EAS 2-2010 Maize Grains - Specification PDF

EAS 2:2010
ICS 67.060
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EAST AFRICAN STANDARD
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Maize grains — Specification and grading
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EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY

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HS 1005.90.00
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© EAC 2010 Third Edition 2010

EAS 2:2010
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Foreword
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Development of the East African Standards has been necessitated by the need for harmonizing
requirements governing quality of products and services in East Africa. It is envisaged that through
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harmonized standardization, trade barriers which are encountered when goods and services are
exchanged within the Community will be removed.
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In order to meet the above objectives, the EAC Partner States have enacted an East African
Standardization, Quality Assurance, Metrology and Test Act, 2006 (EAC SQMT Act, 2006) to make
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provisions for ensuring standardization, quality assurance, metrology and testing of products
produced or originating in a third country and traded in the Community in order to facilitate industrial
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development and trade as well as helping to protect the health and safety of society and the
environment in the Community.
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East African Standards are formulated in accordance with the procedures established by the East
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African Standards Committee. The East African Standards Committee is established under the
provisions of Article 4 of the EAC SQMT Act, 2006. The Committee is composed of representatives of
the National Standards Bodies in Partner States, together with the representatives from the private
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sectors and consumer organizations. Draft East African Standards are circulated to stakeholders
through the National Standards Bodies in the Partner States. The comments received are discussed
and incorporated before finalization of standards, in accordance with the procedures of the
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Community.
Article 15(1) of the EAC SQMT Act, 2006 provides that “Within six months of the declaration of an
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East African Standard, the Partner States shall adopt, without deviation from the approved text of the
standard, the East African Standard as a national standard and withdraw any existing national
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standard with similar scope and purpose”.
East African Standards are subject to review, to keep pace with technological advances. Users of the
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East African Standards are therefore expected to ensure that they always have the latest versions of
the standards they are implementing.
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© East African Community 2010 — All rights reserved*

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East African Community

P O Box 1096
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Tanzania
Tel: 255 27 2504253/8
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Fax: 255-27-2504481/2504255
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E-Mail: eac@eachq.org
Web: www.each.int
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© 2010 EAC — All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for EAC Partner States’ NSBs.
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ii © EAC 2010 — All rights reserved

EAS 2:2010
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Introduction
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In the preparation of this East African Standard, the following sources were consulted extensively:
Cereals Grading and Marking Rules, 2001, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India, Schedule V,
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Grade Designation and Definition of Quality of Maize
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CODEX STAN 153:1985 (Rev.1:1995), Standard for Maize (Corn)
Corn, Official Grain Grading Guide, August 1, 2009, Canadian Grain Commission
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United States Standards for Corn, Effective September 1996
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Malawi Standard, MBS 32:1998, Maize grain — Specification
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Ethiopian Standard, ES 679:2001, Maize (corn) — Specification
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CODEX STAN 193:1995 (Rev.5:2009), General Standard for Contaminants and Toxins in Foods
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CODEX STAN 228:2001 (Rev.1:2004), General methods of analysis for contaminants
Codex Alimentarius website: http://www.codexalimentarius.net/mrls/pestdes/jsp/pest_q-e.jsp
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USDA Foreign Agricultural Service website: http://www.mrldatabase.com
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USDA Agricultural Marketing Service website: http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/Standards
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USDA Plant Inspectorate Service website: http://www.aphis.usda.gov/import_export/plants
European Union: http://ec.europa.eu/sanco_pesticides/public

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Assistance derived from these sources and others inadvertently not mentioned is hereby
acknowledged.
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This standard has been developed to take into account:
⎯ the needs of the market for the product;

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⎯ the need to facilitate fair domestic, regional and international trade and prevent technical barriers
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to trade by establishing a common trading language for buyers and sellers.

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⎯ the structure of the CODEX, UNECE, USA, ISO and other internationally significant standards;
⎯ the needs of the producers in gaining knowledge of market standards, conformity assessment,
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commercial cultivars and crop production process;

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⎯ the need to transport the product in a manner that ensures keeping of quality until it reaches the
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consumer;
⎯ the need for the plant protection authority to certify, through a simplified form, that the product is
fit for crossborder and international trade without carrying plant disease vectors;
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⎯ the need to promote good agricultural practices that will enhance wider market access,
involvement of small-scale traders and hence making farming a viable means of wealth creation;
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and
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⎯ the need to ensure a reliable production base of consistent and safe crops that meet customer
requirements.
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© EAC 2010 — All rights reserved iii

EAS 2:2010
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Promotion of standardization and grading of agricultural commodities is an important aspect of
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agricultural marketing. The agricultural commodities are heterogeneous and hence it is very essential
to grade these commodities as per standards to command better price either at domestic or
international market. Sale of Maize is offered on the basis of variety, wholesomeness, appearance,
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colour, presence of foreign matter, damaged grains, broken grains, admixture of inferior variety,
moisture, harmful contaminants, etc. A quality grain is that which meets the end user specifications
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with respect to range of pre-determined Quality and Safety standards.
This standard has been designed with the objectives to
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i. Create awareness about standards prescribed by various organizations for domestic and
international markets so as to raise quality consciousness among the farmers, entrepreneurs and
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other market functionaries with the objective to equip them better to face the global competition in
the post WTO era.
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ii. provide details of various parameters responsible for quality; and
iii. describe the advantages of grading & standardization so that farmers may get prices
commensurate with the quality produced by them.
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Following Parameters are important in determination of QUALITY of Maize
⎯ Foreign matter(organic and inorganic)

⎯ Damaged grains
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⎯ Immature/Shriveled grains
⎯ Weevilled grains
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⎯ Other edible grains
⎯ Admixture of different varieties
⎯ Moisture content
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Following SAFETY parameters are important:
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⎯ Residue of Pesticides
⎯ Poisonous/Heavy metals
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⎯ Aflatoxin
⎯ Uric acid
⎯ Microbial load
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Parameters by which grades of Maize are differentiated:

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Important parameters by which grades can be differentiated in case of Maize are
⎯ Foreign matter (Organic and Inorganic)

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⎯ Damaged grains
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⎯ Other edible grains

⎯ Admixture of different varieties
⎯ Immature/Shriveled grains
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⎯ Weeviled grains
⎯
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Moisture content
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iv © EAC 2010 — All rights reserved

EAS 2:2010
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Contents
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1 Scope ......................................................................................................................................... 1
2 Normative references ................................................................................................................. 1
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3 Definitions and grading factors ................................................................................................... 1
4 Essential composition and quality factors ................................................................................. 11
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4.1 Basis of determination .............................................................................................................. 11
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4.2 Representative portion of maize grains for grading, grams ...................................................... 12
4.3 General quality requirements ................................................................................................... 12
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4.4 Presentation ............................................................................................................................. 13
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4.5 Maize grains for human consumption ....................................................................................... 14
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4.6 Requirements for containers .................................................................................................... 14
4.7 Feed maize grades................................................................................................................... 16
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5 Contaminants ........................................................................................................................... 17
5.1 Pesticide residues .................................................................................................................... 17
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5.2 Heavy metals ........................................................................................................................... 17
5.3 Mycotoxin and chemical limits .................................................................................................. 17
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5.4 Environment ............................................................................................................................. 18
6 Hygiene .................................................................................................................................... 18
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7 Packaging ................................................................................................................................ 18
8 Marking or labelling .................................................................................................................. 18
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9 Methods of analysis and sampling ........................................................................................... 19

9.1 Sampling .................................................................................................................................. 19
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9.2 Determination of undesirable odours, chemical residues, live insects and plant injurious
organisms of phytosanitary importance .............................................................................................. 20
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9.3 Determination of percentage of foreign matter ......................................................................... 20

9.4 Determination of percentage of defective maize kernels .......................................................... 21
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9.5 Determination of percentage of other colour maize kernels ...................................................... 21

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9.6 Determination of percentage of pinked maize kernels .............................................................. 21

9.7 Determination of moisture ........................................................................................................ 22
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10 Test report ................................................................................................................................ 22

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Annex A (normative) Determination of impurities, size, foreign odours, insects, and species and
variety................................................................................................................................................. 24
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Annex B (normative) Determination of moisture content ................................................................... 25

Annex C (informative) Model certificate of conformity with standards for farm produce ..................... 26
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Annex D (normative) Maize — Fact sheets ....................................................................................... 27

Annex E (informative) Maize — Codex, EU and USA pesticide residue limits ................................... 30
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Annex F (informative) Sieves for assessing dockage and grading factors ......................................... 38
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© EAC 2010 — All rights reserved v

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EAST AFRICAN STANDARD
EAS 2:2010
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Maize grains — Specification and grading
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1 Scope
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This East African Standard covers specification and methods of sampling and analysis for maize grains.
The standard applies to maize (corn) for direct human consumption, i.e., ready for its intended use as
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human food, presented in packaged form or sold loose from the package directly to the consumer. This
standard specifies requirements for whole grain shelled dent maize, Zea mays indentata L., and/or shelled
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flint maize, Zea mays indurata L., or their hybrids and of all colour types. This standard also provides grades
and requirements for feed maize. It does not apply to maize products and maize seeds for propagation.
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2 Normative references
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The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
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references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
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ISO 605, Pulses — Determination of impurities, size, foreign odours, insects, and species and variety —
Test methods
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ISO 711, Cereals and cereal products — Determination of moisture content (Basic reference method)
ISO 712, Cereals and cereal products — Determination of moisture content — Routine reference method
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ISO 5223, Test sieves for cereals
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ISO 6639-1, Cereals and pulses — Determination of hidden insect infestation — Part 1: General
principles
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ISO 6639-2, Cereals and pulses — Determination of hidden insect infestation — Part 2: Sampling
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ISO 6639-3, Cereals and pulses — Determination of hidden insect infestation — Part 3: Reference
method
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ISO 6639-4, Cereals and pulses — Determination of hidden insect infestation — Part 4: Rapid methods
ISO 13690, Cereals, pulses and milled products — Sampling of static batches
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ISO 16050, Foodstuffs — Determination of aflatoxin B1, and the total content of aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and
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G2 in cereals, nuts and derived products — High performance liquid chromatographic method
CAC/RCP 1, Recommended international code of practice — General principles of food hygiene

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EAS 38, Labelling of prepackaged foods — Specification

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EAS 79, Cereals and pulses as grain — Methods of sampling

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EAS 217, Methods for the microbiological examination of foods
ISO 22000:2005, Food safety management systems — Requirements for any organization in the food
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chain
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OIML R87:2004, Quantity of product in prepackages

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3 Definitions and grading factors

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For the purpose of this East African Standard, the following definitions shall apply.
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© EAC 2010 — All rights reserved 1

EAS 2:2010
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3.1
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maize
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the threshed kernels of the plants of Zea mays indurata and Zea mays indentata or one or their hybrids or
a mixture of the threshed seed of such plants and where the word "maize" is used in conjunction with the
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word "consignment" it includes matter other than maize that is included in a consignment and not more
than 10.0 percent of other grains for which standards have been established
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3.2
net weight of sample
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the sample after cleaning and removal of dockage is referred to as the cleaned sample. Its weight is the
net weight of the sample. Percentages by weight for grading refer to percentages of the net weight.
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3.3
kernel counts (K)
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A kernel count is the number of kernel-sized pieces of stones in a sample of corn.
⎯ To do kernel counts, you must have 500 grams of cleaned sample.
⎯ All grading is done on representative portions divided down from the cleaned sample using a
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Boerner-type divider.
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3.4
hazardous substances in samples
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any pesticide, herbicide or desiccant
3.5
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dockage
any material intermixed with a parcel of grain, other than kernels of grain of a standard of quality fixed for
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a grade of that grain, that must and can be separated from the parcel of grain before that grade can be
assigned to the grain. Dockage contains
⎯ All material which passes through the No. 12 or No. 14 round-hole sieve
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⎯ All foreign material and pieces of cob handpicked from the sample, excluding stones
3.6
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blue-eye mould
germs of kernels appear dark blue with mould, or there may be just a visible mouldy blue streak under the
hull of the germ. In the second case, peel back the hull from the germ to examine the germ. Blue-eye
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mould is included in the tolerance for Damage.
3.7
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broken corn
maize and pieces of maize which when tested according to ISO 5223, shall pass through a 4.50 mm metal
sieve
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broken corn and foreign material
all matter that passes readily through a 12/64 round-hole sieve and all matter other than corn that
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remains in the sieved sample after sieving according to prescribed procedures

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3.9
bulk container
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any vehicle or container in which bulk maize is stored or transported
3.10
caramelized kernels
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kernels that were very immature when dried at a high temperature in a dryer, and the heat has turned the
kernel to a scorched colour similar to that of heated kernels. The outer hull of the kernel may be peeled
off showing a slightly damaged kernel inside. These kernels are classed as Damaged.
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3.11
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classes
there are four classes for corn: yellow corn, white corn, red maize and mixed corn
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2 © EAC 2010 — All rights reserved

