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KBC 2009 Example 002


P-M INTERACTION CHECK FOR COMPRESSION-CONTROLLED RECTANGULAR COLUMN

EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION
The Demand/Capacity ratio for a given axial loading and moment is tested in this
example.

In this example, a reinforced concrete column is subjected factored axial load Pu


= 1879 kN and moment Mu = 470 kN-m. This column is reinforced with 5 T25
bars. The design capacity ratio is checked by hand calculations and computed
result is compared. The column is designed as a short, non-sway member.

GEOMETRY, PROPERTIES AND LOADING


1879 kN

My= 470 kN-m


550mm

A A 60 mm 350mm
3m

Section A-A

Material Properties Section Properties Design Properties

Ec = 25x106 kN/m2 b = 350 m fck = 30 MPa


ν = 0.2 d = 490 mm fy = 460 MPa
G = 10416666.7kN/m2

TECHNICAL FEATURES TESTED


 Tied Reinforced Concrete Column Design

KBC 2009 Example 002 - 1


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RESULTS COMPARISON
Independent results are hand calculated and compared.

Percent
Output Parameter ETABS Independent Difference

Column Demand/Capacity Ratio 1.003 1.00 0.30%

COMPUTER FILE: KBC 2009 Ex002

CONCLUSION
The computed results show an acceptable comparison with the independent
results.

KBC 2009 Example 002 - 2


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HAND CALCULATION

COLUMN STRENGTH UNDER COMPRESSION CONTROL

fck = 30 MPa fy = 460 MPa


b = 350 mm d = 490 mm

1) Because e = 250 mm < (2/3)d = 327 mm, assume compression failure. This assumption will
be checked later. Calculate the distance to the neutral axis fro a balanced condition, cb:

Position of neutral axis at balance condition:

0.003 0.003
cmax = d= ( 490 ) = 183.75 mm
0.003 + 0.005 0.003 + 0.005

2) From the equation of equilibrium:

Pu = Cc + Cs − T
where
Cc = 0.85 f ck ab = 0.85 • 30 • 350a = 8925a
( )
Cs = As' f y - 0.85 f ck = 2500 ( 460 - 0.85 • 30 ) = 1, 086, 250 N
Assume compression steels yields, (this assumption will be checked later).
T = As f s = 2500 f s ( f s < f y )
Pu = 8,925a +1, 086, 250 - 2500 f s (Eqn. 1)

3) Taking moments about As:

1  a 
Pu = '  c
e   2
(
C d -  + Cs d - d '  )

The plastic centroid is at the center of the section and d " = 215 mm
e' = e + d " = 250 + 215 = 465 mm
1   a 
Pu = 8,925a  490 -  + 1, 086, 250 ( 490 - 60 ) 
465   2 
2
Pu = 9, 404.8a - 9.6a +1, 004, 489.2 (Eqn. 2)

KBC 2009 Example 002 - 3


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4) Assume c = 335 mm, which exceed cmax (183.75 mm).

=
β1 0.85 −.007(30 − 28)
= 0.836 for =
f ck 30MPa,
a = 0.836 • 335 = 280 mm

Substitute in Eqn. 2:
Pu = 9, 404.8 • 280 - 9.6 ( 280 ) +1, 004, 489.2 = 2,885,193.2 N
2

5) Calculate fs from the strain diagram when c = 335 mm.

 490 - 335 
fs =   600 = 277.8 MPa
 335 
εs = εt = f s Es = 0.00138

6) Substitute a = 280 mm and fs = 277.7 MPa in Eqn. 1 to calculate Pu2 :


Pu2 = 8,925 ( 280 ) +1, 086, 250 - 2500 ( 277.8 ) = 2,890, 750 N
Which is very close to the calculated Pu1 of 2,885,193.2 (less than 1% difference)
 250 
M u = Pu e = 2890   = 722.5 kN-m
 1000 

7) Check if compression steels yield. From strain diagram,


 335 - 60 
ε s' =   ( 0.003) = 0.00263 > ε y = 0.0023
 335 
Compression steels yields, as assumed.

8) Therefore, section capacity is

Pu = 0.65 • 2890 = 21879 kN


M u = 0.65 • 722.5 = 470 kN-m

KBC 2009 Example 002 - 4

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