfTds jfSof+zdf pNn]v ePadf]lhdsf] sf/afxLsf
;DaGwdf ;'g'jfO{ ubf{ ;f] sf/afxL dgfl;a gb]lvPdf a}Ín] pkbkmf
-!_ sf] v08 -9_ jf -0f_ adf]lhdsf] cfb]znfO{ ab/ ug{, kl/jt{g ug{ jf cGo dgfl;a
lg0f{o ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -0f_ adf]lhd a}Ín] s'g} jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yf
cfˆgf] lgoGq0fdf lnO{ ;f]xL v08df plNnlvt s'g} klg tj/af6 jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo
;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkg tyf sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ubf{ nfUg] ;Dk"0f{ vr{ ;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}Í
jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] Joxf]g'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -0f_ adf]lhd a}Ín] lbPsf] cfb]zsf] cjlw a}Ín] csf]{
To:t} cfb]zåf/f yk gu/];Dd ;fdfGotof b'O{ jif{;Dd sfod /xg]5 .

38
 -^_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -0f_ adf]lhd a}Ín] s'g} jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo
;+:yfnfO{ cfˆgf] lgoGq0fdf lnPsf]df ;f]sf] k|f/lDes k|ltj]bg / tt\kZrft a}Í jf a}Íåf/f
lgo'Qm clwsf/Ln] tof/ kf/]sf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg g]kfn ;/sf/sf] hfgsf/Lsf] nflu
k7fpg]5 .
-&_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -8_, -9_, -0f_ / -t_ adf]lhd lbOPsf] cfb]z a}Ín]
cfjZos 7fg]df csf]{ cfb]zaf6 lkmtf{ lng jf ab/ ug{ ;Sg]5 . To;/L csf]{ cfb]z hf/L
ubf{ To:tf] cfb]z hf/L ug'{ kg]{ cfwf/ tyf sf/0f / cGo cfjZos s'/fx? ;f] cfb]zdf
pNn]v ug'{ kg]{5 .
-*_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -9_ adf]lhd a}Ísf] cfb]zaf6 x6fOPsf ;~rfns,
Joj:yfks jf sd{rf/Ln] To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns, Joj:yfks jf
sd{rf/Lsf] kb jf s'g} klg jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] s'g} klg kbdf /xL jf cGo s'g}
klg tl/sfaf6 k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kdf ;Da4 eO{ s'g} sfd sf/f]af/;d]t ug{ kfpg]
5}g .
-(_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -9_ adf]lhd x6fOPsf] s'g} klg ;~rfns, Joj:yfks
jf sd{rf/L jf v08 -0f_ adf]lhd lgnDag ePsf] ;~rfns ;ldltsf ;b:ox?n] ;f] cfb]z
ePsf] ldltb]lv k|rlnt s'g} sfg"gadf]lhd jf lghx?;Fu s'g} k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ;Demf}tf
ePsf] eP ;f] ;Demf}tfdf plNnlvt s'g} klg kfl/>lds jf Ifltk"lt{sf] bfjL ug{ kfpg]
5}gg\ .
-!)_ ;d:ofu|:t s'g} klg jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k"FhLsf] lgwf{/0f,
;DklQ tyf bfloTjsf] d"Nof+sg a}Ín] tf]lslbPadf]lhdsf] cfwf/, k|lqmof / dfkb08adf]lhd
x'g]5 .

*^3= a}Ín] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yf lgoGq0fdf lnPkl5sf] c;/ M -!_ bkmf *^u= sf] pkbkmf
-!_ sf] v08 -0f_ adf]lhdsf] cfb]z lbO{ a}Ín] s'g} jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf]
Joj:yfkg cfˆgf] lgoGq0fdf lnO{ ;f]sf] Joj:yfkg tyf sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ubf{ u/fp+bfsf]
cj:yfdf To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;~rfns, Joj:yfks tyf sd{rf/Ln]
To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;DklQ, hfoh]yf tyf ;Dk"0f{ sf/f]af/ tyf ;f]sf]
ljj/0f / sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ug{ cfjZos kg]{ ;Dk"0f{ ;xof]u tyf ;'ljwfx? a}Í jf a}Íaf6
lgo'Qm ePsf] clwsf/LnfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .

 klxnf] ;+zf]wg4f/f yk .

39
 -@_ bkmf *^u= sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -0f_ adf]lhd a}Ín] s'g} jfl0fHo a}Í jf
ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ cfˆgf] lgoGq0fdf lng] cfb]z lbPsf]df To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo
;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkg tyf ;~rfng ug{ lgo'Qm clwsf/Ln] a}Ín] lbPsf] cfb]zsf] kl/lwleq
/xL ;f] cfb]zpk/ a}Ín] cGoyf lg0f{o gu/];Dd To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf]
;DklQ tyf sf/f]af/ cfˆgf] lgoGq0fdf lnO{ ;f]sf] ;~rfng To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo
;+:yfsf] gfdaf6 ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg a}Ín] cfˆgf] lgoGq0fdf
lnPsf] s'g} klg jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkg tyf ;~rfng ug{ lgo'Qm
clwsf/Ln] To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yf, ;f]sf] ;~rfns ;ldlt, z]o/wgL jf
Joj:yfksnfO{ k|rlnt sfg"g, To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k|aGwkq tyf
lgodfjnLn] k|bfg u/]sf] ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ cfjZostf cg';f/ k|of]u ug{ ;Sg]5 / To:tf]
clwsf/Ln] To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f ;ef jf ljz]if ;fwf/0f ;efn]
ug]{ sfd jf cGo s'g} k|sf/n] k|of]u ug{ kfpg] clwsf/sf];d]t k|of]u ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-$_ s'g} jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkg cfˆgf] lgoGq0fdf lnPsf]
a}Ísf] cfb]z axfn /x];Dd bkmf *^u= sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -9_ adf]lhd x6fOPsf
;~rfns, Joj:yfks jf sd{rf/L tyf v08 -0f_ adf]lhd lgnDag ul/Psf] ;~rfns
;ldltsf] ;b:onfO{ To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkg tyf ;~rfng ug{
a}Íaf6 lgo'Qm clwsf/Ln] lnlvt :jLs[lt glbP;Dd ;d:ofu|:t /x]sf] cjlwe/ To:tf
;~rfns, Joj:yfks jf sd{rf/Ln] k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kdf To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo
;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkgdf ;+nUg x'g jf s'g} k|sf/sf] kfl/>lds jf ;'ljwf lng kfpg] 5}g .

*^ª= a}Í jf a}Íaf6 lgo'Qm clwsf/Ln] k|of]u ug]{ ;'wf/fTds pkfo tyf clwsf/x? M -!_ sDkgL
P]g tyf cGo k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg a}Íaf6 s'g} ;d:ofu|:t
jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ bkmf *^u= sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -0f_ adf]lhd cfˆgf]
lgoGq0fdf lng] cfb]z hf/L u/L ;f]sf] Joj:yfkg tyf ;~rfng ug{ a}Í cfkm} jf a}Íaf6
lgo'Qm clwsf/Ln] a}Ísf] k"j{:jLs[lt lnO{ To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k'g;+{/rgf
ug{ b]xfosf s'g} Ps jf PseGbf a9L ;'wf/fTds pkfox? cjnDag ug{ jf u/fpg
;Sg]5 M–
-s_ g]kfn /fHoleq jf aflx/ ;~rfng e}/x]sf] s'g} sf/f]af/ /2 jf lgnDag ug]{,

 klxnf] ;+zf]wg4f/f yk .

40
 -v_ a}Ín] tf]lslbPsf zt{ tyf dfkb08sf cfwf/df To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo
;+:yfsf] ;DklQ cGo s'g} jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ laqmL ug]{,
-u_ To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jf cGTo ug]{ jf
lghx?sf] :yfgdf cfjZostf cg';f/ gofF sd{rf/L v6fpg],
-3_ cfjZos b]lvPdf To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ cGo jfl0fHo a}Í jf
ljQLo ;+:yfdf ufEg] jf To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] s'g} jf ;a}
;DklQ tyf bfloTj cGo s'g} jfl0fHo a}Í, ljQLo ;+:yf jf cGo s'g} lgsfodf
x:tfGt/0f ug]{ k|aGw ldnfpg],
-ª_ a}+sn] tf]s]sf] dfkb08sf] cwLgdf /xL tTsfn sfod /x]sf z]o/wgLx?sf]
;xeflutf sd u/fpg cGo JolQmx?nfO{ z]o/ laqmL u/L k"FhL j[l4 ug]{ jf
;~rfns ;ldltsf] k'gu{7g u/L To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf]
k'g;{+/rgf ug]{,
-r_ bkmf *^h= adf]lhd To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;DklQsf] jf:tljs
d"No k|ltljlDat x'g] u/L k"FhL 36fpg] / z]o/sf] clÍt d"No ;f]xL k"FhLsf]
cg'kftdf ;dfof]hg ug]{,
-5_ lgIf]kstf{, z]o/wgL, ;fx" tyf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] lxtsf nflu cfjZos
Joj:yfksLo k'g;{+/rgf ug]{ jf ;'rf??kn] sf/f]af/ ;~rfng x'g g;s]sf]
jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] zfvf tyf sf/f]af/ aGb u/L ;+:yfut k'g;{+/rgf
ug]{,
-h_ ;d:ofu|:t jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ ;Ifd agfpg cfk"mn]
tf]lslbPadf]lhdsf cGo pkfox? canDag ug]{ u/fpg] .
-@_ s'g} jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfpk/ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -r_ jf -5_
adf]lhd s'g} lg0f{o lng'kbf{ ;f] ljifodf lg0f{o lng'cl3 ;/f]sf/jfnfnfO{ dgfl;a ;'g'jfO{sf]
df}sf lbg' kg]{5 .
t/ cu|Ld ;'g'jfO{sf] df}sf k|bfg ubf{ ;f]sf] lgIf]kstf{, z]o/wgL, ;fx" jf
;j{;fwf/0fsf] lxtdf k|lts"n c;/ k5{ eGg] a}ÍnfO{ nfu]df To:tf] lg0f{o lnO{ oyf;Dej
l56f] ;'g'jfO{sf] df}sf k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 / To;/L ePsf] ;'g'jfO{af6 a}Í ;Gt'i6 x'g] sf/0f /
cfwf/ v'Ng cfPdf ;f] lg0f{onfO{ cfjZostf cg';f/ kl/jt{g jf vf/]h ug{ ;lsg]5 .

41

*^r= pkrf/fTds sfo{ ug]{ a}Ísf] clwsf/ M -!_ a}Ín] bkmf *^u= sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -0f_
adf]lhd ;d:ofu|:t jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] lgoGq0f cfk"mn] lnPsf] Ps jif{leq
To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkgk/LIf0f jf n]vfk/LIf0f u/L jf u/fO{ ;f]sf]
k|ltj]bg ;fj{hlgs ?kdf k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] Joj:yfkg k/LIf0f jf n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bgsf]
cfwf/df sDkgL P]g tyf cGo k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg a}Í
cfk"mn] lgoGq0fdf lnPsf] s'g} jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yf /fd|f];Fu ;~rfng x'g ;S5
eGg] s'/fdf a}Í ljZj:t ePdf a}Ín] cfjZostf cg';f/ b]xfosf pkrf/fTds sfo{x? ug{
;Sg]5 M–
-s_ bkmf *^u= sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -0f_ adf]lhd lgnlDat ;~rfns
;ldltsf] lgnDag k'ms'jf u/L k'gM ;f]xL ;~rfns ;ldltnfO{
Joj:yfkg jf sfd sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ug{ cfb]z lbg],
-v_ bkmf *^u= sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -0f_ adf]lhd lgnlDat ;~rfns
;ldltnfO{ avf{:t u/L To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf
z]o/wgLx?dWo]af6 gofF ;~rfns ;ldltsf] u7g u/L Joj:yfkg jf
sfd sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ug{ nufpg],
-u_ bkmf *^u= sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -0f_ adf]lhd lgnlDat ;~rfns
;ldltnfO{ avf{:t u/L To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f
;ef af]nfO{ ;f]sf] Joj:yfkg jf sfd sf/f]af/ ;~rfng ug{ gofF
;~rfns ;ldltsf] u7g ug]{ u/fpg], jf
-3_ a}Ín] pko'Qm b]v]sf] cGo s'g} pkrf/fTds pkfo cjnDag ug]{ .