EAS 2:2010
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(1) Yellow corn(YM) — Corn that is yellow-kerneled and contains not more than 5.0 percent of corn of
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other colours. Yellow kernels of corn with a slight tinge of red are considered yellow corn.
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(2) White corn(WM) — Corn that is white-kerneled and contains not more than 2.0 percent of corn of
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other colours. White kernels of corn with a slight tinge of light straw or pink color are considered
white corn.
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(3) Red maize(RM) — Maize grains which are pink and white or dark red and yellow in colour are
considered to be red maize, provided the pink or dark red colour covers 50% or more of the surface
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of the grain
(3) Mixed corn(MM) — Corn that does not meet the colour requirements for either of the classes
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yellow corn or white corn and includes white-capped yellow corn.
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3.12
chemicals not approved for maize
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refers to the following
⎯ chemicals used on the growing crop in contravention of the label
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⎯ chemicals used on stored maize in contravention of the label
⎯ chemicals not registered for use on maize
⎯ barley containing any artificial colouring, pickling compounds or marker dyes commonly used during
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crop spraying operations that have stained the barley
⎯ maize treated with or contaminated by Carbaryl, Organochloride chemicals, or diatomaceous earth
⎯ chemical residues in excess of legal limits
3.13
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consignment
(a) a quantity of maize of the same class, which belongs to the same owner, delivered at any one time
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under cover of the same consignment note, delivery note or receipt note, or delivered by the same
vehicle or bulk container, or loaded from the same bin of a grain elevator into a ship's hold or
railway truck; or
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(b) in the case where a quantity referred to in paragraph (a), is subdivided into different grades, each
such quantity of each of the different grades
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3.14
container
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a bag or a bulk container
3.15
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contaminated grain
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grain containing any substance in sufficient quantity that renders the grain is unfit for consumption by
persons or animals or is adulterated within the meaning of food safety regulations
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3.16
cracked corn and foreign material
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Cracked corn and foreign material includes any of the following:

⎯ All material including kernels and pieces of kernels of corn or any other grains which pass through a
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No. 12 round-hole sieve or, for samples with a moisture level over 25.0%, through the No. 14 round-
hole sieve
⎯ All foreign material other than stones handpicked from the sample, including pieces of cobs that were
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not removed by sieving
3.17
or
damaged kernels/blemished kernels

kernels and pieces of corn kernels that are badly ground-damaged, badly weather-damaged, diseased,
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frost-damaged, germ-damaged, heat-damaged, insect-bored, mould-damaged, sprout-damaged, affected

by blue-eye mould and other types of moulds, scorched from a drier or otherwise materially damaged.
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EAS 2:2010
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3.18
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dark tipped
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refers to staining caused by excess moisture and / or humidity or a stress related biochemical reaction
towards the end of the growing period and into harvest. This mainly occurs at the germ end of the grain.
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Dark tipping equal to or greater than 1 mm is classified as defective grain.
3.19
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defective maize kernels
maize kernels which
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(a) are shrivelled, obviously immature, frost-damaged, mouldy or discoloured: Provided that
normal browning due to oxidation, discoloration limited to the connecting tip of the kernel
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and pinking shall not be considered as defective;
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(b) have sprouted, including kernels of which the growing point (plumule) in the germ is visibly
discoloured;
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(c) have cavities in the germ or endosperm caused by insects or rodents;
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(d) are visibly contaminated by smut, soil, smoke or coal-dust;
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(e) pass through a 6.35 mm round-hole sieve;
(f) are otherwise clearly of inferior quality; and
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(g) are of subspecies other than Zea mays indentata or Zea mays indurata;
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Provided that:
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(i) irregularity of shape and size of maize kernels shall not affect the grading thereof; and
(ii) chipped or cracked maize kernels or pieces of maize kernels which are in a sound condition
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and which appear in a sample of maize, but which do not pass through a 6.35 mm round-
hole sieve, shall not be regarded as defective maize kernels under this standard and
requirements.
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3.20
dry basis
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maize protein is measured as a percentage by weight on a dry moisture basis i.e. 0% moisture.
3.21
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dry green or sappy

⎯ green grains arising from harvesting of grain before it has matured. Dry green grains are those whose
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surface is distinctively green or those grains when cut show an intense green colour in the cross-
section. Dry green grains are usually dry and hard.
⎯ sappy grains are those that have been harvested before maturity. Sappy grains are generally soft
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when pressed. They may or may not be green. Any level of sappiness is classified as defective.
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3.22
earth pellets
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Earth is defined as a clod of dirt, being 5mm or less in diameter.

⎯ Hard earth pellets are pellets that do not crumble under light pressure. See Stones.
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⎯ Soft earth pellets are pellets that crumble under light pressure. See Soft earth pellets.
3.23
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ergot
Ergot is a plant disease producing elongated fungus bodies with a purplish-black exterior, a purplish-white
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to off white interior, and a relatively smooth surface texture when cereals and ryegrass kernels are
infected by the fungus Claviceps purpurea.
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EAS 2:2010
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3.24
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fertilizer pellets
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Fertilizer pellets are typically either small, round and white or irregular shaped and pink or red. Fertilizer
pellets are not considered a hazardous substance however there is no visible means of assuring that
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material resembling fertilizer pellets is not some other contaminant.
3.25
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field fungi
individual kernels affected by the mould Cladisporium spp. Cladisporium spp. gives the grain the
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appearance of black spotting occurring anywhere on the grain. The mould usually occurs during periods
of high moisture or high humidity towards the end of the growing period into harvest.
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3.26
field insects
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these are insect contaminants of grain that do not cause damage to stored grains. They include but are
not restricted to: Desiantha Weevil (Desiantha spp); Fungus beetle (Corticaria punctulata); Grasshoppers;
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Hairy Fungus Beetle (Typhaea stercorea); Ladybirds; Minute Mould Beetle (Corticaria spp); Mites
(Acarina spp); Sitona Weevil (Sitona spp); Wood Bugs
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Tolerances apply to either live or dead field insects. For grasshoppers, six legs, three body parts and two
wings or part thereof, constitutes one insect. More than one of the same body part constitutes greater
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than one insect. Note that a separate tolerance exists for Sitona Weevils to all other field insects.
3.27
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fireburnt kernels
kernels charred or scorched by fire. A cross-section of a fireburnt kernel resembles charcoal with
numerous air holes. The air holes result in a low weight kernel which crumbles easily under pressure.
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3.28
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flint corn
corn that consists of 95 percent or more of flint corn
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3.29
flint and dent corn
corn that consists of a mixture of flint and dent corn containing more than 5.0 percent but less than 95
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percent of flint corn
3.30
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foreign matter
all matter that passes readily through a 6/64 round-hole sieve and all matter other than maize that
remains on top of the 12/64 round-hole sieve according to prescribed procedures
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3.31
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foreign seeds
seeds of any plant, other than the species of crop being tendered for delivery. Foreign Seeds are
classified into two broad groups; those with specific tolerances listed in this standard, and those without.
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The latter are termed “Small Foreign Seeds”. Seeds with specific tolerances have been categorised into
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several groups. These are:
Type 1
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Colocynth (Citrullus colocynthis)

Poppy (Field) (Papaver rhoeas)
Poppy (Horned) (Glaucium flavum)
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Jute (Corchorus olitorius)

Long Head Poppy (Papaver dubium)
Mexican Poppy (Argemone mexicana)
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New Zealand Spinach (Tetragonia tetragonoides)

Parthenium Weed (Parthenium hysterophorus)
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Saffron Thistle (Carthamus lanatus)

Wild Poppy (Papaver hybridum)
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EAS 2:2010
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Type 2
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Barley with Coloured Aleurone Layer (blue / black) (Malt grades only)
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Branched Broomrape (Orobanche ramosa)
Castor Oil Plant (Ricinus communis)
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Coriander (Coriandrum sativum)
Crow Garlic/Wild Garlic (Allium vineale)
Darling Pea (Swainsona spp)
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Opium Poppy (Papaver somniferum)
Peanut seeds and pods (Arachis hypogaea)
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Ragweed (Ambrosia sp)
Rattlepods (Crotalaria sp)
St. Johns Wort (Hypericum perforatum)
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Starburr (Acanthospermum hispidum)
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Type 3a
Bathurst Burr (Xanthium spinosum)
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Bellvine (Ipomoea plebeia)
Bulls Head / Caltrop / Cats Head (Tribulus terrestris)
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Cape Tulip (Homeria spp)
Cottonseed (Gossypium spp)
Dodder (Cuscuta spp)
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Noogoora Burr (Xanthium pungens)
Thornapple (Datura spp)
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Type 3b
Vetch (Commercial) (Vicia spp)
Vetch (Tare) (Vicia sativa)
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Type 3c
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Heliotrope (Blue) (Heliotropium amplexicaule)

Heliotrope (Common) (Heliotropium europaeum)
Note included in this Type are tolerances for both seeds and pods.
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Type 3d
Double Gees / Spiny Emex / Three Cornered Jack (Emex australis)
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Type 4
Bindweed (Field) (Convolvulus arvensis)
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Cut-leaf mignonette seeds or pods (Reseda lutea)

Darnel (Drake Seed) (Lolium temulentum)
Hexham Scent/King Island Melilot (Melilotus indicus) acceptable only if free from taint odour
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Hoary Cress (Cardaria draba)

Mintweed (Salvia reflexa)
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Nightshades (Solanum spp)

Paddy Melon (Cucumis myriocarpus)
Skeleton Weed (Chondrilla juncea)
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Variegated Thistle (Silybum marianum)

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Type 5
Knapweed (Creeping/Russian) (Acroptilon repens)
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Paterson’s Curse / Salvation Jane (Echium plantagineum)

Sesbania Pea (Sesbania cannabina)
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Type 6
Colombus Grass (Sorghum almum)
Johnson Grass (Sorghum halepense)
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Type 7a
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Broad Bean (Vicia faba)

Chickpeas (Cicer arietinum)
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Clover pods (Tribolium spp)

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Corn (Maize)( Zea mays)

EAS 2:2010
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Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)
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Faba Beans (Vicia faba)
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Lentils (Lens culinaris)
Lupin (Lupinus spp)
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Medic Pods (Medicago spp)
Peas (Field) (Pisum sativum)
Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius)
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Soybean (Glycine max)
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus)
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And any other seeds or pods greater than 5mm in diameter
Type 7b
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6 row barley
Bindweed (Australian) (Convolvulus erubescens)
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Bindweed (Black) (Polygonum convolvulus)
Brome Grass (Bromus spp)
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Muskweed (Myagrum perfoliatum)
Onion weed (Asphodelus fistulosis)
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Phalaris glumes (Phalaris spp)
Poverty weed (Calocephalus sonderi)
Ryegrass on stalk
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Sheep weed (Chondrilla juncea)
Sorghum (Grain) (Sorghum bicolor)
Three horn bedstraw (Galium tricornutum)
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Turnip Weed (Rapistrum rugosum)
Type 7b includes any other Foreign Seeds not specified in Types 1 - 7a, in Small Foreign Seeds
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or listed elsewhere within these Standards.
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Other categories
Other Foreign Seed categories exist, being:
⎯ Wheat, Cereal Rye, Triticale, Cultivated Oats, Rice (often referred to as Foreign
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Grain)
⎯ Wild Oats and Wild Radish Pods
⎯ Barley with Coloured Aleurone Layer (blue / black) (Feed grades only)
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All Foreign Seed Pods not listed above such as those that are 5mm or less in diameter are
included as Foreign Material, whether whole pods or part thereof.
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3.32
frost damaged kernels
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kernels which appear bleached or blistered and the seed coat may be peeling, germs may appear dead or
on
discoloured
3.33
ts
fusarium damage
kernels of maize discoloured by pink, orange or black encrustations of fusarium mould. Under
en
magnification, the black encrustations appear raised above the surface of the kernel and are surrounded
by a white mould. The black encrustations can be scraped off. Some degree of judgment is required
mm
when identifying kernels with the fusarium mould. Only those kernels which meet this description are to
be designated as fusarium damaged.
3.34
co
germ-damaged kernels
kernels, pieces of maize kernels, other grains, and wild oats that have dead or discoloured germ ends
or
3.35
grades for maize
ft f
(a) Class White Maize — Grade WM1, Grade WM2, Grade WM3, and Grade WM4;
(b) Class Yellow Maize — Grade YM1, Grade YM2, Grade YM3 and Grade YM4; and
a
(c) Class Red Maize — Grade RM1, Grade RM2, Grade RM3 and Grade RM4
Dr

