PGDM 2009-2011
PROJECT REPORT
On
Submitted by
Section C
Group 2
Submitted on
25th March 2010
Business Research Methods Project
DECLARATION
We, Mukul Mathur, Nitin Sharma, Padam Nabham Suresham Tiwari, Parth Agnihotri and
Prashant Sharma, hereby declare that this report on “Customer Perception on Unit Linked
Insurance Policies in India” has been prepared under the guidance of Dr. Preshth Bharadwaj and
submitted as a project for the Business Research Methodology course at Institute of Management
Technology, Nagpur.
The report is authorized by and submitted to Dr. Preshth Bharadwaj, and it covers a detailed
analysis of customer perception on unit linked insurance policies in India.
For preparing this report, various springs of knowledge been approached (secondary sources
such as newspapers, journals and magazines, internet, etc.) and primary data collection methods
like online survey, and secondary data collection like telephonic interviews and online focus
group study has been applied and conducted amongst the selected sample group.
Mukul Mathur
Nitin Sharma
Padam Nabham Suresham Tiwari
Parth Agnihotri
Prashant Sharma
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
At the very inception, we are indebted to Dr. Preshth Bharadwaj for bequeathing the opportunity
to work on project on “Customer Perception on Unit Linked Insurance Policies in India”. This
has been a great learning experience and an opportunity to broaden our knowledge base and skill
sets.
We also express our gratitude to him for having stood by us as a pathfinder and for showing
confidence in us and of course encouraging us during the times, we felt defeated.
We are grateful to the untiring efforts put in by the Librarian of IMT for rendering us their
heartfelt services and cooperation and providing us with appropriate magazines / journals useful
for the topic, and the staff in the IT department who made the internet surfing possible.
Lastly, we would like to mention the cooperation and help received from our colleagues in
offering us the best of ideas and encouragement.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acknowledgement.......................................................................................................................................ii
List of Figures...............................................................................................................................................v
List of Tables................................................................................................................................................v
Introduction.................................................................................................................................................1
Research objectives.....................................................................................................................................1
History.........................................................................................................................................................2
Current status in india.................................................................................................................................2
What is “ULIP”?...........................................................................................................................................2
Working of ULIP...........................................................................................................................................2
Charges Under ULIP.....................................................................................................................................3
Policy administration charges..................................................................................................................3
Premium allocation charges....................................................................................................................3
Mortality charges....................................................................................................................................3
Fund management charges.....................................................................................................................3
Rider CHARGES........................................................................................................................................4
Switching charges....................................................................................................................................4
Top Up charges........................................................................................................................................4
Surrender charges...................................................................................................................................4
Types of ULIP...............................................................................................................................................4
Benefits of ULIP...........................................................................................................................................5
Relevance of the study................................................................................................................................6
Possible assumptions/ Hypotheses that can be tested through the proposed research.............................6
Targeted Group For Research Study............................................................................................................7
Research Methodology................................................................................................................................7
Secondary Data collection.....................................................................................................................10
Primary data collection..........................................................................................................................10
Data analysis..............................................................................................................................................11
Conclusion and summary..........................................................................................................................11
Recommendations.....................................................................................................................................11
Limitation of Study....................................................................................................................................11
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Figure Showing Advantages of ULIP..............................................................................5
LIST OF TABLES
INTRODUCTION
In last two decades, after liberalization in India, GDP (Appendix1) of India has seen noteworthy
surge indicating escalation in income level of common people. This amplified level has enthused
people to quest for diverse sources of investment options. ULIP has originated as a virtuous
option for venture beside with other choices like bonds, debentures, mutual funds etc. ULIP has
its benefits and downsides as any other possibility of investment bearing in mind which
individuals forms perception and make choice regarding investment.
This project targets at ascertaining perception of ULIPs consumers and potential market in India.
This project will try to walk around the awareness level amongst corporate folks and attempts to
examine the conjectural factors for investing decision selection midst masses.
RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
In direction to catch an answer to the study problem following research objective has been
recognized which will assist us in congregation of info which in turn will help us getting better
insight of the actual situation prevailing in mind of Indian clienteles:
HISTORY
Unit Linked Insurance Policies [ULIP] was first offered in the United States in 1976, [after being
developed and sold successfully in The Netherlands, England, and Canada] in the name of
Variable Life Insurance. Fundamentally it was a type of whole life insurance whose values may
vary directly with the performance of a set of earmarked investments.
WHAT IS “ULIP”?
ULIPs are a category of goal-based financial solutions that combine the safety of insurance
protection with wealth creation opportunities. In ULIPs, a part of the investment goes towards
providing your life cover. The residual portion of the ULIP is invested in a fund which in turn
invests in stocks or bonds; the value of investments alters with the performance of the underlying
fund opted by an individual. The main benefit of ULIP is transparency.