-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] Joj:yfkg k/LIf0f jf n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bg jf
a}Í4f/f lgo'Qm clwsf/Lsf] k|ltj]bgsf] cfwf/df a}Ín] tf]s]sf] dfkb08sf] cwLgdf /xL
cfjZostf cg';f/ g]kfn lwtf]kq af]8{ / g]kfn rf6{8{ Psfp06]06 ;+:yfsf k|ltlglw tyf
cGo afx\o ljz]if1 ;d]t ;dfj]z u/L u7g ePsf] ;ldltn] lgwf{/0f ul/lbPsf] d"No e'QmfgL
kfpg] u/L s'g} z]o/wgLnfO{ lghsf] gfddf /x]sf] z]o/sf] :jfldTj a}Ín] plrt 7x/fPsf]
s'g} JolQmnfO{ ljqmL, ljt/0f tyf x:tfGt/0f ug{ ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg u/L] cfb]z lbg
;Sg]5 .

 klxnf] ;+zf]wg4f/f yk .

bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

42
 -$_ pkbkmf -#_ sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhd s'g} sf/0fn] z]o/ laqmL, ljt/0f tyf
x:tfGt/0f x'g g;s]df To:tf] z]o/ a}Ín] hkmt ul/lbg ;Sg]5 / To;/L hkmt ul/Psf]
z]o/ a}Ín] pko'Qm 7x¥ofPsf] tl/sfaf6 pkbkmf -#_ sf] v08 -s_ adf]lhd ul7t ;ldltsf]
/fo;d]t lnO{ c? s;}nfO{ laqmL, ljt/0f tyf x:tfGt/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhdsf] lg0f{o s'g} jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfpk/ lng'
kbf{ a}Ín] k|:tfljt ljifodf lg0f{o lng'cl3 ;/f]sf/jfnfnfO{ dgfl;a dflkmssf] ;'g'jfO{sf]
df}sf lbg' kg]{5 .
t/ cu|Ld ;'g'jfO{sf] df}sf k|bfg ubf{ To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yf, ;f]sf
lgIf]kstf{, z]o/wgL, ;fx" jf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] lxtdf k|lts"n c;/ k5{ eGg] a}ÍnfO{ nfu]df
To:tf] lg0f{o lnO{ oyf;+ej l56f] ;'g'jfO{sf] df}sf k|bfg ug'{ kg]{5 / To;/L ePsf]
;'g'jfO{af6 a}Í ;Gt'i6 x'g] sf/0f / cfwf/ v'Ng cfPdf ;f] lg0f{onfO{ cfjZostf cg';f/
kl/jt{g jf vf/]h ug{ ;lsg]5 .

*^5= km/kmf/vdf n}hfg ;Sg] M s'g} ;d:ofu|:t jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfpk/ bkmf *^u=
adf]lhdsf] sf/afxL rnfpFbf jf bkmf *^ª= adf]lhdsf] ;'wf/fTds pkfo cjnDag ubf{
jf bkmf *^r= adf]lhdsf] pkrf/fTds sfo{ ubf{ ;d]t To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo
;+:yfn] k"/f ug'{ kg]{ bfloTj k"/f ug{ c;dy{ ePsf] jf /fd|f];Fu ;~rfng x'g g;Sg]
cj:yfdf k'u]sf] s'/fdf a}Í ljZj:t ePdf a}Ín] To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{
kl/R5]b–(s= adf]lhd km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmofdf n}hfg] lg0f{o ug{ ;Sg]5 .

*^h= ;d:ofu|:t jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k"FhL 36fpg ;Sg] M -!_ sDkgL P]g tyf
cGo k|rlnt sfg"g jf ;d:ofu|:t jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k|aGwkq /
lgodfjnLdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg bkmf *^u= sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -0f_
adf]lhd a}Ín] ;d:ofu|:t jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ cfˆgf] lgoGq0fdf lnPkl5
To:tf]] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] r'Qmf k"FhL Ifo ePsf] jf z]o/wgLaf6 r'Qmf x'g'
kg]{ /sd r'Qmf gePsf] jf To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] bfloTj ;DklQn]
gvfDg] b]lvPdf To;/L Ifo ePsf] jf ;DklQn] gvfDg] xb;Ddsf] k"FhLsf] c+z /2 u/L
z]o/ k"FhL 36fpg ;Sg]5 .
t/ To;/L z]o/ k"FhL 36fpg' cl3 a}Ín] ;f]sf] ;"rgf /fli6«o :t/sf] b}lgs
klqsfdf sDtLdf b'O{ k6s k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .


bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .
 klxnf] ;+zf]wg4f/f yk .

43
 
-@_ ================
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd ;"rgf k|sfzg ubf{ z]o/sf] r'Qmf d"Nosf] /sd e'QmfgL
gu/]sf z]o/wgLx?sf] xsdf To:tf] /sd r'Qmf ug{ a}Ín] tL; lbgsf] ;dofjlw lbg' kg]{5 .
To;/L ;"rgf hf/L ubf{ dfu ul/Psf] /sd r'Qmf gug]{ z]o/wgLx?sf] z]o/ a}Ín] /2 ug]{
k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpg ;Sg]5 / bfdf;fxLdf jf km/kmf/vdf jf vf/]hLdf k/]sf] jfl0fHo
a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] z]o/sf] xsdf a}Ín] To:tf] z]o/ k"FhLsf]] Go"gtd d"No sfod ug{
;Sg]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd a}Ín] ;d:ofu|:t jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] z]o/
k"FhL 36fPdf jf pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd z]o/ /2 u/]df To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf]
k|aGwkq tyf lgodfjnLdf ;f]xLadf]lhd :jtM ;+zf]wg ePsf] dflgg]5 .

*^em=a}Ísf] cfb]zpk/ k'g/fj]bg ug]{ clwsf/ M -!_ bkmf *^u=, *^3=, *^ª=, *^r= / *^h=
adf]lhd a}Í jf a}Íaf6 lgo'Qm clwsf/Ln] u/]sf] s'g} sfo{, cfb]z, lg0f{o jf sf/afxLpk/
lrQ ga'em]df To:tf] sfo{, cfb]z, lg0f{o jf sf/afxLpk/ kGw| lbgleq ;ldlt;dIf
k'g/fj]bg ug]{ clwsf/ To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf z]o/wgLsf] k|ltlglwnfO{ dfq
x'g]5 .
:ki6Ls/0f M o; bkmfsf] k|of]hgsf nflu æz]o/wgLsf] k|ltlglwÆ eGgfn]
tTsfn sfod /x]sf] r'Qmf k"FhLsf] sDtLdf klRr; k|ltzt z]o/sf] k|ltlglwTj x'g]u/L
z]o/wgLx?n] cfk"mdWo]af6 r'g]sf] AolQm ;Demg' k5{ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] cjlwleq tTsfn sfod /x]sf] r'Qmf k"FhLsf] sDtLdf
kRrL; k|ltzt z]o/sf] k|ltlglwTj gx'g] u/L k/]sf] k'g/fj]bgpk/ ;'gjfO{ x'g] 5}g .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd a}Í;dIf k'g/fj]bg k/]sf]df ;f] k'g/fj]bg k|fKt u/]sf]
ldltn] tL; lbgleq ;ldltn] ;Da4 k|df0f, cfwf/ / sf/0fx? v'nfO{ a}Í jf a}Ín] lgo'Qm
u/]sf] clwsf/Ln] u/]sf] sfo{, cfb]z, lg0f{o jf sf/afxL, ;dy{g, k'g/fjnf]sg jf ab/ ug{
;Sg]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd ul/Psf] lg0f{osf] hfgsf/L ;ldltn] kGw| lbgleq
;DalGwt z]o/wgLsf] k|ltlglwnfO{ lbg' kg]{5 .


bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f lemlsPsf] .

bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .
 klxnf] ;+zf]wg4f/f yk .

44
 -%_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd a}Í jf a}Ín] lgo'Qm u/]sf]] clwsf/Ln] u/]sf] sfo{,
cfb]z, lg0f{o jf sf/afxL ;ldltn] ab/ u/]sf]dfafx]s To:tf sfd sf/afxLx? oyfjt
sfod /xg]5g\ .
-^_ z]o/wgLsf] k|ltlglwsf] k'g/fj]bgpk/ pkbkmf -#_ adf]lhd ;ldltn] u/]sf]
lg0f{o clGtd x'g]5 .

*^`= ===============

*^6= ================

*^7= ==================

*^8= =================

*^9====================
*&= ;"rgf g]6js{sf] :yfkgf M a}°n] g]kfn =============== sf] a}l°· tyf ljQLo k|0ffnLsf]
;Daw{gsf] nflu tf]lsP adf]lhd ;"rgf g]6js{ :yfkgf / ;~rfng ug]{5 .
**= shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf M -!_a}°n] b]xfosf] k|of]hgsf] nflu Pp6f shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|sf]
:yfkgf ug{ jf u/fpg ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ shf{ k|jfxdf z'4tf / pko'Qmtf sfod ug{ jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo
;+:yfx?n] k|jfx u/]sf] shf{sf] ;"rgf k|fKt ug{,
-v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhd k|fKt ;"rgfnfO{ ;f]xL v08df plNnlvt k|of]hgsf] lgldQ
jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] aLrdf cfbfg k|bfg ug{,
-u_ ;dodf shf{ gltg]{ jf shf{sf] b'?kof]u ug]{ C0fLx?sf] gfdfjnL clgjfo{
?kdf s]Gb|nfO{ pknAw u/fpg,
-3_ a}°n] tf]s]sf] ;Ldf eGbf a9Lsf] nufgL ug'{ jf shf{ lbg' cl3 s]Gb|af6
clgjfo{ ?kdf ;"rgf lng,
-ª_ v08 -u_ adf]lhd k|fKt gfdfjnLnfO{ s]Gb|n] olsg u/L sfnf] ;"rLdf /fVg
tyf ;f] ;DaGwdf cfjZos sf/afxL ug{, /
-r_ k|To]s jfl0fHo a}° jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] o:tf] ;"rgf cfbfg k|bfg u/], gu/]sf]
tyf To:tf] ;"rgf cg'?k C0f nufgL ug]{ u/], gu/]sf] af/] lg/LIf0f,
;'kl/j]If0f tyf cg'udg u/L a}°nfO{ k|ltj]bg k]z ug{ .


bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f vf/]h .
 u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^^ åf/f lemlsPsf] .

45
 -@_ a}°n] pkbkmf -!_ df plNnlvt sfo{nfO{ tf]lsP adf]lhd lgoldt tyf
Jojl:yt ug]{5 .


kl/R5]b–(s=
km/kmf/v ;DalGw Joj:yf
**s= km/kmf/vsf] sfo{ ug{ ;Sg] a}Ísf] clwsf/ M -!_ a}Ín] b]xfosf] s'g} cj:yfdf s'g}
jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ cfkm\gf] lgoGq0fdf lnO{ km/kmf/vsf] sfo{ cuf8L
a9fpg ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ k"0f{ jf cf+lzs ?kdf cfkm\gf] bfloTj e'QmgL ug{ g;s]df,
-v_ ;'kl/j]IfsLo ljZn]if0fsf cfwf/df ;f] ljZn]if0f ;DalGw sfo{ ;dfKt
ePsf] ldltn] gAa] lbgleq e'QmgL ug'{ kg]{ bfloTjx? k'/f ug{ g;Sg]
cj:yf ePdf,
-u_ v'b ;DklQ eGbf bfloTj a9L ePdf,
-3_ a}Ín] tf]s]sf ;j} k|sf/sf k"FhL tyf sf]ifx?n] ;d]t vfDg g;Sg] u/L
3f6fdf uPdf,
-ª_ a}Ín] bkmf *^5= adf]lhd km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmofdf n}hfg] lg0f{o u/]df .
-@_ s'g} jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljlQo ;+:yf pk/ /x]sf] lgIf]kstf{ tyf ;'/lIft
;fx'sf] bfaLnfO{ km/kmf/v ug]{ u/fpg] clwsf/ a}ÍnfO{ dfq x'g]5 .
-#_ jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] km/kmf/v ;DalGw sfo{ ubf{ nfu]sf] ;Dk"0f{
vr{ ;DalGwt a}Í jf ljlQo ;+:yfsf] ;DktL laqmL u/L kf|Kt /sdaf6 Joxf]l/g] 5 .
**v= ljz]if k|zf;g ;d"xsf] u7g ;DalGw Joj:yf M -!_ bkmf **s= adf]hLd s'g} jfl0fHo
a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] km/kmf/vsf] sfo{ cuf8L lg0f{o ePdf a}Ín] ;f] k|of]hgsf
nfuL tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] of]Uotf k'u]sf JolQmx? dWo]af6 a9Ldf tLg hgf JolQm
/x]sf] ljz]if k|zf;g ;d"x u7g u/L ;f] dfkm{t ;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo
;+:yfnfO[ cfˆgf] lgoGt0fdf lnO{ km/kmf/vsf] sfo{ cuf8L ;Sg]5 .
-@_ a}Ín] ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xsf ;a} jf s'g} ;b:osf] sfd ;Gtf]ifhgs
gePdf lghnfO{ tf]lsP adf]lhd kbd'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 .


bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

46
 -#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]hLd kbd'Qm ug'{ cl3 lghnfO{ dgfl;a dflkmssf] ;do
lbO{ ;'g'jfOsf] df}sf lbg' kg]{5.
-$_ a}Ín] km/kmf/v ;DalGw sfo{ ;DkGg gx'Fb} ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xsf
;b:onfO{ kbd'Qm u/]]df ;f] :yfgdf tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] of]Uotf k'u]sf JolQmnfO{ afFsL
cjlwsf nflu lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg5 .
-%_ ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xsf ;b:osf] kfl/>lds sfo{ ;Dkfbg;Fu cfa2 x'g]
u/L tf]lsP adf]hLd x'g]5.
**u= ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xsf] sfd, stJo tyf clwsf/ M -!_ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xnfO{
;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;fwf/0f;ef, ;~rfns ;ldlt, k|d'v
sfo{sf/L clws[t tyf cGo kbflwsf/Ln] k|of]u ug{ kfpg] ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] clwgdf /lx ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xnfO{ ;DalGwt jfl0fHo
a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] rn, crn ;DktLsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{, s'g} ;DktL tyf bfloTj
km/kmf/v ug]{ tyf ;f] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yf ;~rfng ug]{ ;DaGwdf b]xfosf
clwsf/ x'g]5 M–
-s_ jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] laqmL x'g afFsL k'/} jf cf+lzs
z]o/ gofF JolQmnfO{ laqmL ug]{,
-v_ s'g} sf/f]jf/ ;~rfng ug{ Pj+ k|0ffnLut b[li6sf]0fn] lgoldt
?kdf ;~rfng ug{ ;lsg] vf; sfo{ ug{ cGo s'g} ;+:yfnfO{
lhDdf lbg] jf To:tf] sfo{ ;~rfng ug{sf] nflu s]lx ;dosf]
nflu 5'§} k"n ;+:yf –aL|h OlGi6Ro";g_ jf OsfO :yfkgf ug]{,
-u_ ;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yf jf ;f] jfl0fHo a}Í jf
ljQLo ;+:yfsf] s'g} ;xfos sDkgLsf] s'g} jf ;a} sf/f]jf/ jf
;DktL laqmL ug]{,
-3_ ;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] cGo s'g} JolQm jf
;+:yfdf /x]sf] ;DklQ jf xs clwsf/ laqmL ug]{ .
-#_ ljz]if k|zf;g ;d"xnfO{ km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmofdf /x]sf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf
ljlQo ;+:yfsf ;DaGwdf b]xfo adf]lhdsf] cGo clwsf/ ;d]t x'g]5 M–

47
 -s_ km/kmf/vsf] sfd sf/afxL cuf8L a9fpg ljz]if k|zfifg
;d"xn] cfkm'n] cfjZos 7fg]sf sfuhft ;DalGwt JolQmaf6
k]z ug{ nufpg],
-v_ ;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljlQo ;+:yfn] hf/L u/]sf z]o/ jf
cGo pks/0fsf] :jfldTj x:tfGt/0f ug]{ jf ug{ nufpg],
-u_ ;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljlQo ;+:yfsf] lglZrt clwsf/,
;DktL jf bfloTj csf]{ JolQmdf x:tfGt/0f ug]{,
-3_ ;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljlQo ;+:yfn] hf/L u/]sf z]o/ jf
cGo pks/0f vf/]h ug]{,
-ª_ ;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljlQo ;+:yfn] hf/L u/]sf jf To;sf]
s'g} jf ;a} z]o/wgLn] wf/0f u/]sf] z]o/ jf cGo :JfldTj
;DaGwL pks/0f tf]lsP adf]hLdsf] cfwf/df cGo s'g}
JolQmsf] gfddf gfd;f/L ug]{,
-r_ cu|flwsf/ z]o/ jf k"FhL ;DaGwL cGo pks/0f hf/L ug]{,
-5_ ;DaGwLt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljlQo ;+:yfsf] ;DklQ ;+/If0f /
x]/rffx ug{ cfjZos b]lvPsf ;a} sbdx? rfNg] .
-$_ o; bkmf adf]hLd jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] km/kmf/v ;DaGwL sfo{
ubf{ ljz]if k|zf;g ;d"xn] b]xfosf] sfo{ ug{ cfjZos kg]{ 5}g M–
-s_ km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmofdf /x]sf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf
z]o/wlg, lgIf]kstf{ jf ;fx' nufotsf ;fj{hlgs jf lghL
If]qsf s'g} JolQmx?sf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lng,
-v_ o; kl/R5]bdf cGoyf pNn]v ePsf]df afx]s s'g} JolQm, kmd{,
sDkgL jf ;+:yfnfO{ ;"lrt ug{ .
-%_ ljz]if k|zf;g ;d"xn] o; P]g adf]lhdsf] km/kmf/v ;DaGwL sfo{ k|f/De
u/]sf] Ps jif{leq ;DkGg ul/;Sg'kg]{5 .
t/ ljz]if k|zf;g ;d"xn] ul//x]sf km/kmf/v;Fu ;DalGwt s'g} sfo{ tf]lsPsf]
;dodf ;DkGg x'g g;s]df cfjZostf / cf}lrTotfsf] cfwf/df a}Ín] ljz]if k|zf;g
;d"xsf] sfo{fjlw yk ug{ ;Sg]5 .

48
 -^_ ljz]if k|zf;g ;d"xn] ;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] tkm{af6
b]xfosf s'g} jf ;a} sfo{x? ;d]t ug{ ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ lgIf]k ;+sng ug]{ tyf s'g} klg shf{ k|bfg ug]{ afx]s jfl0fHo
a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ul//x]sf cGo sfdsf/aflxnfO{ lg/Gt/tf
k|bfg ug{,
-v_ jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ul/cfPsf s'g} sfdsf/aflx
:ylut jf aGb ug{,
-u_ jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;DklQ lwtf] /flv jf g/flv
shf{ lng,
-3_ jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] bfloTjsf] e'QmfgL /f]Sg jf ;f]
sf nflu ;Ldf lgwf{/0f ug{,
-ª_ jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] nflu cfjZos kbflwsf/L,
sd{rf/L jf Joj;flos ;Nnfxsf nflu lgo'Qm ug{ jf jvf{:t
ug{,
-r_ ljz]if k|zf;g ;d"xn] cfjZos 7fg]sf] ljifodf 5nkmn tyf
lg0f{o ug]{ k|of]hgsf] nflu lgIf]kstf{ tyf ;fx'x?sf] ;ef
af]nfpg,
-5_ jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] gfdaf6 s'g} sfg"gL k|lt/Iff
ug{, jf
-h_ km/kmf/v;Fu ;DalGwt cGo cfjZos sfo{ ug{ jf u/fpg .
-&_ ljz]if k|zf;g ;d"xnfO{ ;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yf tyf ;f]sf
;xfos sDkgLsf] sfof{no, alxvftf, clen]v, ;DklQ tyf ;"rgf k|ljlw k|0ffnL dfly
kx'Fr /fVg] tyf lgoGq0f ug]{ k"0f{ clwsf/ x'g]5 .
-*_ ljz]if k|zf;g ;d"xn] cfˆgf] lgoGq0fdf /x]sf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo
;+:yfsf] k'/} jf d'Vo ;DklQ cGo s'g} jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf ufEg] jf csf]{
s'g} jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;DklQ k|fKt u/L Ps cfk;df ufleg pko'Qm
7f]gdf ;f] ;DaGwdf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd k|:tfj ;lxtsf] lgj]bg a}Ídf k]z ug'{

49
kg]{5 . o;/L k|:tfj ;lxtsf] lgj]]bg k|fKt ePk5L a}Ín] To:tf] lgj]bgnfO{ :jLsf/ jf
c:jLsf/ ug]{ ;DaGwL lg0f{o lng' kg]{5 .
-(_ jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ljlQo l:yltsf cfwf/df pknAw /sddWo]
km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmofdf nfUg] cg'dfgLt vr{ tyf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]hLdsf cGo
vr{sf nflu cfjZos kg]{ ;Sg] /sdsf] ljj/0f tof/ ul/ kl/kSj e};s]sf] lgIf]k
bfloTjsf] e'QmfgL ug{ pknAw x'g ;Sg] /sd dWo]af6 ;f] bfloTj afktsf] /sd
Ps}k6s jf ls:tfaGbLdf lkmtf{ ug]{ jf e'QmfgL ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg' kg]{5 . o;/L
e'QmfgL ubf{ Ps} ju{sf lgIf]kstf{ tyf ;fx'x?nfO{ ;dfg Jojxf/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-!)_ ;DaGwLt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yf pk/ lgIf]kstf{ / ;fx'n] k]z
u/]sf bfaLsf] j}wtf lgwf{/0f, bfaL e'QmfgL, bfoLTj lgwf{/0f tyf uf|xssf] JolQmut
;DktL lkmtf{ ug]{ ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw tf]lsP adf]hLd x'g]5 .
-!!_ k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xn]
jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;DktL laqmL ubf{ tf]lsP adf]lhdsf cfwf/df
Go"gtd d"No lgwf{/0f u/L lnnfd, l;naGbL k|:tfj, jftf{ h:tf Ps jf PseGbf a9L
tl/sfaf6 kf/bzL{ / Jojj;foLs b[li6sf]0f /fvL laqmL ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-!@_ ljz]if k|zf;g ;d"xn] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ljQLo ljj/0f, ;f]
;+:yfsf] ;DktL laqmLsf] of]hgf / ;f] ;DaGwdf cfˆgf] b[li6sf]0f, ;f] ;+:yfsf]
bfloTjsf] k"Jff{g'dfg jf ;f]sf] e'QmfgLsf] tl/sf, ;DkQLsf] jf:tljs x:tfGt/0f /
bfloTjsf] cg'dfg ;lxtsf] ljj/0f tf]lsP adf]hLd ;do ;dodf a}Í ;dIf k]z ug'{
kg]{5 .
-!#_ ljz]if k|zf;g ;d"xn] ;DaGwLt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] gofF
z]o/ hf/L ug{, ;DkQL laqmL ug{, lwtf]klqs/0f -;]So"l/6fOh]zg_ sf] nfuL ;DkQL
Plss[t ug{, bfloTjsf] k"jf{g'dfg ug]{ Joj:yf ug{ jf To:tf sfo{x?sf] Joj:yfkg ug{
cfjZos 7fg]df k|rlnt sfg"g adf]hLd ;DkQL Joj:yfkg ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{ :yfkLt
s'g} lgsfo jf sDkgLnfO{ ;f] sfo{ ug]{ lhDdf lbg ;Sg]5 . To:tf lgsfo jf
sDkgLnfO{ ;DaGfwLt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] lgliqmo shf{, d"NofÍg ug{
sl7g ;DkQL tyf bfloTj laqmL ug]{ clwsf/ ;d]t x:tfGt/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .

50
**3= km/kmf/vsf] cjlwe/ clwsf/ :jtM lgnDag x'g] M -!_ km/kmf/vsf] k|s[ofdf /x]sf]
jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;+rfns, k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t / cGo kbflwsf/Lsf]
clwsf/ km/kmf/vsf] cjlwe/ :jtM lgnDag x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ljz]if k|zf;g ;d'xn]
tf]s]sf sfo{x? ug{sf] nflu ;DalGwt afl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;~rfns, k|d'v
sfo{sf/L clws[t tyf cGo kbflwsf/Lx?dWo ;a} jf s;}sf] lgnDag km's'jf u/L
km/kmf/v ;DaGwL sfddf v6fpg ;Sg]5 .
-#_ ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xn] pkbkmf -@_ adf]hLd sfddf vl6g lbPsf] lgb]{zgsf]
kfngf gug]{ JolQmnfO{ s'g} JolQmnfO{ s'g} klg ;dodf avf{:t ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ adf]hLd avf{:t ePsf] JolQmn] To:tf] a}Í jf ljlQo
;+:yfaf6 s'g} kfl/>dLs tyf ;'ljwf kfpg] 5}g .
**ª= km/kmf/v ;DaGwL sfo{sf] ;"rgf / btf{ M -!_ ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xn] km/kmf/v ;DaGwL
sfo{ k|f/De u/]sf] b'O{ lbgleq b]xfosf] ljj/0f ;lxtsf] ;"rgf ;DaGwLt jfl0fHo a}Í
jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] k|To]s sfof{nonfO{ lbg' kg]{5 M–
-s_ ;DaGwLt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ cfkm'n] lgoGt/0fdf
lnO{ sfd z'? u/]sf] ldlt / ;do,
-v_ ;DaGwLt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] cfly{s sf/f]af/ ug]{
jf ;f]sf] Joj:yfkg ug]{ jf ;f] ;DaGwL lgb]{zg lbg] ;fljssf]
clVtof/ k|fKt JolQmsf] clVtof/L tyf lhDd]jf/L vf/]h
ul/Psf] Joxf]/f,
-u_ lgIf]kstf{n] ;DaGwLt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf /x]sf]
cfˆgf] bfaL k|:t't ug]{ tl/sf, ;do / :yfg,
-3_ lgIf]kstf{n aLdf / ;'/If0f ePsf] cfˆgf] lgIf]k lkmtf{ kfpg]
tl/sf, ;do / :yfg,
-ª_ ;'/lIft ;fx'n] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 k|fKt ug'{kg]{
bfaL k|:t't ug]{ tl/sf, ;do / :yfg .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]hLdsf ljj/0f ;lxtsf] ;"rgf ;DaGwLt jfl0fHo a}Í jf
ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;/f]sf/jfnfn] hfgsf/L k|fKt ug]{ u/L ;fj{hlgs ?kdf k|sfzg ug{'

51
 kg]{5 . o:tf] ;"rgfnfO{ k|To]s xKtf k|sfzg x'g] u/L rf/ xKtf;Dd /fli6«o b}lgs
klqsfdf ;d]t k|sfzg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xn] ;DaGwLt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yf km/kmf/vsf]
k|lqmofdf uPsf] cj:yf / ;f] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] clVtof/ k|fKt clwsf/L
tyf lghsf] clVtof/Ldf ePsf] kl/jt{g ;DaGwL hfgsf/L a}Í, sDkgL /lhi6f«/sf]
sfof{no, ;DaGwLt lwtf]kq ljlgd]o ahf/ / k|rlnt sfg"g adf]hLd lgIf]k ;'/If0f
ug{ :yfkLt ;+:yf / cGo ;DaGwLt lgsfodf ;d]t clen]vsf nfuL k7fpg' kg]{5 .
**= gofF jf r;nft tof/ ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xn] bkmf **s= adf]hLd
km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmofdf uPsf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] jf:tljs ljlQo l:ylt
b]lvg] u/L b]xfosf cfwf/df gofF jf;nft tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ ;DkQLsf] v'b k|fKt x'g] d"Nosf] cfwf/df,
-v_ bkmf **em= adf]hLd k|fyfldstfsf cffwf/df ljt/0f ug'{ kg]{
bfloTjsf] d"NonfO{ ;d]t ;dfof]hg u/]/ .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]hLd gofF jf;nft tof/ ubf{ bfloTj lgwf{/0f ug]{ tl/sf
tf]lsP adf]hLd x'g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]hLd tof/ ul/Psf] jf;nft / ;f] ;DaGfwL lj:t[t
ljj/0f a}Í ;dIf tf]lsP adf]hLd k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
**5= jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ljQLo l:ytL ;'wf/sf] nfuL l;kmfl/; ug{ ;Sg]M -!_
o; kl/R5]b adf]hLd s'g} jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;DaGwdf z'? ePsf]
km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmof ;DkGg ubf{ ;du| ljlQo :yfloTj jf k|0ffnLdf gsf/fTds c;/
kg]{ b]lvPdf ljz]if k|zfifgn] ;f]lx Joxf]/f pNn]v u/L ;f] cj:yf ;d]t ;dfj]z u/L
eljiodf rfNg' kg]{ sbd ;lxtsf] k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L a}Í ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]hLdsf] k|ltj]bg k|fKt ePk5L a}Ín] To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf
ljQLo ;+:yfsf] km/kmf/v ubf{ ;du| ljQLo :yfloTj jf k|0ffnLdf gsf/fTds c;/
kg]{ b]lvg cfPdf / g]kfn ;/sf/n] To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf nufgL
u/]df ljlQo l:ylt ;'wf/ x'g ;Sg] cj:yf b]lvPdf a}Ín] cfˆgf] /fo ;lxt ;f]lx
Joxf]/f g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf l;kmfl/; ug{{]5 .

52
 -#_ pkbkmf -@_ adf]hLd a}Ísf] l;kmfl/;df g]kfn ;/sf/n] s'g} jfl0fHo a}Í
jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf nufgL u/L To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ljQLo l:ylt
;''wf/ ePdf ;'wf/ ePsf] ldltn] a9Ldf kfFr jif{leq af]nsaf]nsf] dfWod2f/f g]kfn
;/sf/n] cfˆgf] nufgL ePsf] /sd lghL If]qnfO{ laqmL u/L p7fpg' kg]{5 .
**h= k'n ;+:yf – a|Lh OlGi6Ro";g_ jf PsfO{ :yfkgf ug{ ;lsg] M -!_ bkmf **u= sf]
pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 –v_ adf]hLd k'n ;+:yf jf PsfO{ :yfkgf u/L jf tfsL
km/kmf/v ;DaGwL sfo{ ;~rfng ug{ pko'Qm x'g] b]lvPdf ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xn] a}Í
;dIf cg'/f]w ug{ ;Sg]5 . To:tf] cg'/f]w dgfl;a b]lvPdf a}Ín] To:tf] k'n ;+:yf
jf PsfO{ :yfkgf u/L jf tfsL km/kmf/v ;DaGwL sfo{ ug{ cg'dtL lbg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]hLd :yfkLt ;+:yf jf PsfO{nfO{ ;DaGwLt jfl0fHo a}Í jf
ljQLo ;+:yfsf] clwsf/, bfloTj, ;DkQL tyf To:tf] ;+:yfn] k|fKt u/]sf] s'g} e'QmfgL,
;dfzf]wg jf km5\of}{6 k|0ffnLsf] ;b:otf ;d]t /x]sf] dflgg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd :yflkt jfl0fHo ;+:yf jf PsfO{sf z]o/wgL, ;fx' jf
s'g} cGo JolQmnfO{ ;DaGwLt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;DkQL jf clwsf/df
s'g} lsl;dsf] clwsf/ x'g] 5}g .
-$_ k'n ;+:yf jf PsfO{sf] sfd, st{Jo / clwsf/ tyf To:tf] ;+:yf jf
PsfO{sf kbfwLsf/Lln] kfpg] kfl/>dLs / ;'ljwf a}Ín] tf]s] adf]hLd x'g]5 .
-%_ k'n ;+:yf jf PsfO{ jf cGo s'g} ;+:yf ;DaGwLt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo
;+:yfsf] ;DkQL tyf bfloTj x:tfGt/0f ug{sf nflu b]xfosf] s'g} s'/f cfjZos kg]{
5}gM–
-s_ ;fx' jf s'g} ;Da2 kIfsf] ;xdlt lng,
-v_ k|rlnt sDkgL tyf lwtf]kq ;DaGwL sfg"gn] tf]s]sf] k|lqmof
k"/f ug{, jf
-u_ ;DaGwLt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yf kIf /x]sf] s'g} s/f/df
tf]lsPsf] k|lqmof k"/f ug{ .
**em= e'QmfgLsf] k|fyfdLstfqmd M -!_ km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmofdf /x]sf] ;DaGwLt jfl0fHo a}Í jf
ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;DkQL lalqmaf6 k|fKt /sd lgIf]kstf{, ;fx' / ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xn]

53
d"Nof+sg u/L e'QmfgL ug'} kg]{ b]lvPsf cGo JolQmx?nfO{ e'QmfgL ug]{ tyf /sd
5'\6\ofpg] sfo{ b]xfo adf]hLdsf] k|fyfldstfsf cfwf/df ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ o; P]gsf] Joj:yfsf] sfof{Gjogsf nflu a}Í tyf ljz]if
k|zfifg ;d"xn] u/]sf vr{, sd{rf/Lsf] kfl/>dLs / ;'ljwf
afktsf] vr{, ;f] ;DaGwdf sfddf nufOPsf k]zfut
Joj;foLsf] z'Ns tyf cGo ;Da2 vr{ nufot km/kmf/vsf]
k|lqmofdf u/]sf] cfjZos vr{,
-v_ lgIf]kstf{sf] s'n :jLs[t bfaL /sdsf] ;Ldfdf ga9\g\ u/L
k|rlnt sfg"g adf]hLd ePsf lgIf]k aLDff ;'/If0f ;Ddsf]
/sd jf To:Tff] lgIfk /sd sfg"g adf]hLd :yfkgf ePsf]
lgIf]k aLdf ;'/If0f ug]{ ;+:yfn] lgIf]kstf{nfO{ e'QmfgL u/]sf]
eP ;f] a/fa/sf] /sd,
-u_ v08 -v_ adf]hLd e'QmfgL eO{ afFsL x'g cfPsf] lgIf]k,
-3_ sfg"g adf]hLd ;'/lIft ;fx'sf] ?kdf dfGotf k|fKt JolQmx?sf]
:jLs[t bfaL .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df plNnlvt qmd cg';f/ e'QmfgL ubf{ s'g} ju{sf] :jLs[t
bfaLsf] /sd e'QmfgL ug{ ckof{Kt ePdf ;dfg ju{sf bfaLstf{x?nfO{ ;dfg'kflts
?kdf /sd ljj/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ lgIf]kstf{ jf ;'/lIft ;fx'x?nfO{ bfaLsf] e'QmfgL ubf{ /fli6«otf,
a;f]af;sf] :yfg jf If]qflwsf/ h:tf s'g} klg cfwf/df e]befj gu/L ;dfg ?kn]
e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{5 .
-$_ ;dod} bfaL k]z ug]{ ;'/lIft ;fx'x?sf] :jLs[t bfaL ;'/If0fdf /x]sf]
;DkQLsf] laqmLaf6 k|fKt /sdn] vfd];Dd klxnf] k|fyfldstfdf /fvL e'QmfgL ug'{
kg]{5 . To:tf] ;'/If0fn] gvfd]sf] bfaL cGo ;fx'x?sf] bfaL ;/x x'g]5 .
-%_ bkmf **7= sf] pkbkmf -$_ adf]hLd l;h{gf x'g ;Sg] cfly{s Ifltk"lt{
;DaGwL bfloTj axg ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xn] To:tf] ;DaGwLt
jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;DkQL laqmLaf6 k|fKt ePsf] /sdsf] b'O{ k|ltzt
/sd 5'§} vftf v8f u/L hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 .

