Bio Medical Applications

Electronic Medical
Automated External Defibrillator

Automated External Defibrillators (AED)

are medical devices that can analyze a heart’s rhythm. Electrical impulses generated in the
heart’s ventricles, when they have no regular pattern, indicates specific conditions exist. The
AED analyses the rhythm and if indicated, a fully automatic AED will deliver an electric shock
to the heart to try and get it pumping effectively again. Most AEDs conduct self-tests to ensure
reliability. An AED can save lives and is often combined with CPR until professional medical
help can be obtained. Anyone interested in training to use an AED should contact the Red Cross
or a local medical professional.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) helps us

visualize the structures of the body that include water and fat molecules. MRI is a technique for taking
very clear and detailed pictures of tissues and internal organs using high frequency radio waves
delivered in pulses and a strong magnetic field.

This design is for reference only. The design, as well as the products suggested, has not been tested for
compatibility or interoperability.
Portable Ultrasound

Ultrasound waves are beyond the level of human hearing

and are used medically for non-invasive testing and measurement. Ultrasound wave frequencies
technically start at about 20kHz, but most ultrasonic transducers start at 200kHz. With very short
wavelengths, ultrasound is good for detecting small details.

This design is for reference only. The design, as well as the products suggested, has not been tested for
compatibility or interoperability.
Digital X-Ray

Digital X-ray is changing the way radiology

departments operate. Digital technology provides a significant reduction in exposure to radiation,
improves the quality of diagnostic images, and eliminates the very large cost, both economically and
environmentally, in chemical processing costs versus traditional analog x-ray systems.

This design is for reference only. The design, as well as the products suggested, has not been tested for
compatibility or interoperability.
Electronic Weight Scale

Over two-thirds of U.S. adults weigh more than they

should, estimates the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. But regardless of country, obesity
has generally been a growing concern among the health-conscious – and, of course, most body weight
management plans will at least require one instrument: the weigh scale.

This design is for reference only. The design, as well as the products suggested, has not been tested for
compatibility or interoperability.
Heart Rate Monitor

A heart rate monitor can be a useful tool for anyone

interested in exercise because it allows a person to manage the intensity of a workout. This is important
because personal fitness goals often require exercise to be maintained at some target heart rate.

This design is for reference only. The design, as well as the products suggested, has not been tested for
compatibility or interoperability.
Personal Activity Monitor

An activity monitor is a low-power,

portable device used to measure and record such things as body movement and temperature for the
purpose of tracking physical performance and number of calories consumed. Personal activity
monitoring can provide an objective means for tracking one's physical fitness progress.

Wall Adapter

This design is for reference only. The design, as well as the products suggested, has not been tested for
compatibility or interoperability.
Blood Pressure Monitor

Blood pressure monitors use an inflatable

air-bladder cuff and a listening device or pressure sensor to measure blood pressure in an artery. Blood
pressure monitors consist of either manually inflated cuffs with a stethoscope for listening to arterial
wall sounds or a blood pressure monitor that contains a pressure sensor for sensing arterial wall
vibrations. The automatic blood pressure monitors consist of upper-arm and wrist models. Some blood
pressure monitors can upload data to a computer for further analysis and tracking of measurements
over time. This data transfer is usually done through a USB interface.

This design is for reference only. The design, as well as the products suggested, has not been tested for
compatibility or interoperability.
CPAP Machine

CPAP stands for " Continuous Positive

Airway Pressure ." The CPAP is a very beneficial treatment for those with sleep apnea, which is a
medical condition where the airway closes off when an affected individual is in a relaxed or sleep state.
CPAP therapy holds the airway open so that uninterrupted breathing is maintained and a restful night’s
sleep is achieved.

This design is for

reference only. The design, as well as the products suggested, has not been tested for compatibility or
interoperability.
Digital Stethoscope

Basic digital stethoscopes retain the look and

feel of acoustic stethoscopes but improve listening performance. High-end digital stethoscopes offer
sophisticated capabilities, such as audio recording and playback, and provide data to visually chart
results by connecting to an off-instrument display. This advanced functionality increases the physician’s
diagnostic capability. The essential elements of a digital stethoscope are the sound transducer, the
audio codec electronics, and the speakers. The sound trans-ducer is the most critical piece in the chain.
It determines the diagnostic quality of the digital stethoscope.

This design is for reference only. The

design, as well as the products suggested, has not been tested for compatibility or interoperability.
Digital Thermometer

Digital thermometers measure body temperature over a small

temperature range centered around 37°C. Digital thermometers provide faster, more convenient
measurements and also eliminate the environmental hazard of mercury in legacy thermometers. Probe
and ear digital thermometers are the two most common types. Temple and forehead types are also
available. The probe type is used in the same way as a traditional mercury stick thermometer and
measures oral, rectal, or armpit temperatures. The ear type is a non-contact thermometer that
measures the infrared energy radiated from the ear canal.

This design is for reference only. The design, as

well as the products suggested, has not been tested for compatibility or interoperability.
Hearing Aid

Hearing Aids are electroacoustic devices

typically worn in or behind the ear and are designed to amplify and modulate sound for the hearing
impaired. The microphone converts sound into an electrical signal, the signal conditioning process
amplifies and/or edits the signal, and the receiver (speaker) converts the signal back to sound. The
battery powers the whole process.

This design is for reference only. The design, as well as the products suggested, has not been tested for
compatibility or interoperability.
Infusion Pump

An infusion pump delivers fluids, medication, or

nutrients to a patient via the circulatory system, subcutaneously, or epidurally, via controlled pressure
injecting. An infusion pump is used when it is otherwise impossible to treat a patient at the prescribed
times and quantities, such as in minute quantities smaller than what a drip system can deliver.

This design is for reference only. The design, as well as the products suggested, has not been tested for
compatibility or interoperability.
Pulse Oximeters

Pulse Oximeters measure oxygenation levels in patients by

noninvasively or continuously monitoring oxygen saturation in arterial blood. Most Pulse oximetry
systems use a transmissive optical technique, featuring a clip with optical electronics attached to a
finger, toe, or ear. Light is transmitted through the skin on one side of the clip and received on the
other, using LED’s and a photodiode.

This design is for

reference only. The design, as well as the products suggested, has not been tested for compatibility or
interoperability.