TEST METHOD

D41 1029 / - - D

TEXTILES, COATED TEXTILES AND

LEATHER

TENSILE STRENGTH

Normalisation Renault Automobiles

RE-DS / Service 67250
Section Normes et Cahiers des Charges
RENAULT D41 1029 / - - D

This document is to be considered as a whole; the parts of which must not be separated.

© RENAULT 2009.
No duplication permitted without the consent of the issuing department.
No circulation permitted without the consent of RENAULT

FIRST ISSUE

1991 --- Supersede Association Test Method 1029 of September 1975.

REVISIONS

June 1998 - - A Complete revision.

October 1998 - - B Modifications to paragraphs 1,2 and 5.
June 2004 - - C Editorial revisions.
This issue originates from draft NC 2004 0293 / - - -.
March 2009 - - D Editorial revisions.
This issue originates from draft NC 2009 0229 / - - -

REFERENCED DOCUMENTS

Test method : D45 1124.

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FOREWORD

This document is equivalent to the document of Group PSA PEUGEOT CITROEN D41 1029.

It must not be modified without consulting the Standardisation Department of this group.

It conforms to the agreement signed between this Group and RENAULT in March 2009.

1. SCOPE AND FIELD OF APPLICATION

The purpose of this method is to determine the tensile properties of textiles, of coated textiles, and
leathers.

It applies to woven fabrics, knitted fabrics holding their shape, layers of textile fibers and to these
same items coated or impregnated with plastic or rubber and leathers.

It also applies to composites comprising one or more textile elements and a backing layer. It does not
apply to materials that lose shape such as non-thermoset knitted fabrics. It may be performed on dry
or damp articles.

It is applicable to tensile forces equal to or greater than 50 N. Tensile measurements less than 50 N
are performed in accordance with test method D45 1124.

2. PRINCIPLE

The test specimen is subjected to tensile forces that may reach breaking point by means of an
apparatus which indicates the force applied and the elongation of the test specimen.

3. APPARATUS

3.1. A DYNAMOMETER fulfilling the following conditions:

- A load v. elongation curve recording device.

- A sensor of loads adapted to the range of measures,

- A moving jaw displacement speed of 100 mm/min. ± 10 mm/min. or any speed specified in the
documents.

- Grips designed to fasten the test specimen securely and such that the tightening of the grips does
not apply a preload to the test specimen (for example, screw-lock jaws and serrated grips). The
grips must be wider than the test specimen.

3.2. A CONDITIONED ROOM at 23°C ± 2°C and 50% ± 5% relative humidity.

3.3. A CUTTING TOOL for the test specimens such as straight-edged scissors or a cutting punch.

3.4. RULE with a precision of 1/2 mm.

3.5. DISTILLED WATER

3.6. WETTING AGENT

i.e ethyl alcohol

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4. TEST SPECIMEN PREPARATION

4.1. PREPARATION

4.1.1. Textiles and composite materials

Samples must be cut more than 150 mm away from the edges and unless 3 meters of the beginning
or of the end of the roller.

For test specimens cut lengthwise, the long side of the test specimen shall be parallel to the edge of
the roller.

For test specimens cut crosswise, the long side shall be perpendicular to the edge.

For test specimens cut on the bias to the right, the long side shall be 45° to the edge and for test
specimens cut on the bias to the left, the long side shall be 135° (45° + 90°) to the edge.

4.1.2. Leather

Samples must be cut in the sample area as defined in the standard documents.

4.2. DIMENSIONS

The test specimens shall measure 300 ± 5 mm x 50 mm. ± 1 mm. In the case of warp and weft fabrics
or warp and weft composites, cut test specimens to dimensions of 300 ± 5 mm x 60 mm which shall be
reduced to the final dimensions by teasing out.

4.2.1. Dimensions of strip materials

For materials with a width of less than 50 mm, the test specimens shall be taken lengthwise and over
the width of the material in delivery condition.

4.3. NUMBERS OF TEST SPECIMENS

Cut five test specimens in each direction and for each tensile force specified in the documents.

4.4. CONDITIONING

4.4.1. Dry tests

The test specimens shall be conditioned at least 24 hours in the room (3.2.) for textiles and coated
textiles.

For trim leather, the conditioning is of at least 72 hours.

4.4.2. Wet tests

Tensile strength tests may be performed on wet textiles when expressly stated in the product
specification.

Soak the test specimens during 2 hours ± 5 minutes in a bath of distilled water at 23°C ± 2°C and
weighing approximately 20 times the weight of the fabric. If the material is difficult to wet, use an
aqueous solution with 1% wetting agent, such as 95% ethyl alcohol (3.6.).

Immediately after the tensile strength test, remove the test specimens from the bath and sponge them
between two blotting paper. Carry out the test within two minutes of taking each specimen out of the
water.

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5. PROCEDURE

Set the speed of moving jaw.

Place the two jaws 200 mm ± 1 mm apart.

Fasten one end of the test specimen in the top grips.

Set the force scale to 0.

Fasten the lower part of the test specimen in the lower grip by avoiding any pre-tension superior to
0,5 N. With the test specimen secured in this manner, its line of symmetry must coincide with the line
joining the two jaws.

Start the test and continue until the break on the test specimen.

If necessary, continue the tests until total separation of the two parts of the test specimen. Stop the
moving jaw.

Comment : - For each perceptible rupture and for each material constituent, measure, by reference to
the curve, the corresponding breaking force and elongation.

Note any other changes to the state of the test specimen, such as strata separation,
thinning, distortion of one of the elements, yield point, ...

When a test specimen breaks level within 10 mm of the grips, eliminate it and start again
with a new test specimen.

In the case of a very stretchy material that reaches the maximum elongation allowed by
the dynamometer without the test specimen breaking, start the test again on other test
specimens using an initial jaw distance of 100 mm and a traction speed of
50 mm/min ± 5 mm/min.

6. EXPRESSION OF RESULTS

6.1. BREAKING FORCE

- Tensile strength, is expressed in newtons,

- Determine the tensile strength for each sample. Calculate the arithmetic mean for 5 samples.

- In the case of a composite, calculate the arithmetic mean of the breaking loads on each element.

It is obtained by calculating the arithmetic mean of the values determined for each series of test
specimens in each direction.

6.2. BREAKING ELONGATION

Breaking elongation is expressed as a percentage of the initial length of the test specimen
between the jaws.

Determine the breaking elongation for each sample. Calculate the arithmetic mean for 5 samples.

In the case of a composite, calculate the arithmetic mean of the elongations corresponding to the
various breaks of each element.

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6.3. ELONGATION UNDER LOAD

Elongation under load is expressed as a percentage of the initial. The load is written in
specifications.

Determine the elongation under load for each sample. Calculate the arithmetic mean for 5
samples.

7. TEST REPORT

Apart from the results obtained, the report shall indicate:

- a reference to this method,

- the identification of the operator and the machine used,

- the date of the realization of the test,

- the name of the supplier and the complete references of the tested material,

- the width of the sample if it is different from 50 mm,

- any value deviating by more than 20% of the result average,

- operating details not provided for in the method and any incidents liable to have affected the
results.

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