DOM Lecture 1

MEC208A - Dynamics of Machinery
Lecture- 1
Introduction
Course Leader:
Dr. N. C. Mahendra Babu

mahendrababu.me.et@msruas.ac.in
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Faculty of Engineering & Technology ©M. S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
Objectives
At the end of this session, students will be able to:
• Define Dynamics of machinery
• Appreciate importance of dynamics of machinery
• Identify different types of forces in machine/ mechanism
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Topics
• Introduction to dynamics of Machinery (DOM)
• Introduction to force analysis
• Types of forces
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Introduction to dynamics of Machinery (DOM)
Mechanics
Statics Dynamics
Kinematics Kinetics
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Introduction
• The design of mechanisms and their components requires
information about forces acting on these components
• Some mechanisms are designed to perform a specific

kinematic function (like the windshield wiper
mechanism), others to transfer energy (like the internal
combustion engine)
• In any mechanism, identification of forces is needed to

determine the proper dimensions of components
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Machine- Examples
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Motion transmission
Driver
Driven Component
Intermediate
Component
Component
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Motion transformation
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Power transmission
Chain Drive
Gear Drive
Belt Drive
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I C Engine
Energy conversion
Hydraulic Turbine (Pelton wheel turbine)
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Motion transformation
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Introduction
• The power supplied to the input link flows through the

mechanism to the output link
• Associated with this power flow is a force flow
• The objective of the force analysis of mechanisms is to

find the transformation of forces from the input to the
output links
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Introduction
• This transformation of forces depends on the

position of the mechanism; in other words, it is a
function of time
• Thus, it is important to find out how these forces

change during one cycle in order to find their
maxima
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Introduction – Types of forces
• We have to differentiate between two types of forces

existing in machines / mechanisms
– External force
– Internal force
• This differentiation is important in identifying and

considering the forces during force analysis
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Types of forces – External forces
External forces:
• The external forces are forces that are applied to the links
from external (with respect to the mechanism) sources
– Driving forces
– Resistance forces
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Types of forces – External forces
External forces:
Figure: Rock crusher

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Types of forces – Internal forces
Internal forces:
• Internal forces are forces acting between the

joints
• They are called constraint forces or reaction forces
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Introduction – Forces analysis
To summarize, the force analysis involves the

following
• It is assumed here that the forces acting on the

input link are given as a function of time (or link
position)
• The inertial (dynamic) forces are also known as a

result of kinematic analysis of motion
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Introduction - Forces analysis
• The objective of force analysis then is to find:
– The internal forces
– The resistance forces
• The method of solution is to perform static analysis of a

mechanism in a number of fixed positions over the region
of input link motion
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Introduction – Importance of force analysis
• A critical task in the design of machines is to ensure that

the strength of the links and joints is sufficient to
withstand the forces imposed on them.
• Therefore, a full understanding of the forces in the

various components of a machine is vital
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Introduction
• The general function of any machine is to transmit motion
and forces from an actuator to the components that
perform the desired task.
Example:
Consider an escalator used in many
commercial buildings; Electrical power is fed
into motors, which drive mechanisms that
move and fold the stairs. The task is to safely
and efficiently move people up and down
multilevel buildings.
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Escalator
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Summary
 The general function of any machine is to transmit

motion and forces from an actuator to the components
that perform the desired task
 The design of mechanisms and their components
requires information about forces acting on these
components
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DOM Lecture 1

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DOM Lecture 1

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MEC208A - Dynamics of Machinery

Dr. N. C. Mahendra Babu

• Appreciate importance of dynamics of machinery

• Identify different types of forces in machine/ mechanism

• Introduction to dynamics of Machinery (DOM)

• Introduction to force analysis

• Some mechanisms are designed to perform a specific

• In any mechanism, identification of forces is needed to

• The power supplied to the input link flows through the

• Associated with this power flow is a force flow

• The objective of the force analysis of mechanisms is to

• This transformation of forces depends on the

• Thus, it is important to find out how these forces

• We have to differentiate between two types of forces

• This differentiation is important in identifying and

Figure: Rock crusher

• Internal forces are forces acting between the

• They are called constraint forces or reaction forces

To summarize, the force analysis involves the

• It is assumed here that the forces acting on the

• The inertial (dynamic) forces are also known as a

• The objective of force analysis then is to find:

– The internal forces

– The resistance forces

• The method of solution is to perform static analysis of a

• A critical task in the design of machines is to ensure that

• Therefore, a full understanding of the forces in the

 The general function of any machine is to transmit

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