Chris Squire

Christopher Russell Edward Squire (4 March 1948 – 27 June 2015) was an

Chris Squire
English musician, singer and songwriter best known as the bassist and a founding
member of the progressive rock band Yes. He was the longest-serving original
member, having remained in the band until his death and appearing on every studio
album released from 1969 to 2014.

Born in Kingsbury, London, Squire took an early interest in church music and sang
in the local church and school choirs. After he took up the bass guitar at age sixteen,
his earliest gigs were in 1964 for the Selfs, which later evolved into the Syn. In
1968, Squire formed Yes with singer Jon Anderson; he would remain the band's sole
bassist for the next 47 years. Squire was widely regarded as the dominant bassist
among the English progressive rock bands, influencing peers and later generations of
bassists with his incisive sound and elaborately contoured, melodic bass lines. His
name was associated with his trademark instrument, theRickenbacker 4001.

In May 2015, Squire announced a hiatus from Yes after he was diagnosed with acute
erythroid leukemia, and subsequently died on 27 June at his home in Phoenix,
Arizona.[1] The band's first show of their tour with Toto on 7 August 2015 marked
the first Yes concert ever performed without Squire.[2] From 1991 to 2000,
Squire in August 1977
Rickenbacker produced a limited edition signature model bass in his name, the
4001CS. Squire released two solo albums, Fish Out of Water (1975) and Chris Background information
Squire's Swiss Choir (2007), a Christmas album. He was posthumously inducted into Birth name Christopher
the Rock and Roll Hall of Fameas a member of Yes in 2017.[3] Russell Edward
Squire
Born 4 March 1948
Contents Kingsbury,
London, England
Early life
Died 27 June 2015
Career
(aged 67)
Early career
Yes Phoenix, Arizona
Other projects Genres Progressive rock,
Illness, death, and tributes symphonic rock,
Style and legacy art rock
Nickname Occupation(s) Musician, singer,
Personal life songwriter
Discography Instruments Bass guitar,
Solo singles vocals
Solo albums
Years active 1965–2015
With Conspiracy
With Squackett Labels Atlantic,
With The Syn Wounded Bird,
With Yes Sanctuary, Lime,
As guest musician Stone Ghost
References Associated acts The Selfs, the
 External links Syn, Mabel
Greer's Toyshop,
Yes, XYZ,
Early life Conspiracy,
Squackett
Squire was born on 4 March 1948 in the north west London suburb of Kingsbury, to
Peter and Joanne Squire.[4] He grew up there and in the nearby Queensbury and Website chrissquire.com
Wembley areas.[5][6][4] His father was a cab driver and his mother a secretary for an
estate agent. As a youngster Squire took a liking to Lena Horne and Ella Fitzgerald records belonging to his father, though his main
interest was church music.[6] At age six,[7] he joined the church choir at St. Andrew's in Kingsbury as a soprano with Andrew Pryce
Jackman, a friend of his who lived nearby. The choir got to perform at St. Paul's cathedral.[8][9] Their choirmaster, Barry Rose, was
an early influence on Squire. "He made me realise that working at it was the way to become best at something".[6] Squire also sang in
the choir at his next school, Haberdashers' Aske's Boys' School, then located in Hampstead.[10] He played the harmonica on his way
home from school.[8]

Squire did not consider a music career until the age of sixteen when the emergence of the Beatles and the Beat music boom in the
early 1960s inspired him to "be in a group that don't use music stands". A school friend recommended Squire to take up the bass after
pointing out his tall frame and large hands, thinking they were ideal for playing the instrument.[4][6][11][8] Squire then purchased his
first bass, a Futurama, which he described as "very cheap, but good enough to learn on."[12] In 1964, on the last day before the
summer holidays, Squire's headmaster suspended him and a friend for having their hair too long and they were given two shillings
and sixpence to have it cut. Instead, they went home and never returned.[4][10] After his mother took him to a recruitment agency and
enquired for work related to music, Squire landed work selling guitars at a Boosey & Hawkes shop in Regent Street.[4] He used the
staff discount offer to purchase a new bass, aRickenbacker 4001, in 1965.[11]