EAS 2:2010
d
r
3.36
da
heat damaged
Kernels and pieces of corn kernels that are materially discoloured and damaged by heat. Heated kernels
an
have at least one of the following characteristics:
⎯ Whole kernels or pieces of kernels which range in colour from amber to dark brown over the entire
kernel
St
⎯ Kernels which are totally discoloured by fermentation and show no natural colour on the crowns or
dorsals, or both
an
⎯ The germ of the kernel is amber to dark brown and is severely puffed in the germ area when heated
in a drier
ri c
⎯ A kernel of any other grain that is heated
Af
If kernels exhibit none of the above characteristics, but are not whole or sound, they are classed as
Damaged.
st
NOTE Cracked corn and foreign material that is heated is included with heated corn for grade assessment.
Ea
The above defective grains may become damaged to the extent that they may be referred to as Rotted.
Rotted grains are included in the definition for Heat Damaged, Bin Burnt or Storage Mould Affected.
Rotted grains are those that have become severely affected by the development of fungi or bacteria due
as
to high moisture conditions. Individual grains appear distinctly discoloured by mould and are swollen and
soft. Affected grains will feel spongy under pressure and/or emit a mouldy odour.
ed
3.37
insect or vermin damaged grains
cit
kernels with obvious weevil-bored holes or which have evidence of boring or tunneling, indicating the presence
of insects, insect webbing or insect refuse, or degermed grains, chewed in one or more than one part of the
kernel which exhibit evident traces of an attack by vermin
be
3.38
t to
immature/shriveled grains
maize grains which are underdeveloped, thin and papery in appearance
No
3.39
injured-by-frost kernels
kernels and pieces of maize kernels that are distinctly indented, immature, or shrunken in appearance or
that are light green in colour as a result of frost before maturity
—
3.40
ly
injured-by-heat kernels
kernels, pieces of maize kernels and other grains that are slightly discoloured as a result of heat
on
3.41
injured-by-mould kernels
ts
kernels and pieces of maize kernels containing slight evidence of mould

en
3.42
discoloured kernels
mm
kernels materially discoloured by excessive heat, including that caused by excessive respiration (heat
damage) and dried damaged kernels. Kernels may appear darkened, wrinkled, blistered, puffed or swollen,
often with discoloured, damaged germs. The seed coat may be peeling or may have peeled off completely,
co
giving kernels a checked appearance.
3.43
or
mildew
a fungal condition that develops in unthreshed grain usually under conditions of excessive moisture. The
ft f
affected kernels are greyish in colour and lower in quality. In the evaluation of mildew, consider the
number of affected kernels and their severity. See Severe mildew.
a
Dr

EAS 2:2010
d
3.44
r
moisture
da
the amount of water present in the sample as determined by the appropriate analytical method
an
3.45
mould-damaged kernels
kernels, pieces of maize kernels and other grains that are weathered and contain considerable evidence
St
of mould
an
3.46
nil
a level of zero in a half litre sample representative of the entire load and/or not detected in the load or
ri c
in/on the delivery vessel at any stage of the receival process
Af
3.47
objectionable material
st
refers to objectionable foreign matter that may or may not be otherwise stated in this standard which has
the ability to degrade the hygiene of maize, become a food safety issue of concern or has a commercially
Ea
unacceptable odour. This includes but is not limited to the following:
(a) Animal material — meat meal, bone meal, poultry offal, meal or any other animal proteins. Animal
as
material also includes carcasses of dead animals such as rats and mice.
(b) Odour — A commercially unacceptable odour is defined as a sour or musty or other objectionable
ed
odour emanating from the maize which is not natural or normally associated with barley. Odour
may be caused by various means which may or may not be physically discernable in the sample
being assessed.
cit
(c) Stick — ligneous material greater than 1cm in length and 0.5cm in diameter. Note that crop stubble
be
greater than 3cm in length and 1cm in diameter is defined as a stick.
(d) Tainting Agent — A Tainting agent is any contaminant that imparts a smell or taint to maize. It
t to
includes but is not limited to plant parts and seeds of Eucalyptus spp.
(e) Stone — A Stone or gravel is defined as a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter being
No
greater than 2mm in length or diameter. Smaller material is defined as sand.

(f) Water — The addition of water to grain prior to delivery is a prohibited practice.
—
(g) Other — This refers to any other commercially unacceptable contaminant such as animal excreta,
glass, concrete, fertiliser or metal.
ly
3.48
odour
on
There is no numeric tolerance for odour. Consider

⎯ The basic quality of the sample
⎯ The type and degree of the odour
ts
⎯ The presence of visible residue causing the odour

en
3.49
mm
pea weevil
insects of the species Bruchus pisorum. The tolerance applies to all life stages of the insect. As pea
weevils are commonly found inside field pea seeds, it is recommended that a number of field peas
present in a load of grain should be broken and assessed for the presence of this insect. Note that a
co
separate tolerance applies to Live and Dead Pea Weevils.
3.50
or
pickling compounds
chemicals added to grain as a seed treatment or as a seed dressing prior to sowing. They are usually
ft f
associated with a colouring agent. Grains contaminated in this way may be identified by an unnatural
surface colour and/or colour that rubs off. Pickling compounds include but are not limited to fenaminosulf,
a
triadimenol, carboxin, flutriafol, bitertanol and any other fungicide added to the grain as a seed treatment.
Dr

EAS 2:2010
r d
3.51
da
poisonous, toxic and/or harmful seeds
any seed which if present in quantities above permissible limit may have damaging or dangerous effect
an
on health, organoleptic properties or technological performance such as Jimson weed — dhatura (D.
fastuosa Linn and D. stramonium Linn.) corn cokle (Agrostemma githago L., Machai Lallium remulenum
Linn.) Akra (Vicia species), Argemone mexicana, Khesari and other seeds that are commonly recognized
St
as harmful to health
an
3.52
rotted kernels
kernels that are discoloured, swollen, soft and spongy as a result of decomposition by fungi or bacteria.
ri c
Consider rotted kernels in combination with severely mildewed and heated.
Af
3.53
sand grain
st
a particle of unconsolidated (loose), rounded to angular rock fragment or mineral grain between 0.06mm
and 2.00mm in diameter. Smaller material is classified under Foreign Material. Larger material is
Ea
classified as Earth or Stones.
3.54
as
Sclerotia (sclerotium, singular)
dark colored or black resting bodies of the fungi Sclerotinia and Claviceps
ed
3.55
Sclerotinia
genus name which includes the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum which produces sclerotia. The sclerotia
cit
vary in size and shape, have a course surface texture, vary in exterior color from dark black to grey to
white and have a pure white interior.
be
3.56
screenings
See “Unmillable Material below the Screen”.
t to
3.57
severely mildewed
No
kernels that are severely blackened by mildew. See Mildew. Consider severe mildew in combination with
rotted and heated kernels.
3.58
—
sieves
(1) 12/64 round-hole sieve — A metal sieve 0.032 inch thick with round perforations 0.1875 (12/64)
inch in diameter which are 1/4 inch from center to center. The perforations of each row shall be
ly
staggered in relation to the adjacent row.

on
(2) 6/64 round-hole sieve — A metal sieve 0.032 inch thick with round perforations 0.0937 (6/64) inch
in diameter which are 5/32 inch from center to center. The perforations of each row shall be
staggered in relation to the adjacent row.
ts
3.59
en
small foreign seeds

all small foreign seeds in the unmillable material fraction which have fallen below the screen during the
mm
screening process, except those specifically mentioned in the Foreign Seeds definition.
3.60
snails
co
whole or substantially whole (more than half) snail shells, irrespective of size. These include but are not
limited to: Common White Snail (Cernuella virgata); White Italian Snail (Theba pisana); Pointed Snail
(Cochlicella actua); Small Pointed Snail (Cochlicella abarbara); Any other snail
or
3.61
ft f
soft earth pellets

⎯ Earth pellets that crumble into fine dust under light pressure, using a finger only—if they do not
crumble, they are considered Stones.
a
⎯ Any non-toxic material of similar consistency

Dr

EAS 2:2010
r d
3.62
da
smuts
refers to all smut types of all cereals. Includes Ball and Covered smut.
an
3.63
stones
St
hard shale, coal, hard earth pellets, and any other non toxic materials of similar consistency. Fertilizer
pellets are assessed as stones when constituting 1.0% or less of the net sample weight.
an
3.64
stored grain insects
ri c
These are insects which cause damage to stored grain. These include: Angoumois Grain Moth (Sitrotroga
cerealella); Confused Flour Beetle (Tribolium confusum); Flat Grain Beetle (Cryptolestes spp); Granary
Af
Weevil (Sitophilus granarius); Indian Meal Moth (Plodia interpunctella); Khapra Beetle (Trogoderma
granarium); Lesser Grain Borer (Rhyzopertha dominica); Maize Weevil (Sitophilus zeamais);
st
Psocids/Book lice (Psocoptera sp); Rice Weevil (Sitophilus oryzae); Rust-red Flour Beetle (Tribolium
castaneum); Saw Tooth Grain Beetle (Oryzaephilus surinamensis); Tropical Warehouse Moth (Ephestia
Ea
cautella); Warehouse Beetle (Trogoderma variable)
NOTE A separate tolerance exists for dead and live Stored Grain Insects. The tolerance applies to all life stages of the insect.
as
For Dead Stored Grain Insects, pieces of insects that are not whole or not readily able to be identified by
species are classified as Foreign Material.
ed
3.65
test weight
cit
the density of a measured volume of grain expressed in kilograms per hectolitre
be
3.66
treated seed and other chemical substances
⎯ Treated seed — Treated seed is grain that has been coated with an agricultural chemical for
t to
agronomicpurposes. These seed dressings contain a dye to render the treated seed visually
conspicuous. The colour of the dye varies depending upon the type of treatment and the type of
grain. The coatings or stains may appear greasy or powdery and surface area distribution ranges
No
from tiny flecks to complete coverage.

⎯ Other chemical substances — Other chemical substances refers to any chemical residues either
adhering to the kernel or remaining in the sample and to samples having a chemical odour of any
kind.
—
3.67
ly
unmillable material below the screen (screenings)

the total material passing through a 4.75 mm screen after a sample of grain is subjected to the screening
on
process. It includes Small Foreign Seeds.
3.68
ts
variety
en
maize is graded without reference to variety
3.69
mm
waxy corn
corn that consists of 95 percent or more waxy corn
co
4 Essential composition and quality factors
4.1 Basis of determination

or
Each determination of class, damaged kernels, heat-damaged kernels, waxy corn, flint corn, and flint and
ft f
dent corn is made on the basis of the grain after the removal of the broken corn and foreign material.
Other determinations not specifically provided for under the general provisions are made on the basis of
a
Dr

EAS 2:2010
d
the grain as a whole, except the determination of odour is made on either the basis of the grain as a
r
whole or the grain when free from broken corn and foreign material.
da
4.2 Representative portion of maize grains for grading, grams
an
All grading is done on representative portions divided down from the cleaned sample, using a Boerner-
type divider.
St
Table 1 — Representative portion of corn for grading, grams
an
Grading factor Minimum Optimum Export
ri c
Caramelized kernels 100 500 500
Classes 100 working sample working sample
Cracked corn and foreign material working sample working sample working sample
Af
Damage 100 500 500
Excreta working sample working sample working sample
st
Fireburnt working sample working sample working sample
Heated and rotted 100 500 working sample
Ea
Odour working sample working sample working sample
Stones 500 working sample working sample
as
4.3 General quality requirements
ed
4.3.1 Maize grains shall meet the following general requirements/limits as determined using the
relevant standards listed in Clause 2. All grades of maize
cit
a) shall be the dried whole grain shelled dent maize, Zea mays indentata L., and/or shelled flint maize,
Zea mays indurata L., or their hybrids;
be
b) be sweet, hard, clean, wholesome, uniform in size, shape, colour and in sound merchantable
condition;
t to
c) shall be free from a substance which renders it unfit for human or animal consumption or
processing into or utilisation thereof as food or feed;
No
d) shall be free from glass, metal, coal or dung;
e) shall be free of pests, live animals, animal carcasses, animal droppings, fungus infestation, added
—
colouring matter, moulds, weevils, obnoxious substances, discoloration and all other impurities
except to the extent indicated in this standard and must meet any other phytosanitary requirements
ly
specified by the importing country authority;

on
f) shall be free from filth (impurities of plant and animal origin including insects, rodent hair and
excreta) in amounts that represent a hazard to human health;
ts
g) shall be free from toxic or noxious seeds that are commonly recognized as harmful to health;
en
h) shall be free from abnormal flavours, musty, sour or other undesireable odour, obnoxious smell and
discolouration;
mm
i) shall be free from micro-organisms and substances originating from micro-organisms, fungi or
other poisonous or deleterious substances in amounts that may constitute a hazard to human
co
health;
j) shall contain no chemical residues which exceed the prescribed maximum residue limit: Provided
or
that:
ft f
(i) if the prescribed maximum residue limit of an importing country is lower than is permissible,
the prescribed maximum residue limit of the importing country shall be complied with; and
a
Dr