WORKING OF ULIP
When an individual decides the amount of premium to be paid and the amount of life cover he
wants from the ULIP, the insurer deducts some portion of the ULIP premium upfront. This
portion is known as the Premium Allocation charge, and varies from product to product. The rest
of the premium is invested in the fund or mixture of funds depending upon the company
portfolio and fund plan chosen by the individual.
The fund of an individual is invested – either in equity or debt or a combination of the two – in
various ratios. The fund value will reflect the performance of the underlying asset classes. At the
time of maturity of the plan, the individual is entitled to receive the fund value as at the time of
maturity.
Following is the extensive classification of charges levied by the insurance corporations in India:
PREMIUM ALLOCATION CHARGES These charges are deducted upfront from the
premium paid by the client. These charges account for the initial expenses incurred by the
company in issuing the policy- eg. Cost of underwriting, medicals & expenses related to
distributor fees. After these charges are deducted the money gets invested in the chosen fund.
MORTALITY CHARGES Mortality expenses are charged by life insurance companies for
providing a life cover to the individual. The expenses vary with the age and either the sum
assured or the sum-at-risk which is the difference between sum assured and fund value of the
insurance policy of an individual. Mortality charges are deducted on a monthly basis.
RIDER CHARGES Insurance companies levy rider charges in case you opt for riders
(Appendix 2).
TOP UP CHARGES Insurance companies deduct a certain percentage from the top-up
amount as charges. These charges are usually lower than the regular charges that are deducted
from the annual premium.
SURRENDER CHARGES Surrender charge may be deducted for premature partial or full
encashment of units wherever applicable, as mentioned in the policy conditions. These charges
are levied as a percentage of the fund value or as a percentage of the premium.
One can gain knowledge about these charges through Sales benefit illustration (Appendix 2),
brochure and advisor.
TYPES OF ULIP
Depending upon the purport of investment of the populaces, ULIP can be broadly assorted as
follows:
Retirement
Wealth
Children Education
Health
Child's education ULIP ensures that one’s child’s education continues unhampered even if
something unfortunate happens to the individual.
Under Health ULIPs and Retirement pension ULIP tax benefits are also provided on premium
under section 80D and 80CCC respectively in India.
On the basis of the nature of return the ULIPs can be classified as:
Type I ULIP (On death you get: Higher of sum assured OR fund value)
Type II ULIP (On death you get : Sum assured PLUS fund value)
BENEFITS OF ULIP
ULIPs come with embedded characteristic of transparency, liquidity, flexibility, tax benefits and
goal based savings.
Transparency
The charge structure, value of investment and expected IRR based on 6% and 10% rate of
returns, for the complete tenure of the policy are shared with you before you buy a product.
Similarly, the annual account statement, quarterly investment portfolio and daily NAV reporting,
ensures that you are aware of the status of your investment portfolio at all times. Most companies
publish latest NAVs on their respective websites.
Liquidity
To cope with unforeseen circumstances, ULIPs offer the benefit of partial withdrawal; wherein
after 3 years you can withdraw funds from our Unit Linked account, retaining only the stipulated
minimum amount.
Disciplined and regular savings ULIPs help you inculcate a regular saving habit. Also, the
average unit costs tend to be lower than one time investment.
Multiple benefits bundled in one product ULIP is an outstanding solution for risk cover, long
term investments with the benefit of various investment opportunities, coupled with tax benefits.
Disciplined risk mitigation approach ULIPS are ideal for those investors who wish to avail the
benefit of market linked growth without actually participating in the stock market, with the
added benefit of risk-cover.
The bank - can provide a customer bank with standing instructions (auto-pay) to debit
your account as and when the insurance premium becomes payable, or use phone-
banking facilities
Authorized service providers - such as BillJunction.com or BillDesk.com
This study can contribute in finding what services and amenities are relevant in eyes of Indian
consumer and what is not. This study can substantiate as a countless advantage in development
of further ULIP by providing valuable input regarding the Indian consumer thinking.
From the study we can evaluate demographics of people going for ULIP and their perception on
the subject of the ULIP. More over following hypothesis can be drawn and verified.
People who are pleased with the current policies are likely to purchase the ULIP in near
future.
People generally acquire ULIP for Tax benefits.
People who has info about the charges and payment modes and other services and rules and
regulations are more satisfied with the current plans.
