Chapter II: Statically Determinate

Chapter II :

Analysis
of
TDM

Statically Determinate
Structures

Subjects:
Chapter II: Statically Determinate

II.1 Idealized Structure. (Ref. P. 33-45)

II.2 Principle of Superposition. (Ref. P. 46)

II.3 Equations of Equilibrium. (Ref. P. 47) TDM

II.4 Determinacy and Stability. (Ref. P. 48-58) + Add. Doc.

II.5 Application of the Equations of Equilibrium. (Ref. P. 59-67)

II.1 Idealized Structure

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

 An exact analysis of a structure can never be carried out, since

estimates always have to be made of the loadings and the strength of
the materials composing the structure.

1. Load Values
TDM
2. Point of applied loads Suj I

3. Conception & Analysis

4. Redundancy and Verifications
5. Prevent and Excessive (extreme)
6. Type of Connections:
a. Rollers (Simple Supported)
b. Pinned
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c. Fixed

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II.1 Idealized Structure

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

TDM

Suj I

II.1 Idealized Structure

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

 Structural Elements Presentations:

TDM

Suj I

II.1 Idealized Structure

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

 Degree of Freedom – Displacements & Rotations

 Structure Frame – Support Definitions – Type of Joints “B”
 Main Structural Members

TDM

Suj I

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II.1 Idealized Structure

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

 Structural Systems – Load Rundown (descente des charges)
 Girder Beams – main Beams and secondary Beams – joists
 Short Span  Main Girders
 How to present the Structural Elements: Beams and their shapes
TDM

Suj I

II.1 Idealized Structure

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

TDM

Suj I

II.1 Idealized Structure

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

 Tributary Area:
1. Transmission of loads to the various structural elements used for their
support.
2. Based on the structural Systems, the load transmission will be
TDM
occurred:
Suj I
a. Geometric
b. Materials
c. Construction Methods
3. Two ways for slab load transmission:
1. One Way System
2. Two Way System
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II.1 Idealized Structure

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

 One Way Slab:
1. Slab Supported in one direction
2. One way structural elements embedded into the slab
3. Presenting the loads, transmission of loads on the beams.
TDM

Suj I

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II.1 Idealized Structure

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

TDM

Suj I

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II.1 Idealized Structure

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F-C6fCBy99w
 One Way Slab:
1. Case when the girders and beams (joists)
are in the same level.
2. Reinforcement in one direction also
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defined the system direction.
Suj I
3. Report of L1/L2:
Greater than 2  one way system
Less than 2  Two way System

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II.1 Idealized Structure

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

 Two Way Slab:
1. Load transmission over the four edges.
2. Loads on beams function of L1 & L2
3. Triangular and trapezoidal Shapes
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4. 45o load transmission
Suj I

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II.1 Idealized Structure

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

Example 2.1:
The floor of a classroom is to be supported by the bar joists as shown. Each
joist is 15 ft long and they are spaced 2.5 ft on centers. The floor itself is to be
made from lightweight concrete that is 4 in thick. Neglect the weight of the
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joists and the corrugated metal deck, and determine the load that acts along
Suj I
each joist.

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II.1 Idealized Structure

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

Example 2.1: Solution

Light weight Concrete 8 lb/ft2.in
Live load: 40lb/ft2

L1 = 2.5ft et L2 = 15ft  One-way

TDM

Suj I

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II.1 Idealized Structure

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

Example 2.2:
The flat roof of the steel-frame building shown in the photo is intended to
support a total load of 2 KN/m2 over its surface. Determine the roof load
within region ABCD that is transmitted to beam BC. The dimensions are as
TDM
shown
Suj I

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II.1 Idealized Structure

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

Example 2.2: Solution

Support Ratio L2/L1 = 1.25 < 2  Two Way System

TDM

Suj I

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II.1 Idealized Structure

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

Example 2.3: Solution

The concrete girders shown in the photo of the passenger car parking
garage span 30 ft and are 15 ft on center. If the floor slab is 5 in. thick
and made of reinforced stone concrete, and the specified live load is 50
lb/ft2, determine the distributed load of the floor system transmits to
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each interior girder.
Suj I

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II.1 Idealized Structure

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

Example 2.3: Solution
Pour le béton, densité 150lb/ft3.