EAS 2:2010
d
(ii) the Food Safety Authority may grant permission for maize with a higher maximum residue
r
limit, to be exported to countries where this higher residue limit is permissible: Provided that
da
the export documents are accordingly endorsed with the name of the importing country;
an
k) shall contain not more than 10 microgram per kilogram aflatoxin of which not more than 5
microgram per kilogram may be aflatoxin B1: Provided that:
St
(i) if the prescribed maximum aflatoxin limit of an importing country is lower than is permissible,
the prescribed maximum aflatoxin limit of the importing country shall be complied with;
an
(ii) the Food Safety Authority may grant permission for maize with a higher maximum aflatoxin
content to be exported to countries where this higher aflatoxin limit is permissible: Provided
ri c
that the export documents are accordingly endorsed with the name of the importing country;
and
Af
(iii) an inspector shall verify compliance to the levels of aflatoxin by sampling and submitting
st
samples for analysis of only certain consignments according to a risk-based plan.
l) shall be free from stones which cannot pass through the 6.35 mm round-hole sieve;
Ea
m) shall contain not more than one gram of stones which can pass through the 6.35 mm round-hole
sieve, per 10 kg; and
as
n) shall comply with the requirements for declared plant injurious organisms of phytosanitary
ed
importance as determined by the plant health protection agency.
4.3.2 Maize grains shall be in form of well-filled seeds of uniform colour.

cit
4.3.3 If maize grains are presented in bags, the bags shall also be free of pests and contaminants. In
be
addition the maize grains shall comply with any conditions set by the importing country authority.
4.3.4 If maize grains are rejected because pests or contaminants are found in inspected samples, the
t to
maize grains are not to be re-presented for inspection unless they have been treated or cleaned in
accordance with accepted standard procedures.
No
4.3.5 Blending of rejected maize grains is not permitted as a treatment for insect infestation or as a
method of cleaning for contaminants for which there is a nil tolerance
4.3.6 Brushing the outside of bags is not permitted as a remedy to remove pests or contaminants.
—
4.4 Presentation
ly
4.4.1 Maize may be presented as yellow, white, or red, or a mixture of these colours.
on
4.4.1.1 Yellow maize shall contain not more than 5.0 % by weight of maize of other colours. Maize grains
which are yellow and/or light red in colour are considered to be yellow maize. Yellow maize also means
ts
maize grains which are yellow and dark red in colour, provided the dark red colour covers less than 50 % of
en
the surface of the grain.
4.4.1.2 White maize shall contain not more than 2.0 % by weight of maize of other colours. Maize grains
mm
which are white and/or light pink in colour are considered to be white maize. White maize also means maize
grains which are white and pink in colour, provided the pink colour covers less than 50 % of the surface of
the grain.
co
4.4.1.3 Red maize shall contain not more than 5.0 % by weight of maize of other colours. Maize grains
which are pink and white, grey or dark red and yellow in colour are considered to be red maize, provided the
or
pink or dark red or yellow colour covers 50 % or more of the surface of the grain.
ft f
4.4.1.4 Mixed maize includes maize not falling into the classes of white, yellow or red maize as defined in
4.4.1.1 to 4.4.1.3
a
Dr
4.4.2 Maize also may be presented as flint or dent or their hybrids or mixtures thereof.

EAS 2:2010
r d
4.4.2.1 Flint maize includes maize of any colour which consists of 95 % or more by weight of grains of flint
da
maize.
an
4.4.2.2 Dent maize includes maize of any colour which consists of 95 % or more by weight of grains of
dent maize.
St
4.4.2.3 Flint and dent maize includes maize of any colour which consists of more than 0.5 % but less than
95.0 % of flint maize.
an
4.5 Maize grains for human consumption
ri c
Maize grains for human consumption shall be classified into four grades on the basis of the tolerable
limits established in Table 2 which shall be additional to the general requirements set out in this standard.
Af
4.5.1 Unclassified maize grains
st
Shall be maize grains which do not fall within the requirements of Grades 1, 2, 3 and 4 of this standard
but are not rejected maize grains.
Ea
4.5.2 Reject maize
as
Maize that:
(a) Does not meet the requirements for the Grades No 1, 2, 3, or 4; or
ed
(b) Contains stones with an aggregate weight in excess of 0.1 percent of the sample weight, 2 or more
pieces of glass, 3 or more crotalaria seeds (Crotalaria spp.), 2 or more castor beans (Ricinus
cit
communis L.), 4 or more particles of an unknown foreign substance(s) or a commonly recognized
harmful or toxic substance(s), 8 or more cockleburs (Xanthium spp.), or similar seeds singly or in
combination, or animal filth in excess of 0.20 percent in 1,000 grams; or
be
(c) Has a musty, sour, or commercially objectionable foreign odour; or

(d) Is heating or otherwise of distinctly low quality.
t to
It cannot satisfy the conditions of unclassified maize grains and shall be classified as reject maize grains
and shall be condemned as unfit for human consumption.
No
4.6 Requirements for containers

(1) A container, excluding a ship's hold, railway truck or road truck and storage facility, which contain
—
maize intended for export shall be suitable, intact (excluding holes made by a grain probe in the
case of bags), clean, dry and odourless.
ly
(2) Subject to the provisions of subitem (1) a bag which contain maize intended for export shall --
on
(a) be new;
(b) be strong enough for the conveyance of the maximum mass of maize that can be
ts
accommodated in that bag; and

(c) not be stained by any colouring matter or be impregnated by any liquid capable of imparting
en
stains, excluding normal discoloration due to exposure to the sun.

mm
(3) A ship's hold into which maize intended for export is released, shall --
(a) apparently be free from insects; and
(b) be reasonably free from pieces of grain or any other material that may harbour insects;
co
(4) A storage facility or railway truck or road truck shall --

(a) apparently be free from insects; and
or
(b) be reasonably free from pieces of grain or any other material that may harbour insects;
ft f
Provided that an inspector may order the exporter or agent to clean, treat or fumigate a contaminated
storage facility or railway truck or road truck.
a
Dr

EAS 2:2010
d
Table 2 — Specific requirements for maize grains for human consumption
r
Characteristic Specification Method of
da
Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 test
Description Hybrids 99.8 % free from genetic modification
Colour classes White, red, yellow or mixed varieties
an
Moisture, max (%) 12 12.5 13.5 13.5 ISO 711/712
Standard of quality Minimum test weight kg/hl (g/0.5 L) 68 (344) 66 (333) 64 (322) 62 (311)
Degree of soundness Cool, sweet, Cool and Cool and Cool and ISO 605
St
uniform size sweet sweet sweet
Total Admixture Max (% by wt) 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
Foreign Material Max (% by wt)(All matter other than maize) 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
Cracked corn and foreign material (% by wt) 2.0 3.0 5.0 7.0
an
Screenings Max (% by wt)(All matter passing through a 4.75mm round hole screen following 2.0 3.0 5.0 7.0
the screening process)
Trash Max (% by wt)(Chaff and other Trash retained above a 4.75mm round hole screen 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0
following the screening process)
ri c
Other classes max (% by wt) 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
Other edible grains (% by wt) 0.5 1.0 2.0 3.0
Defective Broken and cracked (Includes grains that remain whole yet contain 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0
Af
grains, max (% hairline fractures)
by weight, 200 Heat damaged 0.10 0.20 0.50 1.0
grain sample, Dead or mouldy (Includes storage mould. Dead are those that have 1.5 2.0 4.0 4.0
unless been affected by disease and appear >75% opaque. Also includes black
st
otherwise point)
stated Pink-stained (entire load) (Various Fusarium sp. and other fungi that Nil Nil Nil Nil
Ea
cause pink staining)
Immature and shrivelled grains 1.0 2.0 4.0 6.0
Insect-damaged grains (weevilled)(per cent by count) 1.0 3.0 4.0 6.0
Total defective(Sprouted, frost damaged, dark grain, dry green, 3.0 4.0 7.0 10.0
sappy, insect damaged, field fungi, weather stained, heat damaged)
as
Foreign seed Type 1 (Individual seed basis)(Colocynth, Double Gees/Spiny 8 8 8 8
contaminants, Emex/Three Cornered Jack, Jute, Long Headed Poppy, Mexican Poppy,
Max – (count Field Poppy, Horned Poppy, Wild Poppy, New Zealand Spinach,
of seeds in Parthenium Weed (Qualitative identification only))
ed
total per half Type 2 (entire load) (Common Broomrape, Castor Oil Plant, Coriander, Nil Nil Nil Nil
litre unless Crow Garlic/Wild Garlic, Darling Pea, Opium Poppy, Peanut seeds and
otherwise pods, Ragweed, Rattlepods (Crotalaria), Starburr, St. John’s Wort)
stated) Type 3 (a) (Bathurst burr, Bellvine, Bulls head/Caltrop/Cats head, Cape 2 2 2 2
cit
Tulip, Cottonseed, Dodder, Noogoora burr, Thornapple/False castor oil)
Type 3 (b) (Vetch (Blue/Tare) and Vetch (Commercial)) 4 4 4 4
Type 3 (c) (Heliotrope (Blue), Heliotrope (Common)) 8 8 8 8
Type 4(a) (Bindweed (Field), Cutleaf Mignonette seeds or pods, Damel,
be
Hexham Scent/King Island Melilot (Hexham Scent is only acceptable if

20 20 20 20
no tainting odour is present), Hoary Cress, Mintweed, Nightshades,
Paddy Melon, Skeleton Weed, Variegated Thistle)
Type 5 (Knapweed (Creeping/Russian), Patterson’s Curse/Salvation 40 40 40 40
t to
Jane, Sesbania pea)

Type 6 (Saffron Thistle, Johnson Grass, Colombus Grass) 10 10 10 10
Type 7 (a) (Chickpeas, Cowpea, Faba Beans, Lentils, Lupin, Peas
(Field), Safflower, Soybean, Sunflower and any other seeds or pods 50 50 50 50
greater than 5mm in diameter)
No
Type 7 (b) (Barley, Bindweed, Bindweed (Black), Wheat, Durum, Oats

(Black), Oats (Sand), Oats (Wild), Oats (Common), Rice, Rye (Cereal),
400 400 400 400
Sorghum (Forage), Sorghum (Grain), Triticale, Turnip Weed and any
other weed seeds not specified in Types 1-7(a) or SFS)
Small Foreign Seeds (% by weight) (All foreign seeds not specified in
—
Types 1-7(b) that fall below the 4.75mm screen during the Screenings 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6
process)
Other Smut – Boil (% by weight)( Smut caused by Ustilago maydis) 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
contaminants, Smut – All Others (entire load)( Includes Ball Smut, Gall Smut and all Nil Nil Nil Nil
ly
Max - (count Smut other than Boil Smut)

per half litre, Ergot – Ryegrass (length in cm)(Length of all pieces present aligned end 0.50 0.50 0.50 0.50
on
unless on end)
otherwise Ergot – Cereal (entire load)( Whole or pieces of Cereal Ergot) Nil Nil Nil Nil
stated) Aflatoxin – Total ppb(Total Aflatoxin including (AFB1+AFB2+AFG1 10 10 10 10
[Total includes +AFG2))
ts
any Fumonisin – Total ppb(Total Fumonisin including (FB1 + FB2 + FB3)) 5 5 5 5

combination: Stored Grain insects & Pea Weevils – Live (entire load) (All life stages) Nil Nil Nil Nil
If any one
Stored Grain insects & Pea Weevils – Dead (All life stages) 10 10 10 10
en
contaminant
Field Insects – Sitona Weevil (Dead or alive) 10 10 10 10
exceeds the
maximum Field Insects – All Others (Dead or alive) 3 3 3 3
total, failure is Snails (Dead or Alive) 2 2 2 2
mm
declared) Earth (Pieces of Earth, maximum 5mm in diameter each) 3 3 3 3