54
 -^_ lgIf]kstf{ tyf ;'/lIft ;fx'x?nfO{ e'QmfgL u/L pkbkmf -%_ adf]hLd
/sd 5'6\ofOokl5 afFsL x'g cfpg] /sd k|rlnt sfg"g adf]hLd ltg'{ a'emfpg' kg]{
s/, b:t'/, z'Ns ;f] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] cGo ;fx' jf :jLs[t bfaLstf{x?
tyf z]o/wgL jf cGo k|sf/n] :JfldTj u|x0f u/]sf JolQmx?nfO{ bkmf **0f= sf]
pkbkmf -#_ adf]hLd lgo'Qm lnlSj8]6/n] k|rlnt sfg"g adf]hLd tf]lsPsf]
k|fyfldstfsf cffwf/df ;dfg'kflts ?kdf ljt/0f ug'{ kg]{5 .
**`= ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xn] a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yf lgoGt0fd lnPkl5sf] c;/ M -!_ ljz]if
k|zfifg ;d"xn] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yf cfˆgf] lgoGt0fsf lnPkl5 bkmf **em=
adf]hLd e'QmfgL k|fKt ug{ g;Sg] ;f] ;+:yfsf lgIf]kstf{ tyf ;fx'x?sf] bfaL / s'g}
n]gfsf] ;DaGwdf pQm ;+:yfsf] ;DkQL dflysf] clwsf/ sfod ug]{ s'g} klg sfo{
:jtM :yug x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg ;dfzf]fwg, e'QmfgL /
km5\of}}{6 k|0ffnLdf ;nUg JolQm;Fusf] sf/f]af/ tyf ;DkQL x:tfGt/0f ;DaGfwL sfo{
/ km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmof;+u ;DalGwt gePsf sfd s'/fx? :yug ePsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-#_ jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmofdf n}hfg] k|of]hgsf]
nflu ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"x u7g x'g'eGbf 5 dlxgf cufj} To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo
;+:yf pk/ s'g} bfloTj jf ;'/If0fsf] clwsf/ l;h{gf ePsf]df afx]s To:tf] jfl0fHo
a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] s'g} ;DkQL, bfloTj jf ;'/If0f pk/ s;}sf] clwsf/ l;h{{gf
ePsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-$_ pkbkmf -#_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmof
rln/x]sf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;DkQLdfly ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xn] l;h{gf
u/]sf] s'g} k|sf/sf] bfloTj jf ;'/If0fnfO{ afwf k'¥ofPsf] dflgg] 5}g .
-%_ ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"x u7g ePkl5 ;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo
;+:yfsf] z]o/wgL jf cGo s'g} k|sf/sf] :JffldTj /x]sf JolQmsf] ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/
km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmof ;dfKt geP;Dd :jtM lgliqmo x'g]5 .
-^_ ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"x u7g eO{ km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmofdf /x]sf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf
ljQLo ;+:yfsf] xsdf lwtf]kq ;DaGwL k|rlnt sfg"gdf /x]sf Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .

55
**6= km/kmf/v ;DaGwL sf/afxL k|f/De x'g'eGbf klxn]sf sf/afxL lglilqmo x'g] M -!_ ljz]if
k|zfifg ;d"xn] b]xfosf] cj:yfdf jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;DkQLdf k|efj
kfg]{ sf/f]af/ jf t];|f] kIf;Fu ;DaGwLt x:tfGt/0fnfO{ lgliqmo ug{ ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmof z'? x'g' cufj} ;DaGwLt jfl0fHo a}Í jf
ljQLo ;+:yfsf lgIf]kstf{ jf ;fx'sf] lxt ljk/Lt x'g] u/L
u/]sf sf/f]jf/ jf ;Demf}tfx?,
-v_ km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmof z'? ePsf] ldltn] kfFr jif{ cufl8;Dd s'g}
z]o/wgL, ;~frfns, kbfwLsf/L jf ltgsf gft]bf/x?nfO{
jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] lagf d"No u/]sf s'g} klg
x:tfGt/0fx?,
-u_ km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmof z'? ePsf] ldltn] tLg jif{ cufl8;Dd s'g}
t;|f] kIfnfO{ jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] lagf d"No u/]sf
s'g} klg x:tfGt/0fx?,
-3_ km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmof z'? ePsf] ldltn] tLg jif{ cufl8;Dd
jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] t'ngfTds ?kdf sd k|ltkmn
k|fKt ug]{ jf csf]{ kIfnfO{ a9L k|ltkmn lbg] lsl;dn] ;DkGg
u/]sf sf/f]jf/x?,
-ª_ km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmof z'? ePsf] ldltn] kfFr jif{ cufl8;Dd
jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf lgIf]kstf{sf] lxt ljk/Lt x'g]
jf clwsf/ xgg\ x'g] u/L ul/Psf] s'g} sfo{,
-r_ km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmof z'? ePsf] ldltn] 5 dlxgf cufl8;Dd
;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] e'QmfgL ug'{ kg]{ shf{
afkt s'g} JolQmnfO{ kmfO{bf k'¥ofpg] p2]Zon] jf vf/]hLsf]
k|lqmofdf ;fx'n] k|fKt ug]{ /sd a9fpg] p2]Zon] lghsf] gfddf
ePsf] ;DkQL x:tfGt/0f .
t/ k|lt lgIf]k ladf / ;'/If0fn] vfd];Ddsf] /sd
ggf3\g] u/L ul/Psf] lgIf]k afktsf] e'QmgLsf ;DaGwdf of]
v08sf] Joj:Yff cfslif{t x'g] 5}g .

56
 -@_ ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xn] km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmof z'? ePsf] ldltnn] Ps jif{
cufl8;Dd jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns , kbflwsf/L jf lghsf glhssf]
gft]bf/;Fu ;++:yfsf] lgIf]kstf{ tyf ;fx'sf] lxt ljk/Lt x'g] u/L ul/Psf sf/f]af/ ab/
ug{ jf ltgLx?af6 ;f] afktsf] /sd c;"n ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ / -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] ePsf] tfklg ;DalGwt
jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfˆgf] ;fdfGo sf/f]jf/sf] l;nl;nfdf u/]sf jf plrt
/ kof{Kt d"No cfbfg k|bfg ePsf jf To:tf] ;+:yf km/kmf/vdf hfg' cufl8;Dd
e'QmfgL gePsf sf/f]jf/nfO{ ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xn] ab/ ug]{ 5}g .
-$_ pkbkmf -!_ / -@_ adf]hLd ab/ ul/Psf sf/f]jf/ jf x:tfGt/0faf6
;DkQL k|fKt ug]{ JolQmn] To:tf] ;DkQL cljnDj lkmtf{ ug'{ kg]{5 . ;DkQL k|fKt ug]{
JolQm;Fu To:tf] ;DkQL g/x]sf] cj:yfdf ;f] ;DkQLsf] d"No a/fa/sf] /sd ;DalGwt
jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf hDdf ug'{ kg]{5 . s'g} unt dg;fon] To:tf] sf/f]jf/
ug]{ tyf sf/f]jf/ ab/ ePk5L ;DkQL jf ;f] a/fa/sf] d"No ;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}Í jf
ljQLo ;+:yfdf cljnDj lkmtf{ gug]{ JolQmsf] xsdf lgh pk/ ;'/lIft ;fx' ;/x bfaL
sfod /xg]5 .
-%_ ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xn] km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmof ;~rfng ubf{ s'g} klg
lsl;dsf] rn crn ;DkQL jf xs x:tfGt/0f ug{ ;DalGwt lgsfonfO{ n]lv k7fpg
;Sg]5 . o;/L ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xn] n]lv k7fPsf]df ;DalGwt lgsfon] To:tf] rn
crn ;DkQL jf xs ;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] gfddf bflvnf vf/]h
jf x:tfGt/0f ul/lbg' kg]{5 .
-^_ ljz]if k|zf;g ;d"xn] km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmof ;~rfng ubf{ s'g} klg
lsl;dsf] rn crn ;DklQ jf xs x:tfGt/0f ug{ ;DalGwt lgsfonfO{ n]vL k7fpg
;Sg]5 . o;/L ljz]if k|zf;g ;d"xn] n]vL k7fPsf]df ;DalGwt lgsfon] To:tf] rn
crn ;DklQ jf xs ;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}+Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] gfddf bflvn vf/]h
jf x:tfGt/0f ul/lbg' kg]{5 .
-&_ s'g} jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf km/kmf/vsf] nfuL ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"x
u7g eO{ k|lqmofdf /x]sf] cj:yfdf s;}n] ;f] cufj} k|bfg u/]sf ljw't, kfgL
6]lnkmf]g, 3/hUuf, ;jf/L ;fwg h:tf cGo j:t' tyf ;]jf afktsf] /sd k|fKt

57
 gu/]sf] sf/0fn] dfq To:tf] j:t' tyf ;]jf aGb ug{ u/fpg xFb}g . To;/L k|fKt j:g'
tyf ;]jfsf] e'QmfgLsf] xsdf ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xn] km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmofdf hfg' cl3
sfod /x]sf] jSof}tf /sd ;DalGwt ;]jf k|bfosnfo{ e'QmfgL ug]{ kg]{5 .
**7= km/kmf/v ;DaGwL cGo Joj:yf M -!_ k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP
tfklg km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmofdf /x]sf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yf;Fu ;DaGwdf o;}
P]g adf]hLd x'g]5 .
-@_ ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xsf] kxFr / lgoGt/0fsf] clwsf/df s;}n] afwf cj/f]w,
bvn jf x:tIfk ug'{ u/fpg' x'Fb}g . s;}n] To:tf] sfo{ u/] u/fPdf ljz]if k|zfifg
;d"xn] ;DalGwt k|zfifg jf k|x/LnfO{ cfjZos ;xof]usf] nfuL cg'/f]w ug{ ;Sg]5 .
To;/L cg'/f]w eO{ cfPdf ;DalGwt lgsfon] cfjZos ;'/Iffsf] Joj:Yff u/L To:tf]
jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sfof{no, ;DkQL, clen]v, alxvftf / ;"rgf k|ljlw
k|0ffnL dfyL ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xsf] kx'Fr / lgoGt/0f sfod ug{ ;xof]u ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ o; kl/R5]b adf]hLd ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"x jf a}Ín] u/]sf] sfd sf/afxLdf
dsf{ kg]{ s'g} kIfn] Ifltk"lt{sf] nfuL ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xn] a}Ídf k|ltj]bg k]z u/]sf]
jf s'g} sf/0fn] ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"x lj36g ePsf]df lj36g ePsf] ldltn] ;f7L
lbgleq cbfnt ;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .
-$_ cbfntn] b]xfosf] cj:Yffdf dsf{ kg]{ kIfnfO{ dgfl;j dflkmssf] cfly{s
Ifltk"lt{ e/fO{ lbg ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ km/kmf/vsf] qmddf clwsf/ If]q gf3L u/]sf] s'g} sfd sf/afxL
ePsf]df,
-v_ o; P]g adf]hLd km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmof k"/f gu/]sf]df,
-u_ km/kmf/vsf] sf/afxL ubf{ kof{Kt cfwf/ / sf/0f ljgf
u/]sf]df .
-%_ ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xn] o; P]g o; P]g adf]hLd cfkm"nfO{ k|fKt clwsf/sf]
k|of]u ubf{ kf/bzL{ Pj+ Gofof]lrt tj/n] ;DalGwt lgIf]kstf{ tyf cGo bfaLstf{sf]
lxt x'g] u/L ug'{ kg]{5 .

58
 -^_ km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmofsf] l;nl;nfdf a}Í jf ljz]if k|zf;g ;d"xsf]
k|ltlglwTj ug]{ jf lghnfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ JolQmn] k|fKt ug]{ kfl/>lds tyf ;'ljwf
a}Ín] lgwf{/0f u/] adf]hLd x'g]5 .
-&_ km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmofnfO{ ;xof]u k'Ug] u/L a}Í jf ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xsf]
lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ug]{ l;nl;nfdf ;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;~rfns
tyf kbflwsf/Ln] u/]sf] s'g} sfo{sf lj?2df s'g} lgIf]kstf{, z]o/wgL jf ;fx'n] s'g}
lsl;dsf] d'2f dfldnf ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
-*_ k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg a}Ín] s'g} jfl0fHo a}Í
jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] km/kmf/v k|lqmofsf] ;DaGwdf ;f] ;+:yf;Fu ;DalGwt ;"rgf Pj+
ljj/0fx? s'g} ;/sf/L jf lghL If]qsf] s'g} JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfaft k|fKt
ug{ ;Sg]5 . a}Ín] cfb]z lbPdf s'g} jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] d'Vo
Joj:yfksLo ;"rgf, k|ljlw /xg] :yfg tyf ;f] ;+:yfn] ug]{ ;+j]bgzLn Pj+ d'Vo sfo{
;lxtsf] ljj/0f a}Í ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . To;/L a}Ín] dfu]sf] s'g} klg ;"rgf k|bfg
ug'{ ;DalGwt JolQm, kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfsf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
**8= km/kmf/v ;DaGwL sfo{sf] clGtd ljj/0f k]z ug'{ kg]{ M -!_ ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xn]
km/kmf/v ;DaGwL sfo{ ;DkGg u/]kl5 jf To:tf] ;d"xsf] Dofb ;dfKt ePk5L jf
s'g} sf/0fn] ;f] ;d"x lj36g ePsf] kGw| lbgleq lghn] cfkm'n] ;DkGg u/]sf] sfd
sf/afxL Pj+ ;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] cfDbfgL / vr{sf] ljj/0f,
ljQLo sf/f]jf/sf] >f]t Pj+ ;f]sf] pkof]u ;DaGwL ljj/0f nufot afFsL ;DkQL /
bfloTjsf] ljj/0f tof/ u/L k/LIf0f u/fO{ ;f] ;d]t ;dfj]z ul/Psf] k|ltj]bg a}Í
;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 . To:tf] k|ltj]bgdf ;f] ;+:yfsf ;Gbe{df eljiodf a}Ín] rfNg'
kg]{ sbdx?sf] ;DaGwdf cfjZos ;'emfj ;d]t ;dfj]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]hLd k|ltj]bg k|fKt ePkl5 a}Ín] ;f] k|ltj]bgdf plNnlvt
;'emfj ;d]tnfO{ ljrf/ u/L bkmf **5 adf]hLd pQm jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf]
;~rfngsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg] jf bkmf **0f= adf]hLd vf/]hLsf] nflu cbfbtdf
lgj]bg lbg] ljifodf cfjZos lg0f{o ug'{ kg]{5 .
**9= kf/:kl/s ;xof]usf] cfbfg k|bfg ug]{ M -!_ ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xnn] a}Ísf] k"j{ :jLs[t
lnO{ s'g} jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpg]

