CLASS of 2018 (YEAR

1)

ENGLISH FOR MEDICAL STUDENTS

READING COMPREHENSION ASSIGNMENT
- PHASE 2 – ABSTRACT COMPREHENSION

TITLE

Pregnancy and pregnancy-associated hormones

alter immune responses and disease pathogenesis.

BY:
Lu’lu’ul Ilma Al Azizi 21801101009

TUTOR:
Rio Risandiansyah, S.Ked., M.P., PhD

FACULTY OF MEDICINE
UNIVERSITY OF ISLAM MALANG
DATE, MONTH, YEAR
Pregnancy and pregnancy-associated hormones alter immune
responses and disease pathogenesis.

During pregnancy, it is evolutionarily advantageous for inflammatory immune responses that

might lead to fetal rejection to be reduced and anti-inflammatory responses that promote
transfer of maternal antibodies to the fetus to be increased. Hormones modulate the
immunological shift that occurs during pregnancy. Estrogens, including estradiol and estriol,
progesterone, and glucocorticoids increase over the course of pregnancy and affect
transcriptional signaling of inflammatory immune responses at the maternal-fetal interface
and systemically. During pregnancy, the reduced activity of natural killer cells, inflammatory
macrophages, and helper T cell type 1 (Th1) cells and production of inflammatory cytokines,
combined with the higher activity of regulatory T cells and production of anti-inflammatory
cytokines, affects disease pathogenesis. The severity of diseases caused by inflammatory
responses (e.g., multiple sclerosis) is reduced and the severity of diseases that are mitigated by
inflammatory responses (e.g., influenza and malaria) is increased during pregnancy. For some
infectious diseases, elevated inflammatory responses that are necessary to control and clear a
pathogen have a negative consequence on the outcome of pregnancy. The bidirectional
interactions between hormones and the immune system contribute to both the outcome of
pregnancy and female susceptibility to disease.
 TYPE I ASSIGNMENT:

ABSTRACT Abstract Translation:

TRANSLATION
Place Your Selama kehamilan, secara evolusioner menguntungkan untuk respon
Abstract
imun inflamasi yang mungkin menyebabkan penolakan janin untuk
Translation (In
dikurangi dan respon anti-inflamasi yang mempromosikan transfer
Bahasa Indonesia)
in next column
antibodi ibu ke janin untuk ditingkatkan. Hormon memodulasi
pergeseran imunologi yang terjadi selama kehamilan. Estrogen,
termasuk estradiol dan estriol, progesteron, dan glukokortikoid
meningkat selama kehamilan dan mempengaruhi sinyal transkripsi
respon imun inflamasi pada antarmuka ibu-janin dan sistemik.
Selama kehamilan, berkurangnya aktivitas sel pembunuh alami,
makrofag inflamasi, dan sel T helper tipe 1 (Th1) dan produksi
sitokin inflamasi, dikombinasikan dengan aktivitas yang lebih tinggi
dari sel T regulator dan produksi sitokin anti-inflamasi,
mempengaruhi patogenesis penyakit. . Tingkat keparahan penyakit
yang disebabkan oleh respon inflamasi (misalnya, multiple sclerosis)
berkurang dan tingkat keparahan penyakit yang dikurangi oleh respon
inflamasi (misalnya, influenza dan malaria) meningkat selama
kehamilan. Untuk beberapa penyakit menular, respon inflamasi yang
tinggi yang diperlukan untuk mengontrol dan membersihkan patogen
memiliki konsekuensi negatif pada hasil kehamilan. Interaksi dua
arah antara hormon dan sistem kekebalan berkontribusi pada hasil
kehamilan dan kerentanan wanita terhadap penyakit.