Sand (Individual grains of sand)(Aggregate weight of stones shall not 50 50 50 50
exceed 0.20 % of the sample weight)
Objectionable Material (entire load) (Sticks, stones, glass, concrete, or Nil Nil Nil Nil ISO 605
any other commercially unacceptable contaminant)
co
Pickled and Coloured Grain (entire load)( Pickled grain, dyed grain) Nil Nil Nil Nil
Odour (entire load) (Grain which has any commercially foreign odour
due to tainting agents or improper storage causing mould, souring or Nil Nil Nil Nil
musty odours)
or
Chemicals Not Approved for maize (entire load) (Residues of any

chemical compound not approved for maize, or used in contravention of Nil Nil Nil Nil
the labelled instructions)
ft f
a
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EAS 2:2010
d
4.7 Feed maize grades
r
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Table 3 — Specific requirements for feed maize grains
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Characteristic Specification Method of test
Grade 1 Grade 2
Description Hybrids 99.8 % free from genetic
St
modification
Colour classes White, red, yellow or mixed varieties
Moisture, max (%) 14.0 14.0 ISO 711/712
Standard of quality Minimum test weight kg/hl (g/0.5 L) 68 (344) 66 (333)
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Degree of soundness Cool and sweet May have a ISO 605
slight odour,
not musty
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Total Admixture Max (% by wt)(Total of Foreign Material, Screenings and Trash) 8.0 8.0
Foreign Material Max (% by wt)(All matter other than maize) 5.0 5.0
Cracked corn and foreign material (% by wt) 5.0 7.0
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Screenings Max (% by wt)(All matter passing through a 4.75mm round hole screen following the screening 5.0 5.0
process)
Trash Max (% by wt)(Chaff and other Trash retained above a 4.75mm round hole screen following the 4.0 4.0
screening process)
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Other classes max (% by wt) 5.0 5.0
Other edible grains (% by wt) 0.5 1.0
Defective Broken and cracked (Includes grains that remain whole yet contain hairline fractures) 8.0 10.0
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grains, max Heat damaged 1.0 3.0
(% by Dead or mouldy (Includes storage mould. Dead are those that have been affected by 5.0 7.0
weight, 200 disease and appear >75% opaque. Also includes black point)
grain Pink-stained (entire load) (Various Fusarium sp. and other fungi that cause pink staining) Nil Nil
sample,
as
Immature and shrivelled grains 5.0 5.0
unless Insect-damaged grains (weevilled)(per cent by count) 2.0 3.0
otherwise Total Defective(Includes Sprouted, Frost Damaged, Dark Grain, Dry Green, Sappy, 5.0 7.0
stated Insect Damaged, Field Fungi , Weather Stained, Heat Damaged)
ed
Foreign Type 1 (Individual seed basis)(Colocynth, Double Gees/Spiny Emex/Three Cornered 8 8
seed Jack, Jute, Long Headed Poppy, Mexican Poppy, Field Poppy, Horned Poppy, Wild
contaminant Poppy, New Zealand Spinach, Parthenium Weed (Qualitative identification only))
s, Max – Type 2 (entire load) (Common Broomrape, Castor Oil Plant, Coriander, Crow Garlic/Wild Nil Nil
(count of
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Garlic, Darling Pea, Opium Poppy, Peanut seeds and pods, Ragweed, Rattlepods
seeds in (Crotalaria), Starburr, St. John’s Wort)
total per Type 3 (a) (Bathurst Burr, Bellvine, Bulls Head/Caltrop/Cats Head, Cape Tulip, 2 2
half litre Cottonseed, Dodder, Noogoora Burr, Thornapple/False Castor Oil)
be
unless Type 3 (b) (Vetch (Blue/Tare) and Vetch (Commercial)) 4 4

otherwise Type 3 (c) (Heliotrope (Blue), Heliotrope (Common)) 8 8
stated) Type 4(a) (Bindweed (Field), Cutleaf Mignonette seeds or pods, Damel, Hexham
Scent/King Island Melilot (Hexham Scent is only acceptable if no tainting odour is
20 20
t to
present), Hoary Cress, Mintweed, Nightshades, Paddy Melon, Skeleton Weed,

Variegated Thistle)
Type 5 (Knapweed (Creeping/Russian), Patterson’s Curse/Salvation Jane, Sesbania pea) 40 40
Type 6 (Saffron Thistle, Johnson Grass, Colombus Grass) 10 10
Type 7 (a) (Chickpeas, Cowpea, Faba Beans, Lentils, Lupin, Peas (Field), Safflower,
No
50 50
Soybean, Sunflower and any other seeds or pods greater than 5mm in diameter)
Type 7 (b) (Barley, Bindweed (Australian), Bindweed (Black), Wheat, Durum, Oats
(Black), Oats (Sand), Oats (Wild), Oats (Common), Rice, Rye (Cereal), Sorghum
400 400
(Forage), Sorghum (Grain), Triticale, Turnip Weed and any other weed seeds not
specified in Types 1-7(a) or SFS)
—
Small Foreign Seeds (% by weight) (All foreign seeds not specified in Types 1-7(b) that
1.6 1.6
fall below the 4.75mm screen during the Screenings process)
Other Smut – Boil (% by weight)( Smut caused by Ustilago maydis) 3.0 5.0
contaminant Smut – All Others (entire load)( Includes Ball Smut, Gall Smut and all Smut other than Nil Nil
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s, Max - Boil Smut)

(count per Ergot – Ryegrass (length in cm)( Length of all pieces present aligned end on end) 0.50 0.50
on
half litre, Ergot – Cereal (entire load)( Whole or pieces of Cereal Ergot) Nil Nil
unless Aflatoxin – Total ppb(Total Aflatoxin including (AFB1+AFB2+AFG1 +AFG2)) 20 80
otherwise Fumonisin – Total ppb(Total Fumonisin including (FB1 + FB2 + FB3)) 10 40
stated) Aflatoxin B1- ppb(Aflatoxin B1 only) 10 20
[Total
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Stored Grain insects & Pea Weevils – Live (entire load) (All life stages) Nil Nil
includes
Stored Grain insects & Pea Weevils – Dead (All life stages) 10 10
any
Field Insects – Sitona Weevil (Dead or alive) 10 10
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combination
: If any one Field Insects – All Others (Dead or alive) 3 3
contaminant Snails (Dead or Alive) 2 2
exceeds the Earth (Pieces of Earth, maximum 5mm in diameter each) 3 3
mm
maximum Sand (Individual grains of sand)(Aggregate weight of stones shall not exceed 0.20 % of 50 50
total, failure the sample weight)
is declared) Objectionable Material (entire load) (Sticks, stones, glass, concrete, or any other Nil Nil ISO 605
commercially unacceptable contaminant)
Pickled and Coloured Grain (entire load)( Pickled grain, dyed grain) Nil Nil
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Odour (entire load) (Grain which has any commercially foreign odour due to tainting
Nil Nil
agents or improper storage causing mould, souring or musty odours)
Chemicals Not Approved for maize (entire load) (Residues of any chemical compound not
approved for maize, or used in contravention of the labelled instructions) Nil Nil
or
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EAS 2:2010
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5 Contaminants
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5.1 Pesticide residues
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Maize grains shall comply with those maximum pesticide residue limits established by the Codex
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Alimentarius Commission for this commodity. The limits listed below were current as of the dates
indicated. Annex E provides current MRLs for the USA, EU and Codex markets.
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Table 4 — Maximum pesticide residue limits and extraneous maximum residue limits in maize
(current as at 2009-09-24)
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Type Unit symbol Limit Method of test Notes
2,4-D mg/kg 0.05
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ALDICARB mg/kg 0.05
BENTAZONE undef 0.2
BIFENTHRIN mg/kg 0.05(*) Residues are not expected to exceed 0.01 mg/kg
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CARBARYL mg/kg 0.02(*)
CARBOFURAN undef 0.05(*)
CARBOSULFAN undef 0.05(*)
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CHLORDANE mg/kg 0.02
CHLORPYRIFOS undef 0.05
CYPERMETHRIN mg/kg 0.05(*)
DIAZINON mg/kg 0.02(*)
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DIMETHENAMID-P undef 0.01(*)
DIQUAT mg/kg 0.05(*)
DISULFOTON mg/kg 0.02(*)
FIPRONIL mg/kg 0.01
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GLUFOSINATE-AMMONIUM mg/kg 0.1
GLYPHOSATE undef 5
LINDANE mg/kg 0.01(*)
cit
MALATHION undef 0.05
METHIDATHION mg/kg 0.1
METHIOCARB mg/kg 0.05(*)
METHOMYL mg/kg 0.02(*)
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METHOXYFENOZIDE undef 0.02(*)

PARAQUAT undef 0.3
PHORATE undef 0.05(*)
PROPARGITE mg/kg 0.1(*)
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PROPICONAZOLE undef 0.05

PYRACLOSTROBIN undef 0.02(*)
QUINTOZENE mg/kg 0.01(*)
TERBUFOS undef 0.01(*)
No
TRIFLOXYSTROBIN undef 0.02(*)
5.2 Metals contaminants

—
Maize grains shall be free from metals contaminants in amounts which may represent a hazard to health.
If present, they shall not exceed the limits established in Table 5.
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on
Table 5 —Metal contaminant limits
Parameter Limit Test method

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i) Arsenic (As), ppm max. 1.10 EAS 101 or EAS 100

ii) Copper (Cu), ppm max. 30.0 EAS 100
en
iii) Lead (Pb), ppm max. 2.50 EAS 100

iv) Cadmium (Cd), ppm max. 1.50 EAS 100
mm
v) Tin, Sn 250.0
vi) Zinc, Zn 50.0
vi) Mercury (Hg), ppm max. 1.0 EAS 100
vii) Methyl mercury, calculated as Hg 0.25
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5.3 Mycotoxin and chemical limits

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Maize grains shall comply with those maximum mycotoxin limits established by the Codex Alimentarius
ft f
Commission for this commodity.

a
5.3.1 Uric acid shall not exceed 100 milligrams per kilogram.
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EAS 2:2010
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5.3.2 Total aflatoxin levels in maize grains for human consumption shall not exceed 15 ppb of which B1
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shall not exceed 5 ppb when tested according to ISO 16050.
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5.4 Environment
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Maize shall be produced, processed and handled under conditions complying with the stipulations of
relevant environmental regulations and therefore conform to cleaner production technological practices.
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6 Hygiene
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6.1 It is recommended that the produce covered by the provisions of this Standard be prepared and
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handled in accordance with the appropriate sections of CAC/RCP 1, ISO 22000, and other relevant
Codex texts such as Codes of Hygienic Practice and Codes of Practice.
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6.2 The produce should comply with any microbiological criteria established in accordance with
CAC/GL 21.
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6.3 To the extent possible in good agricultural practice, the products shall be free from objectionable
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matter.
6.4 When tested by appropriate standards of sampling and examination listed in Clause 2, the
as
products:
⎯ shall be free from microorganisms in amounts which may represent a hazard to health and shall not
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exceed the limits stipulated in Table 6;
⎯ shall be free from parasites which may represent a hazard to health; and
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⎯ shall not contain any substance originating from microorganisms, including fungi, in amounts which
may represent a hazard to health.
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Table 6 — Microbiological limits for maize grains

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Type of micro-organism Limits Test method

i) Yeasts and moulds, max. per g 102
No
ii) S.aureus per 25 g Nil EAS 217

iii) E. Coli, max. per g Nil
iv) Salmonella, max. per 25 g Nil
—
7 Packaging
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7.1 Maize grains shall be packed in suitable packages which shall be clean, sound, free from insect,
fungal infestation and the packing material shall be of food grade quality.
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7.2 Maize grains shall be packed in containers which will safeguard the hygienic, nutritional,
technological and organoleptic qualities of the products.
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7.3 The containers, including packaging material, shall be made of substances which are safe and
suitable for their intended use. They shall not impart any toxic substance or undesirable odour or flavour
to the product.
mm
7.4 The net weight of the maize grains in a package shall comply with OIML R87.
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7.5 Each package shall contain maize grains of the same type and of the same grade designation.
7.6 Each package shall be securely closed and sealed.

or
8 Marking or labelling
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8.1 In addition to the requirements in EAS 38, each package shall be legibly and indelibly marked
a
with the following:

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EAS 2:2010
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i) product name as “Maize Grains”;
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ii) variety;
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iii) grade;
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iv) name, address and physical location of the manufacturer/ packer/importer;
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v) lot/batch/code number;
vi) net weight, in g/kg;
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vii) the declaration “Food for Human Consumption’’/”Animal Feed Maize”;
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viii) storage instruction as “Store in a cool dry place away from any contaminants’’;
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ix) crop year;
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x) packing date;
xi) expiry date or best before ___________month ______ year;
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xii) a declaration of the product lifespan;
xiii) instructions on disposal of used package;
ed
xiv) country of origin;
xv) a declaration on whether the maize was genetically modified or not.
cit
8.2 A declaration of any inaccurate information in marking/labelling is prohibited and shall be
be
punishable by law under the statutes of the Partner States.
8.3 The authorized packer shall observe all instructions regarding testing, grading, packing, marking,
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sealing and maintenance of records applicable to the product.
8.4 Non-retail containers

No
In the case of maize in non-retail containers the information given on the container required by 8.1 to 8.4
shall either be given on the container or in accompanying documents except that the name of the product
—
and the name and address of the manufacturer or packer shall appear on the container. However the name
and address of the manufacturer or packer may be replaced by an identification mark provided that such a
mark is clearly identifiable with the accompanying document.
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8.5 No wording, illustration or other device of expression which constitutes a misrepresentation or

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which, directly or by implication creates a misleading impression of the contents shall appear on a
container which contains maize.
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9 Methods of analysis and sampling

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9.1 Sampling
mm
9.1.1 General
Sampling shall be carried out in accordance with EAS 79.