59
 l;nl;nfdf ljb]zL d'n'ssf] ;DalGwt lgsfo;Fu cfjZostf cg';f/ ;xof]usf nfuL
cg'/f]w ug{ ;SG]5 .
-@_ ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xnn] s'g} jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] km/kmf/vsf]
k|lqmofsf ;DaGwdf a}Ísf] k"j{ :jLs[t lnO{ csf]{ d'n'sdf eO/x]sf] sf/afxLnfO{
kf/:kl/stfsf] cfwf/df ;xof]u ug{ jf csf]{ d'n'ssf] clwsf/ k|fKt lgsfon]
ul//x]sf] sfd sf/afxLnfO{ dfGotf k|bfg ug]{ u/L cfjZos sf/axL cuf8L a9fpg
;Sg]5 . o:tf] ;xof]u ubf{ jf sfd sf/afxLnfO{ dfGotf k|bfg ubf{ bfaLstf{x?nfO{
;dfg Jojxf/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-#_ uf]klgotf sfod ug{' kg]{ tyf ;+j]bglzn tYofÍx?sf] ;'/Iff ug'{ kg]{
cj:yfdf afx]s ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xn] km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmofdf /x]sf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf
ljQLo ;+:yfsf] n]gf c;"nL, km/kmf/v of]hgf cflbsf ljifodf a}Ísf] k"j{ :jLs[t lnO{
ljb]zL d'n'ssf] ;DalGwt lgofo;+u ;"rgf cfbfg k|fbfg ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
-$_ g]kfndf :yflkt eO{ ljb]zdf ;d]t zfvf jf sfof{no /x]sf] jfl0fHo a}+Í
jf ljQLo ;+:yf jf ljb]zL d'n'sdf :yfkgf eO{ g]kfndf zfvf jf sfof{no /x]sf] s'g}
jfl0fHo a}+Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] km/kmf/vsf ;DaGwdf a}Í tyf lgIf]k aLdf ;'/If0f
ug]{ ;+:yfn] ;d]t Ps cfk;df ;dGjo / ;xof]u cfbfg k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
-%_ a}Í tyf lgIf]k ladf ;'/If0f ug]{ ;+:yfn] ljb]zL d'n'ssf ;DalGwt
lgsfon] ul//x]sf] km/kmf/v tyf ;f]sf] of]hgfsf ;DaGwdf cfk;L ;Demf}tf u/L
km/kmf/vdf k/]sf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;DaGwdf k|efj kfg]{ s'g} 36gf jf
;d:ofsf] af/]df s'g} hfgsf/L jf ;xof]u dfu u/]sf]df To:tf] hfgsf/L jf ;xof]u
cfbfg k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
-^_ o; bkmf adf]hLd kf/:kl/stfsf] cfwf/df ljb]zL d'n'ssf] s]lGb|o a}Í,
jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yf jf lgIf]k aLdf ;'/If0f ug]{ ;+:yf;Fu s'g} ;xof]u lng'kbf{
jf ;dGjo ug'{kbf{ ;/sf/L :t/af6} To:tf] ;xof]u tyf ;dGjo cfjZos k/]df ;f]
;DaGwdf cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfO{ lbg a}Ín] g]kfn ;/sf/;dIf l;kmfl/; ug]{5 .
**0f= vf/]hLsf] nflu lgj]bg lbg ;Sg] M -!_ a}Ín] s''g} klg jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf
;DaGwdf z'? u/]sf] km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmof ;dfKt ePdf jf cGo s'g} sf/0fn] ;f]
k|lqmof ;DkGg gx'Fb} ;f] ;DaGwdf ljz]if k|zfifg ;d"xn] lbPsf] ;'emfj jf cGo

60
 cfwf/df ;d]t To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yf /fd|f];Fu ;~rfng x'g g;Sg] eGg]
s'/fdf a}Í ljZj:t ePdf To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ vf/]h ug{sf nflu
cbfnt ;dIf lgj]bg lbg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]hLd a}Ín] vf/]hLsf] nflu lgj]bg lbPsf]df To:tf] jfl0fHo
a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] vf/]hLsf] ;DaGwdf bfdf;fxL ;DaGwL P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf !)
sf] pkbkmf -#_ / bkmf !# nfu" x'g] 5}g .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]hLd a}Ín] lgj]bg lbPsf]df To:tf] jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo
;+:yf vf/]hLsf] nfuL cbfntn] lnlSj8]6/ lgo'Qm ug]{ cfb]z lbg ;Sg]5 .

kl/R5]b–!)
jf;nft, n]vf k/LIf0f tyf k|ltj]bg
*(= cfly{s jif{ M a}°sf] cfly{s jif{ g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cfly{s jif{ ;/x x'g]5 .
()= n]vf k|0ffnL M a}°n] cGt/f{li6«o k|rng cg';f/sf] n]vf k|0ffnL cg'?k sf/f]af/ / ljQLo
cj:yf :ki6 b]lvg] u/L cfkmgf]] lx;fa lstfa b'?:t /fVg' kg]{5 .

(!= jflif{s k|ltj]bg M -!_ a}°n] jf;nft, cfo Joo / ;f] ;+u ;DalGwt ljj/0f ;d]t v'nfO{
k|To]s cfly{s jif{sf] nflu jflif{s k|ltj]bg tof/ ug'{ kg]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] jflif{s k|ltj]bg a}°n] k|To]s cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf]
ldltn] rf/ dlxgfleq g]kfn ;/sf/df k]z ug]{5 .
(@= n]vfk/LIf0f M -!_ a}°sf] n]vf k/LIf0f dxfn]vf k/LIfsn] ug]{5 .
-@_ ;ldltn] rfx]df a}°sf] cfGtl/s n]vfk/LIf0f afx\o n]vf k/LIfsaf6 klg u/fpg
;Sg]5 . To:tf] n]vfk/LIf0f u/fpFbf cGt/f{li6«o k|rng cg';f/sf] n]vf k|0ffnL cg'?k
u/fOg] 5 .
(#= g]kfn ;/sf/df k|ltj]bg k]z ug]{ M-!_ a}°n] k|To]s cfly{s jif{ ;dfKt ePsf] ldltn] rf/
dlxgfleq b]xfosf k|ltj]bgx? g]kfn ;/sf/ ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bg .
-v_ cfkmgf]] sfd sf/afxL af/]sf] k|ltj]bg .
-u_ cfly{s tyf ljQLo cj:yf af/]sf] k|ltj]bg .
-@_ a}°n] k|To]s dlxgf ;dfKt ePsf] kGw| lbgleq cfkmgf]] dfl;s jf;nft tof/
u/L k|sfzg ug]{5 .

61
($= df}lb|s gLlt ;DaGwL k|ltj]bg M a}°n] k|To]s jif{ df}lb|s gLlt ;DaGwL k|ltj]bg ;fj{hlgs
hfgsf/Lsf] nflu k|sfzg ug]{5 . o;/L k|sfzg ul/g] k|ltj]bgdf b]xfosf s'/fx? ;dfj]z
x'g' kg]{5 M–
-s_ a}°n] cl3Nnf] jif{ cjnDag tyf nfu" u/]sf] df}lb|s gLltsf]
l;+xfjnf]sg / d"Nof+sg .
-v_ a}°n] cfufdL jif{ cjnDag tyf nfu" ug]{ df}lb|s gLltsf] cf}lrTo /
;f] sf] ljj]rgf .

kl/R5]b–!!
s;"/, b08 ;hfo / sf/afxL
(%= o; P]g adf]lhd s;"/ u/]sf] dflgg] M -!_ s;}n] of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod
jf ljlgod jf ;f] cGtu{t hf/L ul/Psf] cfb]z jf lgb]{zg ljk/Lt x'g]u/L lgIf]k lnPdf jf
shf{ lbPdf jf l8j]Gr/ jf cGo ljQLo pks/0f hf/L u/]df jf a}°n] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] gLlt
ljk/Lt Aofh lng' jf lbg' u/]df jf =================, ljb]zL ljlgdo sf/f]af/ u/]df jf
To:tf sfo{df ;+nUg ePdf jf k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd a}Íaf6 Ohfhtkq lng' kg]{df ;f]
glnO{ To:tf] sf/f]af/ u/]df jf kl/R5]b – (s= adf]lhdsf] km/kmf/vsf] k|lqmofdf afwf
k'¥ofPdf o; P]g adf]lhd s;"/ u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ df n]lvP b]lv afx]s s;}n] of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf]
lgod jf ljlgod jf ;f] cGtu{t hf/L ul/Psf] cfb]z jf lgb]{zg kfngf gu/]df ;d]t
lghn] o; P]g adf]lhd s;"/ u/]sf] dflgg]5 .

(^= b08 ;hfo M -!_ bkmf (% sf] pkbkmf -!_ jf -@_ adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug]{ JolQmnfO{ pQm
s;"/;+u ;DalGwt lauf] hkmt u/L lauf]sf] tLg u'0ff;Dd hl/afgf jf ;ft jif{;Dd s}b
jf b'j} ;hfo x'g]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lauf] hkmt u/L lauf] sfod ug{ g;lsg] cj:yf ePsf]df
s;"/sf] dfqf x]/L a9Ldf bz nfv ?k}ofF;Dd hl/afgf jf tLg jif{;Dd s}b jf b'j} ;hfo
x'g]5 .


bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

s]xL g]kfn sfg"gnfO{ ;+zf]wg, PsLs/0f, ;dfof]hg / vf/]h ug]{ P]g, @)&$ åf/f lemlsPsf] .

bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

s]xL g]kfn sfg"gnfO{ ;+zf]wg, PsLs/0f, ;dfof]hg / vf/]h ug]{ P]g, @)&$ åf/f ;+zf]lwt .

62
 -#_ bkmf (% adf]lhdsf] s;"/ s'g} kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfn] u/]sf]df pkbkmf -!_ jf
-@_ adf]lhdsf] ;hfo pQm kmd{, sDkgL jf ;+:yfsf] s;"/ ug]{ kbflwsf/LnfO{ x'g]5 .
-$_ bkmf (% adf]lhdsf] s;"/ ug{ pBf]u ug]{ JolQm jf To:tf] s;"/ ug{ ck|ToIf
?kdf ;+nUg ePsf jf To:tf] s;"/ ug{ ;3fp k'¥ofpg] JolQm jf ;DalGwt kmd{, sDkgL jf
;+:yfsf] ck/fw ug{ ;3fp k'¥ofpg] kbflwsf/LnfO{ d'Vo cf/f]lkt JolQmnfO{ tf]lsPsf]
;hfosf] cfwf;Dd ;hfo x'g]5 .
(&= g]kfn ;/sf/ afbL x'g] M bkmf (% df plNnlvt s;"/ ;DaGwL d'2f g]kfn ;/sf/ afbL eO{
bfo/ ul/g]5 / To:tf] d'2f ;/sf/L d'2f ;DaGwL P]g, @)$( sf] cg";'rL–! df ;dfj]z
ePsf] dflgg]5 .
(*= a}°n] hfgsf/L lbg] M bkmf (% df plNnlvt s;"/ s;}n] u/]sf] hfgsf/L s'g} dfWodaf6
a}°nfO{ x'g cfPdf a}°n] cfjZos sf/afxLsf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/ jf ;DalGwt lgsfodf
n]vL k7fpg]5 .
((= a}°sf] lgodg pNn+3g u/]df x'g] hl/afgf M -!_ of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod jf
ljlgod jf ;f] cGtu{t a}°n] hf/L u/]sf] cfb]z jf lgb]{zgsf] pNn+3g a}°af6 O{hfhtkq
k|fKt s'g} jfl0fHo a}° jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] u/]df To:tf] pNn+3g;+u ;DalGwt /sdsf]
xb;Ddsf] hl/afgf a}°n] To:tf jfl0fHo a}° jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] a}°sf] lgodgsf] pNnª\3g jfl0fHo a}° jf ljQLo
;+:yfsf ;~rfns, kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Laf6 ePsf]df To:tf] hl/afgf ;DalGwt ;~rfns,
kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/LnfO{ x'g]5 .
!))= a}°sf] lgodg pNnª\3g u/]df x'g] ;hfo M -!_ of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod jf
ljlgod jf ;f] cGtu{t a}°n] hf/L u/]sf] cfb]z jf lgb]{zgsf] pNnª\3g a}°af6 O{hfhtkq
k|fKt s'g} jfl0fHo a}° jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] u/]df To:tf] jfl0fHo a}° jf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ a}°n]
b]xfo adf]lhdsf] Ps jf Ps eGbf a9L ;hfo ug{ ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ ;r]t u/fpg] jf lnlvt r]tfjgL lbg] .
-v_ ;'wf/fTds sbd rfNgsf nflu ;~rfns ;ldltnfO{ sj'lnotgfdf
u/fpg] .
-u_ af/Daf/ x'g] pNnª\3g cGt ug{, To;af6 cnu /xg / ;'wf/fTds
sbd rfNgsf nflu lnlvt cfb]z hf/L ug]{ .
-3_ a}°n] lbg] ;]jf lgnDag jf cGt ug]{ .

