Functions
ᵹ Olfaction (smelling)
ᵹ Respiration
ᵹ Filtration of dust
ᵹ Humidification of inspired air
ᵹ Reception and elimination of secretions form the paranasal sinuses and nasolacrimal ducts.
Pyramid shape:
* Apex nasi / tip
* Bridge / radix / pangkal
* Nares anterior
* Alae nasi
Muscle / Otot
1. M. Procerus
2. M. Levator labii superioris alaque nasi
3. M. Nasalis pars transversa
4. M. Nasalis pars alaris
Tujuan : alae nasi menjadi lebih besar pada pernafasan cuping hidung ventilasi menjadi lancar
A. Roof / Superior
ᴥ Is curved and narrow, except at its posterior end
ᴥ It is divided 3 parts (frontonasal, ethmoidal, and sphenoidal)
B. Floor / Inferior
Ȣ Wider than the roof
Ȣ Formed by the palatine processes of the maxilla and the horizontal plates of the palatine bone
C. Medial Wall
Formed by the nasal septum
D. Lateral Wall
Are irregular owing to three bony plates, the nasal conchae, which project inferiorly.
Drainage
- Sphenoid sinus Sphenoethmoid recess
- Frontal sinus Infundibulum of the middle meatus
- Anterior ethmoid sinus Middle meatus
- Middle ethmoid sinus Ethmoid bulla of middle meatus
- Maxillary sinus Middle meatus
Frontal Sinuses
@ Between the outer and the inner tables of the frontal bone
@ Posterior to the superficiliary arches and the root of the nose
@ Detactable in children by 7 – 8 y.o
@ Each sinus drains through a frontonasal duct into the ethmoidal infundibulum, which opens into the semilunar hiatus
of the middle nasal meatus
@ Innervated by branches of the supraorbital nerve (Cn V1)