Parasitologi UNTAR ---- Aditya Nugraha 405060026

KAPITA SELEKTA PROTOZOOLOGI

Kelas Rhizopoda
Entamoeba histolytica
Entamoeba coli
Entamoeba gingivalis
Entamoeba hartmanni
Endolimax nana
Iodamoeba butschlii
Dientamoeba fragilis
Free living amoeba
Naegleria fowleri
Acanthamoeba culbertsoni
Acanthamoeba castellani
Acanthamoeba polyphaga
Blastocystis hominis  subordo Blastocystoma

Kelas Ciliata
Balantidium coli

Kelas Zoomastigophora
Giardia lamblia
Chilomastix mesnili
Trichomonas tenax
Trichomonas hominis
Trichomonas vaginalis
Leishmania donovani
Leishmania tropica
Leishmania braziliensis
Trypanosoma gambiense
Trypanosoma rhodesiense
Trypanosoma cruzi
Trypanosoma evansi

Kelas Telosporidea
Coccidia
Eimeria sp.
Isospora sp.
Toxoplasma gondii
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Cryptosporidium parvum
Haemosporidia
Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium ovale
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium malariae
Parasitologi UNTAR ---- Aditya Nugraha 405060026

Pembagian menurut tempat hidup

1. USus besar
Patogen
Entamoeba histolytica
Dientamoeba fragilis
Blastocystis hominis
Balantidium coli
Giardia lamblia kista
Cryptosporidium parvum

Apatogen
Entamoeba coli
Entamoeba hartmanni
Endolimax nana
Iodamoeba butschlii
Chilomastix mesnili
Trichomonas hominis

2. USus Halus
Giardia lamblia trofozoit
Isospora sp.
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Cryptosporidium parvum

3. Intrasel
Leishmania donovani (RES)
Leishmania tropica (RES)
Leishmania braziliensis (RES)
Trypanosoma cruzi amastigot (RES)
Toxoplasma gondii (semua sel, kecuali eritrosit)
Plasmodium sp.
Cyclospora cayetanensis

4. Eritrosit
Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium ovale
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium malariae

5. Extra sel RE
Trypanosoma cruzi tripomastigot
Trypanosoma gambiense
Trypanosoma rhodesiense
Toxoplasma gondii

6. sel Otot jantung

Trypanosoma cruzi
Toxoplasma gondii

7. Otak
Naegleria fowleri
Acanthamoeba culbertsoni
Trypanosoma cruzi
Parasitologi UNTAR ---- Aditya Nugraha 405060026

Entamoeba histolytica
Trypanosoma gambiense
Trypanosoma rhodesiense
Plasmodium falciparum
Toxoplasma gondii

8. GIGI
Entamoeba gingivalis
Trichomonas tenax

9. Genitalia
Trichomonas vaginalis

10. Kandung Empedu

Giardia lamblia (tidak hidup, hanya menginfeksi  karena salah masuk)
Cryptosporidium parvum(tidak hidup, hanya menginfeksi  karena salah
masuk)

Pembagian menurut cara infeksi

1. Menelan kista matang

Patogen
Entamoeba histolytica
Giardia lamblia
Balantidium coli
Blastocystis hominis

Apatogen
Entamoeba coli
Entamoeba hartmanni
Endolimax nana
Iodamoeba butschlii
Chilomastix mesnili

2. Menelan OOkista
Eimeria sp.  apatogen
Isospora sp.
Toxoplasma gondii
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Cryptosporidium parvum

3. Melalui Trofozoit
Trichomonas vaginalis
Toxoplasma gondii
Entamoeba gingivalis
Trichomonas tenax
Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium ovale
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium malariae

4. Melalui Air  masuk ke mukosa hidung

Naegleria fowleri
Acanthamoeba culbertsoni
Parasitologi UNTAR ---- Aditya Nugraha 405060026

5. Melalui Vektor
Nyamuk Anopheles sp.
Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium ovale
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium malariae

