EC632

Advanced Antenna Engineering 3-0-0; Credit: 3; Lectures- 42

PREREQUISITE
 Vector Calculus

 Electromagnetic Field Theory

 Basic Antenna Theory

COURSE OBJECTIVE
 This course is intended to provide students with a good understanding of the general
characteristics of different antennas, the principles and theory behind their operation, and
modelling techniques for different antenna systems.

COURSE CONTENT
Unit-I:Introduction(1 Lectures)
Fundamental Parameters of Antennas; Equivalent Circuit of Transmitting and Receiving
Antennas.
Unit-II:Wire Antenna(6 Lectures)
Radiation Integral and Auxiliary Potential Functions; Short and Long Linear Dipole; Calculation
of Phase-Error Introduced in Far-Field Approximation of Linear Dipole; Half-Wavelength Dipole
and Quarter-Wavelength Monopole Antenna; Duality Principle and Infinitesimal Loop Antenna;
Consideration of Impedance Matching; Feeding Dipole Antenna and BALUN
Unit-III: Broadband Antenna and Antenna Miniaturization (4 Lectures)
Broadband and Frequency Independent Antennas with Emphasis on Bi-Conical Dipole, Helical
Antenna, and Log-Periodic Antenna; Antenna Miniaturization − Chu Limit, Inverted-L, and
Inverted-F antenna
Unit-IV: Antenna Arrays (9 Lectures)
Linear Phased Array; Planar Array; Planar Phased Array; Beam scanning and Grating Lobe;
Synthesis of Antenna Array- continuous source, Schelkunoff Polynomial Method, Fourier
Transform Method, Woodward-Lawson Method, Taylor Line-Source, Continuous Aperture
Sources; Yagi-Uda Passive Array; Electronically Steerable Passive Array Radiator (ESPAR)
Unit-V: Method of Moment Analysis of Antenna (6 Lectures)
Introduction to Integral Equation; Weighted Residual Method; Point matching and Galerkin’s
Technique; Computation of Capacitance of Parallel Plate Capacitor Considering Fringing Effect
Using MATLAB Code; MoM Solution of Charge Distribution on a Metallic Cylinder;
Pocklington’s Integral Equation and Hallen’s Integral Equation; Computation of Current
Distribution on Finite Diameter Dipole Antenna; Delta Gap and magnetic Field Source
Modelling; Computation of Self and Mutual Impedance of wire antenna using MATLAB Code
Unit-VI: Aperture Antennas (10 Lectures)
 Babinet’s Principles; Field Equivalence Principle; Magnetic Current Distribution on Waveguide
Slot and Open Ended Waveguide; Radiation Integral for Aperture Distribution of Magnetic
Current; Radiation due to Open Rectangular Waveguide; Horn Antenna (E-plane and H-plane of
radiation); Introduction to Reflector Antenna; Lens Antenna; Microstrip Antenna.
Unit-VII: Antenna Measurement (4 Lectures)
Vector Network Analyser and Measurement of Scattering Parameter; Measurement of Received
Power Using Power Meter; Measurement of Antenna Gain using two Antenna and Three Antenna
Systems; Usage of Reciprocity in Measurement of Radiation Pattern; Radiation Pattern
Measurement in Open Space and Anechoic Chamber, Near-field Radiation Pattern Measurement
using Fourier Transform; Compact Antenna Test Range (CATR); TEM Cell
Unit-VIII: Propagation for Modern Mobile Communication (2 Lectures)
Free-Space Propagation, Friis Transmission Formula and Path Loss; Two Ray Model; Multipath
Propagation in Different Propagation Terrain; Diffraction and Ray Tracing; Scattering Based
Propagation Models for Macro-, Micro-, and Pico-cells with Reference to COST Models

TEXT BOOKS
1. C. A. Balanis, Antenna Theory - Analysis and Design. John Wiley and Sons, Inc, 2005.
2. S. Saunders and A. Aragón-Zavala, Antennas and Propagation for Wireless Communication
Systems, 2nd Ed. Wiley India, 2007.
3. R. F. Harrington, Field Computation by Moment Methods, IEEE Press, 1993

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. S. Ramo, J. R. Whinnery, and T.V. Duzer, Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics.
John Wiley, 1994.

COURSE OUTCOMES
Students would be able to –

CO1: Describe and analyze some simple radiating systems.

CO2: Analyze and synthesize phased arrays.
CO3: Describe and analyze the general characteristics of different types of wire antennas and aperture
antennas.
CO4: Describe and analyze different types of broadband and miniaturized antennas.
CO5: Analyze antennas using MoM technique.
CO6: Analyze and model the propagation mechanism of modern mobile communication.