Career

Early career
Squire's first band was the Selfs, a rock and rhythm and blues band that featured Jackman on keyboards and Martin Adelman on
drums. Their first public performance took place at The Graveyard, a youth club in the hall of St. Andrew's.[11] In 1965, following
several personnel changes, Squire, Jackman and Adelman teamed with singer Steve Nardelli, guitarist John Painter, and drummer
Gunnar Jökull Hákonarson to form a new group, the Syn. The group performed Tamla Motown covers before they changed direction
towards psychedelic rock.[4] After several months, Painter was replaced by guitarist Peter Banks.[11] The new line-up gained a
following large enough to secure a weekly residency at the Marquee Club in Soho, which was followed by a recording contract with
Deram Records. The band once opened for Jimi Hendrix at the venue, "So I saw what was possible, and I just had this innate faith
that I was going to make it."[4] Together they released two singles before they disbanded.
[11]

Squire was fond of using LSD in the 1960s; a visit to the UFO Club on the drug on Friday which lasted through Saturday, and
recovery on Sunday, became a regular event until a 1967 incident where he had a bad trip on a friend's home made LSD.[4] When the
police asked him to reveal who gave it to him, Squire pretended to be disoriented and made up a story that involved an unknown
Australian he met at aWimpy restaurant beforehand.[4] He recalled, "It was the last time I ever took it, having ended up in hospital in
Fulham for a couple of days not knowing who I was, or what I was, or who anybody else was."[13] After his discharge from hospital,
Squire spent several months in his girlfriend's apartment, afraid to leave, only managing to visit the corner shop.[4] He spent each day
[14][4] citing bassists John Entwistle, Jack Bruce, Larry Graham,[12] and
practising his bass playing which resulted in his distinct style,
Bill Wyman as early influences.[8]

Yes
In September 1967, Squire joined Mabel Greer's Toyshop, a psychedelic group that
included Peter Banks, singer Clive Bayley and drummer Bob Hagger.[15] They played at
the Marquee club where Jack Barrie, owner of the La Chasse drinking club a few doors
down, saw them perform. "The musicianship ... was very good but it was obvious they
weren't going anywhere", he recalled.[16] One evening at La Chasse, Barrie introduced
Squire to Jon Anderson, a worker at the bar who had not found success as the lead
singer of The Gun or as a solo artist.[16] The two found they shared common musical
interests including Simon & Garfunkel, The Association and vocal harmonies. In the
following days they developed "Sweetness", a track later recorded for the first Yes
album.[5]

As the band developed, Anderson and Squire brought in drummer Bill Bruford,
keyboardist Tony Kaye and Banks for rehearsals. The five agreed to drop the name
Mabel Greer's Toyshop; they settled on the name Yes, originally Banks's idea.[15] The
band played their first show as Yes at a youth camp in East Mersea, Essex on 4 August
1968.[17] Squire spoke about the band's formation: "I couldn't get session work because Squire in 1974
most musicians hated my style. They wanted me to play something a lot more basic. We
started Yes as a vehicle to develop everyone's individual styles."[18] Squire developed a
bass solo named "A Bass Odyssey".[4]

In August 1969, Yes released their self-titled debut album. Martyn Adelman, who had played drums with Squire’s first group, did the
album photos. Squire received writing credits on four of the album's eight tracks—"Beyond & Before", "Looking Around", "Harold
Land", and "Sweetness".[19]

When Bruford was replaced by Alan White in July 1972, Squire altered his playing to suit the change in the band's rhythm section.
He felt he was "playing too much, though I was never really sure. With Bill, the things that I did felt right ... With Alan, I found that I
[20]
was able to play a bit less than before and still get my playing across".

Squire described his playing on "The Remembering (High the Memory)" from Tales from Topographic Oceans (1973) as "one of the
nicest things I think I've ever played".[21]

Squire was the only member to play on each of their 21 studio albums released from 1969 to 2014. He was seen as one of the main
forces behind the band's music, as well as being "perhaps the most enigmatic" group member.[22] Heaven & Earth was his final
studio album.[23]

While most of the band's lyrics were written by Anderson, Squire co-wrote much of their music with guitarist Steve Howe (with
Anderson occasionally contributing). In addition, Squire and Howe would supply backing vocals in harmony with Anderson on songs
such as "South Side of the Sky" and "Close to the Edge".

