MATHEMATICS Date :
SEM-IV IMPORTANT QUESTIONS
CHAPTER - 1
Derivation as a Rate Measure
1. The volume of a sphere increases at the rate
8 cm3/sec. Find the rate of increase of its
surface area, when the radius is 4 cm.
2. A stone is dropped into a quite lake and
ripples moves in circle with radius
increasing at a speed 4 cm/sec. At the time
when the radius of a circular wave is 10 cm,
find the rate at which the area enclosed by
the waves increases.
3. A rectangular plate is expanding. Its
length x is increasing at the rate 1 cm/sec
and its width y is decreasing at the rate
0.5 cm/sec. At the moment when x = 4
and y = 3, find the rate of change of (1) its
area (2) its perimeter (3) its diagonal.
4. The total cost of in rupees associated with
the production of x units given by
C(x) = 0.005x3 − 0.004x2 + 20x + 1000
Find the marginal cost when x = 10.
5. The total revenue in rupees received from
the sales of x units of a product is given by
R(x) = 20x2 + 15x + 50
Find the marginal revenue when x = 15.
6. Area of a triangle s increasing at a rate of
4 cm2/sec and its altitude is increasing at
a rate of 2 cm/sec. At what rate is the
base of the triangle changing, when its
altitude is 20 cm and area is 30 cm2?
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CLASS – XII
7. The radius of a spherical balloon increases
at the rate of 0.3 cm/sec. Find the rate of
increase of its surface area, when the radius
is 5 cm.
8. A particle moves on the curve y = x3 . Find
the points on the curve at which the
y-coordinate charge w.r.t. time thrice as fast
as x-coordinate.
9. Altitude of a triangle increase at 2 cm/min.
Its area increases at the rate 5 m2 /min. Find
the rate of change of area of base when the
altitude is 10 cm and the area is 100 cm2 .
10. A water tank is in the sample of an
inverted cone. The radius of the base is 4
m and the height is 6 m. The tank is being
emptied for cleaning at the rate of 2
m3 /min. Find the rate at which the water
level will decreasing, when the water
level is 3 m deep.
11. Water is dripping out from conical
funnel at the rate of 5 cm3 /sec. State
height of the cone formed by water is 4
𝝅
cm. Semi-Vertical angle of the cone is 6 .
Find the rate at which the slant height
decreases.
Increasing & Decreasing functions
12. f : R → R, find the intervals in which f (x)
is strictly increasing & strictly decreasing.
(i) 2x3 − 12x2 + 18x + 15
(ii) 3x4 − 4x3 − 12x2 + 5
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 (iii) sin x + cos x f :(0, π) → R 23. The position of a particle is given by
(iv) 2 cos x + sin2 x s = f (t) = t3 − 6t2 + 9t, s is in meters, t is in
(v) 2x3 − 3x2 − 36x + 25 seconds.
(vi) x log x , f : R+ → R+ (i) Find the instantaneous velocity,
(vii) −2x3 − 9x2 − 12x + 1 when t = 2.
x (ii) When is the particle at rest?
(viii) ,x>1
log x (iii) Find the distance travelled in first 5
tan x
(ix) seconds.
x

3 Find the slope of the tangent to y =

13. Find intervals in which f (x) = x4 − 24.
10
4 3 36 x2 + 5x + 2 at (2, 20).
x − 3x2 + x + 11 is increasing or
5 5
intervals in which it is decreasing. 25. Find the slope of normal to y2 = 4x at (1, 2).

14. Decide the intervals in which f (x) = 26. Find the equation of the tangent to y2 = 16x,
sin4 x + cos4 x is increasing or intervals which is parallel to the line 4x − y = 1.
π
in which it is decreasing. x ∈ (0, 2) .
27. Find the equation of the normal to y2 = 8x
15. Decide the intervals in which f (x) = perpendicular to the line 2x − y − 1 = 0.
sin4 x + cos4 x is increasing or intervals in
28. Prove that 2x2 + y2 = 3 and y2 = x
which it is decreasing. x ∈ R.
intersect at right angles.
16. Find the values of a for which f (x) = ax3 −
29. Prove that circles x2 + y2 = ax and x2 +
9ax2 + 9x + 25 is increasing R.
y2 = by are orthogonal.
17. Prove f : R → R, f (x) = 2x + 2−x is
30. Find the equation of the tangent to y =
increasing for x ∈ (0, ∞) and decreasing for π
x ∈ (−∞, 0). sin x at ( 2 , 1). Where does it intersect
the curve again?
100
18. Prove that f (x) = x + sin x − 1 is
increasing on (0, 1). 31. Find the equation of tangent to y = 4x3 −
2x5 passing through origin.
19. Prove x101 + sin x − 1 is increasing for
| x | > 1. 32. (2, 3) lies on y2 = ax3 + b. The slope of the
tangent at (2, 3) is 4. Find the a and b.
Tangents and Normals
33. The slop of the tangent to xy + ax + by = 2
20. Prove that the sum of the intercepts (if they at (1, 1) is 2. Find a and b.
exist) on axes by any tangent to √x +√y =
√c is constant. (c > 0). (x ≠ 0, y ≠ 0) 34. Prove that parabola y2 = x and hyperbola
xy = k intersect at right angles, if 8k2 = 1.
21. Where does the normal to x2 − xy + y2 = 3
at (−1, 1) again intersect the again? 35. Find points on x2 y2 + xy = 2 where tangent
has slop −1.
22. Find the common tangents of y = 1 + x2 and
y = − 1 − x2 . Also find their points of 36. Find the measure of the angle between
contact. x2 − y2 = 3, x2 + y2 − 4x + 3 = 0.

