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in front of it'

12 (a) Diagram 12.1 shows a bat using ultrasonic waves to detect obstacle .{
Rajah 12.1 menunjukkan seekor kilawar sedang menggunakan gelombang ultrasonik untuk mengesan
di hadaPannYa.

:4:*ltEl
tl:{d,
] -:r,-"4if

(or>)

Diagraml2.l
Raiah 12.7

(i) What is the meaning of ultrasonic wave? t1


Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan gelombang ultrasonik? t1

(ii) Explain how the ultrasonic waves are used by the bat to detect the distance of the obstacle.
14
penghalang
Terangkan bagaimana gelombang ultrasonik digunakan oleh kelawar untuk meng,esan iarak
14 mat

(b) A beam of sonar with speed 1450 m s-t sent to a shoal offish underneath a fishing boat.
Satu alur sonar dengan kelajuan 1450 m s't dihantar ke sekumpulan i,kanyang berada di bawah
bot nelayan'

Calculate
Hirung
(i) itreoeptrr of the shoal of fish when the echo returns after 100 milliseconds. 13

Kedalaman kumpulan ikan itu berada apabila gema diterima balik selepas lN milisaat. t3

(ii) The wavelength of the sonar waves when its frequency is 40 kHz' 12

Panjang g"loibarg untuk gelombang sonar apabilafrekuensi ialah 40k[z' t2

t78
Three classrooms in your school are combined to
become a lecture hall'
rtga bilik dttrjah di sekolah anda di gabtmgkan untuk meniadi sebuah dewan kuliah'

f able 12 shows lbur type of sound system to be used


in the hall'
i,rdual 72 menunjukkan empat jenis sistem bunf i )'an| akatt tligunakan dalum dewatt kuliah tersebut'

Distance between Material used to The position of the


Sound Location of the
two loudspeakers cover the wall microphone
system loudspeakers
Bahan yang Keiludukan mikrofon
Sistem Keiludukan pembesar Jarak antara kedua'
suara dua pembesar suara digunakan untuk
bunyi
menutupi diruling

Behind the sPeaker


High Small Softboard Di belakang Pembesar
w Tinggi Kecil Popan lembut suara
In front of the
Large Hardwood speaker
Low
x Rendah Besar Kayu keras Di hadapan Pembesar
suara
Behind the sPeaker i

High Large Softboard Di belakctng pembesar I

Y Tinggi Besar Papan lembut suara


In front of the
Small Hardwood speaker
Low
Z Kecil Kavu keras Di hadapan Pembesar ',

Rendah

Table 12
Jadual 12
tl .*lqfur
s-d,*E€fu
you are asked to investigate the design of the sound system to produce better quality of
sound'
-- 'Riilil
system'
Explain the suitability of each characteristics of the sound
Determine the most suitable sound system'
' i Li-, Lir- Give reasons for Your choice'
menghasilkan kualiti bunyi yang lebih baik'
.\rula dikehendaki menyiasat rekabentuk sistem bunyi untuk
tersebut'
TerangkcLn kesesuaian setiap ciri pa(la sistem bunyi
Tentukan sistem buny-i yang paling sesuai
Be.rikan sebab-sebab uriuk pilihan anda'
ll0 marks)
ll0 markalt:

