UNIT TITLE ACIDITY

Collins Science Key stage 3 Students Book 2 Lesson 4.2 Exploring acids

Part I: Choose the term or phrase that best completes each statement or best answers each
question.
1.Which element do most acids contain?
Hydrogen Nitrogen hydroxide Chlorine
2. What taste do all acids have in common?
Sour Sweet Bitter Hot
3. Which acid do citrus fruits such as lemons and oranges contain?
Tannic acid citric acid carbonic acid Acetic acid
4. Which acid does our stomach contain?
Sulphuric acid Nitric acid Hydrochloricacid Sulphuric acid
5. Which do we call acids that have water added to them?
Strong acids Dilute acids Weak acids Concentrated acids
6. Dilute hydrochloric acid is _______
corrosive irritant inflammable Safe to eat or drink
7. Concentrated sulphuric acid is _______
corrosive irritant inflammable Safe to eat or drink
Part II: Answer the following questions:
1. What are acids?
____________________________________________________________________________
2. A sour-tasting substance is found to contain the elements oxygen, sulfur and hydrogen.
Suggest whether or not this is an acid and explain your reasoning.
____________________________________________________________________________
3. Why are acids found in food or drinks safe to eat and drink?
___________________________________________________________________________
4. Explain why is it better to use images on hazard labels, rather than words.
____________________________________________________________________________
5. Describe the precautions that you should take when working with an acid that displays the
hazard symbol.
___________________________________________________________________________
6. Suggest why you usually use dilute acids in school practical experiments, rather than
concentrated acids.
___________________________________________________________________________
7. Explain why concentrated acids are more dangerous than dilute acids
__________________________________________________________________________
Part III: Match up the symbols with its names and its meaning:
Hazard Symbol Meaning Description

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Part IV: Match the things you eat and drink to the acids they contain:
1. Citrus fruits like Acetic acid
Oranges and lemons

2. Vinegar Tannic acid

3. Fizzy Drinks Citric acid

4. Tea Carbonic acid

Part V: Complete the table:

ACIDS Chemical Formula Elements they contain. Two Uses

Sulphuric acid

Nitric acid

Hydrochloric acid

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 UNIT TITLE ACIDITY

Collins Science Key stage 3 Students Book 2 Lesson 4.3 Exploring Alkalies

Part I: Choose the term or phrase that best completes each statement or best answers each
question.
1.Which particles do most alkalies contain?
Hydroxide Chloride Sulphate Nitrate
2.Which of these is an example of alkali?
Fruit juice vinegar nitric acid bleach
3. Which of these alkalies is found in stale urine?
Magnesium hydroxide Sodium hydroxide
Calcium hydroxide Ammonium hydroxide

Part II: Answer the following questions:

1. Name some alkaline cleaning products.
_____________________________________________________________________________
2. Name two alkalis that are safe to put in your mouth and two that are not.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
3. Name two products containing alkalies that are corrosive.
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. Bleach often has ‘irritant’ written in braille on the bottle. Suggest why this is important.
_____________________________________________________________________________
5. Bleach contains sodium hydroxide and another chemical, sodium hypochlorite. Bleach is
dangerous, but caustic soda is even more dangerous. Suggest why.
_____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Part V: Complete the table:
COMMON NAME ALKALIES Chemical Elements they ONE Use
Formula contain.
Baking powder

Caustic Soda

Milk of Magnesia

Slaked Lime

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Part IV: Match the things you use to the alkalies they contain:

1. Drain cleaner Magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH)2

2. Milk of Magnesia Sodium hydroxide or NaOH

3. Oven Cleaner Sodium bicarbonate(NaHCO3)

4. Baking Soda Sodium hydroxide or NaOH

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 UNIT TITLE ACIDITY

Collins Science Key stage 3 Students Book 2 Lesson 4.4 Indicators

Part I: Answer the following questions:

1. What is indicator?
_____________________________________________________________________________
2. Describe the colour changes of litmus solution in an acid and an alkali.
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
3. Describe three uses of indicators.
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________