63
 -ª_ jfl0fHo a}° jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] cfkmgf]] z]o/ xf]N8/nfO{ lbg]
nfef+zsf] lat/0fdf k|ltaGw nufpg] .
-r_ jfl0fHo a}° jf ljQLo ;+:yfn] :jLsf/ ug{ ;Sg] lgIf]k jf lbg ;Sg]
shf{df k|ltaGw nufpg] .
-5_ jfl0fHo a}° jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] sf/f]af/df cf+lzs jf k'0f{ k|ltaGw
nufpg] .
-h_ afl0fHo a}° jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] O{hfhtkq lgnDag jf /2 ug]{ .
-@_ of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod jf ljlgod jf ;f] cGtu{t a}°n] hf/L
u/]sf] cfb]z jf lgb]{zg a}°af6 O{hfhtkq k|fKt jfl0fHo a}° jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;~rfns
jf kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Ln] pNnª\3g u/]df jf lghx?n] lgIf]kstf{ jf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] lxt
ljk/Lt sfd u/]sf] jf lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0fsf] l;nl;nfdf a}° jf lg/LIf0f tyf
;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ clwsf/Ln] dfu u/]sf] sfuhft, ljj/0f jf tYof° tf]lsPsf] ;do leq k]z
gu/]df To:tf] ;~rfns, kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/LnfO{ a}°n] b]xfo adf]lhdsf] ;hfo ug{
;Sg]5 M–
-s_ ;r]t u/fpg] jf g;Lxt lbg] .
-v_ lgnDagdf /fVg] .
-u_ kfFr nfv ?k}ofF;Dd gub hl/afgf ug]{ .
-3_ tna, eQf nufotsf ;Dk"0f{ ;'lawfx? lbg aGb u/fpg ;DalGwt
jfl0fHo a}° jf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltnfO{ cfb]z lbg] .
-ª_ ;~rfnsnfO{ ;~rfns kbaf6 x6fpg jf kbflwsf/L jf
sd{rf/LnfO{ ;]jfaf6 cjsf; lbg nufpg ;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}° jf
ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltnfO{ cfb]z lbg] .
!)!= cfly{s hl/afgf / ;hfosf] sfo{ljlw M -!_ bkmf (( tyf bkmf !)) adf]lhd cfly{s
hl/afgf jf ;hfo ubf{ a}°n] b]xfosf] sfo{ljlw cjnDag ug'{ kg]{5 M
-s_ k|:tfljt ;hfo ug'{ cl3 a}°n] b]xosf s'/fx? pNn]v u/L cf/f]lkt ;+:yf jf
JolQmnfO{ k|:tfljt hl/afgf jf ;hfosf] af/]df cfkmgf]] ;kmfO{ k]z ug]{ kGw|
lbgsf] Dofb lbO{ lnlvt ;"rgf lbg' kg]{5 M–
-!_ s;"/sf] k|s[lt,
-@_ s;"/sf] k|s[lt cg'?k nufpg ;lsg] hl/afgfsf] /sd jf k|:tfljt
;hfo, /

64
 -#_ s;"/sf] ;+lIfKt Joxf]/f .
-v_ v08 -s_ adf]lhd cf/f]lkt ;+:yf jf JolQmn] pQm cf/f]k;+u ;xdt jf
c;xdt ePsf] ;DaGwdf kGw| lbg leq lnlvt k|lts[of k7fpg' kg]{5 .
-u_ cf/f]lkt ;+:yf jf JolQmn] ;f] s;"/ pk/ c;xdlt JoQm u/]sf] Joxf]/f lrQ
a'‰bf] ePdf a}°n] To:tf] cf/f]knfO{ ;+zf]wg, ;Lldt jf vf/]h ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-3_ cf/f]lkt ;+:yf jf JolQmn] ;f] s;"/ pk/ ;xdlt JoQm u/]df jf lrQ a'‰bf]
k|lts[of lbg g;s]df a}°n] To:tf] hl/afgf jf ;hfo ug]{5 .
-ª_ v08 -#_ adf]lhd nufOPsf] hl/afgf ;DalGwt jfl0fHo a}° jf ljQLo
;+:yfn] a}°df /fv]sf] vftfaf6 s§f u/L lng] u/L a}°n] cfb]z hf/L ug{
;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -ª_ adf]lhd a}°nfO{ k|fKt x'g] gub hl/afgf ;fwf/0f
hu]8f sf]ifdf hDdf ul/g]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg bkmf !)) sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf]
v08 -s_, -v_, -u_ / -3_ tyf pkbkmf -@_ sf] v08 -s_ / -v_ cGtu{tsf] ;hfo ubf{ s'g}
klg lsl;dsf] sfo{ljlw ckgfpg' kg]{ 5}g .
!)@= k'g/fj]bg nfUg] M bkmf (( tyf bkmf !)) cGtu{t a}°n] u/]sf] ;hfo pk/ lrQ ga'‰g]
jfl0fHo a}° jf ljQLo ;+:yf jf ;f]sf ;~rfns jf kbflwsf/L jf sd{rf/Ln] ;hfo kfPsf]

ldltn] k}+tL; lbg leq pRr cbfntdf k'g/fj]bg ug{ ;Sg]5 .

kl/R5]b – !@
ljljw
!)#= e'QmfgL, lSnol/· / ;]6nd]G6 M -!_ a}°n] r]s, e'QmfgL cfb]z, cGt/ a}° e'QmfgL tyf
a}°n] tf]s]sf] d'b|fdf eP, u/]sf ;'/If0f sf/f]af/ tyf cGo s'g} e'QmfgL pks/0fsf] lSnol/·
tyf ;]6nd]G6sf] Joj:yf ug{ / ;f]sf] lgodg, lg/LIf0f tyf ;'kl/j]If0f sfo{ ;d]t ug]{5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] sfo{ ubf{ a}°n] cfjZos sfo{ljlw lgwf{/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] lSnol/· tyf ;]6nd]G6 Joj:yfsf] k|of]hgsf nflu
jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] a}°n] tf]s]sf] zt{sf] cwLgdf /xL a}°df jf a}°n] tf]s]sf]
cGo s'g} ;+:yfdf vftf vf]Ng' kg]{5 .


bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

65
!)$= tYof° ;+sng M -!_ a}°n] cfkmgf]] p2]Zo k|fKt ug{ tyf cfkmgf]] sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug{ cfkm} jf
g]kfn ;/sf/ jf cGo lgsfoaf6 cfkm"nfO{ cfjZos kg]{ tYof° ;°ng ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;
k|of]hgsf nflu a}°n] ============ g]kfn leq jf aflx/sf cflwsf/Ls JolQm, ;+3, ;+:yf
/ cGt/f{li6«o ;+3, ;+:yf;+u klg ;xof]u lng ;Sg]5 .
-@_ a}°n] cfkmgf]] sfo{If]q;+u ;DalGwt tYof° ;°ng, ;+u|x tyf ljt/0f
Joj:yfnfO{ ;dGjo / kl/dfh{g ug{ cfjZos Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!)%= 6«i6 vftf M a}°n] ljz]if k|of]hgsf] nflu 6«i6 vftfsf] ?kdf 5'§} vftf vf]Ng / ;~rfng
ug{ ;Sg]5 . To:tf] vftfdf hDdf /x]sf] /sd cGo s'g} k|of]hgsf] nflu k|of]u ug{ kfOg]
5}g . To:tf] vftfdf /x]sf] ;DklQ To:tf vftfsf] bfloTj k"/f ug{ dfq k|of]u ul/g]5 /
To:tf] bfloTj k"/f ug{ a}°n] cGo vftfdf /x]sf] /sd jf ;DklQ k|of]u ug{ kfpg] 5}g .
!)^= sfd sf/afxL ab/ gx'g] M ueg{/, 8]k'6L ueg{/ jf ;~rfnssf] lgo'lQm jf ;ldltsf] u7gdf
s'g} /Lt gk'u]sf] jf ueg{/, 8]k'6L ueg{/ jf ;~rfnssf] kb l/Qm /x]sf] sf/0fn] dfq a}°
jf ;ldltsf] s'g} sfd sf/afxL ab/ x'g] 5}g .

!)^s=jfl0fHo a}Í fj ljQLo ;+:yfdf sfd ug{ gx'g] M -!_ ue{g/ eO;s]sf] JolQmn] s'g} jfl0fHo
a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf s'g} klg x}l;otdf /xL sfd ug{ x'Fb}g .
-@_ 8]k'6L ue{g/ / a}Ísf sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs cfˆgf] kbaf6 x6]sf] jf cjsfz kfPsf]
ldltn] tLg jif{;Dd / a}Ísf] clws[t :t/sf] sd{rf/L cfˆgf] kbaf6 x6]sf] jf cjsfz
kfPsf] ldltn] b'O{ Jfif{;Dd s'g} klg jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo ;+:yfdf s'g} klg x}l;otdf /xL
sfd ug{ x'Fb}g .
t/ o; pkbkmfdf tf]lsPsf] ;dofjlw k'/f ePkl5 s'g} klg jfl0fHo a}Í jf ljQLo
;+:yfdf s'g} klg x}l;otdf /xL sfd ug{sf] nflu ;DalGwt 8]k'6L ue{g/, sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs
jf clws[tn] a}Ísf] k"j{ l:js[lt lng' kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ / -@_ df h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg g]kfn ;/sf/af6
lgo'lQm x'g] kbdf of] Joj:yf nfu" x'g] 5}g .

!^)v= ljz]if1sf] ;]jf pknAw u/fpg' kg]{ M g]kfn ;/sf/n] cg'/f] u/]df a}Ín] cfkm";Fu ePsf]
ljz]if1sf] ;]jf pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .

 u0ftGq ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^^ åf/f lemlsPsf] .

s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)&@ åf/f ;+zf]lwt .

bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

66

!^)u= g]kfn ;/sf/n] lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg] M -!_ d'b|f a}lÍË / ljQ ;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/n]
a}ÍnfO{ lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5 .
-@_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd lbOPsf] lgb]{zgsf] kfngf ug'{ a}Ísf] st{Jo x'g]5 .
!)&= c;n lgotn] u/]sf] sfddf hjfkmb]xL x'g gkg]{ M -!_ of] P]g / o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf]
lgod jf ljlgod jf ;f] cGtu{t hf/L ul/Psf] cfb]z jf lgb]{zg adf]lhd c;n lgotn]

u/]sf] s'g} sfd sf/afxLsf] ;DaGwdf ueg{/, 8]k'6L ueg{/, ;~rfns jf a}°sf sd{rf/L
jf ljz]if k|zf;g ;d"x JolQmut jf ;fd'lxs ?kn] hjfkmb]xL x'g] 5}gg\s .
t/ hfgfhfg jf unt dg;foaf6 ul/Psf] s'g} sfdsf] ;Gbe{df eg] lghx?
JolQmut ?kdf lhDd]jf/ x'g]5g .
-@_ of] P]g jf o; P]g cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod jf ljlgod jf ;f] cGtu{t hf/L
ul/Psf] cfb]z jf lgb]{zgsf] kfngf ug{sf] lgldQ c;n lgotn] u/]sf] jf ug{ vf]h]sf] s'g}
s'/fn] x'g cfPsf] jf x'g] xfgL gf]S;fgLsf] ;DaGwdf ueg{/, 8]k'6L ueg{/, ;~rfns jf
a}°sf s'g} clws[t jf sd{rf/L lj?4 s'g} lsl;dsf] d'2f k/]df To:tf] d'2fsf] vr{ a}°n]
Joxf]g]{5 .
t/ hfgfhfg jf unt dg;foaf6 ul/Psf] s'g} sfdsf] ;Gbe{df k/]sf] d'2fsf] vr{
a}°n] Joxf]g]{ 5}g .