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37. Find the equations of tangents to 51. The radius of a sphere is measured as 7
y = cos (x + y) parallel to x + 2y = 0. m with error of 0.02 m. What is the
approximate error in the volume?
38. Find the equation of tangent to x3 +
y3 = 6xy at (3, 3). At which point is the 52. Find the approximate error in the surface
tangent horizontal or vertical? area of a cube with edge x cm, when the
edge is increased by 2%.
39. Where does the normal to y = x − x2 at
(1, 0) intersect the curve again? 53. Find the approximate value :
(i) cos 29°
40. Find a, b if tangent to y = ax2 + bx at (1, 1) (ii) sin 61°
is y = 3x − 2. (iii) tan 31°
(iv) loge (100.1)
41. Find the equations of tangents to
1 (v) log10 (10.01)
y= ,x≠1 parallel to the line 1
x−1
x + y + 7 = 0. (vi) (0.999)10

1
42. X–axis touches y = ax3 + bx2 + cx + 5 at 54. Kinetic energy is given by k = 2 mv2 . For
P(−2, 0) and intersects Y–axis at Q. The constant mass there is approximately 1%
slope of the tangent at Q is 3. Find a, b, c. increase in the energy. What increase in the
velocity v which caused it?
43. Find the measure of the angle between
curves, if they intersect : x2 + y2 = 2x, y2 = x. 55. If the radius of a cone is twice is height,
find the approximate error in the
44. Prove x2 = 4y, x2 + 4y = 8 intersect calculation of its volume, when the radius
orthogonally at (2, 1) and (−2, 1). is 10 cm and the error in the radius is
0.01 cm.
45. Find the measure of the angle between
curves, if they intersect : 56. Find the approximate increase in the
(i) y = x2 , x2 + y2 = 20 volume of a cube when the length of its
(ii) x2 + y2 = 2x, y2 = x edge increase by 0.2 cm and its edge has
length 10 cm.
46. Prove x2 = 4y, x2 + 4y = 8 intersect
orthogonally at (2, 1) and (−2, 1). 57. Find the approximate increase in the total
surface area of a cone when its height
47. Prove x2 = y and x3 + 6y = 7 intersect at remains constant and the radius increases
right angles at (1, 1). by 2% at the time when its radius is 8 cm
and the height is 6 cm.
Approximate Values
MAX & MIN Values
48. Find approx. value of tan 46°.
58. Find the maximum area of a rectangle
49. Find approximate value of cos−1 ( − 0.49). inscribed in a semi-circle of radius r.

50. Find approximate value of (1) loge 10.01 59. A cylindrical can is to be made to hold 1 l
oil. Find its radius and height to minimize
(2) log10 10.1.
the cost.

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60. Prove that the right circular cone of (v) f (x) = 2x3 − 24x + 107, x ∈ [1, 3]
maximum volume inscribed in a sphere
of radius r has altitude .
4r 68. Find a point on circle x2 + y2 = 25 whose
3
distance from (12, 9) is minimum. Find also
the point for which is maximum. Explain
61. An open box with a square base is to be
geometrically.
made. Its total surface area is c2 , a constant.
c3
Prove that its maximum volume is 6√3. 69. An open tank with a square base is to be
made to hold 4000 litres of water. What
62. Show that the semi-vertical angle of the are the dimensions to make the cost
cone having maximum volume and given minimum?
start height l is tan−1 √2.
70. Find maximum and minimum values of
63. Examine for maximum and minimum f (x) = x − 2 sin x , x ∈ [0, 2π]
values:
f (x) = 3x4 − 16x3 + 18x2 , x ∈ [ − 1, 4]. 71. Find maximum and minimum values of
π
f (x) = sin4 x + cos4 x , x ∈ [0, 2]
64. Find maximum and minimum values of
the functions: 72. Show that out of all rectangles with given
f (x) = x3 − 12x + 1, x ∈ [ − 3, 5]. area a square has minimum perimeter.

65. Find maximum and minimum values of
the functions:
f (x) = 3x5 − 5x3 − 1, x ∈ [ − 2, 2].
66. Prove that out of all rectangles with given
area, the square has minimum perimeter.
73. Show that out of all rectangles inscribed in
a circle, the square has maximum area.
74. Prove that the area of a right angled
triangle with given hypotenuse is
maximum, if the triangle is isosceles.