END OF QUESTION PAPER


KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT

179
:ig ip$. !-
,,r,. It can .; . Aerodynarnic slr;rpe is prefbr-r.eil
scl that the . The period ol. time between the
efl'ect of air resistance can be reduced. sending
ancl receiving of thc ultrasonic
Bentuk oeroclinumik diytitih supcrya wave is
kesctn rrotcd. I lre distancc carr be eslirnated.
rin to n gun u dtt ro bole h tl i kt t.o n gkan. Tentltoh n1a.ta ontaro penghcufiar.an
. Superconductor is chosen. Superconductor clan . peneri.ntrrcrtt gclnmbriltg -urltr
asonik
is capable of conducting electricity di cct / utku n. Jat.alc ho Ie h tl iangta rkan.
without . Bats calt detect ultrasonic
any electrical resistanr:e. sor"rnd o1.
75 000 Ht.
Superlrctnrhrktc'r clipililt. Sulterkoncluklor
boleh Kelay,ut. boleh rtengetan bunt,i ttltrasonik
mengkoncltfuikon elektrik loLtpa
.sebarang ht rli.L Atrctrti 75 000 Hz.
t"tnlangLtn. (6) (i) t =. 1000 railiseconds/ miti,tarn
. B short coaches is chosen. ,[he 8 short 100
coacltes reclltce the ltegative inertial m00
impact
if the train stops sitciclerrly. -- 0. I seconds/,soar
8 gerobok pendelt tliltitih. g get.ubcrlt Deptlr of shoal of fish/ Keclakrman
pendek itti ktmpulan ikan
men5grangkottkesttnnego1ifbagiiner,siaiikcl :-f ,t I

kereta a1ti itu berhenti s,ecarct


tibct-tibct. I

. L is the nlost suitable


: = i t450 o.l
lrast train which can
move with highest speecl. L has low
density
-ir, *
(ll, v-l/L
made of sllper.conductor and consisting
1450:40 r 1000 >< )"
of g /.
0.03625 rn _-
shofl corchcs (c) . Location ol louel speakers slrouid
be hieh.
Kereta ap i laju yang s es uct i iciah L. L nternpunlrr
ltol ing4 T'iris will prevent rc.flection of ,ound-*oi".
i
bcthan berketun.ryxian n:ncluh, ltentuk
aetoclinamik,
by obstacles. Echoes are produced
when
dasar diperbuctt dr:1ripurla sentifutncluhor soLrr)ds are reflectecl off certairr clbstacles.
don terditi
Redudukan pentbe.sar suara perln
ukan ntenggelakkon pcnrh.iun g"lrrn
tinggi. hi
(@ (i) The car nloves vvith
a constant velocity bln'[ bunvi
o /t / t 1 t,,1 1gfi 4 1,, n g. C cr tct,
I i h, r i 1j,.,r r r,,1,., 1,, I u t,,,,,, 1
r
lvhen the engine thrust is equal to
the drag. t I t /,t t rt tt t I k,t t t,, I t, I t
I t c t.n t tt l, o, t I I r t., n t t'l
Kerettt itu bet.gerak dengan ht.tlctitt .terogct)t . The distance between two loud speakers
t t

should
upobilo tuf ahun enf in strnto c/engtut be large. This uill pl.event the occurrence
setet{u.t. of
(ii)l lrc r.fir rtto\es u ith an acceleration ll)e tnter.lbrencc tll'sourtd \ uvss.
\ llc[ .-loruk ontarcr kedud_thu pL.tltbe,\(tr
the engine thnrst is larger than the ,sttcrrct perln
clrag. bes.ar. Ini okan mengelakkcn
In this case, the car is traveling with keicrlian iu*ri*n,
; gelombung bun,yi.
incrcasing speccl. . Use softboard to cover
the rvall.
l

The
soltboard absor.bs the sounds and
no echoes
htjahan eniin tebih bestu. cloripacla are forrxed.
,)**,r,.
Dolam kes ini, keretu itu bergerak Guno plpan lemltut unlttk tnenuh.tpi clincling. papon
clettgan f
lentbti ynenye.rap
ke I ajtton yan g b erlu bun.1,i iJq tiatlcr-gemu rnrL,"rrii,,t
nt h t r I r. . The rnicrophone is pLrt behinjth.
.