SUMMARY OF Abstract Summary

ABSTRACT
In less than 50 During pregnancy, it is advantageous for inflammatory immune
words, summarize
your abstract responses that might lead to fetal rejection to be reduced and anti-
reading.
WRITE in inflammatory responses that promote transfer of maternal antibodies
ENGLISH, and to the fetus to be increased. Hormones modulate the immunological
write it in the next
column shift.interaction between hormones and the immune system
contribute during pregnancy.
WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT FOR READING COMPREHENSION_
TYPE 2: VOCABULARY BUILDING
Based on the reading that have been conducted on the passage, I have found the following words needs to be elaborated.

NO WORDS, & FOUND IN DICTIONARY MEANING IN NEW SENTENCE SYNONYMS ANTONYMS

Sample
Specimen
Example A sample or a model of certain This is an example for the reading
1 Model Not applicable
In Line 4, par 5 assignment or case comprehension assignment
Pattern
Standard
Instigative Calming
Inflammatory Tending to arouse
2 Inflammatory can speed up phagocytosis Angering Mitigating
In Line 1 anger,hostility,passion, etc
Provocative Placating
Increase
Reduced To bring donw to a smaller The reduced activity of leader,affects the Decrease
3 Elevate
In Line 7 extent,size,amount, number, etc class not organized Make less

Harshness Gentility
Severity The quality of being very unkind or The severity of this winter caused great
4 Sternness Mildness
In Line 10 unpleasent difficulties in Europe
Kindness
Reduce Incrase
Mitigated
5 To lessen in force or intensity The longing thet are mitigated by meeting Weaken Strengthen
In Line 11
Calm Extend
Lift Depressed
Elevated Raised up,especially above the ground My headlights caught a beautiful figure
6 Advance Down
In Line 12 or above the normal level under the elevated bridge
High Decreased
Conclusion
Outcome A final product or end They are presentation about the outcome Beginning
7 Fallout
In Line 14 result,consequence,issue of researches Start
Reaction
NO WORDS, & FOUND IN DICTIONARY MEANING IN NEW SENTENCE SYNONYMS ANTONYMS
Capacity for receiving mental or moral Awareness
Susceptibility In transition season, child susceptibility to
8 impressions, tendency to be Sensitivity Insensitivity
In Line 15 disease was increased
emotionally affected Perceptivity
Contangious
Infectious Communicable by infection, as from The laugh was so infectious that even Harmless
9 Toxic
In Line 12 one person to another Ahmad was obliged to smile Nonpoisonous
Virulent
Developmental
Evolutionary It had other,profounder consequences Extinct
10 Pertaining to evolution or development Transformative
In Line 1 from the evolutionary point of view Stagnant
Changing
11
WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT FOR READING COMPREHENSION_
TYPE 2: ABSTRACT ANALYSES
Based on the reading, I identify the following TOPIC and MAIN IDEAS of the reading as overall and for each paragraph as follow:

NO QUESTIONS ANSWER EXPLANATION

What is type of article is this? This article was made originally by the
1 Original article
(Original article/ Review/Others) author,based on their research.
What is the name of the journal Pregnancy and pregnancy-associated hormones
We can read the title of the article right before
2 in which this article is alter immune responses and disease pathogenesis. the name ot the author
published?
Who is the main/principle author We can read the name of author right after the
3 Dionne P. Robinson and Sabra L. Klein
of this article? title from the article
How does the Abstract The article give me information step by step, and
4 It has not make me confused, the stuctural good
structured? always coherent
What are the main ideas of the The whole text talking about pregnancy can
5 Pregnancy alter inflammatory immune responses
abstract? change inflammatory immune responses
The author start the abstract with the first
How did author/s develop the
The author make the abstract with a good situation “during pregnancy” and after that tell
6 idea of the Abstract?
development about thing will happen affected by
(coherence & cohesion)
inflammatory immune system.
During pregnancy,it is advantageous for
In less than 30 words, how inflammatory immune responses. Hormones
The main idea about the article is wich i write in
7 would you summarize this modulated the immunological shift that occurs
the answer box
abstract? during pregnancy. Hormones and the immune
system contribute the outcome of pregnancy