67. Find maximum and minimum values of the 75. A point on the hypotenuse use a right
functions: triangle is at distances a and b from the side
1 2
(i) f (x) = x3 (x + 3)3 , x ∈ R+ making right angle. (a, b constant). Prove
(ii) f (x) = 2 cos x + sin2 x , x ∈ R that the hypotenuse has minimum length
2
(iii) f (x) = sin x + cos x , x ∈ [0, 2π] 2 2 3

(iv) f (x) = 3x4 − 8x3 − 12x2 − 48x + (a + b ) .

3 3

125, x ∈ [0, 3]

CHAPTER - 2

1. Evaluate : ∫ x sec2 x tan x dx 7. √4x2 + 4x − 15

x
2. x ≠ 2nπ, n ∈ Z 8. Evaluate : ∫ √(x − 3)(7 − x) dx. (3 < x < 7)
1 + cos x

sin−1 √x 9. Evaluate : ∫(x − 5)√x2 + x dx

3. 0<x<1
√1−x
1 10. (3x − 2)√x2 + x + 1
4. sin−1 x , x > 1
11. (2x − 5)√2 + 3x − x2
5. x2n−1 cos xn
1 + sin x cos x
2 12. Evaluate : ∫ ex ( ) dx
6. x √8 − x6 cos2 x

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 1 + sin 2x 2x x2 + x + 1
13. e 22. Evaluate : ∫ dx
1 + cos 2x (x−1)3
x2 ex sec2 θ
14. 23.
(x + 2)2 tan2 θ − 4tan θ + 3
x2 −x + 1 1
15. 3 ex 24. sin x − sin 2x
(x2 + 1)2
1
1−x 2 25.
x sin x (3 + 2cos x)
16. e (1 + x 2 )
26. log (x + √x2 + a2 )
17. 3x sin2 x
x − sin x
x 27.
18. Evaluate : ∫ dx 1 − cos x
(x−1)2 (x + 2)
28. cot−1 (1 − x + x2 )
x2
19. Evaluate : ∫ (x3 + 2)(x3 −5) dx sec x
29. 1 + cosec x
5x
20. (1 + sin x)dx
(x + 1)(x2 + 9) 30. Evaluate : ∫
sin x(1 + cos x)
x2 + x + 1
21. (x + 1)2 (x + 2)

CHAPTER - 3

b π
xtan x
1. Obtain ∫ sin x dx as the limit of a sum. 5. Evaluate : (i) ∫ sec x + tan x dx
a 0
π
2. Evaluate : 1 3
1
3 2 (ii) ∫ x2 (1 − x)2 dx (iii) ∫ sin 2x log tan x dx
1 5x + 2 π
(i) ∫ dx (ii) ∫ dx 0
√x2 + 2x + 3 x2 + 4 6
0 0 π
1
2
3. Evaluate : ∫ xtan−1 x dx 6.
x
Prove that ∫ sin x + cos x dx = 2√2 log (√2 + 1)
π

0
0
3
1
4. Evaluate : ∫ |2x − 1|dx
7. Evaluate : ∫ cot−1 (1 − x + x2 )dx
−1
0
π
2 π
8. Prove that : ∫ log sin x dx = − 2 log 2.
0
Question 9 to 13, obtain as limit of sum.
π
3
2
9. ∫ (x2 + x) dx
1
12. ∫ cos x dx
0
2
10. x
∫ 3 dx 3
1
13. ∫ x3 dx
π 1
11. ∫ sin x dx
0

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 π π
9 sin x 0 ≤ x ≤ 2
2
π
14. ∫ √1 − sin 2x dx 21. ∫ f(x)dx, where f(x) = { 1 < x ≤5
π 2
0
4 ex−5 5 < x ≤9
1 2
2x + 3
15. ∫ 5x2 + 1 dx 22. ∫ |x2 + 2x − 3| dx
0 0
9 k
dx dx π
16. ∫ 1 + √x 23. If ∫ = 12, obtain k.
x√x2 −1
0 √2
1 k
17. ∫ tan−1 x dx 24.
dx π
If ∫ 2 + 8x2 = 16, then find k.
0 0
π
π
2
25. Evaluate : ∫ √5 + x4 sin3 x dx
18. ∫ cos 2x ∙ log sin x dx −π
π
4 26. Evaluate :
π
4
π 2π
1
19. ∫ 4sin2 x + 5cos2 x dx (1) ∫ sin x cos x dx (2) ∫ sin3 x cos2 x dx
2 3

