Toberas, difusores: Otto

hi + Vi2/2 = he + Ve2/2 η= 1 – r 1–k

Ve2 - Vi2 r = V1 V2
Eficiencia isentropica (tobera) =
2 _ hi - hesi
Diesel
Turbinas, bombas, Compresores:
r = V1 V2
he = hs + w
rc = V3 V2
hi - he
Eficiencia isentropica (turbina) = h - h k
i s
h= 1- 1 > rc - 1 H
hes - hi rk- 1
k _ rc - 1i
Eficiencia isentropica (compresor, bomba) = h - h
e i k = cp cv
Bomba: hes - hi = vi(Pe - Pi)
Refrigeracion compresion vapor
Valvula expansion
COPR= QL/W
he = hi
COPBC = QH /W
Condensadores, Evaporadores
COPmax,R = TL /(TH – TL)
he + q = he
COPmax,BC = TH /(TH – TL)
Intercambiadores de calor:
1 ton refrigeracion = 12,000 Btu/hr = 3,516 W
mo 1 _ h1i - h1ei = mo 2 _ h2e - h2i i
o o
Refrigeracion amoniaco-agua
CAA abiertos y cerrados:
Rmo ihi = Rmo ehe COP= QL/Qgen
Rmo i = Rmo e
COPrev= QL/Qgen= (1-(T0 /Ts))/(TL /T0-TL)
subindice i = entrada , e = salida

Rankine
Refrigeracion gas
η = Wneto,s /QH = (QH – QL)/QH
COP= QL/W= qL/(wcompresor,e- wturbina,s )
Carnot
Psicrometría
ηc = (TH – TL)/TH
P = Pa + Pv
Brayton
ω= mv /ma
η = wneto,s /qe= 1 – rp(1 – k)/k
ω = 0.622Pv /Pa = 0.622Pv /(P – Pv)

rp= P2 /P1 φ = Pv /Pg

Brayton regenerativo h: h = ha + ωhv=cp Ta + ωhg

ɛ= (T5 -T2) /(T4 -T2) Tpr = Tsat a Pg = Pv
η= (T1 /T3)1 – rp(k – 1)/k