4. Which is the most useful indicator?

Plant used to make indicator Colour of indicator Colour in acid Colour in alkali

Red cabbage purple red green

Beetroot red red purple

cherries red red blue

a. An indicator made from red cabbage turned green in an unknown liquid. Explain what this tells us.
_________________________________________________________________________

b. An indicator made from beetroot stayed red when added to another unknown liquid. Does this mean
that the unknown liquid is an acid?
_________________________________________________________________________

c. Compare the results given by each of the indicators. Suggest which is the most useful indicator.
__________________________________________________________________________

d. Why? _____________________________________________________________

Part II: Complete the table of indicators in different solutions:

SOLUTION ACID ALKALI NEUTRAL

BLUE LITMUS

RED LITMUS

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 UNIT TITLE ACIDITY

Collins Science Key stage 3 Students Book 2 Lesson 4.5 Universal Indicator

Part I: Choose the term or phrase that best completes each statement or best answers each
question.
1. What is the pH of a neutral solution?
3 14 7 10
2. Which solution is the most alkaline?
Apple juice, pH = 3 Hand soap solution, pH = 10
Pure water, pH = 7 Drain cleaner solution, pH = 14
3. A solution has a pH of 4, what does this mean?
It is acidic. It is neutral.
It is alkaline. It is a gas.
4. A substance with a pH of 13 is..
neutral. weakly alkaline
strongly acidic strongly basic
5. Which solution is the most acidic?
A solution with pH = 10 A solution with pH = 3
A solution with pH = 6 A solution with pH = 1
Part II: Answer the following questions:
1. Give an example of a:
a) strong acid ___________
b) weak acid__________
c) strong alkali ________
d) weak alkali_______
2. Why is dilute sulphuric acid used in a school lab harmful but concentrated orange juice is not?
______________________________________________________________________________

3. What is a universal indicator?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

4. Explain the advantages of using universal indicator over litmus.

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
5. Universal indicator is added to a liquid and it changes to yellow. State the pH of the liquid.
______________________________________________________________________________
6. Describe what happens to the strength of an acid as the pH number decreases.
_____________________________________________________________________________
7. Describe what happens to the strength of an alkali as the pH number increases.
______________________________________________________________________________

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Part III: Match each of these pH numbers with the correct statement:
1. pH 6 strong acid
2. pH 1 strong alkali
3. pH14 weak acid
4. pH8 weak alkali
Part IV: Complete the table of indicators in different solutions:

SOLUTION ACID ALKALI NEUTRAL

UNIVERSAL INDICATOR

Part V: Answer the questions from the image below:

a. Which are more acidic, tomatoes or grapes? --------------------

b. Which is more alkaline soap or oven cleaner? ------------------
c. What is the pH of stomach acid? -------------------
d. Egg is acidic or alkaline? -------------------------
e. Milk is acidic or alkaline? ---------------------

Part VI: A chemical is described as being ‘soapy’. When tested with an indicator it is shown to
have a pH of 9.What type of chemical is this.
___________________________________________________________________________
Explain your answer.
____________________________________________________________

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 UNIT TITLE ACIDITY

Collins Science Key stage 3 Students Book 2 Lesson 4.6 Exploring neutralisation

Part I: Choose the term or phrase that best completes each statement or best answers each
question.
1. What is the reaction between an acid and an alkali called?
Combustion neutralisation
Burning Oxidation
2. What is the technique to mix acids and alkalies precisely?
measurement titration
Burning Oxidation
Part II: Answer the following questions:
1. Describe what is meant by ‘neutralisation’.
______________________________________________________________________________
2. Describe what happens to the pH of an acidic solution as an alkali is added. Explain your
answer.
_____________________________________________________________________________
3. Describe what would happen to the pH of an alkaline solution if an acid were added.
_____________________________________________________________________________
Part III: Summarise some applications of neutralisation in a table.
Situation Neutralised by
Heartburn caused by Stomach acid
Acid made by bacteria in the mouth
Bee stings (acidic)
Wasp stings(alkaline)
Nettle sting(acidic)
Alkaline liquid waste by industries

Part III: Look at the titration picture.

1. What is titration?

___________________________________________________________________________

2. Describe the colour changes that would be seen in the conical flask as the solution
changed from a strong alkali to neutral.