0 0 0
2π
20. ∫ |cos x| dx
0
Prove that :
4 π 𝜋
√x 3 4 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥
27. ∫ √5−x + √x dx = 2 π
𝑑𝑥 =
1
30. ∫ log (1+ tan x) dx= 8 log 2 33. ∫ sin 𝑥+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
0 0
1 3
4 π 1
28. ∫ x(1 − x)2 dx = 35 x sin x π2 log(√2 + 1)
31. ∫ dx = √2
0 2
1 + cos x 4
0
π
3
𝜋
2𝜋
29. ∫
1
dx =
π 32. ∫ 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛3 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 =
3
π 1 + √cot x 12
0
6
𝑏 𝑎+𝑏 𝑏
34. If 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑓(𝑎 + 𝑏 − 𝑥), prove that ∫𝑎 𝑥𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = ∫𝑎 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥
2
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
35. Prove that ∫0 𝑥 𝑓(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = ∫0 𝑓(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)𝑑𝑥 and use this to evaluate
2
𝜋 𝜋 𝑥
(i) ∫0 𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑑𝑥 (ii) ∫0 𝑑𝑥
1+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑛
𝑛 1
36. Prove that ∫0 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = ∑ ∫0 𝑓(𝑡 + 𝑟 − 1)𝑑𝑡
𝑟=1
𝜋
𝜋
37. Prove that ∫02 log cos 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = − 2 log 2
2 𝑥 2 +1
38. ∫1 𝑥 4 +1
𝑑𝑥
3 𝑑𝑥
39. ∫1 𝑥 2 (𝑥+1)

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 𝜋 𝜋
𝜋 𝑥 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 𝜋
40. (i) ∫0 𝑑𝑥 (ii) ∫02 |𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥| 𝑑𝑥 (iii) ∫02 (2 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 ) 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 𝑑𝑥
(2𝑥−1)(1+𝑐𝑜𝑠2 𝑥)

CHAPTER - 4

1. Using integration, find the area of the region bounded by the circle 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 4, line 𝑥 − 𝑦√3 = 0
and X-axis in the first quadrant.
2. Using integration, find the area of the triangular region whose vertices are (4, 1), (6, 6) and (8, 4).
3. Find the area of the region bounded by the curves 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 2, 𝑦 = 𝑥, 𝑥 = 3 and 𝑥 = 0.
4. Find the area of the region bounded by the curves 𝑦 = 4 − 𝑥 2 , 𝑥 = 0, 𝑥 = 3 and X-axis.
5. Find the area of the region : {(𝑥, 𝑦) | 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 𝑥 2 , 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 𝑥 + 2, 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 3}.
6. Find the area of the region enclosed by two circles 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 1 and (𝑥 − 1)2 + 𝑦 2 = 1
7. Find the area bounded by the parabola 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 − 4, the X-axis and the lines 𝑥 = −1 and 𝑥 = 2.
8. What is the area bounded by the parabola 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 and the lines 𝑥 = −2 and 𝑥 = 1 ?
9. Find the area of the region bounded by the curves 𝑦 = √𝑥 − 1 , the Y-axis and the lines 𝑦 = 1 and
𝑦 = 5.
10. Find the area of the region bounded by the parabola 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 and the line 𝑦 = 4.
11. Find the area of the region enclosed by parabola 4𝑦 = 3𝑥 2 and the line 2𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 12
12. Find the area of the region bounded by the curves 𝑦 = 2𝑥 − 𝑥 2 and the line 𝑦 = −𝑥.
13. Find the area bounded by the curves 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 , 𝑦 = 2 − 𝑥 and 𝑦 = 1.
14. Determine the area of the region bounded by 𝑦 = 2𝑥 2 + 10 and 𝑦 = 4𝑥 + 16.
15. Using integration, find the area of the triangular region whose sides lie along the lines 𝑦 = 2𝑥 + 1,
𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 1 and 𝑥 = 0.
16. Find the area of the region bounded by 𝑦 = 5 − 𝑥 2 , 𝑥 = 2, 𝑥 = 3 and X-axis.
17. Find the area of the region bounded by the circle 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 3, lines 𝑥 − 𝑦√3 = 0 and the X-axis in
the first quadrant.
18. Determine the area enclosed between the two curves 𝑦 2 = 𝑥 + 1 and 𝑦 2 = −𝑥 + 1
19. Find the area lying above X-axis and enclosed by the circle 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 8𝑥 and 𝑦 2 = 4𝑥.
20. Find the area of the region {(𝑥, 𝑦) | 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 𝑥 2 + 1, 0 ≤ 𝑦 ≤ 𝑥 + 1, 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2 }
21. Find the area of the region enclosed by 𝑦 2 = 8𝑥 and 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 0.
22. Using integration, find the area of the given region : {(𝑥, 𝑦) | |𝑥 − 1| ≤ 𝑦 ≤ √5 − 𝑥 2 }
23. Find the area of the region bounded by 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 1, 𝑦 = 𝑥, 𝑥 = 0 and 𝑦 = 2.