During the band's formative years Squire was frequently known for his lateness, a habit that Bruford often complained about.
Because of this, Squire would frequently drive at unsafe speeds to get to gigs on time, once causing an accident on the way to a gig in
[10]
West Germany after he fell asleep at the wheel, although nobody was injured.

As Squire, along with Alan White and Steve Howe, co-owned the "Yes" name at the time, the 1989 ABWH line-up without him
(which contained Anderson, Bruford,Wakeman and Howe) could not record under that name.[24]

Following Squire's death on 27 June 2015, the band's show on 7 August of the same year marked the first Yes concert ever performed
without him. Former member Billy Sherwood replaced Squire during their 2015 North American tour with Toto from August to
September 2015, as well as their performances in November 2015, as announced when the band first revealed Squire's disease in May
2015.[2][25][26][27]

Other projects
Squire concentrated overwhelmingly on Yes' music over the years, producing little solo work.
His first solo record was 1975's Fish Out of Water, featuring Yes alumnus Bill Bruford on
drums and Patrick Moraz on keyboards and The Syn/The Selfs alumnus Andrew Jackman also
on keyboards.[23]

In 1981, Squire was later a member of the short lived XYZ, short for eX-Yes/Zeppelin, which
Squire claimed his father had come up with the name,[4] a group composed of White and
guitarist Jimmy Page. XYZ recorded several demo tracks, but never produced anything
formal, though two of the demos provided the basis for two later eYs tracks, "Mind Drive" and
"Can You Imagine?"[28] Led Zeppelin singer Robert Plant was not ready, despite Page's
promises, to get involved with the band so soon after the death of Zeppelin drummer John
Bonham.[29] According to Squire, Zeppelin manager Peter Grant objected to the name as the
[4]
"Y" appeared before the "Z" in the name. The group then "fizzled out". Squire performing with Yes
in April 2013
Squire also played a role in bringing Trevor Rabin into the Cinema band project, which
became the 90125 line-up of Yes.[28]

In later years, Squire would join with Yes guitarist Billy Sherwood in a side project called Conspiracy. This band's self-titled debut
album in 2000 contained the nuclei of several songs that had appeared on Yes' recent albums. Conspiracy's second album, The
Unknown, was released in 2003.[30]

In late 2004, Squire joined a reunion of The Syn. The reformed band released the album Syndestructible in 2005 before breaking up
again.[31]

Squire also worked on two solo projects with other former Syn collaborators Gerard Johnson, Jeremy Stacey and Paul Stacey.[10] A
Christmas album, Chris Squire's Swiss Choir, was released in 2007 (with Johnson, J. Stacey and Steve Hackett).[32] Squire
collaborated again with Hackett, formerly of the band Genesis, to make the Squackett album A Life Within a Day, released in
2012.[33]

Illness, death, and tributes

On 19 May 2015, Yes announced that Squire had been diagnosed with acute
erythroid leukemia, and would take a break from performing while receiving
treatment.[34][35]

In the late evening of 27 June 2015, Squire died from the illness, aged 67, while
receiving treatment in his adopted hometown of Phoenix, Arizona.[1][23][36][37] Yes'
official Facebook page confirmed the news the next day.[38] Tributes were paid by
fellow musicians Brian May, Geezer Butler, Gene Simmons and Tom Morello, as
well as bandmates Geoff Downes and Bill Bruford.[39]
Brown plaque in Warwick Street,
Squire's death was central to the song "Fragile" from the 2016 collaborative debut Soho, London
album between Jesu and Sun Kil Moon. In the song, Mark Kozelek recounts his
experiences as a Yes fan, particularly in light of the death of a friend, also named
Christopher. Squire was given a writing credit due to lyrics from his Yes composition "Onward" being quoted through backing
vocals.

In April 2016 asteroid 2002 XR80 received an official permanent name from the International Astronomical Union in honor of
Squire. Asteroid (90125) Chrissquire was discovered 11 December 2002 and is a main-belt asteroid with an orbital period of 4.08
years.

