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THYSICAL CuEmisTR y we
: —4.Atoms, molecules.» stoichiometry
P + Carbon _14_= most. common_noturlly accuring isotope of Carbon,
= ma Lass =
Fis Retbtbar seth Vis Ar) = = weighted avenge -mass_of __
oer -eecuring- isciepeno -on_element relatve fo
—— = Relative Hetudr Hass Ct) Blelitlaeade “Mmaks—f—cn—atom of one isotope _
_ ficnccmanee rae
- ihe -the_emount et any substance that contains
some of unit os shere_are_otoms in 129- of C-19
—constant ~ €.02 x0? a
4.4 The caloulation Sit Deserts) Stas feclealog vad z
— Empirical formula -— simplest whale number —rotio_of_afoms
ols initarinammaund, ects Fee
— + Noleeular formula - tota) F_of atoms of each element
in. _o_compounel
oom { franc oe
Vv fle 24dm> | ons € gf lhe)
= om mes ol substance |
= 25 CDi Apt. 0) SSE De He Srcinednae sd = |
(401 kfm)
= standard 4°bay ___
a Mis ae. ‘
7.4 389 vs Reeholicton ihe edo = ne
“pan Substomic | i
‘particle | Moss Charge
Posh ok Bort
n | 4 fe)
e | *f4ase aA
se
Tease ees eee
SE lee ie abe ine ac tweens eS
2 Sep
electric field _
element
ea. et anergy tomic. ‘tals, ionisah'on
not He energy level —> sub -shells orbs lft, —_
egy set pail a
=
a
=
@ 3 LENE 3 OO i a |
_futher_ shell shell Qe
Csrminy level 2
Ra
7 a Ss
spherical
P-Aeurgiass uwh lebes 1 416 x y,1 OKeS“ 4
DME
v —*Tanisattion energy + the energy needed to remove 4 mole __
PY electtons from 4 male of atoms ofan element inthe
—, —gaseous—_stote ie form one mele at gaseous ions.
Lo toctors : E
4. si t_nuclear charge: Tehage + = Te arttrexction
a Pg
2. distance _of _outer_e from nucleus
=? fucther + J attraction —> TE. \ 4
—_3._Shiebling of inner electrons =) S|
ful toner shells <> erenel Souter
Patterns across period TE: mel
yne
thir Ne: general Ay Pos A
+ nuelear charge fh ee
4 He >» Lis repicld Clit period ) A Lae A ° \
oe aAalatrane ies ue ole eenk ee
ES dif sus-che be
t. ~ianer—shell_shielcling ___
4 Be = A: slight J = 2 (atomic HW)
Be: 4s* De? es
eee puBaaa eg foe te Biss cee ae
) = new subshell — ‘distance 7
_—-—== AL tag): Asta as?
if 4 :
+ shielding, ge BS
ducther fronr nucleas
— attraction 1
ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee |
— TE.