Luis Rozas T.
Ingeniero Civil Estructural
Universidad de Chile
8.717.282-1
DOCUMENTOS DE REFERENCIA
• Informe de mecánica de suelos elaborado por INGECONTROL,
Nº PM – 1963/05.
• Normas Chilenas:
MATERIALES A UTILIZAR
COMBINACIONES DE CARGAS
Se utilizan las siguientes combinaciones de cargas para el diseño de
los elementos metálicos y el dimensionamiento de las fundaciones:
• COMB1: PP + SC
• COMB2: 0.75 (PP + SC + VIENTO)
• COMB3: PP + SISMOX
• COMB4: PP + SISMOY
• COMB5: 0.75 (PP + SISMOX + SC)
• COMB6: 0.75 (PP + SISMOY + SC)
kgf
q sc := 100
2
m
α := 9.46deg
Factor de reduccion C1
C 1 := 1 − 2.33tan
⋅ (α ) C 1 = 0.612
Factor de reduccion C2
C 2 := 1
kgf
qrsc := C 1⋅ C 2⋅ q sc qrsc = 61.176
2
m
Presión básica
kgf
q v := 70
2
m
kgf kgf
q 1 := ( 1.2⋅ sin( α ) − 0.4) ⋅ q v q 1 = −14.194 q 3 := 0.8⋅ q v q 3 = 56
2 2
m m
kgf kgf
q 2 := −0.4⋅ q v q 2 = −28 q 4 := −0.8⋅ q v q 4 = −56
2 2
m m
-14.194 kgf/m2 -28 kgf/m2
56 kgf/m2 56 kgf/m2
P := 3.2tonf
I := 1
Zona sismica 2
A0 := 0.3g
T':= 0.85s
n := 1.8
R := 7
Periodo fundamental
T:= 0.323s
Coeficiente sismico
⋅ 0 T' n
2.75A
C := ⋅
g ⋅ R T
C = 0.673
S := 1.2
A0
C max := 0.35S
⋅ ⋅
g
C max = 0.13
B
e C
1
θ := atan θ = 9.462deg
6
kgf
Fb := 0.66⋅ fy Fb = 1584
2
cm
kgf
Carga por techumbre: q t := 7
2
m
kgf
Sobrecarga de techo: q sc := 61.18
2
m
Ancho colaborante: a := 0.96m
kgf
Peso propio: pp := γ s ⋅ A pp = 4.866
m
kgf
Carga sobre la sección: ( )
q := q t + q sc ⋅ a + pp q = 70.318
m
2
q⋅L
Momento máximo: M1 := M1 = 316.43kgf ⋅ m
8
M1 ⋅ cos( θ ) kgf
fbx := fbx = 1344
Wx 2
cm
My kgf
fby := fby = 0
Wy 2
cm
Factor de uso:
fbx fby
FU:= +
Fb Fb
FU = 0.849
L
Momento debido a la Mp := P ⋅ Mp = 150kgf ⋅ m
4
carga puntual
2
qt ⋅ a ⋅ L
Momento total M2 := Mp + M2 = 180.24kgf ⋅ m
8
( )
if M1 ≥ M2 , "NO CONTROLA", "CONTROLA" = "NO CONTROLA"
Deflexión máxima:
Deflexión en el eje X :
( ) 4
5 q t ⋅ a + pp ⋅ cos( θ ) ⋅ L
∆ x := ∆ x = 0.651cm
384E ⋅ Ix
Deflexion límite:
L
∆ lim := ∆ lim = 1.714cm
350
H
Solicitacion axial
P := 0.84tonf
P kgf
fc := fc = 136.875
A 2
cm
kgf
Fc = 477.025
2
cm
fc
FU := FU = 0.287
Fc
B
t
H
Coeficientes de pandeo
kx := 2.5 ky := 1
kx ⋅ L ky ⋅ L