CHAPTER - 5

1. Obtain the order and degree (if possible) of the following differential equation :
2 𝑑𝑦 3
𝑑2 𝑦 3 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑2 𝑦
(i) = √1 + (𝑑𝑥 ) (ii) 𝑥𝑒 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑑𝑥 + 2 = 0 (iii) (𝑑𝑥 2 ) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 + 3𝑥
𝑑𝑥 2
2. Obtain the differential equation representing the family of ellipses having foci on X-axis and centre
at the origin.
3. Solve the different equation, 𝑥(1 + 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 − 𝑦(1 + 𝑥 2 )𝑑𝑦 = 0
4. Solve cos(𝑥 − 𝑦)𝑑𝑦 = 𝑑𝑥 .
𝑑𝑦 𝑦(𝑥+𝑦)
5. Solve 𝑑𝑥 + =0
𝑥2

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 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦
6. Solve = 𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 .
𝑑𝑥
𝑦 𝑦 𝜋
7. Solve sin ( ) 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 −ysin ( ) = 0 . Find the particular solution, if the initial condition is 𝑦(1) =
𝑥 𝑥 2
𝑦
8. Solve [𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 (𝑥 ) − 𝑦] 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑥 𝑑𝑦 = 0. Find the particular solution, if the initial condition is
𝜋
𝑦(1) = 4
9. The slope of the tangent to the curve at any point is reciprocal of the y-coordinate of that point
(𝑦 ≠ 0) and the curve passes through (-1, 2). Find the equation of the curve.
10. The population of a city increases at the rate of 2% per year. How many years will it take to double
the population?
11. The temperature of a body in a room is 80° F. After five minutes the temperature of the body 60° F.
After another 5 minutes the temperature becomes 50° F. What is the temperature of surroundings?
12. Saptesh has a fixed deposit of ₹ 10,000 in a bank. Principal amount increases continuously at the rate
of 7% per year. In how many years will it get doubled?
13. Obtain the order and degree (if possible) of the following differential equation :
𝑑𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦
(i) 𝑥 + (𝑑𝑥 ) = √1 + 𝑦 (ii) 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥
3 𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
(iii) √ =√ (iv) + sin ( ) + 𝑦 = 0
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
2 4
𝑑𝑦 𝑥 𝑑3 𝑦 𝑑2 𝑦
(v) (𝑑𝑥 ) + 𝑑𝑦 =0 (vi) (𝑑𝑥 3 ) + (𝑑𝑥 2 ) + 𝑥 log 𝑦 = 0
( )
𝑑𝑥
14. Find the differential equation of the family of all the circle touching X-axis at the origin.
𝑑𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦
15. Verify that 𝑦 2 = 4𝑏(𝑥 + 𝑏) is a solution of the differential equation 𝑦 = [1 − (𝑑𝑥 ) ] = 2𝑥 𝑑𝑥 .
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
16. Prove 𝑦 = a cos(log 𝑥) + 𝑏 sin(log 𝑥) is a solution of the differential equation 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 2 + 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 =
0, where 𝑎 and 𝑏 are arbitrary constants.
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
17. Verify the differential equation (1 − 𝑥 2 ) 𝑑𝑥 2 − 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 = 0, has solution 𝑦 = 𝑎 cos −1 𝑥 + 𝑏.
Where 𝑎 and 𝑏 are arbitrary constants.
18. Find the differential equation of the following family of curves, where 𝑎 and 𝑏 are arbitrary
constants.
𝑏
(i) (𝑦 − 𝑏)2 = 4(𝑥 − 𝑎) (ii) 𝑦 = (𝑎𝑥 + 𝑥 )
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 2
19. Show that 𝐴𝑥 2 + 𝐵𝑦 2 = 1 is the general solution of the differential equation 𝑥 [𝑦 𝑑𝑥 2 + (𝑑𝑥 ) ] =
𝑑𝑦
𝑦 (𝑑𝑥 ). (A, B are arbitrary constants.
𝑎 𝑑2 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦
20. Show that 𝑦 = 𝑥 + 𝑏 is a solution of 𝑑𝑥 2 + 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 = 0
21. Solve the differential equations. Also find particular solution where initial conditions are given :
𝑑𝑦
(i) 𝑦(1 + 𝑒 𝑥 )𝑑𝑦 = (𝑦 + 1)𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 (ii) 𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑦 + 2; 𝑦(2) = 0
𝑑𝑦 𝜋
(iii) 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + cot 𝑦 = 0, 𝑦(√2) = 4
22. Solve the differential equations.
𝑑𝑦 (𝑥−𝑦)+3 (𝑥+𝑦+1)𝑑𝑦
(i) = (ii) =1
𝑑𝑥 2(𝑥−𝑦)+5 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
(iii) 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 − 𝑦 + 𝑥 sin (𝑥 ) = 0 (iv) 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2 − 2𝑦 2 + 𝑥𝑦
𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑦(𝑥+𝑦)
(v) 𝑥 sin (𝑥 ) 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑦 sin (𝑥 ) + 𝑥 (vi) + =0
𝑑𝑥 𝑥2

