HALAMAN PENGESAHAN

Laporan Praktikum Perlindungan Tanaman ini disusun untuk

melengkapi tugas Mata Kuliah Perlindungan Tanaman dan telah diterima,
disetujui dan disahkan oleh Co-Assisten dan Dosen Mata Kuliah Perlindungan
Tanaman pada :
Hari :
Tanggal :

Disusun oleh :
Nama : ARIEF NOOR R
Nim : H0708056
Program Studi : Agroteknologi

Mengetahui,

Dosen Koordinator Praktikum Co – Assisten

Perlindungan Tanaman Perlindungan Tanaman

Ir. Ato Sulistyo, MP Junjung Normawan

NIP. 19580621 198503 1 003 H0106073

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 KATA PENGANTAR

Puji syukur kami ucapkan kehadirat Allah SWT, karena hanya dengan
rahmat-Nya Laporan Praktikum Perlindungan Tanaman ini dapat terselesaikan tanpa
banyak gangguan dan hambatan.
Laporan Praktikum Perlindungan Tanaman ini dibuat dengan tujuan untuk
melengkapi tugas Mata Kuliah Perlindungan Tanaman dan sebagai pendorong bagi
mahasiswa agar mengetahui, dapat menerapkan dan mengembangkan Perlindungan
Tanaman. Laporan Praktikum Perlindungan Tanaman ini dapat tidak akan selesai
tanpa bantuan dari berbagai pihak, untuk itu kami ucapkan terima kasih kepada :
1. Dosen Perlindungan Tanaman yang telah memberikan teori-teori yang
menunjang laporan ini.
2. Kakak Co-Assisten yang telah banyak membantu dalam pelaksanaan
praktikum.
3. Kedua orang tua kami yang telah banyak memberikan do’a, dorongan serta
semangat.
4. Semua pihak yang telah membantu yang tidak dapat kami sebutkan satu
persatu.
Laporan Praktikum Perlindungan Tanaman ini masih jauh dari sempurna
oleh karena itu penulis mengharapkan kritik dan saran yang sifatnya membangun
sebagai perbaikan laporan lain yang akan datang.

Surakarta, Juni 2010

Penulis

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 DAFTAR ISI

Halaman Judul ........................................................................................................ i

Halaman Pengesahan ............................................................................................. ii
Kata Pengantar ....................................................................................................... iii
Daftar Isi ................................................................................................................ iv
Daftar Tabel ........................................................................................................... vii
Daftar Gambar ........................................................................................................ viii

I. PENDAHULUAN .......................................................................................... 1
A. Latar Belakang .......................................................................................... 1
B. Tujuan Praktikum .................................................................................... 2

II. HASIL PENGAMATAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ....................................... 4

A. Morfologi, Identifikasi Hama dan Gejala Kerusakan ........................... 4
1. Hasil Pengamatan .................................................................................. 4
a. Pengenalan Hama ............................................................................. 4
b. Kunci Determinasi Ordo .................................................................. 10
c. Tanda dan Gejala Serangan Hama ................................................... 18
2. Pembahasan ........................................................................................... 23
a. Pengenalan Hama ............................................................................. 23
b. Kunci Determinasi Ordo .................................................................. 31
c. Tanda dan Gejala Serangan Hama ................................................... 32
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................ 36

B. Identifikasi Pathogen ................................................................................ 38

1. Hasil Pengamatan .................................................................................. 38
a. Gejala dan Tanda Penyakit .............................................................. 38
b. Medium Biakan ................................................................................ 45
c. Isolasi dan Inokulasi......................................................................... 47
2. Pembahasan ........................................................................................... 50
a. Gejala dan Tanda Penyakit .............................................................. 50
b. Medium Biakan ................................................................................ 54
c. Isolasi dan Inokulasi......................................................................... 57
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................ 59

