Descriptive

Contoh soal:

Peter is the youngest in our family. He is fourteen years old and four years younger than me. He has
long, straight hair, bright eyes and a friendly smile. Sometimes he is rather naughty at home, but he usually
does what he is asked to do.
Peter is interested in sports very much, and at school, he plays football and tennis. He is the best
badminton player in our family.
(sumber: pegangan guru untuk SMP/MTS oleh Bachtiar Bima Mustriana, 2009, PT Intan Pariwara)

Vocabularies: Young: muda, long: panjang, straight: lurus, hair: rambut, bright: cerah, friendly: ramah,
rather: agak, naughty: nakal, interested: tertarik, player: pemain.

1. How old is Peter? He is … years 6. From the text, we may conclude

old. that….
a. Four a. Many people do not like
b. Fourteen Peter.
c. Forty b. People is older that the
d. Ten writer.
Jawaban B c. Peter is a welcoming
2. The writer is … years old. person.
a. Fourteen d. Peter is not diligent at
b. Sixteen all.
c. Eighteen Jawaban C
d. Nineteen 7. What is the text mostly about?
Jawaban C a. Peter
3. Which of the following b. Peter’s hobby
statement is not true about Peter? c. Peter’s family
a. He has long and straight d. D. peters’ elder brother
hair. Jawaban A
b. He has bright eyes. 8. ”He is fourteen years old . . .
c. He is interested in Than me.” The underlined word refers to ….
sports. a. Peter
d. He plays football and b. The writer
tennis. c. The writer’s brother
Jawaban C d. the writer’s family
4. According to the passage, we Jawaban: B
know that Peter is …. 9. “Peter is interested in sports
a. The writer’s youngest very much, and at school he plays football and
brother tennis.” The underlined phrase can be
b. The writer’s elder replaced by ….
brother a. Dislike sport
c. A naughty boy b. Really likes sport
d. A friendly boy c. Hates sport very much
Jawaban A d. Finds sport not really
5. It is implied in the passage that entertaining
…. Jawaban B
a. Peter is naughty. 10. “But he usually does what he is
b. Peter is lazy. asked to do”. The underlined phrase means …
c. Peter is unfriendly. a. He does anything he
d. Peter is diligent. wants.
Jawaban D b. He always asks.
c. He is lazy.
d. He is diligent.
Jawaban D
 STRATEGI MENJAWAB TEKS DESCRIPTIVE

Yang sering ditanyakan antara lain:

1. Menentukan tujuan komunikasi
2. Menentukan Gambaran Umum
3. Menentukan Ide Utama Paragrap Tertentu
4. Menentukan Informasi Terinci
5. Menentukan Referensi Kata

STRATEGI
1. Strategi menjawab soal menentukan tujuan komunikasi
Model pertanyaan yang sering muncul:

What is the purpose of the text above ?

Jawabannya:
 Teks Deskripsi (isinya menggambarkan manusia,tokoh yang sedang naik daun, hewan,benda,dan suatu
tempat) maka jawabannya adalah to describe…(judul teks)/(sesuatu yang digambarkan dalam teks).

2. Strategi menjawab soal menentukan Gambaran Umum

Model pertanyaan yang sering muncul:

a. What is the text about?
b. What does the text tell us about?
c. What is the topic of the text?
d. The text mainly discusses…
e. The text tells us aboout…

Jawabannya:
 Jika ada judul maka jawabannya adalap2-h judul
 Jika tidak ada judul jawabannya kata yang paling banyak muncul di dalam teks, biasanya berada pada
kalimat pertama paragrap pertama, kalimat terakhir paragrap terakhir, atau kalimat pertama setiap paragraph

3. Strategi menjawab soal menentukan Ide Utama Paragrap Tertentu

Model pertanyaan yang sering muncul:

What is the main idea of paragraph…?