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 𝑑𝑦 𝑦 𝑦
(vii) = 𝑥 + tan (𝑥 )
𝑑𝑥
23. Find the particular solution of the given differential equations under given initial condition :
(i) (𝑥 2 − 2𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 0; 𝑦(1) = 1
𝑑𝑦
(ii) 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 = 0; 𝑦(1) = 2
(iii) (𝑥 2 + 3𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑦 = 0; 𝑦(1) = 0
24. Solve the following equations :
𝑑𝑦 2𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑦 2𝑦
(i) − 1+𝑥 2 = 𝑥 2 + 1 (ii) + = 𝑒𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥
𝑑𝑦
(iii) (1 + 𝑥 2 ) 𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑦 − 4𝑥 2 = 0 (v) 𝑦 𝑑𝑥 − (𝑥 + 2𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑦 = 0
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
(vi) 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 = 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝑥 (vii) 4 𝑑𝑥 + 8𝑦 = 5𝑒 −3𝑥
25. If the X intercept of the tangent to a curve at any point is four times its y-coordinate, then find the
equation of the curve.
2𝑦
26. A curve passes through (3, -4). Slope of tangent at any point (𝑥, 𝑦) is . Find the equation of the
𝑥
curve.
27. The increase in the principal amount kept at the compound interest in a bank is proportional to the
product of the principal amount and annual rate of interest.
(1) Annual rate of interest in bank is 5%. How many years will it take to double the principal
amount?
(2) At what annual rate of interest, the principal amount will double in 10 years ?
28. Rate of decay of a radioactive body is proportional to its mass present at that time. After a decay of
one hour the mass of the body is 100 grams and after two years it is 80 grams. Find the initial mass
of the body.
29. If the length of the subnormal of a curve is constant and if it passes through the origin, then find its
equation.
30. Find the equation of the curve passing through point (1, 2), given that at any points (x, y) on the
curve, if the product of the slope of its tangent and y-coordinate of the points is equal to the x-
coordinate of the point.
𝑎
31. Verify that the function 𝑦 = 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑐 is the general solution of the differential equation.
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
𝑦 = 𝑥 (𝑑𝑥 ) + 𝑎 (𝑑𝑦) (c is an arbitrary constant.)
32. Solve the following :
𝑑𝑦 4𝑥𝑦 1 𝑑𝑦
(i) + 𝑥 2 +1 = (𝑥 2 +1)3 (ii) 𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑥 = 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
(iii) (𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 )𝑑𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 0 𝑦(1) = 1 (v) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 + 𝑦 = tan 𝑥

CHAPTER - 6

1. If 𝑥̅ = 5𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂ − 3𝑘̂ and 𝑦̅ = 2𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂, then find (𝑥̅ + 2𝑦̅) . (2𝑥̅ − 𝑦̅).
𝜋
2. If the measure of the angle between the vectors √3𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ and 𝑎𝑖̂ + √3𝑗̂ is 3 , find 𝑎.
∧
3. If |𝑥̅ | = |𝑦̅| = 1 and (𝑥̅ 𝑦̅) = 𝜃, then prove that |𝑥̅ − 𝑦̅ cos 𝜃| = sin 𝜃
4. Find unit vectors orthogonal to both (1, 2, 3) and (2, -1, 4)
5. If |𝑥̅ | = 2, |𝑦̅| = 4, |𝑧̅| = 1 and 𝑥̅ + 𝑦̅ + 𝑧̅ = 0̅, find 𝑥̅ . 𝑦̅ + 𝑦̅ . 𝑧̅ + 𝑧̅ . 𝑥̅ .