λ := max , λ = 57.461
rx ry
E
λmax := 1.5⋅ π ⋅ λmax = 137.389
fy
(
if λ > λmax, "NO" , "OK" = "OK" )
Valores de Cm :
C mx := 0.85 C my := 1
Tensiones admisibles :
Tensiones de trabajo :
P kgf
fc := fc = 44
A 2
cm
Mx kgf
fmx:= fmx= 406
Wefx 2
cm
My kgf
fmy:= fmy= 40
Wy 2
cm
Factor de utilización :
fc
Rc := Rc = 0.072
Fc
fc C mx fmx C my fmy
FU := + ⋅ + ⋅ if Rc ≥ 0.15
Fc fc Fmx fc Fmy
1− 1−
FcxE FcyE
fc + fmx + fmy otherwise
Fc Fmx Fmy
FU = 0.382
P
M
Q
Lp Hp
ef
Lf
• Momento aplicado en el sello de fundación
MTe:= Me + Q e ⋅ Hp + ef ( )
MTe= 1.02tonf⋅ m
MTe
e := e = 16.524cm
Pe
Pe L
σe := ⋅ 1 + 6⋅ e if e < f
Bf ⋅ Lf Lf
6
4⋅ Pe
otherwise
3⋅ Bf ⋅ ( Lf − 2⋅ e)
kgf
σe = 0.939
2
cm
(
if σe < σest, "OK", "FALLA !"= "OK" )
Solicitaciones caso sismico y viento
• Carga axial
( ) (
Ps := 1.7tonf + γ H⋅ Lp ⋅ Hp ⋅ Bp + Lf⋅ Bf ⋅ ef + γ S⋅ Hp ⋅ Lf⋅ Bf − Lp ⋅ Bp )
Ps = 6.073tonf
• Momento
Ms := 0tonf⋅ m
• Corte
Q s := 0.8tonf
• Momento aplicado en el sello de fundación
(
MTs:= Ms + Q s⋅ Hp + ef )
MTs= 1.36tonf⋅ m
MTs
e := e = 22.395cm
Ps
Ps 6⋅ e Lf
σs := ⋅ 1 + if e <
Bf⋅ Lf Lf 6
4⋅ Ps
otherwise
3⋅ Bf ⋅ ( Lf − 2⋅ e)
kgf
σs = 1.077
2
cm
(
if σs < σsis, "OK", "FALLA !"= "OK")
A
min a
A
max
PestU 6⋅ eu L
QUmaxest := ⋅ 1+ if e < f QUmaxest = 1.373
kgf
Bf⋅ Lf Lf u 6 2
cm
4⋅ PestU
otherwise
3⋅ Bf⋅ ( Lf − 2⋅ eu)
PestU 6⋅ eu L
QUminest:= ⋅ 1− if e < f QUminest = 0.976
tonf
Bf⋅ Lf Lf u 6 2
m
tonf
0 otherwise
2
m
Lf
3⋅ − e
2 if e > Lf
Comp := u
Lf 6
100% otherwise
Comp = 100%
Lcomp − a
Lcomp (
σA := QUminest + ⋅ QUmaxest − QUminest)
kgf
σA = 0.921
2
cm
a 2⋅ L
f
MestA := ⋅ ( 2⋅ QUmaxest + σA)
6
MestA = 1.324tonf⋅ m
• Caso sismico y viento ( 1,05 PP + 1,28 SC + 1,4 (SIS o VIENTO) )
Carga axial
( ) (
PsisU := 2.2tonf + 1.4⋅ γ H⋅ Lp ⋅ Hp ⋅ Bp + Lf⋅ Bf⋅ ef + γ S⋅ Hp ⋅ Lf ⋅ Bf − Lp ⋅ Bp
)
PsisU = 8.322tonf
Momento externo
MsisU := 0tonf ⋅ m
Corte
QsisU := 1.3tonf
(
MTsis:= MsisU + QsisU⋅ Hp + ef )
MTsis= 2.21tonf ⋅ m
MTsis
eu := eu = 0.266m
PsisU
PsisU 6⋅ eu L
QUmaxsis:= ⋅ 1 + if e < f QUmaxsis= 1.659
kgf
Bf⋅ Lf Lf u 6 2
cm
4⋅ PsisU
otherwise
3⋅ Bf⋅ ( Lf − 2⋅ eu)
PsisU 6⋅ eu L
QUminsis:= ⋅ 1 − if e < f QUminsis= 0
tonf
Bf⋅ Lf Lf u 6 2