Jawabannya:
 Kalimat pertama yang berada di awal paragraph
 Kalimat terakhir di akhir paragraph

4. Strategi menjawab soal menentukan Informasi Terinci

Pertanyaan menggunakan kata tanya:

How (bagaimana), where (di mana),p when (kapan), which (yang mana), how many (berapa banyak), what (apa) ,Who
(siapa), Why (mengapa), whom (siapa), how long (berapa lama), etc

Jawabannya:
 Perhatikan kata kunci kata/kalimat dalam pertanyaan, lalu Carilah kata kunci /kalimat itu pada teks,
jawabannya terdapat di bagian sebelum atau sesudah kata kunci /kalimat pertanyaan
5. Strategi Menentukan Referensi Kata

Pertanyaan:p
 The underlined word, refers to…
 The word ‘we’ refers to … .
 What does the pronoun ‘it’ refer to?
 The word ‘she’ refers to…
Jawabannya:
 Subject atau Object pada kalimat sebelumnya
 CONTOH SOAL

Elizabeth II, born on 21st April 1926, is the eldest daughter of George VI and Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon. She married Philip Mountbatten,
a distant cousin, in 1947. The pair has four children: Charles, Prince of Wales, Anne, Andrew and Edward. She is the first monarch to
send her children to boarding schools in order to remove them from the ever-probing media. She has a strong sense of duty and
diligence. Her knowledge of current situation and trends are up to date. She possesses a sense of humorous rarely exhibited in
public where a dignified presence is her goal

1. Kemampuan yang diuji: Menentukan tujuan komunikatif teks

 Indikator: Disajikan sebuah teks deskriptif tentang orang terkenal, siswa dapat menentukan jawaban
pertanyaan tentang tujuan komunikatif dari teks tersebut dengan tepat.

 Soal:
What is the purpose of the text? It is to … .
A. Entertain the reader
B. Inform a successful person
C. tell someone’s experience
D. describe a particular person
 Kunci jawaban: d

 Pembahasan: Teks di atas adalah teks deskriptif, tujuan komunikatif teks tersebut adalah
mendeskripsikan sesuatu yang khusus. Pada teks tersebut mendeskripsikan orang terkenal ‘Elizabeth’, maka jawaban
yang tepat c.

2. Kemampuan yang diuji: Menentukan informasi tersirat

 Indikator: Disajikan sebuah teks deskriptif yang sama, siswa dapat menentukan jawaban pertanyaan
tentang informasi tersirat dari teks tersebut dengan tepat.

 Soal:
Anne is one of the … of George VI.
A. sister
B. niece
C. daughter
D. granddaughter
 Kunci jawaban: d

 Pembahasan: Pada text di atas tertulis Elizabeth adalah anak perempuan dari George VI, dan Anne adalah
anak perempuan dari Elizabeth, maka Anne adalah cucu perempuan dari George VI.

3. Kemampuan yang diuji: Menentukan makna kata/frasa/kalimat

 Indikator: Disajikan sebuah kalimat yang dikutip dari teks deskriptif yang sama yang salah satu katanya
digaris bawahi, siswa dapat menentukan jawaban pertanyaan tentang makna kata/frasa/kalimat dari kata yang digaris
bawahi tersebut dengan tepat.

 Soal:
“She possesses a sense of humorous rarely exhibited….”
The underlined word means….
A. hidden
B. found
C. shown
D. given
 Kunci jawaban: c

 Pembahasan: Makna ‘exhibited’ yang tepat secara konteks pada teks di atas adalah ‘shown
 Descriptive Text

Teks Deskriptif yaitu teks yang menjelaskan gambaran seseorang atau benda. Tujuannya adalah untuk
menggambarkan atau mengungkapkan orang, tempat atau benda tertentu.

Bisa dikatakan juga bahwa Descriptive text adalah teks yang menjelaskan tentang seperti apakah
orang atau benda yang dideskripsikan, baik bentuknya, sifat-sifatnya, jumlahnya dan lain-lain.

Struktur Descriptive Text (generic structure) adalah :

6. Identification (identifikasi) adalah pendahuluan , berupa gambaran umum tentang suatu
topik.
7. Description (deskripsi) adalah berisi ciri-ciri khusus yang dimiliki benda, tempat, atau orang
yang dideskripsikan.