Our target group for the study is people with age group of 20-40, presently working in Cooperate
sector in India. The targeted group has been chosen considering 3 reasons in mind. First and
foremost these are the ones who majorly think of investment for long term benefit as it is
inception of their professional career. Secondly, they are ready to take more risk as compared to
other group. Lastly, they are believed to have not only sufficient information about the numerous
investment options plus mainly approached by the various investment agencies agents.
Within this targeted group, we are primarily focused upon person living in metro and majors
cities of India where private and public sector are equally dominant.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Majority of the above mentioned identified objectives can be analyzed by using descriptive
research methods that through by building up questionnaires and surveys. We have gathered data
implementing Single cross-sectional design.
Following is the outline which we planned at early stages for accumulation of data for research
analysis at further stages of project.
services are identified the question can posed to customers to rate the quality of various services
in the questionnaire designed for survey.
Measurement/ scale- Nominal scale. Non comparative. Itemized scale.
Research method - What services a customer looking for can be figured out again by conducting
IDIs and later on putting the recognized option in the questionnaire for further validating those
points.
Measurement/ Scaling- Preference ranking can be used to find types of services they need.
Continuous rating scale can be used.
Research method – Information regarding the various charges augment in ULIP can be elicit
from the secondary sources and to judge the knowledge of customer question can be added in the
questionnaire.
Measurement/ Scaling- Preference ranking scale can be proved as a good tool for judging
whether they knew about the charges or not and further they can be asked to continuously rank
the various charges they know about. Continuous rating scale can be used.
Research method – what is the attitude towards charging policies of ULIP can be known by
asking question regarding this, and this can be done by IDI of customers as well as policy sellers.
After this we can also know about the attitude of policy sellers by adding questions in
questionnaire to be filled by customers to understand it in better way.
Measurement/ Scaling- Continuous ratings scale can be implemented to identify the satisfaction
level of customers by the attitudes of policy sellers.
Research method – For generating the options for finding answer to why we can again go for
IDIs. We can introduce question regarding timing of new plans purchasing plus one question for
getting views of customers on IDI generated and one question for probable investment amount.
Measurement/ Scaling- for fetching information on tenure, likely amount and validating reasons
Preference ranking (interval scale) as well as continuous rating scale can be implemented.
Ordinal scale will be used.
Initially, for generating relevant questions, for the IDI (appendix 2) and FGD (appendix 2) and
gaining insight about the ULIP we have done a small study on ULIP on internet. Further for
generating options for the questionnaire we utilized Google talk for online focus group
discussion and telephonic services for IDI.
On the basis of valuable customers input, gathered during the secondary data collection period,
we generated a questionnaire (appendix 3) through brainstorming process for online survey.
Further, we have hosted the online survey on Google survey with the purport of capturing
primary data for research study and moreover authenticating, the analysis and data captured
during the secondary data collection period.
We have implemented snowballing sampling method as the desired information is little bit
confidential and sensitive in nature and other sampling method won’t serve the purpose for the
study. We received around 20-30 responses for the data analysis determination.
DATA ANALYSIS
RECOMMENDATIONS
LIMITATION OF STUDY
This study has been piloted on a much focused group, so can’t be generalized for the entire
country contemporary situation. This study envisages behavior for the considered targeted group
individuals but the outcomes of study can vary when more groups are encompassed in the study.
Moreover, the sample size has been miniscule to predict anything.
APPENDIX 1
APPENDIX 2
List of Jargon Used as follows
RIDERS
Riders are additional or supplementary benefits that are bought along with a main life insurance
plan. Some of the commonly offered riders are critical illness benefit rider, accident & disability
benefit rider, waiver of premium rider etc. For example, in case you opt for a Critical illness rider
you get additional protection from 9 critical illnesses.
SWITCHING FUNDS
ULIPs not only allow you to invest your money in fund options with various debts – equity
exposure but also give you the option to switch between different funds. For example, you can
switch money from a fund with 100% equity to a balanced portfolio, which has 60 per
cent equity and 40 per cent debt.
TOP UP
It is additional investment over & above the regular premium by an individual.
IRDA
The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority (IRDA) is a national agency of the
Government of India, based in Hyderabad. It was formed by an act of Indian Parliament known
as IRDA Act 1999, which was amended in 2002 to incorporate some emerging requirements.
Mission of IRDA as stated in the act is "to protect the interests of the policyholders, to regulate,
promote and ensure orderly growth of the insurance industry and for matters connected therewith
or incidental thereto."
SPSS
SPSS (originally, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) was released in its first version in
1968 after being developed by Norman H. Nie and C. Hadlai Hull. SPSS is a computer program
used for statistical analysis. It is used by market researchers, health researchers, survey
companies, government, education researchers, marketing organizations and others. It contains
measures for descriptive and bivariate statistics, prediction for numerical outcomes, prediction
for identifying groups and various other operations.