!)*= zkyu|x0f ug]{ M -!_ cfˆgf] cf]xbfsf] sfd z'? ug'{eGbf cufl8 ueg{/ tyf ;+rfnsn]
;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] k|wfgGofofwLz jf lghn] tf]s]sf] GofofwLz;dIf / 8]k'6L ueg{/n]
ueg{/;dIf cg';"rL adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf kb tyf uf]kgLotfsf] zky u|x0f ug'{ kg]{5 .

-@_ a}Ídf klxnf] k6s lgo'Qm sd{rf/L jf ;Nnfxsf/n] cfˆgf] cf]xbfsf] sfd z'?
ug'{eGbf cufl8 tf]lsPadf]lhd kb tyf uf]kgLotfsf] zky u|x0f ug'{ kg]{5 .

!)(= o;} P]g adf]lhd x'g] M k|rlnt sfg"gdf h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg o; P]gdf
n]lvP hltdf o;} P]g adf]lhd x'g]5 .
!!)= lgod tyf ljlgod agfpg] clwsf/ M -!_ o; P]gsf] p2]Zo sfof{Gjog ug{ a}°n] g]kfn
;/sf/sf] :jLs[lt lnO{ b]xfosf ljifodf cfjZos lgod agfpg ;Sg]5 M–
-s_ ljb]zL ljlgdo sf/f]af/ .


bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f ;+zf]lwt .

klxnf] ;+zf]wg4f/f ;+zf]lwt .

67
 -v_ hn]sf], RofltPsf], ´"lqPsf], d]l6Psf] jf cfs[lt lalu|Psf] a}° gf]6 tyf
l;Ssfsf] ;§fegf{ .
-u_ g]kfn ;/sf/ a}° aLr x'g] Jofkfl/s sf/f]af/ .

-3_ o; P]gsf] p2]Zo sfof{Gjog ug{ ;ldltn] cfjZos 7fg]sf cGo ljifox? .

-@_ o; P]gsf] p2]Zo sfof{Gjog ug{ ;ldltn] b]xfosf ljifodf ljlgod agfpg
;Sg]5 M–
-s_ ;ldltsf] a}7s x'g] :yfg, ;do / tT;DaGwL sfo{ljlw .
-v_ ;ldltn] cfjZostf cg';f/ pk;ldlt u7g ug]{ / To:tf] pk;ldltsf]
sfo{ljlw .
-u_ a}°sf sd{rf/Lx?sf] lgo'QmL, a9'jf, ;?jf, avf{:tL, kfl/>lds tyf ;'ljwf,
lgj[Qe/0f, pkbfg, ;+rosf]if, labf, cfr/0f tyf cg'zf;g / ;]jf ;DaGwL
zt{ .
-3_ ;ldltn] ueg{/nfO{ / ueg{/n] 8]k'6L ueg{/nfO{ jf a}°sf cGo sd{rf/LnfO{
clVtof/L ;'Dkg] .
-ª_ a}°sf] tkm{af6 ul/g] k§f, sa'lnot ;DaGwL zt{ .
-r_ a}°sf] 5fk rnfpg] .
-5_ a}°n] /fVg' kg]{ x/lx;fa, vftf, axL jf cGo >]:tf, sfuhft / To:sf] 9f+rf .
-h_ a}°sf] cfGtl/s n]vf kl/If0f tyf lg/LIf0f .
-´_ jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;'kl/j]If0f .
-`_ jfl0fHo a}° tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] k]z ug'{ kg]{ ljj/0f .
-6_ a}°sf] gub df}Hbft jf gubsf] lhDd]jf/L .
-7_ a}° tkm{af6 ug'{ kg]{ d'2f dfldnf jf cGo sf/afxLsf] kl/rfng .
-8_ shf{ lgoGq0f .
-9_ a}°sf] vr{ Joj:yf .

-9!_ jfl0fHo a}Í tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx? Ps cfk;df ufEg] ufleg] ;DaGwdf .

-9@_ jlf0fHo a}Í tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] zL3| ;'wf/fTds sf/afxL ;DaGwdf .


klxnf] ;+zf]wg4f/f yk .

bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .

68
 
-9#_ shf{ ;"rgf ;DaGwdf .

-9$_ e"QmfgL tyf lx;fa ldnfg ;DaGwdf .

-9%_ km/kmf/v eg]{ ;DaGwdf .

-9^_ a}Ín] hf/L ug]{ Ohfhtkqsf ;DaGwdf .

-0f_ o; P]gsf] p2]Zo sfof{Gjog ug{ cfjZos kg]{ cGo ljifox? .

-#_ pkbkmf -!_ / -@_ df plNnlvt ljifo afx]s o; P]g adf]lhd hf/L ug'{ kg]{
cfb]z, lgb]{zg, sfo{ljlw tyf dfu{bz{g ueg{/n] hf/L ug]{5 .
-$_ pkbkmf -@_ cGtu{t ag]sf] ljlgod / pkbkmf -#_ cGtu{t hf/L ul/Psf]
cfb]z tyf lgb]{zg a}°n] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] hfgsf/Lsf] lgldQ k7fpg]5 .
-%_ pkbkmf -@_ cGtu{t ag]sf] ljlgod jf pkbkmf -#_ cGtu{t hf/L ul/Psf]
cfb]z jf lgb]{zg a}°n] ;fj{hlgs ?kdf k|sfzg / k|zf/0f ug]{ jf u/fpg]5 .
!!!= lgb]{lzsf agfO{ nfu" ug]{ M a}°n] o; P]gsf] p2]Zo sfof{Gjog ug{ of] P]g jf o; P]g
cGtu{t ag]sf] lgod jf ljlgodsf] cwLgdf /xL ;do ;dodf cfjZos lgb]{lzsf agfO{
nfu" ug{ ;Sg]5 .
!!@= vf/]hL / arfp M -!_ b]xfosf P]gx? vf/]h ul/Psf 5g\ M–
-s_ g]kfn /fi6« a}° P]g, @)!@,
-v_ d'b|f P]g, @)$) .


bf];|f] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .
 klxnf] ;+zf]wgåf/f yk .
b|i6Jo M != g]kfn /fi6« a}+s -klxnf] ;+zf]wg_ P]g, @)^# sf] bkmf & o; k|sf/ /x]sf] 5 M–
&= g]kfn /fi6« a}+s -klxnf] ;+zf]wg_ cWofb]z lgliqmo ePkl5 To;sf] kl/0ffd M g]kfn /fi6« a}+s -klxnf]
;+zf]wg_ cWofb]z,@)^@ lgliqmo ePkl5 csf]{ clek|fo gb]lvPdf ;f] lgliqmotfn],
-s_ ;f] cWofb]z lgliqmo x'Fbfsf avt rNtL gePsf] jf sfod g/x]sf] s'g} s'/f klg hufpg] 5}g,
-v_ ;f] cWofb]z adf]lhd rfn' ePsf] s'/f jf ;f] adf]lhd /Lt k'¥ofO cl3 g} ul/Psf] s'g} sfd jf
ef]lu;s]sf] s'g} s'/fnfO{ c;/ kg]{ 5}g,
-u_ ;f] cWofb]z adf]lhd kfPsf, xfl;n u/s]f jf ef]u]sf] s'g} xs, ;'ljwf, st{Jo jf bfloTjdf
c;/ kfg]{ 5}g,
-3_ ;f] cWofb]z adf]lhd ul/Psf] s'g} b08 ;hfo jf hkmtnfO{ c;/ kfg]{ 5}g,
-ª_ dlfy n]lvPsf] s'g} To:tf] xs, ;'ljwf, st{Jo, bfloTj jf b08 ;hfosf ;DaGwdf ul/Psf] s'g}
sfd sf/afxL jf pkfonfO{ c;/ kfg]{ 5}g / pQm cWofb]z sfod /x] ;/x To:tf] s'g} sfg"gL
sf/afxL jf pkfonfO{ klg z'? ug{, rfn" /fVg jf nfu" ug{ ;lsg]5 .
@= s]xL g]kfn sfg"g ;+zf]wg ug]{ P]g, @)^# åf/f ¿kfGt/ ePsf zAbx¿M–
æ>L % sf] ;/sf/Æ sf] ;§f æg]kfn ;/sf/Æ .

69
 -@_ pkbkmf -!_ cGtu{t vf/]h ul/Psf P]gx? adf]lhd eP u/]sf ;Dk"0f{ sfd
sf/afxL o;} P]g adf]lhd eP u/]sf] dflgg]5 .
!!#= g]kfn /fi6« a}Í -klxnf] ;+zf]wg_ cWofb]z lgliqmo ePkl5 To;sf] kl/0ffd M g]kfn /fi6« a}Í
-klxnf] ;+zf]wg_ cWofb]z, @)^@ lgliqmo ePkl5 csf]{ clek|fo gb]lvPdf ;f] lgliqmotfn],

-s_ ;f] cWofb]z lgliqmo x'Fbfsf jvt rNtL gePsf] jf sfod g/x]sf]
s'g} s'/f klg hufpg] 5}g .

-v_ ;f] cWofb]zadf]lhd rfn" ePsf] s'/f jf ;f]adf]lhd /Lt k'¥ofO

cl3 g} ul/Psf] s'g} sfd jf ef]lu;s]sf] s'g} s'/fnfO{ c;/ kfg]{
5}g,

-u_ ;f] cWofb]zadf]lhd kfPsf], xfl;n u/]sf] jf ef]u]sf] s'g} xs,

;'ljwf, st{Jo jf bfloTjdf c;/ kfg]{ 5}g,

-3_ ;f] cWofb]zadf]lhd ul/Psf] s'g} b08 ;hfo jf hkmtnfO{ c;/

kfg]{ 5}g,

-ª_ dfly n]lvPsf] s'g} To:tf] xs, ;'ljwf, st{Jo, bfloTj jf b08
;hfosf ;DaGwdf ul/Psf] s'g} sfd sf/afxL jf pkfonfO{ c;/
kfg]{ 5}g / pQm cWofb]z sfod /x] ;/x To:tf] s'g} sfg"gL
sf/jfxL jf pkfonfO{ klg z'? ug{, rfn" /fVg jf nfu" ug{
;lsg]5 .

70
 
cg';"rL
-bkmf !)* sf] pkbkmf -!_ ;Fu ;DalGwt_
zkyu|x0f kmf/fd

d================================= g]kfn /fi6« a}Ísf] ============================== sf] kbdf

lgo'Qm ePsf]n] ;f] ============================= kbsf] st{Jo OdfGbf/L;fy kfngf ug]{5' / a}Ísf]
lxtnfO{ ;b}j Wofgdf /fVg]5' . a}Ísf] sf/f]af/ tyf uf]Ko /fVg' kg]{ s'/fx? sxL+ st} k|sfz
kfg]{ 5}g . ================================= sf] x}l;otn] ;~rfns ;ldltn] clwsf/ lbPsf] /
sfg"gn] afWo u/]sf] cj:yfdfafx]s d]/f] hfgsf/Ldf cfPsf hfgsf/L tyf ;"rgf kbdf
axfn /x]sf] jf g/x]sf] h'g;'s} cj:yfdf klg k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ?kdf s'g} klg k|sf/n]
s;}nfO{ hfgsf/L lbg] 5}g egL O{dfg wd{ ;DemL ;To lgi7fk"j{s zky u|x0f ub{5' .

zky u|x0f ug]{ kbflwsf/Lsf] zky u|x0f u/fpg] kbflwsf/Lsf]

b:tvt M b:tvt M
gfd M gfdM
kb M kbM
ldlt M ldltM
5fk M


klxnf] ;+zf]wg4f/f ;+zf]lwt .

71