m
tonf
0 otherwise
2
m
Lf
3⋅ − e L
Comp :=
2 if e > f
Lf u 6
100 otherwise
Comp = 94.012%
Lcomp − a
Lcomp ( sis)
σA := QUminsis+ ⋅ QUmax − QUmin
sis
kgf
σA = 1.034
2
cm
a 2⋅ L
f
MsisA := ⋅ ( 2⋅ QUmaxsis+ σA)
6
kgf kgf
Armaduras de flexion en la fundación φ := 0.9 fc := 200 fy := 4200
2 2
cm cm
(
Mu := max MestA , MsisA ) Mu = 1.572tonf ⋅ m
2
fy
A1 := φ⋅ A2 := −φ⋅ fy⋅ d A3 := Mu
1.7⋅ fc ⋅ Bf
−A2 −
A 2 − 4⋅ A ⋅ A
2 1 3 2
Af := Af = 1.443cm
2⋅ A1
kgf 2
1.4⋅ 10.2 ⋅ Bf ⋅ d cm
2 fc ⋅
cm 10.2kgf kgf
Amin1:= Amin2:= ⋅ Bf ⋅ d ⋅
fy 4⋅ fy 2
cm
2
Amin := Amin1 if Amin1≥ Amin2 Amin = 9.86cm
Amin2 otherwise
2
Asamp := 1.33A
⋅ f Asamp = 1.92cm
2 Armadura de flexión:
As := Asamp if Af < Asamp < Amin As = 1.92cm
Af otherwise
(
VpU := QUmaxest⋅ Bf ⋅ Lf − Bp + d ⋅ Lp + d
)( ) VpU = 10.849tonf
(
b o := 2⋅ Bp + Lp + 4⋅ d) b o = 2.56m
Lf
β c :=
Bf
Ubicación de la columna
1 Interior
Ub := 0 Borde
0
Esquina
α s := 40 if Ub 1 α s = 20
1
30 if Ub 1
2
20 otherwise
1 kgf
Vc1 := ⋅ b o ⋅ d ⋅ fc ⋅
3 cm
2
( α s⋅ d ) d kgf
Vc2 := + 2 ⋅bo ⋅ ⋅ fc ⋅
bo 12 2
cm
2 kgf d
Vc3 := 1 + ⋅ fc ⋅ 2 ⋅ b o ⋅ 6
βc
cm
Vc1
mV := Vc2 VpC := min( mV ) VpC = 34.997tonf
Vc3
(
if VpC > VpU , "OK", "FALLA !"= "OK" )
Verificación del corte por acción de viga
0.5
kgf
VvC := 0.53⋅ ⋅ fc ⋅ Bf⋅ d VvC = 21.736tonf
cm
(
if VvC > VvU , "OK", "FALLA !"= "OK" )
Armaduras de los pedestales de las fundaciones
Q u := 1.35tonf
Mu := Q u ⋅ Hp Mu = 1.823tonf⋅ m
2
fy
A1 := φ⋅ A2 := −φ⋅ fy⋅ d A3 := Mu
1.7⋅ fc ⋅ Bp
−A2 −
A 2 − 4⋅ A ⋅ A
2 1 3 2
Af := Af = 1.698cm
2⋅ A1
kgf 2
1.4⋅ 10.2 ⋅ Bp ⋅ d cm
2 fc ⋅
cm 10.2kgf kgf
Amin1:= Amin2:= ⋅ Bp ⋅ d ⋅
fy 4⋅ fy 2
cm
2
Amin := Amin1 if Amin1≥ Amin2 Amin = 3.45cm
Amin2 otherwise
2
Asamp := 1.33A
⋅ f Asamp = 2.26cm
2
As := Asamp if Af < Asamp < Amin As = 2.26cm
Af otherwise
Armadura a flexión:
2
4 12 ( 4,52 [cm])
Corte φ := 0.85
0.5
kgf
Vc := 0.53⋅ ⋅ fc ⋅ Bp ⋅ d Vc = 7.61tonf φ⋅ Vc = 6.467tonf
cm
(
if Q u < φ⋅ Vc , "OK", "NO" = "OK" )
Separación entre estribos s := 20⋅ cm
Q u s ⋅ MPa ⋅ Bp ⋅ s
0.344750 Qu
Av := max − Vc ⋅ , if ≥ Vc
φ fy⋅ d fy φ
0.344750
⋅ MPa ⋅ Bp ⋅ s
otherwise
fy
2
Av = 0.586cm
Armadura de corte: 8 a 20
(1 cm2)