________________________________________________________________________

2. Suggest what would be seen if more acid was added after the neutral point was reached.
Explain your answer.

_____________________________________________________

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 UNIT TITLE ACIDITY

Collins Science Key stage 3 Students Book 2 Lesson 4.7 Explaining Neutralisation

Part I: Choose the term or phrase that best completes each statement or best answers each
question.
1. Name the product of the neutralisation reaction which is always the same.
Hydrogen salt
Water Carbon dioxide
2. Name the product of the neutralisation reaction which depends on the acid and alkali used.
Hydrogen Salt
Water Carbon dioxide
3. What is the word equation for the reaction between an acid and an alkali?
Acid + Alkali → salt + water Acid + Alkali → salt + water +Hydrogen
Acid + Alkali → water Acid + Alkali → salt

Part II: Answer the following questions:

1. What is a neutralisation reaction?
______________________________________________________________________________
2. Write the general equation of a neutralisation reaction.
______________________________________________________________________________
3. a. Describe what combines from each of the acid and the alkali to
form water.
___________________________________________________
b. Suggest the pH of pure water.
_________________________________________

5. Describe the two new products that are formed when hydrochloric
acid is mixed with sodium hydroxide

_______________________________________________

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 UNIT TITLE ACIDITY

Collins Science Key stage 3 Students Book 2 Lesson 4.8 Understanding salts

Part I: Choose the term or phrase that best completes each statement or best answers each
question.
1. Which salt is formed when hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide react?
Hydrogen Sodium chloride
Sodium sulphate Chlorine
2. Which salt is formed when hydrochloric acid and magnesium hydroxide react?
Hydrogen Magnesium sulphate
Magnesium chloride Carbondioxide
Part II: Answer the following questions:
1. Suggest what the first part of the name of the salt will be if the alkali used is calcium
hydroxide._____________________________________________________________________
2. Write an equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and magnesium hydroxide.
__________________________________________________________________________
3. Explain the difference between a base and an alkali.
__________________________________________________________________________
4. Explain why copper oxide is a base, whereas sodium hydroxide is also an alkali.
__________________________________________________________________________
Part III: Complete the table of acids and their salts:

Acid used in neutralization Forms salts that ends in ….

Hydrochloric acid

Suphuric acid

Nitric acid

Part IV: Complete the table:

COMMON NAME Chemical Chemical USE
Formula name
Table salt

Cement

Plaster of paris

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 UNIT TITLE ACIDITY

Exploring the action of acids

Collins Science Key stage 3 Students Book 2 Lesson 4.10
with carbonates

Part I: Choose the term or phrase that best completes each statement or best answers each
question.
1. Which salt is formed when nitric acid and copper carbonate react?
Hydrogen Copper nitrate
Copper sulphate Copper chloride
2. Which salt is formed when hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate react?
Hydrogen MagnesiumChloride
Calcium chloride Carbondioxide
3. Which gas is formed when sulphuric acid and coppper carbonate react?
Hydrogen MagnesiumChloride
Calcium chloride Carbondioxide
4. Which of thee contain a lot of calcium carbonate?
Egg shells lemon
Baking powder yeast
5. Some students add drops of an acid onto arock sample. They observe bubbles. What is the gas
iven off?
Hydrogen Oxygen
Carbon dioxide Chlorine
6. What is the word equation for the reaction between an acid and carbonate?
Acid + metal carbonate → salt + water Acid + metal carbonate → salt + water + carbon dioxide
Acid + metal carbonate → carbon dioxide Acid + metal carbonate → salt + water + Hydrogen
Part II: Answer the following questions:
1. Name the most common metal carbonate found in rocks.
________________________________________________
2. Explain why some rocks fizz when some acid is added to them.
________________________________________________
3. Describe how you can prove that the gas made when acids and metal carbonates react is
carbon dioxide.
______________________________________________________________________
4. Write an equation for the reaction between hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate.
_____________________________________________________________________
5. Write an equation for the reaction between sulfuric acid and copper carbonate.
_____________________________________________________________________
6. a. Suggest how the reaction would change if you used powdered calcium carbonate, rather
than a lump of rock.
_____________________________________________________________________
b. Explain your answer.
______________________________________________________
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