Ciri-ciri Descriptive Text :

 Menggunakan simple present tense
 Menggunakan attribute verb, seperti be (am, is, are)
 Hanya fokus pada satu objek tersebut.
 Menggunakan kata sifat atau adjective
 Menggunakan bahasa yang menarik
 Kediri is a name of a town. It is situated in avalley between the Kelud and Wilis mountains and
inhabited by about 1.3 million people. In the center of the town there is a large hill which is called the Dathok
mountain. Because of the topography of the region, Kediri is called a chily town by the locals. There is a big
river called Brantas cutting off the centerof the town.
Besides temples, Kediri is also famous for its products like cigarettes and a special kind of tofu or
bean curd. This highly nutritious food is a delicacy of Kediri and has a distinctive taste. The cigarette factory
dominates the town’s economy and employs the majority of the women labor force. Kediri and the cigarette
factory are inseparable and it is considered the biggest cigarette factory in Indonesia. Most of the local people
work in this factory. Those who do not work here are farmers or traders.

1. What does the above text tell us about?

a. The history of Kediri
b. The famous products of Kediri
c. The description of Kediri
d. The people of Kediri

2. “Those who do not work here….”(Last sentence)

The underlined word refers to….
a. the local people
b. the factory workers
c. the farmers
d. the traders

My best friend
I have a special friend. She is my classmate and sits besides me. Her name is Rohmi. Rohmi is a quite
girl and very simple on the look. However, I really adore her. She is not only kind but also tough.
Rohmi comes from a very simple family. Her father is a pedicab driver and her mother has
passed away. She has a younger brother. His name is Rahmat. In order to help their father, Rohmi and her
brother work part-time to earn some money. Rohmi sells food during our class break, while her brother sells
newpapers and magazines after school.
One thing that I always admire about her is that she can manage her time well, and she always looks
cheerful.

3. What does the second paragraph tell you about?

a. Rohmi and her family
b. Rohmi and her father
c. Rohmi and her brother
d. Rohmi and her friends

4. ”…Rohmi and her brother work part-time to earn some money.” What do the underlined
words mean?
a. work for the whole of working week
b. work for only part of each day or week
c. work for the purpose of getting money as much as possible
d. work for family

5. Where did the writer sit ?

a. in front of Rohmi
b. behind Rohmi
c. next to Rohmi
d. far from Rohmi
 The Terrifying Headmaster

Mr.Tucker is the headmaster of my school. He does not wear glasses. His eyes always frighten me
even when I refuse to face them. They are sharp, hard, and cold, and he uses them like a whip.
He always washes his hands in an enamel basin in the corner of the room. After he has washed
them, he will walk over to his desk and stand behind is looking at the pupils while he dries his hands on a small,
white towel. He dries each finger separetely, beginning with the first finger. His fingers are long and white. He
rubs them briskly without losing the effect of deliberation and as he rubs them, he looks at us with his eyes.
No one moves while he dries his hands, no one speaks. When he finishes, he will fold the towel
and put it in the desk drawer. Then, he will awkwardly smile at us.
He really terrifies me.

Adapted from: I Can Jump Puddles by Alan Marshall)

6. What is the purpose of the text?

a. to terrify the readers
b. to decribe the writer’s headmaster
c. to promote the writer’s headmaster career
d. to inform the readers about a terrifying school

7. Where does Mr. Tucker usually wash his hands?

a. corner of the room
b. in front of the room
c. beside of the room
d. behind of the room

8. “He dries each finger separately….” The underlined word has similar meaning to…
a. wash
b. fold
c. divide
d. corner

Doraemon is one of the characters in a Japanese manga series created by Fujiko Fujio. Doraemon is
a robotic cat. He has small body and white hands and feet. Although he can hear perfectly well, Doraemon has
no ears.
Doraemon possesses a large pocket that can produce many gadgets from the future. The pocket is
called yojigen-pocket, or fourth- dimensional pocket. Doraemon’s favorite food is dorayaki, a Japanese treat
filled with red bean paste.
This robotic cat has the tendency to panic during emergencies. In an emergency situation, he will
frantically pull out every unnecessary gadget from his pocket. Nevertheless, Doraemon is a good cat. He
always helps Nobita.

