DESIGN OF LIFTING LUG

Load to be lifted = 5 Tonnes

A lifting lug to be designed to lift the load R
in straight pull.

A D-shackle of 5 T capacity has a pin dia.

is = 35mm (3.5cm) d

Therefore, we take d =40mm (4cm)

(5mm kept for play) L

Radius of the lifting lug, as per standard practice

is taken as 1.5 times of the hole dia. d
i.e., R = 1.5d = 1.5 x 4cm = 6cm

Width of the lifting lug, LOAD = 5T (P)

L = 2R = 2 x 6cm= 12cm

To calculate thickness of the plate ‘t’ for lifting lug

A >from tensile stress consideration
Tensile stress = P < Max.Allowable Ten. Stress Tensile Stress for MS =0.6 x fy
= 0.6x 250Mpa =15000N/m2 =
(L – d) t 1500 kg/cm2.
P = 5000 kgs. (Load)
1500 > 5000 t > 0.42cm =4.2 mm Fy- Yield Strength of the Material
(12 – 4) t

B >from Bearing Stress consideration in line pull at an angle of 500

500
Line Pull at an angle of 500 --
Line pull = Load / Sin 500
= 5000 / .766
= 6527 kgs
To calculate the Bearing stress = load / Bearing area

Maximum allowable Bearing stress = 1875kg / cm2

Bearing Stress for MS =0.75 x fy
= 0.75x 250Mpa =187.5 N/ mm2
= 1875 kg/cm2.
Bearing area = Line Pull / Bearing Stress
Bearing stress = line pull / Bearing area < Max. allowable Bearing Stress
6527 / Bearing area < 1875 kg /cm2
Bearing area > 6527/ 1875
Bearing area > 3.48
Bearing area = Thickness of plate x dia. of D-shackle pin > 3.48 cm2
So, Thickness of plate > 3.48 / Dia. of pin
> 3.48 / 3.5
> .994cm. So t = 10mm

There fore we take 10 mm thk plate for the lifting lug

FROM TEARING OF PLATE CONSIDERATION

Now we calculate Tensile & Sheer stress taking 10 mm thk plate.

Tensile Stress = …..Line Pull = _ 6530_ = 816.25 kg / cm2

(L-d) x t 8x1

Sheer Stress = Load x Cot 500 = 5000 x .84 = 524.5 kg / cm2

(L-d) x t 8x1 Allowable Sheer Stress for MS
=0.4 x fy
= 0.4x 250Mpa =100 N/ mm2
Both the values are less than the safe allowable values = 1000 kg/cm2.
( Tensile stress = 1500 kg / cm2 & Sheer Stress = 1000 kg / cm2 )

CAPACITY OF WELDING

Assuming welding on both sides 6mm fillet.-

Capacity of weld = Effective throat thk. X length of weld x stress.

= ( 0.7 x 0.6) x ( 2 x 12) x 1025 = 14637 kgs. = 10332 = 10.3 MT

Capacity of the weld is greater than the line pull hence it is safe.
 CALCULATION OF REACTION FORCE IN A DIVERSION PULLEY
R
T is the tension in the sling = 5 tonnes.

R is the reaction force due to the tension

Reaction force R= 2 x T x Cos = 2 x 5 x cos 15o

= 10 x 0.9659 = 9.6 tonnes.

T 30o
T
PRINCIPLE OF 3 FORCES IN EQUILIBRIUM
W3

If W1, W2 and W3 are three forces in

equilibrium.

__W1__ = __W2__ = _W3__

1 2
Sin 1 Sin 2 Sin 3
3

W2 W1 Usually tension on both slings being same

i.e., W1 = W 2

Hence 1
= 2