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9.1.2 Obtaining of a sample

or
(1) An inspector shall for the purpose of this standard and requirements draw a representative
ft f
sample of maize in the following manner:
(a) In the case of consignment of maize which is exported in bags, small quantities of maize
a
shall be drawn in such a manner from a number of bags which is at least equal to the square
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EAS 2:2010
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root of the total number of bags in the consignment, that the samples drawn will be
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representative of the whole consignment. These samples shall be collected in a container
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and mixed thoroughly.
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(b) In the case of a consignment of maize which is exported in bulk:
(i) samples of maize which are presented in bulk containers, excluding grain elevators,
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shall be drawn at each hatch or from at least six different places, chosen at random
throughout the full depth of the consignment with a bulk grain probe in such a manner
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that the samples drawn will be representative of the contents of the bulk container.
The collective sample from each bulk container shall be mixed thoroughly and kept
separate for each bulk container for further examination; and shall have a total mass
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of at least 10 kg; and
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(ii) samples of maize which are loaded from a grain elevator into a ship's hold or railway
truck or road truck shall be drawn at regular intervals at the outflow of the shipping
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bins on to the conveyor belts in such a manner that the samples drawn will be
representative of the consignment which is loaded. Each separate sample shall be
Ea
mixed thoroughly before further examination and the collective sample shall have a
total mass of at least 10 kg.
as
(2) An inspector may at any time draw samples of maize from any part of a grain elevator.
9.1.3 Deviating sample
ed
If an inspector notices during the course or during inspection of taking the random samples that quantities
of maize drawn from any bag or portion of a bulk container are obviously inferior to, or differ from the
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contents of the container which represent the remainder of the bags or from the other parts of the bulk
container, the inspector shall draw samples only out of such bags or portion of a bulk container with the
be
inferior or differing maize, place them in a container and mix thoroughly. Samples drawn in this manner
shall, in the application of this standard and requirements, be considered as deviating samples and the
inspection results shall be based only on samples drawn from the containers of the deviating portion.
t to
9.2 Determination of undesirable odours, chemical residues, live insects and plant
injurious organisms of phytosanitary importance
No
(1) A consignment or a sample of a consignment of maize shall be sensorially assessed or

chemically analysed in order to determine whether it:
—
(a) has a musty, sour or other undesirable odour;

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(b) contains maize in or on which chemical residues or other substance occur that render it
on
unfit for human consumption or for processing into or utilisation as healthy food or feed;
(c) contains any insects injurious to stored grain;

ts
(d) contains glass, metal, coal, dung or stones; and

en
(e) may contain declared plant injurious organisms of phytosanitary importance.

mm
(2) The results of the determinations in paragraph (1) represent the findings in respect of the
consignment with regard to the presence of the factors thus determined.
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9.3 Determination of percentage of foreign matter
The percentage of foreign matter shall be determined as follows:

or
(a) Obtain a working sample of at least 200 g maize drawn from either a random or a deviating
ft f
sample, as the case may be.

a
(b) Sort the working sample in such a manner that the foreign matter is retained.
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EAS 2:2010
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(c) Determine the mass of the foreign matter so obtained and express it as a percentage of the mass
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of the working sample.
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(d) Such percentage shall represent the percentage of foreign matter in the consignment concerned.
9.4 Determination of percentage of defective maize kernels
St
The percentage of defective maize kernels shall be determined as follows:
an
(a) Obtain a working sample of at least 100 g maize obtained from either a random or a deviating
sample, as the case may be.
ri c
(b) Place the working sample on the 6.35 mm round-hole sieve that is fitted onto a matching tray, sieve it
Af
in such a manner that all the material on the sieve passes at least 20 times over the entire surface of
the sieve and determine the mass of the maize kernels and pieces of maize kernels that passed
st
through the sieve.
Ea
(c) Express the mass determined in terms of paragraph (b) as a percentage of the total mass of the
working sample.
as
(d) Remove all defective maize kernels from that part of the working sample remaining on the sieve
and determine the mass of the defective maize kernels thus removed.
ed
(e) Express the mass determined in terms of paragraph (d) as a percentage of the total mass of the
working sample. cit
(f) Calculate the sum total of the masses determined in terms of paragraphs (b) and (d).
be
(g) Express the combined mass calculated in terms of paragraph (f) as a percentage of the total
mass of the working sample.
t to
(h) In the case of yellow maize the percentage obtained:
(i) in terms of paragraph (c), represents the percentage of defective maize kernels in the
No
consignment concerned, which can pass through the 6.35 mm round-hole sieve; and
(ii) in terms of paragraph (e), represents the percentage of defective maize kernels in the
—
consignment concerned, which can not pass through the 6.35 mm round-hole sieve.
(i) In the case of white maize the percentage obtained in terms of paragraph (g) represents
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the percentage of defective maize kernels in the consignment concerned.

on
9.5 Determination of percentage of other colour maize kernels

ts
The percentage of other colour maize kernels shall be determined as follows:

en
(a) Obtain a working sample of at least 200 g maize from either a random or a deviating sample, as
the case may be.
mm
(b) Remove all maize kernels of other colour from the working sample and determine the mass
thereof.
co
(c) Express the mass thus determined as a percentage of the mass of the working sample.
(d) Such percentage shall represent the percentage of other colour maize kernels in the consignment
or
concerned.
ft f
9.6 Determination of percentage of pinked maize kernels

a
The percentage of pinked maize kernels shall be determined as follows:

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EAS 2:2010
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(a) Obtain a working sample of at least 100 g maize from either a random or a deviating sample, as
da
the case may be.
an
(b) Remove all pinked maize kernels from the working sample and determine the mass thereof.
(c) Express the mass thus determined as a percentage of the mass of the working sample.
St
(d) Such percentage shall represent the percentage of pinked maize kernels in the consignment
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concerned.
9.7 Determination of moisture
ri c
The moisture content shall be determined in accordance with EAS 285.
Af
10 Test report
st
The test report shall show the method used and the results obtained. It shall mention all operating details
Ea
not specified in this standard, or regarded as optional, as well as any circumstances that may have
influenced the test results.
as
ed
cit
be
t to
No
Mature maize in field Maize on cobs

—
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on
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en
mm
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Maize fields
or
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a
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EAS 2:2010
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da
an
St
an
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Broken maize grains Mixed maize grains
st
Ea
as
ed
cit
be
t to
Maize cobs of various colour Yellow maize grains

No
—
ly
on
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en
mm
Red maize on cobs Maize field

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or
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a
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EAS 2:2010
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Annex A
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(normative)
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Determination of impurities, size, foreign odours, insects, and species and variety
St
These shall be determined in accordance with ISO 605, Pulses — Determination of impurities, size,
foreign odours, insects, and species and variety — Test methods
an
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Af
st
Ea
as
ed
cit
be
t to
No
—
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on
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en
mm
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or
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EAS 2:2010
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Annex B
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(normative)
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Determination of moisture content
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Moisture content shall be determined in accordance with the following standards:
⎯ ISO 711, Cereals and cereal products — Determination of moisture content (Basic reference method)
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⎯ ISO 712, Cereals and cereal products — Determination of moisture content — Routine reference
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method
Af
st
Ea
as
ed
cit
be
t to
No
—
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on
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en
mm
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or
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EAS 2:2010
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Annex C
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(informative)
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Model certificate of conformity with standards for farm produce
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1. Trader: Certificate of conformity with the Community marketing
standards applicable to fresh fruits and vegetables
an
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No. …………………………..
(This certificate is exclusively for the use of inspection bodies)
Af
2. Packer identified on 3. Inspection body
packaging (if other than
st
trader)
Ea
1
4. Place of inspection/country of origin ( ) 5. Region or country of destination
as
6. Identifier of means of transport 7.
Internal
ed
cit
Import
be
Export
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8. Packages (number and 9. Type of product 10. Quality Class 11. Total net weight in kg
type) (variety if the
standards specifies)
No
12. The consignment referred to above conforms, at the time of issue, with the Community standards in force, vide:
—
EAS 2:2010, Maize grains — Specification and grading

____________________________________________________________________
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Customs office foreseen …………………………………. Place and date of issue …………………………………………….

on
Valid until (date): ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

ts
Signatory (name in block letters): …………………………………………………………………………………………………..

en
Signature Seal of competent authority

mm
13. Observations:
co
1
( ) Where the goods are being re-exported, indicate the origin in box 9.
or
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a
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EAS 2:2010
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Annex D
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(normative)
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Maize — Fact sheets
St
D.1 Zea mays
an
Authority L.
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Family Liliopsida:Commelinidae:Cyperales:Gramineae
Af
Synonyms Zea mays L. ssp. mays, Zea curagua Molina, Zea indentata
Sturtev., Zea indurata Sturtev., Zea japonica Van Houtte,
Zea saccharata Sturtev.
st
Common maize, corn, Mais, maiz, milho, yumi, khao phoat, bekolo,
Ea
names sila, sila nivava lagi, tomorokpshi, makai, makki, koane,
fiso, sana, keto (Simbo/Roviana), kon, mielie, mahindi,
ekidid (Karamojong), maidis stigmata, mbemba, poone,
as
upfu, hupfu, mbila
Editor
ed
Ecocrop 2175
code
cit
Description
be
A tall vigorous annual grass, and grain crop varying greatly in size according to race and growth
conditions; commercial types are about 2m tall. It has many fasciculate roots. The erect shoot (culm)
t to
consists of four basic structures: the internodes, the leaves, the prophyll and the bud or apical meristem,
which are collectively called the phytomer. The leaves that emerge from its nodes are alternate,
lanceolate, acuminate and parallel-veined with small ligules. Maize is a monoecious plant; it develops
No
inflorescences with unisexual flowers, and these are always born in separate parts of the plant. The
female inflorescence - the ear, arises from the axillary bud apices, and male inflorescence, the tassel,
develops from the apical growing point at the top of the plant. The kernel or fruit of maize is called a
caryopsis. The ovary wall or pericarp is fused with the seed coat or testa and these combined together
—
make the fruit wall. The mature fruit consists of three major parts - fruit wall, diploid embryo and triploid
endosperm. The outermost layer of the endosperm, in contact with fruit wall is called the aleurone layer.
ly
The mature corn kernel is made up of three main parts, the seed coat or pericarp, the starchy endosperm
and the embryo often called the germ, which will develop into a new plant.
on
Uses
ts
It is mainly grown for food and fodder. The grain is ground to flour and used in starchy foods and breads.
en
It is used in breakfast foods. Fermented grain is made into alcohol, which has become a prime use in the
USA. A ton of dried maize would yield about 370 kg of ethanol. Maize starch is used in cosmetics,
adhesives, glucose and syrup. Oil is extracted from the embryo and used as salad oil, and to make
mm
linolium, paints, varnishes, etc.
Killing temperature
co
It is easily killed by frost.

or
Growing period
ft f
Annual. In Kenya quick-maturing lowland varieties flower in 60 days and mature in 120 days, varieties
grown between 1200-2100 m in elevation flowers in 105 days and mature in 210 days, while varieties
a
grown at 2100-3200 m may take 195 days to flower and more than 365 days to mature. In the United
States on average it mature in 90-140 days.
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EAS 2:2010
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Further information
da
Maize is one of the most productive species of food plants being the second most important cereal grain
an
after wheat, with milled rice occupying third place. It is the top ranking cereal in grain yield per hectare
and is second to wheat in total production. Maize is of great economic significance worldwide as human
food as animal feed, and as a source of large number of industrial products. Maize has tremendous
St
variability in kernel colour, texture, composition and appearance. It is classified into distinct types based
on (a) endosperm and kernel constitution; (b) kernel colour; (c) environment in which it is grown; d)
an
maturity; and (e) its use. White, yellow and orange are prominent grain colours. Prominent maize kernel
types are flint, dent, pop, sweet, floury, morocho, and waxy. Quality Protein Maize (QPM with improved
protein quality), and High Oil Corn are speciality maize types. It can be found at elevations between sea
ri c
level and 4000 m and it can be grown at latitudes from 48°N to 40°S. The photosynthesis pathway C4 III
for tropical lowland types and C4 IV for highland and temperate types. Hot, dry winds may reduce the
Af
amount of pollen available for fertilization and humid conditions and hail can do damage. Since the crop
leaves much of the ground uncovered, soil erosion and water losses can be severe. The optimum yield is
st
7-11 t/ha, world average 3.6 t/ha. High yields of maize make a heavy drain on soil nutrients. It is probably
indigenous to Mexico and Central America.
Ea
D.2 Zea mays ssp. Mays
as
Authority L.
ed
Synonyms cit
Common Maize, Mais, Maiz, Sweet corn, Mealies, Corn, Green
names maize, Bok'olo, Indian corn, Blue corn
be
Editor
Ecocrop 238663
t to
code
No
Description
A tall, coarse grass and grain crop up to 40-700 cm with strong erect stalks and long narrow leaves.
—
Uses
ly
It is mainly grown for food and fodder. The grain is ground to flour and used in starchy foods and breads.
on
It is used in breakfast foods, i.e. corn-flakes. Fermented grain is made into wiskey and industial alcohol.
Corn starch is used in cosmetics, adhesives, glucose, and syrup. Oil is extracted from the seed embryo
and used as salad oil, and to make linolium, paints, varnishes, soaps, glycerine, and high fructose syrup.
ts
Mentioned as a useful agroforestry species.