TDM

Suj I

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II.2 Principle of Superposition

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

 Principle of superposition stated as follows:

1. The total displacement or internal loadings (stress)

2. Linear relationship exist among the loads, stresses, and

TDM

displacements. Suj I

 Two requirements must be imposed for the principle of superposition

1. The material must behave in a linear-elastic manner 20

2. The geometry of the structure  small displacement theory

II.3 Equations of Equilibrium

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

 Equilibrium of rigid Bodies:

 Free Body Diagram – FBD

TDM

Suj I
 Internal Forces calculation – M, V, P & T – Equilibrium
– Section Method

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II.4 Determinacy and Stability

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

 Statically Determinate Structure (Isostatique):
 Nbrs of Unknowns = Nbrs of equilibrium equations

 FBD for every structural elements or a part of the structure:

r = Nbrs of reactions and moments (Unknowns)
TDM
n = Nbrs of Structural divisions
Suj I

 Additional Equations to cover the indeterminacy

e.g.: compatibility equations, Displacement and rotation (Chapter X)

 System isostatique: Statically Determinate

Système Hyperstatique: Statically Indeterminate 22

Degré d’hyperstaticité: Degrees of Indeterminacy

II.4 Determinacy and Stability

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

 Example 2.4:
Classify each of the beams shown hereunder as statically
determinate or statically indeterminate. If statically indeterminate,
report the number of degrees of indeterminacy. The beams are
subjected to external loadings that are assumed to be known and can
TDM
act anywhere on the beams.
Suj I

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II.4 Determinacy and Stability

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

 Solution

TDM

Suj I

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II.4 Determinacy and Stability

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

 Example 2.5:
Classify each of the pin-connected structures shown here under as
statically determinate or statically indeterminate. If statically
indeterminate, report the number of degrees of indeterminacy. The
structures are subjected to arbitrary external loadings that are
TDM
assumed to be known and can act anywhere on the structures.
Suj I

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II.4 Determinacy and Stability

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

Solution:

TDM

Suj I

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II.4 Determinacy and Stability

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

 Example 2.6:
Classify each of the frames shown here under as statically
determinate or statically indeterminate. If statically indeterminate,
report the number of degrees of indeterminacy. The frames are
subjected to external loadings that are assumed to be known and can
TDM
act anywhere on the frames.
Suj I

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II.4 Determinacy and Stability

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

Solution:

TDM

Suj I

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II.4 Determinacy and Stability

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

 Stability: Equilibrium of a structure or its members the members

must also be properly held or constrained by their supports.
1. Partial Constraints. fewer reactive
forces than equations of equilibrium
that must be satisfied the member
TDM
will be unstable.
Suj I

2. Improper Constraints. unknown forces =eq. of equilibrium;

but Instability or movement of a structure or its members can
develop because of improper constraining by the supports. e.g:
 the support reactions are concurrent at a point.
 summation of moments about point O will not be equal to 0
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II.4 Determinacy and Stability

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

TDM

Suj I

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II.4 Determinacy and Stability

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

TDM

Suj I

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II.4 Determinacy and Stability

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

 Example 2.7: Classify each of the structures in Figure here underd

as stable or unstable.
The structures are subjected to arbitrary external loads that are
assumed to be known

TDM

Suj I

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II.4 Determinacy and Stability

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

 Example 2.7: Solution

TDM

Suj I

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II.4 Determinacy and Stability

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

 Example 2.7: Solution

TDM

Suj I

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II.5 Application of the Equations of Equilibrium

Chapter II: Statically Determinate

 For Building, define the connection

Types.

 Separate the different structural

elements and verify the equilibrium

 Check the minimum required as TDM

reaction to avoid the collapse. Suj I

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