9. What does the text mainly talk about?

a. Doraemon
b. Fujiko Fujio
c. Robotic cats
d. Nobita

10. “… he will frantically pull out every unnecessary … “ (paragraph 3). The underline word can
be best replaced by …
a. Happily
b. Calmly
c. Worriedly
d. Diligently

11. What is the weakness of Doraemon?

 a. He has a magic pocket
b. He gets panic easily
c. He is only a robotic cat
d. He likes eating Dorayaki

My Unique Pets
I’m used to having pets at home because my family is pet lovers. I have kept two turtles since
February 2003. I put them all in one tank in my room.
The name of the male turtle is Donatello and the female one is called Rafael It is quite easy to keep
them. They can survive without food for about two months. However, they need a comfortable place to live.
They have to live with imported soil and plants, good water circulation and a piece of dry trunk in the
aquarium. Inadequate conditions can cause not only stess but also affect their growth. The worst thing is they
may even end in their death!
The weapon of an adult turtle lies in its edge of the shell. He will use this weapon when he is
disturbed while he is taking a nap.

12. Why is it dangerous to touch the edge of the turtle’s shell when he is having his nap?
a. because the turtle might infect you with a certain disease
b. because it is the location of a turtle’s weapon
c. because it can cause stress to the turtle
d. because it will kill the turtle

13. “Inadequate conditions can cause not only stress but also affect their growth.” (paragraph 2)
The underlined word can be best replaced by …
a. insufficient
b. indiscipline
c. ineffective
d. inedible

14. What is the purpose of the text above ?

a. To tell the readers that the writer’s family is pet lovers
b. To describe the writer’s turtles to the readers
c. To persuade the readers to keep turtles as a pet
d. To show the advantages of keeping turtles
 Ant is an insect. There are more than 12.000 species of ants all over the world. An
ant is a tiny insect but it can lift 20 times its own body weight.
There are three kinds of ants in a colony, the queen, the female workers and males.
The queen and the males have wings, while the female workers don’t have wings. The
queen is the only ant that can lay eggs. The male ants’ job is to mate with future queen ants
and they do not live long afterward. Once the queen grows to adulthood, she spends the
rest of her life laying eggs. A colony may have a queen or many queens depend on the
species.
Ant colony has soldiers that protect the queen, defend the colony, gather food, and
attack the enemy colonies. If they are able to defeat their enemy, they will take away their
eggs. When these eggs hatch, the next ants will become slaves.

Ant is an insect. There are more than 12.000 species of ants all over the world. An
ant is a tiny insect but it can lift 20 times its own body weight.
There are three kinds of ants in a colony, the queen, the female workers and males.
The queen and the males have wings, while the female workers don’t have wings. The
queen is the only ant that can lay eggs. The male ants’ job is to mate with future queen ants
and they do not live long afterward. Once the queen grows to adulthood, she spends the
rest of her life laying eggs. A colony may have a queen or many queens depend on the
species.
Ant colony has soldiers that protect the queen, defend the colony, gather food, and
attack the enemy colonies. If they are able to defeat their enemy, they will take away their
eggs. When these eggs hatch, the next ants will become slaves.

Ant is an insect. There are more than 12.000 species of ants all over the world. An
ant is a tiny insect but it can lift 20 times its own body weight.
There are three kinds of ants in a colony, the queen, the female workers and males.
The queen and the males have wings, while the female workers don’t have wings. The
queen is the only ant that can lay eggs. The male ants’ job is to mate with future queen ants
and they do not live long afterward. Once the queen grows to adulthood, she spends the
rest of her life laying eggs. A colony may have a queen or many queens depend on the
species.
Ant colony has soldiers that protect the queen, defend the colony, gather food, and
attack the enemy colonies. If they are able to defeat their enemy, they will take away their
eggs. When these eggs hatch, the next ants will become slaves.