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 6. Express 𝑥̅ = 3𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂ as a sum of two vectors 𝑎̅ and 𝑏̅ such that 𝑎̅ is parallel to 𝑦̅ and 𝑏̅ is
perpendicular to vector 𝑦̅, where 𝑦̅ = 2𝑖̂ − 𝑘̂ .
7. For non-zero vectors 𝑎̅ , 𝑏̅ and 𝑐̅ , if 𝑎̅ × 𝑏̅ = 𝑏̅ × 𝑐̅ = 𝑎̅, then prove that |𝑏̅| = 1.
8. 𝐴(1, 1, 2), 𝐵(2, 3, 5), 𝐶(1, 3, 4) and 𝐷(0,1,1, ) are the vertices of a parallelogram 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷. Find its
area.
9. If 𝛼, 𝛽, 𝛾 are the direction angles of 𝑥̅ , prove that 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝛼 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝛽 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝛾 = 2. Also find that the
value of cos 2𝛼 + cos 2𝛽 + cos 2𝛾.
10. Find a unit vector in XY-plane perpendicular to 4𝑖̂ − 3𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂.
𝜋
11. 𝑎̅ is a unit vector and 𝑏̅ = (0, −4). The measure of the angle between then is 6 . If the diagonals of
the parallelogram are (3𝑎̅ + 𝑏̅) and (𝑎̅ + 3𝑏̅) then obtain the area of the parallelogram.
12. Prove that [𝑥̅ + 𝑦̅ 𝑦̅ + 𝑧̅ 𝑧̅ + 𝑥̅ ] = 2[𝑥̅ 𝑦̅ 𝑧̅].
13. If 𝑥̅ . 𝑦̅ = 𝑥̅ . 𝑦̅ and 𝑥̅ × 𝑦̅ = 𝑥̅ × 𝑦̅ and 𝑥̅ ≠ 0̅, then prove that 𝑦̅ = 𝑧̅
∧ 𝛼 1
14. If (𝑥̅ 𝑦̅) = 𝛼, then prove that sin 2 = 2 |𝑥̅ − 𝑦̅|, where 𝑥̅ and 𝑦̅ are unit vectors.
15. Find unit vectors in 𝑅 2 orthogonal to (5, −12).
16. Prove that (𝑎̅ − 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑗𝑏̅ 𝑎̅) is orthogonal to 𝑏̅ .
17. Find |𝑎̅ × 𝑏̅|, if |𝑎̅| = 4, |𝑏̅| = 5 and (𝑎̅. 𝑏̅) = −6
1 1 1
18. If (𝑎, 1, 1), (1, 𝑏, 1) and (1, 1, 𝑐) are coplanar prove that 1−𝑎 + 1−𝑏 + 1−𝑐 = 1
∧ 𝜋
19. If 𝑎̅ is orthogonal to both 𝑏̅ and 𝑐̅ and 𝑎̅, 𝑏̅, 𝑐̅ are unit vectors and (𝑏̅ 𝑐̅) = 6 , show that 𝑎̅ =
±2(𝑏̅ × 𝑐̅).
20. Prove that [(𝑎̅ × 𝑏̅) × (𝑎̅ × 𝑐̅)] . 𝑑̅ = (𝑎̅ . 𝑑̅)[𝑎̅ 𝑏̅ 𝑐̅].
21. Prove by using vectors that sin(𝛼 + 𝛽) = sin 𝛼 cos 𝛽 + cos 𝛼 sin 𝛽
22. Find the area of the triangle whose verticies are (4. −3, 1)(2, −4, 5), (1, −1, 0)
23. Find the projection of 4𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂ on 𝑖̂ − 𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ and its magnitude.
24. If 𝐴(3, 2, −4), 𝐵 = (4, 3, −4), 𝐶(3, 3, 3) and 𝐷(4, 2, −3), find projection of ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐷 on ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐵 × ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐶 .
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
25. Use vectors to prove sin 𝐴 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐵 = sin 𝐶 for ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶.
26. Obtain cosine formula for a triangle by using vector.
27. Express 2𝑖̂ − 3𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ as a sum of two vectors out of which one vector is perpendicular to 2𝑖̂ − 4𝑗̂ +
𝑘̂ and another is parallel to 2𝑖̂ − 4𝑗̂ + 𝑘̂ .
𝜋
28. Find unit vector in 𝑅 3 which makes an angle of measure 4 with 𝑖̂ and perpendicular to 𝑘̂.
29. If the sum of two unit vector is a unit vector, show that the magnitude of their difference is √3.
30. If 𝑎̅ = (1, 1, 1) and 𝑐̅ = (0, 1, −1) are given vectors, find 𝑏̅ such that 𝑎̅ × 𝑏̅ = 𝑐̅ and 𝑎̅ . 𝑏̅ = 3
31. Find the volume of parallelepiped whose edges are ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑂𝐴 = (3, 1, 4), 𝑂𝐵⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = (1, 2, 3), 𝑂𝐶
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = (2, 1, 5).

CHAPTER : 7

𝑥−2 𝑦−1 𝑧+3 𝑥+2 𝑦−4 𝑧−3

1. Find the measure of the angle between the lines = = and = = .
2 2 1 4 1 8
𝑥−5 𝑦−5 𝑧−2 𝑥 𝑦−3 𝑧+1
2. If the lines = = and = = are perpendicular to each other, find k.
7 𝑘 1 1 2 3
3. Find the Cartesian equation of the line which passes through the point (2, -4, 5) and is parallel to the
line 𝑟̅ = (−3, 4, 8) + 𝑘(3, 5, 6), 𝑘 ∈ 𝑅.
𝑥−3 𝑦+2 𝑧+1 𝑥 𝑧+3
4. Exmine whether the lines : = = and 𝑀 ∶ 2 = , 𝑦 = −1 are coplanar or not.
4 −1 −1 3

