Aleukemic Leukemia

Presentation
 We present 3 cases of ALC in pediatric patients.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
 A 20 year old man had presented with nodular swelling on the scalp of 6 months
duration along with cervical lymphadenopathy. Biopsy and immunohistochemistry revealed
myeloid sarcoma.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
 We present this case to illustrate how leukemia cutis can masquerade as a clinically
benign-appearing cutaneous eruption without leukemic changes in blood or bone marrow.
[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
 Abstract We describe aleukemic leukemia cutis (ALC) in a 50-year-old woman
who presented with numerous skin nodular lesions and lack of peripheral blood and bone
marrow involvement until late in the evolution of her disease.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
 An 8-year-old boy presented with a widespread cutaneous eruption featuring macules,
papules, nodules, and ulcers.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Immune System
 On admission, clinical appearance was normal except for a palpable spleen. Abdominal
ultrasound described an enlarged spleen of 172/60 mm with a 90 cm 2 surface.
[dovepress.com]

Workup

 Hence skin biopsy may be helpful in detecting the leukemia and facilitate
further workup especially in cases of aleukemic leukemia, as was seen in our case.
[bioline.org.br]
 In 8 patients we established the diagnosis solely based on the peripheral smear, as after
the year 2000, we subjected all children presenting with proptosis to a peripheral blood
smear as part of the routine workup.[jhoonline.biomedcentral.com]

Treatment
 This report describes a 6-month-old boy with aleukemic leukemia cutis, which regressed
without any treatments within 6 months.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
 He was initially diagnosed with metabolic bone disease, and the hypercalcemia
responded to treatment with intravenous hydration and bisphosphonates. However, the intact
parathormone level was normal. He had no lymphadenopathy or organomegaly.
[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
 There are no curative therapeutic modalities, and it is fairly well accepted that
the treatment of choice is immunosuppression.[dovepress.com]
 Treatment Options Table I . Therapeutic Ladder for the Treatment of Leukemia Cutis
Table 1.[dermatologyadvisor.com]
Prognosis
 This condition is associated with a very poor prognosis and is often difficult to diagnose.
We report a case of a 33 years old female with leukemia cutis preceding the onset of acute
monocytic leukemia by four months.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
 Diagnostic difficulties, the importance of immunohistochemical markers, and
the prognosis and therapy of aleukemic leukemia cutis are discussed.[ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
 There is no clear evidence between the effects of skin infiltration on
leukaemia prognosis. However ALC is usually associated with a very poor prognosis in
leukaemic patients [ 3 , 5 ].[edoj.org.eg]
 Prognosis - Aleukemic leukemia cutis Not supplied. Treatment - Aleukemic leukemia
cutis Not supplied. Resources - Aleukemic leukemia cutis[checkorphan.org]
 ALC is often difficult to diagnose and is associated with a dismal prognosis. A 63-year-
old male presented with nodular swellings on the face, a plaque extending over the right
shoulder and multiple enlarged cervical lymph nodes.[ingentaconnect.com]

Etiology
 Etiology Genetic and chromosomal aberrations, such as are found in other leukemias, are
characteristic.[medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]
 (Of course, with the revival of the virus theory in the etiology of cancer, it may be both
infectious and malignant in nature.) "Is the type cell of lymphoid or reticuloendothelial
origin?" FULL TEXT[annals.org]
 Etiology of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia The Causes of Acute Lymphoblastic
Leukemia The etiology of ALL is idiopathic in most of the cases, but the familial and
hereditary linkage cannot be ruled out, as higher incidence is seen with some congenital
disorders[lecturio.com]
 The etiology of the clinical condition with cardiorespiratory failure, pancytopenia, and
disseminated intravascular coagulopathy together with skin hemorrhages and
hepatosplenomegaly was at first elusive.[molcellped.springeropen.com]

Epidemiology
 (This is an excellent recent review of the clinical manifestations, epidemiology, and
histopathology. It discusses and compares the histopathology and immunophenotypes of
several types of LC. There are several clinical and histologic photographs.)
[dermatologyadvisor.com]
 -CM Codes (U.S. only) C92.9 Myeloid leukemia, unspecified (effective October 01,
2015) C93.9 Monocytic leukemia, unspecified (effective October 01, 2015) C93.Z Other
monocytic leukemia (effective October 01, 2015) Progression and Transformation
None Epidemiology[seer.cancer.gov]
 Epidemiology of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia as the
Most Common Cancer in Children Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is the most common
childhood cancer , accounting for 26 % of all cancers in children younger than 14 years.
[lecturio.com]
 6) Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, University
Children’s Hospital, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, 40225
Duesseldorf, Germany References Puumala SE, Ross JA, Aplenc R, Spector LG
(2013) Epidemiology[molcellped.springeropen.com]
Sex distribution
Age distribution

Pathophysiology
 This edition is organized by symptoms and signs that may be individually different even
in the same disease and must be analyzed and understood on a pathophysiological basis
within the framework of the individual personality.[books.google.de]
 […] initiation in most of the cases. 9 Immunosuppressive therapies are usually used in
this context, including methotrexate, cyclophosphamide, and cyclosporine. 10 With the
advent of potential new therapeutic options, a recent surge in the interest for
the pathophysiology[dovepress.com]
 The pathophysiology of these diseases is undoubtedly reflected in the cytogenetic and
molecular abnormalities that are present at diagnosis.[cancertherapyadvisor.com]
 Pathophysiology All types of leukemia result from the abnormal development of
leukocytes in the bone marrow.[emedicine.medscape.com]

Prevention
 Rapidly find the answers you need with separate sections on diseases and disorders,
differential diagnosis, clinical algorithms, laboratory results, and
clinical preventive services, plus an at-a-glance format that uses cross-references, outlines,
bullets[books.google.de]
 Prevention - Aleukemic leukemia cutis Not supplied. Diagnosis - Aleukemic leukemia
cutis Not supplied. Prognosis - Aleukemic leukemia cutis Not supplied. Treatment -
Aleukemic leukemia cutis Not supplied. Resources - Aleukemic leukemia
cutis[checkorphan.org]
 Related Journals of Aleukemic Leukemia Journal of Leukemia , Cancer Surgery,
Advances in Cancer Prevention, Chemotherapy: Open Access, Blood & Lymph, Leukemia
Research, Annals of Oncology, Cancer Letters, Critical Reviews in Oncology Hematology,
Cancer[omicsonline.org]
 In both childhood and adult ALL, allopurinol and hydration precede induction
chemotherapy to prevent hyperuricemia caused by tumor lysis.[medical-
dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]