en
Growing period
mm
Annual. In Kenya quick-maturing lowland varieties flower in 60 days and mature in 120 days, varieties
grown between 1200-2100 m in elevation flowers in 105 days and mature in 210 days, while varieties
grown at 2100-3200 m may take 195 days to flower and more than 365 days to mature. In the United
co
States corn on average mature within 130-140 days and some cultivars only require 90 days.
Further information
or
Maize can be found at elevations between sea level and 4000 m and it can be grown at latitudes from
ft f
48°N to 40°S. Photosynthesis pathway C4 III for tropical lowland and C4 IV for highland and temperate
types. Hot, dry winds may reduce the amount of pollen available for fertilization and very humid conditions
are not considered good for maize. Hail can do great damage to the crop. Since the crop leaves much of
a
the ground uncovered, soil erosion and water losses can be severe. The optimum yield is 7-11 t/ha, world
Dr

EAS 2:2010
d
average 3.6 t/ha. High yields of maize make a heavy drain on soil nutrients and it has a high nitrogen
r
requirement. The species is probably indigenous to Mexico and Central America. Some short-season
da
varieties are able to develop with only 300 mm of rain.
an
D.3 Zea mays ssp. saccharata
St
Authority Sturt
an
Synonyms
Sweet corn, Sweet Maize, Maize, Mealies, Milho doce,
ri c
Common Corn, Mais Sucre, Maiz Dulce, Zukermais, Suikermais.
names
Af
Editor
st
Ecocrop 10981
Ea
code
Description
as
A grass and grain crop.
ed
Uses
It is mainly grown for food and fodder. It is eaten as a fresh, frozen or canned vegetable.
cit
Growing period
be
Can be harvested immature 65-95 days after sowing. (For further information please see under Zea mays
s. mays)
t to
Further information
No
Elevations up to 2000 m are considered suitable for growing of cultivars which are adapted to short days
and high temperatures. Hot, dry winds may reduce the amount of pollen which are available for
fertilization, also very humid conditions are not considered good for maize. Yields are normally 2 cobs per
plant, producing 7-15 t/ha. They seeds have a relative high sugar content. (For further information please
—
see under Zea mays s. mays)

ly
on
ts
en
mm
co
or
ft f
a
Dr

EAS 2:2010
r d
Annex E
da
(informative)
an
Maize — Codex, EU and USA pesticide residue limits
St
Users are advised that international regulations and permissible Maximum Residue Levels (MRL) frequently change. Although this
International MRL Database is updated frequently, the information in it may not be completely up-to-date or error free. Additionally,
commodity nomenclature and residue definitions vary between countries, and country policies regarding deferral to international
an
standards are not always transparent. This database is intended to be an initial reference source only, and users must verify any
information obtained from it with knowledgeable parties in the market of interest prior to the sale or shipment of any products. The
developers of this database are not liable for any damages, in whole or in part, caused by or arising in any way from user's use of
ri c
the database.
Results Key
Af
MRL values in {Italics} are more restrictive than US
--- indicates no MRL value is established.
st
Cod, EU, etc. indicates the source of the MRL and EXP means the market defers to the exporting market.
All numeric values listed are in parts per million (ppm), unless otherwise noted
Ea
US Cod EU 1
2,4-D 0.05 0.05 0.05
1. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the 2,4-D/Corn, grain combination, but does
as
maintain an MRL of 0.05 PPM for its "Cereals" group.
US Cod EU
ed
Acetochlor 0.05 --- 0.1
US Cod EU
cit
AD 67 0.005 --- ---
US Cod EU
be
Alachlor 0.2 --- 0.2
US Cod EU
Ametryn 0.05 --- ---
t to
US Cod EU
Amicarbazone 0.05 --- ---
No
US Cod EU
Atrazine 0.2 --- ---
—
US Cod EU
Azoxystrobin 0.05 --- 0.05
ly
US Cod EU
Benoxacor 0.01 --- ---
on
US Cod EU 2
Bentazon 0.05 0.2 0.1
ts
2. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Bentazon/Corn, grain combination, but
does maintain an MRL of 0.1 PPM for its "Cereals" group.
en
US Cod EU
Beta-cyfluthrin 0.05 --- ---
mm
US Cod EU
Bifenthrin 0.05 0.05 0.05
co
US Cod EU
Bromoxynil 0.05 --- 0.1
US Cod EU
or
Butylate 0.1 --- 0.2

ft f
US 3 Cod EU 4
Captan 0.05 --- {0.02}
3. United States does not maintain a specific MRL for the Captan/Corn, grain combination, but does
a
maintain an MRL of 0.05 PPM for its "Grain, cereal, group 15" group.
Dr

EAS 2:2010
d
4. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Captan/Corn, grain combination, but
r
da
US Cod EU
Carbaryl 0.02 0.02 0.5
an
US Cod EU 5
Carboxin 0.2 --- {0.01}
St
5. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Carboxin/Corn, grain combination, but
an
US 6 Cod EU 7
Carfentrazone-ethyl 0.1 --- {0.05}
6. United States does not maintain a specific MRL for the Carfentrazone-ethyl/Corn, grain
ri c
combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.1 PPM for its "Grain, cereal, group 15" group.
Af
7. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Carfentrazone-ethyl/Corn, grain
combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.05 PPM for its "Cereals" group.
US Cod EU
st
Chlorethoxyphos 0.01 --- ---
Ea
US Cod EU
Chlorpyrifos 0.05 0.05 0.05
as
US Cod EU 8
Clethodim 0.2 --- {0.1}
8. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Clethodim/Corn, grain combination, but
ed
US cit Cod EU
Clopyralid 1 --- 2
US Cod EU 9
Clothianidin 0.01 --- 0.02
be
9. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Clothianidin/Corn, grain combination,
but does maintain an MRL of 0.02 PPM for its "Cereals" group.
t to
US Cod EU
Cyfluthrin 0.05 --- 0.05
US Cod EU 10
No
Cyproconazole 0.01 --- 0.1

10. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Cyproconazole/Corn, grain
—
US Cod EU
Cyprosulfamide 0.01 --- ---
ly
US Cod 11 EU 12
Deltamethrin 1 2 2
on
11. Codex does not maintain a specific MRL for the Deltamethrin/Corn, grain combination, but does
maintain an MRL of 2 PPM for its "Cereal Grains" group.
12. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Deltamethrin/Corn, grain combination,
ts
but does maintain an MRL of 2 PPM for its "Cereals" group.

US Cod EU
en
Dicamba 0.1 --- 0.5

mm
US Cod EU
Diflufenzopyr 0.05 --- ---
US Cod EU 13
Dimethenamid 0.01 0.01 0.01
co
13. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Dimethenamid/Corn, grain
or
US Cod EU
Dimethoate 0.1 --- {0.02}
ft f
US Cod EU 14
Diuron 0.1 --- 0.2
a
14. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Diuron/Corn, grain combination, but
Dr

EAS 2:2010
r d
US 15 Cod EU
da
EPTC 0.1 --- 0.1
15. United States does not maintain a specific MRL for the EPTC/Corn, grain combination, but does
maintain an MRL of 0.1 PPM for its "Grain Crops" group.
an
US Cod EU 16
Ethoprop 0.02 --- 0.02
St
16. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Ethoprop/Corn, grain combination, but
an
US Cod EU 17
Etridiazole 0.1 --- {0.05}
17. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Etridiazole/Corn, grain combination,
ri c
Af
US Cod 18 EU
Fenvalerate 0.02 2 0.02
18. Codex does not maintain a specific MRL for the Fenvalerate/Corn, grain combination, but does
st
Ea
US Cod EU 19
Fipronil 0.02 {0.01} {0.005}
19. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Fipronil/Corn, grain combination, but
as
US Cod EU 20
Flubendiamide 0.02 --- {0.01}
ed
20. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Flubendiamide/Corn, grain
US 21
cit Cod 22 EU
Fludioxonil 0.02 0.05 0.1
21. United States does not maintain a specific MRL for the Fludioxonil/Corn, grain combination, but
does maintain an MRL of 0.02 PPM for its "Grain, cereal, group 15" group.
be
22. Codex does not maintain a specific MRL for the Fludioxonil/Corn, grain combination, but does
maintain an MRL of 0.05 PPM for its "Cereal Grains" group.
t to
US Cod EU 23
Flufenacet 0.05 --- 0.05
23. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Flufenacet/Corn, grain combination,
No
US Cod EU
Flufenpyr-ethyl 0.01 --- ---
—
US Cod EU
Flumetsulam 0.05 --- ---
ly
US Cod EU
on
Flumiclorac-pentyl 0.01 --- ---
US Cod EU 24
ts
Flumioxazin 0.02 --- 0.05

24. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Flumioxazin/Corn, grain combination,
en
US Cod EU 25
mm
Fluoride 10 --- {2}

25. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Fluoride/Corn, grain combination, but
does maintain an MRL of 2 PPM for its "Cereals" group.
co
US Cod EU
Fluroxypyr 0.02 --- 0.05
or
US Cod EU
Fluthiacet-methyl 0.01 --- ---
ft f
US Cod EU
Furilazole 0.01 --- ---
a
US Cod EU
Dr

EAS 2:2010
d
Gamma Cyhalothrin 0.05 --- ---
r
da
US 26 Cod EU
Glufosinate-ammonium 0.2 {0.1} 0.5
an
26. MRL applies only to glufosinate ammonium-tolerant transgenic corn.
US Cod EU
St
Glyphosate 5 5 {1}
US Cod EU 27
an
Halosulfuron-methyl 0.05 --- {0.01}
27. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Halosulfuron-methyl/Corn, grain
ri c
US Cod EU
Af
Imazapyr 0.05 --- ---
US Cod EU
st
Imazethapyr 0.1 --- ---
Ea
US Cod 28 EU
Imidacloprid 0.05 0.05 0.1
28. Codex does not maintain a specific MRL for the Imidacloprid/Corn, grain combination, but does
as
US Cod 29 EU 30
50 50 50
29. Codex does not maintain a specific MRL for the Inorganic bromide resulting from
ed
fumigation/Corn, grain combination, but does maintain an MRL of 50 PPM for its "Cereal Grains"
group.
Inorganic bromide
cit
30. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Inorganic bromide resulting from
resulting from
fumigation fumigation/Corn, grain combination, but does maintain an MRL of 50 PPM for its "Cereals" group.
US Cod EU 31
be
Iodosulfuron-methyl 0.03 --- {0.02}

31. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Iodosulfuron-methyl/Corn, grain
t to
US 32 Cod EU 33
Ipconazole 0.01 --- 0.01
32. United States does not maintain a specific MRL for the Ipconazole/Corn, grain combination, but
No
33. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Ipconazole/Corn, grain combination,
US Cod EU
—
Isoxadifen-ethyl 0.08 --- ---
US Cod EU 34
ly
Isoxaflutole 0.02 --- 0.05

34. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Isoxaflutole/Corn, grain combination,
on
US Cod EU
ts
Lambda Cyhalothrin 0.05 --- {0.02}

en
US Cod EU 35
Linuron 0.1 --- {0.05}
35. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Linuron/Corn, grain combination, but
mm
US Cod EU 36
Malathion 8 {0.05} 8
co
36. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Malathion/Corn, grain combination, but
or
US Cod EU
Mancozeb 0.1 --- {0.05}
ft f
US Cod EU 37
Mesotrione 0.01 --- 0.05
a
37. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Mesotrione/Corn, grain combination,
Dr

EAS 2:2010
r d
US 38 Cod 39 EU 40
da
Metalaxyl 0.1 {0.05} {0.05}
38. United States does not maintain a specific MRL for the Metalaxyl/Corn, grain combination, but
does maintain an MRL of 0.1 PPM for its "Grain Crops" group.
an
39. Codex does not maintain a specific MRL for the Metalaxyl/Corn, grain combination, but does
St
40. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Metalaxyl/Corn, grain combination, but
US Cod EU 41
an
Metconazole 0.02 --- 0.1
41. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Metconazole/Corn, grain combination,
ri c
US Cod 42 EU 43
Methomyl 0.1 {0.02} {0.05}
Af
42. The MRL is established for the sum of methomyl and thiodicarb.
43. Methomyl and Thiodicarb (sum of methomyl and thiodicarb expressed as methomyl) European
Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Methomyl/Corn, grain combination, but does
st
maintain an MRL of 0.05 PPM for its "Cereals" group.
US Cod EU 44
Ea
Methoxyfenozide 0.05 {0.02} 0.05
44. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Methoxyfenozide/Corn, grain
as
US Cod EU 45
Methyl Parathion 1 --- {0.02}
45. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Methyl Parathion/Corn, grain
ed
US
cit Cod EU 46
Metolachlor 0.1 --- {0.05}
46. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Metolachlor/Corn, grain combination,
be
US Cod EU 47
Metribuzin 0.05 --- 0.1
t to
47. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Metribuzin/Corn, grain combination,
US Cod EU
No
Mineral Oil 200 --- ---
US Cod EU
Nicosulfuron 0.1 --- 0.1
—
US Cod EU
Nitrapyrin 0.1 --- ---
ly
US Cod EU 48
on
Oxyfluorfen 0.05 --- 0.05

48. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Oxyfluorfen/Corn, grain combination,
ts
US Cod EU 49
en
Paraquat dichloride 0.1 0.3 {0.02}

49. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Paraquat dichloride/Corn, grain
mm
US Cod EU 50
Pendimethalin 0.1 --- {0.05}
50. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Pendimethalin/Corn, grain
co
US Cod 51 EU 52
or
Permethrin 0.05 2 0.05

51. Codex does not maintain a specific MRL for the Permethrin/Corn, grain combination, but does
ft f
52. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Permethrin/Corn, grain combination,
a
Dr

EAS 2:2010
d
US Cod EU 53
r
Phorate 0.05 0.05 0.05
da
53. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Phorate/Corn, grain combination, but
an
US Cod 54 EU 55
Phosphine 0.1 0.1 0.1
54. Codex does not maintain a specific MRL for the Phosphine/Corn, grain combination, but does
St
55. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Phosphine/Corn, grain combination,
an
US Cod 56 EU
ri c
Piperonyl Butoxide 20 30 ---
56. Codex does not maintain a specific MRL for the Piperonyl Butoxide/Corn, grain combination, but
Af
does maintain an MRL of 30 PPM for its "Cereal Grains" group.
US Cod 57 EU 58
Pirimiphos-methyl 8 {7} {5}
st
57. Codex does not maintain a specific MRL for the Pirimiphos-methyl/Corn, grain combination, but
does maintain an MRL of 7 PPM for its "Cereal Grains" group.
Ea
58. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Pirimiphos-methyl/Corn, grain
combination, but does maintain an MRL of 5 PPM for its "Cereals" group.
as
US Cod EU
Primisulfuron-methyl 0.02 --- ---
ed
US Cod EU
Prometryn 0.25 cit --- ---
US 59 Cod EU
Propachlor 0.2 --- {0.1}
be
59. MRL applies to negligible residues only.
US Cod EU
t to
Propargite 0.1 0.1 0.1
US Cod EU
Propiconazole 0.2 {0.05} {0.05}
No
US Cod EU
Pyraclostrobin 0.1 {0.02} {0.02}
—
US Cod EU 60
Pyraflufen-ethyl 0.01 --- 0.02
60. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Pyraflufen-ethyl/Corn, grain
ly
on
US Cod 61 EU 62
Pyrethrins 3 {0.3} 3
61. Codex does not maintain a specific MRL for the Pyrethrins/Corn, grain combination, but does
ts

en
62. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Pyrethrins/Corn, grain combination,
but does maintain an MRL of 3 PPM for its "Cereals" group.
mm
US Cod EU 63
Pyridate 0.03 --- 0.05
63. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Pyridate/Corn, grain combination, but
co
US 64 Cod EU 65
Pyriproxyfen 1.1 --- {0.05}
64. United States does not maintain a specific MRL for the Pyriproxyfen/Corn, grain combination, but
or
ft f
65. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Pyriproxyfen/Corn, grain combination,
a
US Cod EU 66
Dr
Rimsulfuron 0.1 --- {0.05}

EAS 2:2010
d
66. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Rimsulfuron/Corn, grain combination,
r
da
US Cod EU 67
S-metolachlor 0.1 --- {0.05}
an
67. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the S-metolachlor/Corn, grain
St
US Cod EU 68
Sethoxydim 0.5 --- {0.1}
68. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Sethoxydim/Corn, grain combination,
an
US Cod EU 69
ri c
Simazine 0.2 --- {0.1}
69. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Simazine/Corn, grain combination, but
Af
US 70 Cod EU 71
st
Spinetoram 0.04 --- 0.05
70. This group MRL does not apply to rice and sorghum. United States does not maintain a specific
Ea
MRL for the Spinetoram/Corn, grain combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.04 PPM for its
"Grain, cereal, group 15" group.
71. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Spinetoram/Corn, grain combination,
as
US 72 Cod 73 EU 74
Spinosad 1.5 {1} {1}
ed
72. United States does not maintain a specific MRL for the Spinosad/Corn, grain combination, but
cit
73. Codex does not maintain a specific MRL for the Spinosad/Corn, grain combination, but does
be
74. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Spinosad/Corn, grain combination, but
US Cod EU 75
t to
Spiromesifen 0.02 --- 0.02

75. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Spiromesifen/Corn, grain combination,
No
US Cod EU
Sulfentrazone 0.15 --- ---
—
US 76 Cod 77 EU 78
Sulfuryl fluoride 0.05 0.05 0.05
76. MRL applies to postharvest use only.
77. Codex does not maintain a specific MRL for the Sulfuryl fluoride/Corn, grain combination, but
ly
does maintain an MRL of 0.05 PPM for its "Cereal Grains" group.
on
78. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Sulfuryl fluoride/Corn, grain
US Cod EU
TCMTB 0.1 --- ---
ts
en
US Cod EU
Tebuconazole 0.05 --- 0.2
mm
US Cod EU
Tebupirimifos 0.01 --- ---
US Cod EU 79
co
Tefluthrin 0.06 --- {0.05}

79. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Tefluthrin/Corn, grain combination, but
or
US Cod EU 80
Tembotrione 0.02 --- 0.02
ft f
80. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Tembotrione/Corn, grain combination,
a
US Cod EU 81
Dr
Terbufos 0.05 {0.01} {0.01}

EAS 2:2010
d
81. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Terbufos/Corn, grain combination, but
r
da
US Cod EU 82
Thiamethoxam 0.02 --- 0.05
an
82. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Thiamethoxam/Corn, grain
St
US Cod EU
Thiencarbazone-methyl 0.01 --- ---
an
US Cod EU 83
Thifensulfuron-methyl 0.05 --- 0.05
83. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Thifensulfuron-methyl/Corn, grain
ri c
Af
US Cod EU 84
Topramezone 0.01 --- 0.01
84. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Topramezone/Corn, grain
st
Ea
US Cod 85 EU
Triadimenol 0.05 0.2 0.1
85. This MRL is established for the sum of triadimenol and triadimefon. Codex does not maintain a
specific MRL for the Triadimenol/Corn, grain combination, but does maintain an MRL of 0.2 PPM for
as
its "Cereal Grains" group.
US Cod EU 86
Tribenuron Methyl 0.05 --- {0.01}
ed
86. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Tribenuron Methyl/Corn, grain
cit
US Cod EU
Trifloxystrobin 0.05 {0.02} {0.02}
be
US Cod EU
Trifluralin 0.05 --- 0.1
t to
US Cod 87 EU 88
Zeta-Cypermethrin 0.05 0.05 0.05
87. The MRL is established for the sum of cypermethrin and zeta-cypermethrin.
88. European Union does not maintain a specific MRL for the Zeta-Cypermethrin/Corn, grain
No
—
ly
on
ts
en
mm
co
or
ft f
a
Dr

EAS 2:2010
r d
Annex F
da
(informative)
an
Sieves for assessing dockage and grading factors
St
Type Sieve name Hole size Manufacturer’s designation
(millimetres) (inches)
Round-hole No. 4.5 1.79 4½/64
an
No. 5 1.98 5/64
No. 5.5 2.18 5½/64
ri c
No. 6 2.38 6/64
No. 6.5 2.58 6½/64
Af
No. 7 2.78 7/64
No. 7.5 2.98 7½/64
No. 8 3.18 8/64
st
No. 8.5 3.37 8½/64
Ea
No. 9 3.57 9/64
No. 10 3.97 10/64
No. 11 4.37 11/64
as
No. 12 4.76 12/64
No. 14 5.56 14/64
No. 15 5.95 15/64
ed
No. 16 6.35 16/64
No. 17 6.75 17/64
cit
No. 18 7.14 18/64
No. 20 7.94 20/64
No. 21 8.33 21/64
be
No. 22 8.73 22/64

No. 24 9.52 24/64
t to
Type Sieve name Hole size Manufacturer’s designation

(millimetres) (inches)
No
Slotted No. 3 1.19 x 7.94 3/64 x 5/16

No. 4.5 1.79 x 12.70 4½/64 x 1/2
No. 5 1.98 x 19.05 5/64 x 3/4
—
No. 6 2.38 x 19.05 6/64 x 3/4

No. 8 3.18 x 19.05 8/64 x 3/4
No. 9 3.57 x 19.05 9/64 x 3/4
ly
No. 11 4.37 x 19.05 11/64 x 3/4

on
No. 12 4.76 x 19.05 3/16 x 3/4

No. .064 1.60 x 9.53 0.064 x 3/8
No. .028 0.71 x 11.90 0.028 x 15/32
ts
No. .032 0.81 x 11.90 0.032 x 15/32

No. .035 0.89 x 11.90 0.035 x 15/32
en
No. .038 0.96 x 11.90 0.038 x 15/32

No. .040 1.02 x 11.90 0.040 x 15/32
mm
Buckwheat No. 5 triangle with 1.98 mm triangle with 0.078

inscribed circle inscribed circle
No. 6 triangle with 2.26-mm inscribed circle triangle with 0.089-inch
inscribed circle
co
Wire No. 3 x 16 3 x 16 mesh per 25.4 mm 3 x 16 wire mesh per inch

No. 4 x 14 4 x 14 mesh per 25.4 mm 4 x 14 wire mesh per inch
or

ft f
a
Dr

EAS 2:2010
d
r
da
an
St
an
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Af
st
Ea
as
ed
cit
be
t to
No
—
ly
on
ts
www.rrdb.com.au
en
mm
co
or
ft f
a
Dr
© EAC 2010 — All rights reserved

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EAS 2:2010

EAST AFRICAN COMMUNITY

© EAC 2010 Third Edition 2010

standard with similar scope and purpose”.

© East African Community 2010 — All rights reserved*

East African Community

ii © EAC 2010 — All rights reserved

Codex Alimentarius website: http://www.codexalimentarius.net/mrls/pestdes/jsp/pest_q-e.jsp

USDA Plant Inspectorate Service website: http://www.aphis.usda.gov/import_export/plants

European Union: http://ec.europa.eu/sanco_pesticides/public

This standard has been developed to take into account:

⎯ the needs of the market for the product;

to trade by establishing a common trading language for buyers and sellers.

commercial cultivars and crop production process;

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This standard has been designed with the objectives to

⎯ Foreign matter(organic and inorganic)

Parameters by which grades of Maize are differentiated:

Important parameters by which grades can be differentiated in case of Maize are

⎯ Foreign matter (Organic and Inorganic)

⎯ Other edible grains

iv © EAC 2010 — All rights reserved

9 Methods of analysis and sampling ........................................................................................... 19

9.3 Determination of percentage of foreign matter ......................................................................... 20

9.5 Determination of percentage of other colour maize kernels ...................................................... 21

9.6 Determination of percentage of pinked maize kernels .............................................................. 21

10 Test report ................................................................................................................................ 22

Annex B (normative) Determination of moisture content ................................................................... 25

Annex D (normative) Maize — Fact sheets ....................................................................................... 27

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CAC/RCP 1, Recommended international code of practice — General principles of food hygiene

EAS 38, Labelling of prepackaged foods — Specification

EAS 79, Cereals and pulses as grain — Methods of sampling

EAS 217, Methods for the microbiological examination of foods

OIML R87:2004, Quantity of product in prepackages

3 Definitions and grading factors

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mould is included in the tolerance for Damage.

remains in the sieved sample after sieving according to prescribed procedures

any vehicle or container in which bulk maize is stored or transported

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a bag or a bulk container

Cracked corn and foreign material includes any of the following:

not removed by sieving

damaged kernels/blemished kernels

frost-damaged, germ-damaged, heat-damaged, insect-bored, mould-damaged, sprout-damaged, affected

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(f) are otherwise clearly of inferior quality; and

dry green or sappy

Earth is defined as a clod of dirt, being 5mm or less in diameter.

4 © EAC 2010 — All rights reserved

percent of flint corn

several groups. These are:

Colocynth (Citrullus colocynthis)

Jute (Corchorus olitorius)

New Zealand Spinach (Tetragonia tetragonoides)

Saffron Thistle (Carthamus lanatus)

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Heliotrope (Blue) (Heliotropium amplexicaule)

Cut-leaf mignonette seeds or pods (Reseda lutea)

Hoary Cress (Cardaria draba)

Nightshades (Solanum spp)

Variegated Thistle (Silybum marianum)