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 C. Teknik Pengendalian OPT ........................................................................ 61
1. Hasil Pengamatan .................................................................................. 61
a. Pengendalian Musuh Alami ............................................................. 61
b. Pengenalan Pestisida ........................................................................ 65
c. Uji Methyl Eugenol .......................................................................... 71
d. Uji Antagonisme Pathogen (Trichoderma sp. vs Fusarium) ........... 72
2. Pembahasan ........................................................................................... 73
a. Pengendalian Musuh Alami ............................................................. 73
b. Pengenalan Pestisida ........................................................................ 78
c. Uji Methyl Eugenol .......................................................................... 83
d. Uji Antagonisme Pathogen (Trichoderma sp. vs Fusarium) ........... 84
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................ 87

D. Gulma ........................................................................................................ 89
1. Hasil Pengamatan .................................................................................. 89
a. Pengenalan Herbisida ....................................................................... 89
b. Identifikasi Gulma............................................................................ 90
c. Uji Aplikasi Herbisida ..................................................................... 92
2. Pembahasan ........................................................................................... 94
a. Pengenalan Herbisida ....................................................................... 94
b. Identifikasi Gulma............................................................................ 95
c. Uji Aplikasi Herbisida ..................................................................... 96
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................ 99

III. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN .................................................................... 100

A. Kesimpulan ................................................................................................. 100
1. Morfologi, Identifikasi Hama dan Gejala Kerusakan ............................ 100
2. Identifikasi Pathogen ............................................................................ 101
3. Teknik Pengendalian OPT .................................................................... 102
4. Gulma .................................................................................................... 104
B. Saran .......................................................................................................... 105
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN

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 DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 3.2 Pengamatan Pestisida ............................................................................. 65

Tabel 3.3 Pengamatan Perangkap Hama (lalat) dengan Methyl Eugenol ............... 71

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 DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1.1.1 Nematoda (Meloydogine sp.) ..................................................... 4

Gambar 1.1.2 Bekocot (Achatina fulica Bowd.) .............................................. 5
Gambar 1.1.3 Tikus Sawah (Rattus-rattus argentiventer) ............................... 6
Gambar 1.1.4 Burung Emprit (Munia sp..) ...................................................... 7
Gambar 1.1.5.1 Belalang Dewasa (Valanga nigrocornis) .................................. 8
Gambar 1.1.5.1 Belalang Pradewasa (Valanga nigrocornis) .............................. 8
Gambar 1.1.6 Tungau ...................................................................................... 9
Gambar 1.2.1 Lalat Buah (Dacus spp.) ............................................................ 10
Gambar 1.2.2 Lebah ........................................................................................ 11
Gambar 1.2.3.1 Larva Kumbang Badak .............................................................. 12
Gambar 1.2.3.2 Pupa Kumbang Badak ............................................................... 12
Gambar 1.2.3.3 Imago kumbang Badak .............................................................. 12
Gambar 1.2.4 Kupu-kupu ................................................................................. 14
Gambar 1.2.5 Walang Sangit ............................................................................ 15
Gambar 1.2.6 Wereng........................................................................................ 17
Gambar 1.3.1 Gejala Nematoda ....................................................................... 18
Gambar 1.3.2 Gejala Bekicot ........................................................................... 18
Gambar 1.3.3 Gejala Tikus Sawah ................................................................... 18
Gambar 1.3.4 Gejala Burung Emprit ................................................................ 19
Gambar 1.3.5 Gejala Belalang .......................................................................... 19
Gambar 1.3.6 Gejala Tungau ............................................................................ 19
Gambar 1.3.7 Gejala Kumbang Badak Daun Kelapa ....................................... 20
Gambar 1.3.8 Gejala Daun Pisang ................................................................... 20
Gambar 1.3.9.1 Gejala Bulir Padi ....................................................................... 20
Gambar 1.3.9.2 Gejala Titik Tumbuh Padi ......................................................... 21
Gambar 1.3.9.3 Gejala Batang Padi .................................................................... 21
Gambar 1.3.10 Gejala Belimbing ....................................................................... 22
Gambar 2.1.1 Kutu Daun (Zoosecidia) ............................................................ 38
Gambar 2.1.2 Witches broom ............................................................................ 39
Gambar 2.1.3 Gleosporium sp. .......................................................................... 39
Gambar 2.1.4 Erwina carotavora ...................................................................... 40
Gambar 2.1.5 Puccinia arachis ......................................................................... 40
Gambar 2.1.6 Cervospora arachidicola ............................................................ 41
Gambar 2.1.7 Spora Puccinia arachidis............................................................ 42