Armadura de vigas de fundación L := 5.7m
2 tonf
q eq := 5.12tonf⋅ q eq = 1.796
L m
2 2
L L L
Mext := q eq ⋅ Mcen := q eq ⋅ Q m := q eq ⋅
12 24 2
Armaduras inferiores
Bfund := 30cm
Hfund := 30cm
d := Hfund − 6cm
Flexión φ := 0.9
2
fy
A1 := φ⋅ A2 := −φ⋅ fy⋅ d A3 := Mext
1.7⋅ fc ⋅ Bfund
−A2 −
A 2 − 4⋅ A ⋅ A
Af :=
2 1 3
Af = 5.974cm
2
2⋅ A1
kgf 2
1.4⋅ 10.2 ⋅ Bfund⋅ d cm
2 fc ⋅
cm 10.2kgf kgf
Amin1:= Amin2:= ⋅ Bfund⋅ d ⋅
fy 4⋅ fy 2
cm
2
Amin := Amin1 if Amin1≥ Amin2 Amin = 2.45cm
Amin2 otherwise
2
Asamp := 1.33A
⋅ f Asamp = 7.95cm
2
As := Asamp if Af < Asamp < Amin As = 5.97cm
Af otherwise
Armaduras superiores
Flexión φ := 0.9
2
fy
A1 := φ⋅ A2 := −φ⋅ fy⋅ d A3 := Mcen
1.7⋅ fc ⋅ Bfund
−A2 −
A 2 − 4⋅ A ⋅ A
Af :=
2 1 3
Af = 2.817cm
2
2⋅ A1
kgf 2
1.4⋅ 10.2 ⋅ Bfund⋅ d cm
2 fc ⋅
cm 10.2kgf kgf
Amin1:= Amin2:= ⋅ Bfund⋅ d ⋅
fy 4⋅ fy 2
cm
2
Amin := Amin1 if Amin1≥ Amin2 Amin = 2.45cm
Amin2 otherwise
2
Asamp := 1.33A
⋅ f Asamp = 3.75cm
2
As := Asamp if Af < Asamp < Amin As = 2.82cm
Af otherwise
Corte φ := 0.85
0.5
kgf
Vc := 0.53⋅ ⋅ fc ⋅ Bfund⋅ d Vc = 5.4tonf φ⋅ Vc = 4.587tonf
cm
(
if Q m < φ⋅ Vc , "OK", "NO" = "NO" )
Separación entre estribos s := 20⋅ cm
Q m s ⋅ MPa ⋅ Bfund⋅ s
0.344750 Qm
Av := max − Vc ⋅ , if ≥ Vc
φ fy⋅ d fy φ
0.344750
⋅ MPa ⋅ Bfund⋅ s
otherwise
fy
2
Av = 0.502cm
Armadura de corte: 8 a 20
(1 cm2)
Armaduras para el radier H := 12cm
B := 1m
Momento flector postivo último
Mu := 1.4tonf⋅ m
2
fy
A1 := φ⋅ A2 := −φ⋅ fy⋅ d A3 := Mu
1.7⋅ fc ⋅ B
−A2 −
A 2 − 4⋅ A ⋅ A
2 1 3 2
Af := Af = 5.702cm
2⋅ A1
kgf 2
1.4⋅ 10.2 ⋅ Bp ⋅ d cm
2 fc ⋅
cm 10.2kgf kgf
Amin1:= Amin2:= ⋅ Bp ⋅ d ⋅
fy 4⋅ fy 2
cm
2
Amin := Amin1 if Amin1≥ Amin2 Amin = 0.86cm
Amin2 otherwise
2
Asamp := 1.33A
⋅ f Asamp = 7.58cm
2
As := Asamp if Af < Asamp < Amin As = 5.7cm
Af otherwise
Mu := 0.5tonf⋅ m
2
fy
A1 := φ⋅ A2 := −φ⋅ fy⋅ d A3 := Mu
1.7⋅ fc ⋅ B
−A2 −
A 2 − 4⋅ A ⋅ A
2 1 3 2
Af := Af = 1.899cm
2⋅ A1
kgf 2
1.4⋅ 10.2 ⋅ Bp ⋅ d cm
2 fc ⋅
cm 10.2kgf kgf
Amin1:= Amin2:= ⋅ Bp ⋅ d ⋅
fy 4⋅ fy 2
cm
2
Amin := Amin1 if Amin1≥ Amin2 Amin = 0.86cm
Amin2 otherwise
2
Asamp := 1.33A
⋅ f Asamp = 2.53cm
2
As := Asamp if Af < Asamp < Amin As = 1.9cm
Af otherwise