IDI
IDI stands for In Depth Interview. An in-depth interview is an open-ended, discovery-oriented
method that is well suited for describing both program processes and outcomes from the
perspective of the target audience or key stakeholder.
FGD
FGD stands for Focused Group Discussion. A focus group is a form of qualitative research in
which a group of people are asked about their perceptions, opinions, beliefs and attitudes towards
a product, service, concept, advertisement, idea, or packaging.[1] Questions are asked in an
interactive group setting where participants are free to talk with other group members.
GDP
Gross domestic product (GDP) or gross domestic income (GDI) is a basic measure of a country's
overall economic output. It is the market value of all final goods and services made within the
borders of a country in a year. It is often positively correlated with the standard of living, though
its use as a stand-in for measuring the standard of living has come under increasing criticism and
many countries are actively exploring alternative measures to GDP for that purpose.
APPENDIX 3
Following is the Questionnaire used for collecting the Primary data for Project analysis. The survey has
been conducted online and hosted on the Google survey.
QUESTIONNAIRE
a) Yes
b) No
2) For how many years are you investing in ULIP (please choose one)
3) What are your perception regarding the ULIP (please choose one)
4) Please tick the purpose with which you might/you have selected ULIP as investment
option (multiple options can be selected).
5) Please rate the factors according to your choice (1to 5) which you have/ might consider
while choosing the ULIP as investment option. (1 – lowest ,5 –highest)
a) Transparency of processes.
b) Liquidity of funds.
c) Flexibility of fund switching.
d) Tax benefits from investment.
e) Low risk in comparison to mutual fund.
f) Returned earned.
g) Performance of past schemes.
h) Rating of ULIP by agencies.
i) Recommendations of friends and relatives.
j) Company brand value.
k) Recommendation of agents.
l) Others _______________________________________________________________
6) Please rate the knowledge level with respect to ULIP services provided by Insurance
companies in India.
7) Please mark the what types of ULIPs you are aware of (multiple options can be selected)
a) Type I
b) Type II
c) Single premium
d) Regular premium plan
e) Guarantee plans
f) Non guarantee plans
g) Life Stage based
h) Non-life Stage based
8) Please tick against the type of charges charged by companies associated with the ULIP
that you are aware of (multiple options can be selected)
If Q1 answer is no, please ignore Q9, Q10, Q11, Q12 and Q13 and continue with Q14
9) Please rate the frequency of premium payment (1 – 5) of currently available ULIP which
suits you. (1 – lowest ,5 –highest)
a) One time
b) Monthly
c) Quarterly
d) Half yearly
e) Yearly
f) Once in 2 year
g) Once in 3 year
h) More than 3 year
10) Please rate the mode of payment (1 – 5) according to your use (1 – lowest ,5 –highest)
a) Insurance offices.
b) Credit card.
c) Net banking.
d) Cheques deposits.
e) Office collection.
f) Banks.
g) Auto pay facility.
h) Authorized agents.
i) Authorized internet sites.
11) Please rate your satisfaction level with the current ULIP
12) Please rate your satisfaction level with the ULIP plans based on following services
provided by the insurance companies.(alerts and updates are through SMS, email and
phone calls)
13) Please rate the reasons for satisfaction/dissatisfaction (1-5) with ULIP (1 – very
unsatisfactory, 5- very satisfactory )
a) Rate of return.
b) Flexibility of fund switching.
c) Proper guidance for management of funds.
d) Various modes for payments of premium.
e) Customer service.
f) Transparency in various processes.
14) Please rate the following services (1 - 5) which you would like to see in future ULIPs(1 –
lowest ,5 –highest)
15) Please mark the probable time period in future when you would like to go for the ULIP as
investment option (please choose one).
a) Not decided.
b) Within 1 month.
c) 1 - 6 months.
d) 6 - 12 months.
e) 12 - 18 months.
f) More than 18 months.
g) Won’t invest in future.
If (a) or (g) is chosen, Please ignore Q16 and Q17, proceed with Q18.
16) Please mark the tenure (in years) for which you would like to invest in ULIPs.
a) 3
b) 3 - 6
c) 6 - 9.
d) 9 - 12
e) 12 - 15
f) 15 – 20
17) Please mark the probable amount you would like to investment in ULIP in coming future
(all figures are in INR and annually) (Please choose one)
a) Male
b) Female
_______________________________________________________________________
CODING OF QUESTIONNAIRE
BIBLIOGRAPHY
All the relevant information has been gathered from following sources
http://www.wikipedia.org/
http://www.apnaloan.com/
http://www.moneycontrol.com/