Lalat Phlebotomus
Leishmania donovani
Leishmania tropica
Leishmania braziliensis

Lalat Glossina
Trypanosoma gambiense
Trypanosoma rhodesiense
Trypanosoma cruzi

6. Transplasental
Toxoplasma gondii
Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium ovale
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium malariae

Pembagian menurut Gejala klinik

1. Anemia
Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium ovale
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium malariae
Toxoplasma gondii
Leishmania donovani

2. Sindrom disentri
Leishmania donovani
Entamoeba histolytica
Plasmodium falciparum
Balantidium coli

3. Limfadenopati
Trypanosoma cruzi
Leishmania donovani
Toxoplasma gondii
Trypanosoma gambiense
Trypanosoma rhodesiense

4. Hepatomegali
Trypanosoma cruzi
Trypanosoma gambiense
Trypanosoma rhodesiense
Toxoplasma gondii
Leishmania donovani
Entamoeba histolytica
Plasmodium falciparum
Parasitologi UNTAR ---- Aditya Nugraha 405060026

5. Splenomegali
Plasmodium sp.
Leishmania donovani
Trypanosoma cruzi
Trypanosoma gambiense
Trypanosoma rhodesiense

6. Kulit
Leishmania tropica
Leishmania braziliensis
Toxoplasma gondii
Trypanosoma cruzi
Trypanosoma gambiense
Trypanosoma rhodesiense
Leishmania donovani
Entamoeba histolytica

7. MAta
Toxoplasma gondii
Trypanosoma cruzi
Acanthamoeba castellani
Acanthamoeba polyphaga

8. Jantung
Trypanosoma cruzi
Toxoplasma gondii

9. Otak
Entamoeba histolytica
Trypanosoma cruzi
Trypanosoma gambiense
Trypanosoma rhodesiense
Toxoplasma gondii
Naegleria fowleri
Acanthamoeba culbertsoni
Plasmodium falciparum

10. Diare
Entamoeba histolytica
Balantidium coli
Giardia lamblia
Blastocystis hominis
Leishmania donovani
Isospora sp.
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Cryptosporidium parvum
Plasmodium falciparum

11. uroGEnitalia
Balantidium coli
Entamoeba histolytica
Trichomonas vaginalis

12. lain-lain
Parasitologi UNTAR ---- Aditya Nugraha 405060026

Plasmodium falciparum  malaria berat

Plasmodium malariae sindrom nefrotik, gagal ginjal kronis
Leishmania braziliensis  destruksi tulang rawan
Toxoplasma gondii  kelainan congenital

Pembagian menurut Cara diagnosa

1. Tinja
Balantidium coli
Entamoeba histolytica
Giardia lamblia
Blastocystis hominis
Entamoeba coli
Entamoeba hartmanni
Endolimax nana
Iodamoeba butschlii
Chilomastix mesnili
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Cryptosporidium parvum

2. CAiran duodenum
Giardia lamblia

3. Sekret vagina
Trichomonas vaginalis
Entamoeba hystolitica

4. Urin
Thricomonas vaginalis

5. Darah
Plasmodium vivax (hapus darah)
Plasmodium ovale (hapus darah)
Plasmodium falciparum (hapus darah)
Plasmodium malariae (hapus darah)
Leishmania donovani
Trypanosoma cruzi (hapus darah)
Trypanosoma gambiense (hapus darah)
Trypanosoma rhodesiense (hapus darah)

6. Sekret / nanah
Naegleria fowleri
Leishmania tropica
Leishmania braziliensis
Entamoeba histolytica

7. Biopsi / aspirasi
Leishmania donovani
Toxoplasma gondii
Trypanosoma cruzi
Trypanosoma gambiense
Trypanosoma rhodesiense
Naegleria fowleri
Giardia lamblia
Parasitologi UNTAR ---- Aditya Nugraha 405060026

Entamoeba histolytica
Acanthamoeba castellani
Acanthamoeba polyphaga

8. Pungsi sumsum tulang

Leishmania donovani
Trypanosoma cruzi
Trypanosoma gambiense
Trypanosoma rhodesiense
Toxoplasma gondii

