Submitted To : Dr ShakeelAhmed

Submitted By :Zubair Rashid Khan

Reg # Ciit/SP18-RMS-036/ATK

COMSATS UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD CAMPUS

ATTOCK
How To Write An Introduction Of A Research Paper

Writing an introduction of a research paper one of the most important yet daunting task
for any researcher. In some of the journals the introduction section is also wriiten as
“background” of the study. For any scientific research article , the introduction ( which

may or may not be labeled so) should declare the subject ,worthiness and objective of the
research paper(DeBakey & DeBakey, 1983)

For drafting an introduction some authors preferred to write lengthy introductions with
heavy references however the classical practice still restrict it to 2 -3 paragraphs.For most
of the topics a 3 paragraph introduction is good enough.(Alexandrov, 2004) A good
 introduction having some crisp can easily buy attention of editors, reviewers and
reader.(Jha, 2014) Though other than BMJ , journals do not specify any guidelines for the
introduction part of the research paper.(Malik, 2014)

Generally, An introduction of a research paper is comprises of three constituents; the first

portion includes the background;second explain the need to explore the new possibility
and third part state the hypothesis/assumption and rationale of the study.(Bavdekar, 2015)
However it is also not necessary to elaborate every paper for the topic in the
introduction.

Furthermore, a brief discussion of background in the first paragraph should be in present

tense enlightening “what is already known” i.e the context, nature and relevance of the
research question and research objective.whereas second paragraph should be in way to
unveil the due significance of the unsolved matter.Third paragraph provides an answer to
the reason y the study is being conducted and describe the assumptions of the
research.(Dewan & Gupta, 2016) Although some of the new researchers do not discuss
the hypothesis in the introduction section.

Whilst writing it is preferred to structure the introduction like what is known as “inverted
pyramid’ The flow of information in the introduction part should go from broader view
to narrow just like in a shape of conical funnel(Annesley, 2010)

Moreover, in case of humanities and social sciences researchers are given an opportunity
to use creative wys to introduce the topic with quotation or anecdotes’(Research Paper
Introduction Example: Tips On Writing,” n.d.)

Another key point in the introduction section is the ‘’epistemological describing what is
our attitude towards the existing knowledge

Results and discussion are needed to give text to the figure, therefore data and conclusion
are not included in this part of the research paper.

Sr. Paragraph References

1 For any scientific research article , the introduction
( which may or may not be labeled so) should
declare the subject ,worthiness and objective of the
research paper(DeBakey & DeBakey, 1983)
2 For drafting an introduction some authors preferred
to write lengthy introductions with heavy references
however the classical practice still restrict it to 2 -3
paragraphs.
A good introduction having some crisp can easily
buy attention of editors, reviewers and reader.
Other than BMJ , journals do not specify any
DeBakey, L., & DeBakey, S. (1983). The case report. I.
Guidelines for preparation. Internationaljournal
of cardiology, 4(3), 357-364.
Alexandrov, A. V. (2004). How to write a research
paper. Cerebrovascal Diseases, 18, 135-138.
Jha, K. N. (2014). How to write articles that get
published. Journal of clinical and diagnostic
research: JCDR, 8(9), XG01.
 guidelines for the introduction part of the research Malik, A. M. (2014). How to write an introduction and
paper.(Malik, 2014) methods of a systematic review of
literature. Journal of Pakistan Medical
Association, 64(10), 1208.
3 An introduction of a research paper is comprises of Bavdekar, S. B. (2015). Writing Introduction: Laying the
three constituents; the first portion includes the Foundations of a Research Paper. Journal of The
background;second explain the need to explore the Association of Physicians of India, 63.
new possibility and third part state the
hypothesis/assumption and rationale of the study
4 A brief discussion of background at outset should be Understanding the Publishing Process: How to publish in
in present tense enlighten “what is already known” scholarly journals. (n.d.). Retrieved September 28,
i.e the context, nature and relevance of the research 2018, from https://www.elsevier.com/research-
question and research objective.after that unveil the intelligence/resource-library/understanding-the-
due significance of the unsolved matter in the end publishing-process-how-to-publish-in-scholarly-
describe the rationale and assumptions of the journals
research. Dewan, P., & Gupta, P. (2016). Writing the title, abstract
and introduction: Looks matter!. Indian
pediatrics, 53(3), 235-241.

5 If you are doing research in social sciences or Gastel, B., & Day, R. A. (2016). How to write and publish
humanities then put quotations, anecdotes etc. in the a scientific paper. ABC-CLIO.
introduction to support your arguments that will
focus on the research topic and declare what your
research topic is.

Writing an Introduction for thesis

On the other hand the introduction of thesis should be much more comprehensive and
broad as compared to the research article. Several manuscripts are available who had
focused the process of thesis writing (Murray, 2001). It constitutes a whole first chapter
of the thesis. The mutual processes of reading and critiquing the writing of peers also
hone critical reading and writing skills (Hay & Delaney, 1994; Lee & Boud, 2003)The
beginning of the thesis should edify a broad context providing a sense to what a reader
should expect out of research work. Provide an extensive background and literature
review. Beside, elaborating the significance of the problem; its value in the current
scenario should be described logically.
 References

Annesley, T. M. (2010). “It was a cold and rainy night”: Set the Scene with a Good

Introduction. Clinical Chemistry, 56(5), 708–713.

Evans, D., Gruba, P., & Zobel, J. (2014). How to write a better thesis (Third edition).

Heidelberg: Springer.

Ferguson, T. (2009). The ‘Write’ Skills and More: A Thesis Writing Group for Doctoral

Students. Journal of Geography in Higher Education, 33(2), 285–297.

https://doi.org/10.1080/03098260902734968

Guide on Writing a Research Introduction. (2018, February 26). Retrieved September 24,

2018, from https://essay-lib.com/write-introduction-research-paper/

Jha, K. N. (2014). How to write articles that get published. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic

Research: JCDR, 8(9), XG01.

Murray, R. E. G. (2001). Integrating Teaching and Research Through Writing Development

for Students and Staff. Active Learning in Higher Education, 2(1), 31–45.

https://doi.org/10.1177/1469787401002001003

Rowena, M. (2011). How To Write A Thesis. McGraw-Hill Education (UK).

(N.d.).