Style and legacy

Squire's unique tone was very clear and distinct, and his playing was noted for being
aggressive,[40] dynamic[41] and melodic.[42] Squire's main instrument was a 1964
Rickenbacker bass (model RM1999, serial number DC127), which he bought and began
playing in 1965.[43] Squire mentioned in a 1979 interview withCircus Weekly that he acquired
this bass while working at the Boosey & Hawkes music store in London.[12] The instrument,
[44] Due to its distinctive tone,
with its warmth, was a significant part of Squire's unique sound.
which has been compared to that of a guitar,[45] it allowed the bass to take on a more "lead"
.[46]
role, which created a dynamic sound, and suited Squire perfectly

In a 1973 interview for Guitar Player magazine, Squire recalled how he had obtained his
distinctive tone at the time by rewiring his RM1999 into stereo and sending the bass and treble
pick-ups each into a separate amplifier. By splitting the signal from his bass into dual high and
low frequency outputs and then sending the low frequency output to a conventional bass Squire with a triple-necked
amplifier and the high-frequency output to a separate lead guitar amplifier, Squire produced a bass guitar in 2013

tonal "sandwich" that added a growling, overdrive edge to the sound while retaining the
Rickenbacker's powerful bass response. This gave his bass sound bright, growling higher
frequencies and clean, solid bass frequencies. This technique allowed Squire to use harmonic distortion on his bass while avoiding
the flat, fuzzy sound, loss of power and poor bass response that typically occurs when bass guitars are overdriven through an
amplifier or put through afuzz box.[47]

Squire claimed to have rewired his bass to stereo, even before Rickenbacker introduced the Rick-O-Sound feature, so he could send
the output of the bass (neck) pick-up through a fuzz box, while keeping the treble (bridge) pick-up clean, because the last sounded
"horribly nasal" when used with the fuzz effect.[48] He also played with a pick which contributed to the sharp attack as well as using
fresh Rotosound Swing Bass strings for every show.[49] Squire's intricate and complex bass playing style has influenced subsequent
bassists such as Billy Sheehan, Geddy Lee of Rush, Steve Di Giorgio of Death and Sadus, Pat Badger of Extreme,[50] Jon Camp of
Renaissance, Steve Harris of Iron Maiden, Les Claypool of Primus, John Myung of Dream Theater and Robert DeLeo of Stone
Temple Pilots.[51] John Deacon of Queen was also inspired by Squire, and told Guitar Magazine Squire was his favourite bass
player.[52]

In addition to bass guitar, Squire also occasionally played harmonica, piano and 12-string guitar
.

Nickname
Squire was commonly known by his nickname, "Fish", and the name is associated with many of his works including his solo record,
Fish Out of Water (1975), and the solo piece "The Fish (Schindleria Praematurus)" from the 1971 Yes record Fragile. The name has
multiple origins, not least of which is the heteronymic meanings of "bass", describing low frequency sound or the bass guitar as well
as the fish. Additionally, Squire's astrological sign was Pisces. Further, in the early days of Yes' career, he once accidentally flooded a
hotel room in Oslo, Norway, while taking a shower, and Bill Bruford gave him the nickname.[53] On the 2007 documentary The
Classic Artists Series 3: Yes, Bruford says that the nickname arose because Squire spent long periods in the bathroom while they
shared a house together inFulham.[54]

Personal life
[23]
Squire's children are Carmen, Chandrika, Camille, Cameron and Xilan.

Squire met his first wife Nikki in 1970 at a club in London.[9] They married in 1972.[55][56] She sang on the 1981 Christmas single
"Run with the Fox" and also the track "Hold Out Your Hand" from Fish Out of Water (1975). In 1983, she formed Esquire, on whose
first album Chris, Alan White and Trevor Horn assisted. Their family included Carmen, Chandrika and Camille Squire. The couple
divorced after fifteen years of marriage.[57]
Squire married actress Melissa Morgan on 8 May 1993. She played Brittany Norman on The Young and the Restless and later
[58][59][60] The pair divorced in 2004.[61]
returned to the daytime programme as Agnes Sorensen.