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Gambar 2.1.8 Konidia Cercospora arachidicola .............................................. 42
Gambar 2.1.9 Sporangium Phytophtora ............................................................ 43
Gambar 2.1.10 Sel Virus Tobacco mozaik virus ................................................. 43
Gambar 2.1.11 Sel Konidia Jamur Althernia porri ............................................. 44
Gambar 2.1.12 Sel Bakteri Xanthomonas campestris ......................................... 44
Gambar 2.2.1 Ekstraksi Kentang ....................................................................... 45
Gambar 2.2.2 Mencairkan Agar ........................................................................ 45
Gambar 2.2.3 Menyaring Air Rebusan Kentang ............................................... 45
Gambar 2.2.4 Menambahkan Air Destilata ....................................................... 46
Gambar 2.2.5 Menaruh Medium ....................................................................... 46
Gambar 2.2.6 Sterilisasi Autoclave ................................................................... 46
Gambar 2.2.7 Penuangan Medium .................................................................... 46
Gambar 2.3.1.1 Isolasi Jaringan Tebal (a) ............................................................ 47
Gambar 2.3.1.2 Isolasi Jaringan Tipis (a) ............................................................. 47
Gambar 2.3.1.3 Isolasi Bakteri (a)........................................................................ 47
Gambar 2.3.1.4 Isolasi Jaringan Tebal (b) ........................................................... 48
Gambar 2.3.1.5 Isolasi Jaringan Tipis (b) ............................................................ 48
Gambar 2.3.1.6 Isolasi Bakteri (b) ....................................................................... 48
Gambar 2.3.2.1 Inokulasi Bakteri (Wortel) .......................................................... 47
Gambar 2.3.2.2 Inokulasi Jamur (Apel) ............................................................... 47
Gambar 3.1.1 Capung (Pentala sp.) .................................................................. 61
Gambar 3.1.2 Kumbang Buas (Coccinella sp.) ................................................. 61
Gambar 3.1.3 Belalang Sembah (Otomantis sp.) .............................................. 62
Gambar 3.1.4 Laba-laba Buas (Lycosa Pseudoannulata) ................................. 62
Gambar 3.1.5 Hydrophilidae ............................................................................. 63
Gambar 3.2.1 Diadegma ................................................................................... 64
Gambar 3.2.2 Trichogramma ........................................................................... 64
Gambar 3.4.1 Isolasi Trichoderma sp. vs Fusarium Ulangan I ........................ 72
Gambar 3.4.2 Isolasi Trichoderma sp. vs Fusarium Ulangan II ....................... 72
Gambar 4.2.1 Wehusan (Ageratum conyzoides) ............................................... 90
Gambar 4.2.2 Alang-alang (Imperata cylindrica) ............................................. 91
Gambar 4.2.3 Putri Malu (Mimosa pudica)....................................................... 91
Gambar 4.2.4 Rumput Teki (Cyperus lillingua) ............................................... 91
Gambar 4.2.5 Tapak Liman (Elephantopus scaber) ......................................... 92
Gambar 4.3.1 Pengamatan Aplikasi Herbisida Kontak ..................................... 93
Gambar 4.3.2 Pengamatan Aplikasi Herbisida Sistemik................................... 93

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