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 𝑥−4 𝑦+1 𝑧−2
5. Find the distance between the lines : = = and 𝑀 ∶ 𝑟̅ = (2, 3, −1) + 𝑘(−3, 2, −6),
3 −2 6
𝑘𝜖𝑅.
𝑥−1 𝑦−2 𝑧−3 𝑥−4 𝑦−1
6. Prove that 𝐿 ∶ = = and 𝑀 ∶ = = 𝑧 are coplanar and find the equation of the
2 3 4 5 2
plane containing them.
7. Find the equation of the plane passing through the intersection of the planes 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 𝑧 − 1 = 0
and 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 𝑧 − 7 = 0 and also passing through the point (1, 2, 3). Also obtain the equation of the
line of intersection of these planes.
8. If a line makes angles of measures 𝛼, 𝛽, 𝛾, 𝛿 with the four diagonals of a cube, prove that
4
cos 2𝛼 + cos 2𝛽 + cos 2𝛾 + cos 2𝛿 = − .
3
𝑥−6 𝑦−7 7−𝑧
9. Find the image of 𝐴(1, 2, 3) in the line 𝐿 ∶ 3 = 2 = 2 .
10. Find the equation of the plane passing through (2, 2, −2) and (−2, −2, 2) and perpendicular to the
plane 2𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 𝑧 − 7 = 0
11. Show that (i) The line 𝑟̅ = (1, 2, −3) + 𝑘(4, −3,2), 𝑘 ∈ 𝑅 is parallel to the plane 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 3𝑧 = 5.
(ii) the plane 2𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 4𝑧 = 4 contains the line (1, −2, −2) + 𝑘((1,2,1), 𝑘 ∈ 𝑅
12. Find the vector and Cartesian equation of the line passing through (1, −2,1) and perpendicular to the
𝑥 𝑦+6 3𝑧−9
line 𝑥 + 3 = 2𝑦 = −12𝑧 𝑎𝑛𝑑 2 = = .
2 1
13. Show that the line through the points (2,1, −1)𝑎𝑛𝑑 (−2,3,4) is perpendicular to the line through the
points (9,7,8)𝑎𝑛𝑑 (11,6,10).
𝑥+2 𝑦−6 𝑧−5
14. Find the perpendicular distance of (−5,3,4) 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = = .
−4 5 3
15. Find the perpendicular distance between the lines 𝑥 = 3 − 2𝑘, 𝑦 = 𝑘, 𝑧 = 3 − 𝑘, 𝑘 ∈ 𝑅 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 =
2𝑘 − 3 , 𝑦 = 2 − 7 𝑧 = 7 + 𝑘, 𝑘 ∈ 𝑅
16. Find the equation of the plane passing through (−2,1,1) and perpendicular to the line which passes
through (5, −1,2) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (0,5,1). Also find the intercepts by these plane on the co-ordinate axis.
17. Find the equation of the plane passing through (2,0,1) and containing the line
𝑟̅ = (1,4, −1) + 𝑘(2, −3,3), 𝑘 ∈ 𝑅
18. Show that the points (2,7,3), (−10, −10,2), (−3,3,2) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (0, −2,4) are co-planar. Also find the
equation of the plane passing through them.
19. Find the perpendicular distance to the plane 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 5𝑧 − 13 = 0 from the point (5,3,4).
20. Find the perpendicular distance between the planes 12𝑥 − 6𝑦 + 4𝑧 − 21 = 0 and
6𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 2𝑧 − 1 = 0
21. Find the equation of the plane passing through 𝐴(1,3,5) and perpendicular to 𝐴𝑃 ̅̅̅̅, where P
is (3, −2,1).
22. Find the equation of the plane passing through the point (1,1, −1) and containing the line
𝑟̅ = (2, −4, −6) + 𝑘(1,8, −3), 𝑘 ∈ 𝑅.
𝑥+1 3−𝑦 𝑧+5 𝑥+1
23. Find the equation of the plane passing through the intersecting lines = = and =
1 1 2 3
𝑦−3 𝑧+5
= .
1 2
24. Find the foot of perpendicular from 𝑃(1,0,3) to the line passing through the points 𝐴(4,7,1) and
⃡⃗⃗⃗⃗ through P and perpendicular distance
𝐵(5,9, −1). also find the equation of perpendicular line 𝐴𝐵
from P to ⃡⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐴𝐵 .
𝑦−1 𝑧−2 𝑦−1 𝑧+1
25. Prove that the lines 𝑥 = 2, = and 𝑥 = = are skew.Find the shortest distances
3 1 1 3
between them.

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 𝑥+3 5−𝑦 1−𝑧 𝑥+3 𝑦−5 𝑧−1
26. Find the point of intersection of the lines = = and = = . Also find the
2 1 1 2 3 1
measure of the angle between them.
𝑥−3 𝑦−1
27. Find the equation of the line passing through (1,2,3) and perpendicular to both lines = =
1 2
𝑧+1 𝑥−5 𝑦+8 𝑧−5
and = = .
−1 −3 1 5
28. Find the image of (1,5,1) in the plane 𝑥 − 2𝑦 + 𝑧 + 5 = 0.
29. Find the foot of perpendicular from (0,2, −2) to the plane 2𝑥 − 3𝑦 + 4𝑧 − 44 = 0, the equation of
this perpendicular and the perpendicular distance between the point and the plane.
30. Find the equation of the plane through the line of intersection of the planes 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 − 𝑧 − 4 = 0
and 𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 − 2 = 0 and through the point (1,2,2). Also find the equation of the line of
intersection of these planes.
𝑥−1 𝑦+2 𝑧+4 𝑥−7 𝑦+6 𝑧+8
31. Prove that the line = = and = = intersect each other find the equation of the
2 3 4 5 1 2
plane containing them.

*******

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