9. CAiran Otak
Naegleria fowleri
Toxoplasma gondii
Trypanosoma gambiense
Trypanosoma rhodesiense

10. Inokulasi hewan

Leishmania donovani
Trypanosoma cruzi (xenodiagnosis)
Toxoplasma gondii (pada mencit)

11. Biakan
Leishmania tropica
Leishmania braziliensis
Leishmania donovani
Trichomonas vaginalis
Toxoplasma gondii
Trypanosoma cruzi
Trypanosoma gambiense
Trypanosoma rhodesiense
Giardia lamblia

12. Serologi
Entamoeba histolytica
Toxoplasma gondii
Trypanosoma cruzi
Trypanosoma gambiense
Trypanosoma rhodesiense
Cryptosporidium parvum
Leishmania tropica
Leishmania braziliensis
Leishmania donovani
Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium ovale
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium malariae

Pembagian menurut Pengobatan

1. Golongan imidazol
Entamoeba hystolitica (metro-, nitroimi-)
Giardia lamblia (metro-, imida-, tinida-, albenda-)
Balantidium coli (metro-)
Thricomonas vaginalis (metro-)
Parasitologi UNTAR ---- Aditya Nugraha 405060026

Blastocystis hominis (metro-)

2. Antibiotik
Tetrasiklin
Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium ovale
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium malariae
Entamoeba hystolitica
Balantidium coli

Spiramycin
Toxoplasma gondii
Cryptosporidium parvum

Amfoterisin, penisilin, ampisilin

Naegleria fowleri
Trypanosoma cruzi
Leishmania braziliensis (infeksi sekunder)

3. Sulfametoksazol + Trimetoprim
Cyclospora cayetanensis

4. Sulfa + pirimetamin
Toxoplasma gondii
Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium ovale
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium malariae
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Naegleria fowleri
Acanthamoeba culbertsoni

5. Pentamidin
Trypanosoma cruzi
Trypanosoma gambiense
Trypanosoma rhodesiense
Leishmania donovani

6. Primakuin
Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium ovale
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium malariae
Trypanosoma cruzi

7. Klorokuin
Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium ovale
Plasmodium malariae
Entamoeba hystolitica

8. Qing Hou su (Artesunat, artemisin)

Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium ovale
Parasitologi UNTAR ---- Aditya Nugraha 405060026

Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium malariae
Naegleria fowleri

9. Vaksin
Leishmania tropica

Pembagian menurut Hospes

Definitif

1. MAnusia
Entamoeba hystolitica
Entamoeba coli
Trypanosoma evansi
Giardia lamblia
Trypanosoma cruzi
Leishmania donovani
Leishmania tropica
Leishmania braziliensis
Trichomonas vaginalis
Cryptosporidium parvum
Acanthamoeba castellani
Acanthamoeba polyphaga
Cyclospora cayetanensis
Isospora sp.

2. Manusia+BAbi + kera
Balantidium coli
Blastocystis hominis

3. Ikan + kelinci
Eimeria sp.

4. Kucing
Toxoplasma gondii

5. Burung
Cryptosporidium parvum

Hospes Perantara

1. MAnusia / mammalia
Toxoplasma gondii

2. LAlat
Leishmania donovani
Leishmania tropica
Leishmania braziliensis
Trypanosoma cruzi
Trypanosoma gambiense
Trypanosoma rhodesiense

3. Nyamuk
Parasitologi UNTAR ---- Aditya Nugraha 405060026

Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium ovale
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium malariae

Hospes Reservoir

1. Anjing
Trypanosoma cruzi
Leishmania tropica
Leishmania donovani

2. Tupai, kucing, armadillo, kera

Trypanosoma cruzi

3. Antilop
Trypanosoma rhodesiense

4. Sapi, babi, kambing

Trypanosoma gambiense

5. Gerbil, binatang pengerat

Leishmania tropica

6. Binatang liar
Leishmania braziliensis