,p.ot".'in
order to ar tlid noisc or disturbarrce.
: (a) (i) Souncl wave r.vith
fi"equency exceecling: Mi krofo n cli I et ct kka n cl i b e I a ka n g p
em b es ar. s ua ra
20 000 LIz. untuk mettgeltrlckctn hut,i bising crtatr g4nggttap.
.
Gelomhttng hun.yi );cttg ber.li.ekttensi
ntelebihi
The rrrocl suitablc sori,i,1 s;rr",n
i, y '
::s : ,mlft
20 000 Hz_. ,\ i.s t e n t bwn,
i ir la h y i t, ct n g l.t cr l i ng,s c s, u tt
. ..-.ilftry .f&, (ri) " Brt dcter.ts llrr. tlrstanee . In tlre sound systetx y, the locatir)n rr1.
r
"

ol.obstacle br lolld
ttsing ultt'as{}niu :i()l1tds. tt defecfs speal(er are high, the distancc
ftrl between the
{:rrJ/Oil l,Ilililillil distance by listening to the echoes two speakers is lal-rge, soltbclarcl is
tlrat r.rsed
ig-sn, ,@r' reaclles it. to cover the wall ancJ the position of
i
the
rgltiuft
Kelayvct. tnenge,\an at.crli ng.ltalarry microphone is Iocated behinj the
Jil{1lilru, l .f 1te ilu speaker.
dengan rnengst.nakrrn burL:.i t.tbr;;onik. l)oIutrt i.sient httryiy . kerturJukr,,
.s

Kelawor ilu nettgesan.f crrok dengan 1,n,r,h"rru..ruoro


menclengorr ottolah tinggi, j.trak (rntaru ketlt.tct-tltu
pembe,tar
7t o do ge nto g
.1, 7r r 1 so t t t1-t o i k.e p o dtt n1, ct. ,s'uttro utlttluh besur, y,ct1:tctrt !ernbt.tt
cligunalwtt

ltz5
_
Lr t i t l( ilt a nr t t Lt'p i tl i rt
r
d i n g t/t t ri k e rlu th t krn t rt t i !; rt.,li ; t r
rat./etit/r tlt b., l.t/t-.// lE r / lte.,\.ar\ r ld ft,t.
lt<a/
I I , rl

PAPETT 3
Section AI E*hagicnA
I (a) (i) The magniturle (t t

L)l.electric clrn.erlt
tllu,gtt it rt tl u tt r s. e I eI t r i k
(ii) Thr: value 0l vclirage
\ i/or , ,,lr,ut
(iii) Length of consrautirn rvire
))a nj ut t g i1..o.\,Lt r kot t|; tun lctn
(6) (0 +o.i v
(i i)

V,{V}

i)4

i.0
I.-l
1 i {.rtl , {)y2 , 0i3 . (}:il:; eig
l::-,, t..

V is clirc-ctly propol.tional to l.
V berlutJor lt;ngsun51 dengarr l.

v (v') (i) x irrcrease I r ber.tunbtilt


(ii) izi. / cm
(iri) h -. .{0 crn
4N
:l0crnNr
l)rl .4rott
0.lnrNr
l
(/,) t': kr
I
.'-'-!Et- t
(c)
kk
0.1 nlN,=1
k

(,
k t0ruN,
) fhe r alrre tif k incr.ei
I-Itnt"'
(rccteases because the value of h
ntti'
1-
\'ilttt J, ltt,rfuntth,rlt. ^
Seterusnl:u,
i,er,11171 11 = _l _.
h berkurang
,ni/ai
(rfl klake ,,,r"'trnnt
t,hc spring is not
beyr:ncl its stretched
elastie: IlDut.
P,r.stiLott tprinH irtt
tit.lak diregang melepa.si
kt' i c' I t1 tr I t t ! t1,tt.
t t
hctti

Scction B/ Enhagiaru
E
-l (#) 'ihe lorce neeclec tfiX,1,,,,1
(),, wherh'.r u,,l r od depends

inrmersecl ;u ,o,.,r."'''' '"


Tll:*
ltlily or partiall-v

?::.:..,:,,rE
rp d n i n g
D e Lr
, rtlpet.tt*un
l;e lt
utttuk ntenarik jorot:
do,.s, rn
ct rt rt Ja i krt n )r r",r),ngg" /o m
.\ t' / L.n t I I t t ! t,
)
t, . "t
t l, r u .t.,, h, t h, tg i,,,, rl ; r/)l,,,lr',,,,, i,,,,"f

,\26

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