His third and final marriage was to Scotland Squire, who gave birth to daughter Xilan in 2008. They resided in the Chelsea
neighbourhood of London, and latterly inPhoenix, Arizona.[4]

In the 1970s, Squire was a vegetarian for five years, before he returned to eating fish, then meat.[4] He also got involved with cocaine
in the 1970s and early 1980s after the band The Eagles, then a supporting act for Yes in the early 1970s, got him into it. He also did
heroin at a party hosted byPhil Lynott.[4]

Discography

Solo singles
"Run with the Fox" – with Alan White 1981

Solo albums
Fish Out of Water (1975)
Chris Squire's Swiss Choir(2007)

With Conspiracy
Conspiracy (2000 + DVD)
The Unknown (2003)

With Squackett
A Life Within a Day (2012)

With The Syn

see The Syn

With Yes

see Yes discography

As guest musician
1968: Neat Change - I Lied to Aunty May (with Peter Banks on guitar, Squire plays the tambourine and performs
backing vocals on this single)
1970: Larry "Legs" Smith - Witchi-tai-Po (with Tony Kaye on this single by a memberof Bonzo Dog Doo Dah Band)
1973: Rick Wakeman - The Six Wives of Henry VIII (Steve Howe, Bill Bruford & Alan White)
1973: Eddie Harris - E.H. in the U.K. (with Tony Kaye & Alan White)
1977: Rick Wakeman - Rick Wakeman's Criminal Record(with Alan White)
1981: The Buggles - Adventures in Modern Recording(Squire is credited only with "sound effects" on one piece,
while the bass is played by Trevor Horn)
1987: Esquire - Esquire (Chris's ex-wife Nikky Squire with Alan White, Trevor Horn & Carmen Squire, Chris's
daughter)
 1990: Rock Aid Armenia - a single re-recording of Deep Purple's S " moke on the Water" (with Keith Emerson, Geoff
Downes, Ian Gillan, Bruce Dickinson, Paul Rodgers, David Gilmour , Ritchie Blackmore, Tony Iommi, Alex Lifeson &
Roger Taylor), which is also included onThe Earthquake Album.
1993: Rick Wakeman - Classical Connections 2(recorded in 1971 but published in 1991 with Steve Howe & Bill
Bruford)
1995: World Trade - Euphoria avec Billy Sherwood, co-author of two songs
2002: Gov't Mule - The Deep End, Volume 2
2002: Various artists - Pigs and Pyramids - An All Star Lineup Performing the Songs of Pink Floyd (again published
as Back Against the Wall from Billy Sherwood in 2005)
2009: Steve Hackett - Out of the Tunnel's Mouth
2011: Steve Hackett - Beyond the Shrouded Horizon
2012: Billy Sherwood & The Prog Collective- The Technical Divide (with Alan Parsons & Gary Green)
2012: Various artists - Songs of the Century: An All-Star Tribute to Supertramp. Let the World Revolve(with Billy
Sherwood & Tony Kaye)
2013: Billy Sherwood & The Prog Collective -Epilogue (Shining Diamonds with Patrick Moraz, Billy Sherwood, Alan
Parsons & Steve Stevens)
2015: Steve Hackett - Wolflight (Squire plays bass on "Love Song to a V ampire")

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Guide website. 11 July 2003. Retrieved 28 February 2011.
59. "Broadway World" (http://broadwayworld.com/people/Melissa_Morgan/)
. Retrieved 28 February 2011.
60. Goldstein, Toby. "Ashley Is Back on The 'Y&rR' Scene"(http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/2003-07-20/entertainmen
t/0307160280_1_melchior-kelly-dorian). The Orlando Sentienal.
61. "Scotland Squire: Yes Chris Squire's Wife"(http://dailyentertainmentnews.com/music/scotland-squire-yes-chris-squir
es-wife/).

Bibliography

Hedges, Dan (1982). Yes: An Authorized Biography. Sidgwick & Jackson. ISBN 978-0-283-98751-9.
Morse, Tim (1996). Yesstories: "Yes" in Their Own Words. St Martin's Press. ISBN 978-0-312-14453-1.
Welch, Chris (2008). Close to the Edge – The Story of Yes. Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-1-84772-132-7.

External links
Official website
Chris Squire on IMDb

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chris_Squire&oldid=874567762

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