INSTRUCTION MANUAL

e/m by THOMSON’S METHOD APPARATUS

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,
SN. 37/2, "Ashtavinayak Indl. Estate",
Parvati Nagar, Dhayari-Narhe Road,
Next to Pari Robotics, Narhe, Pune - 41
Email: xtreme.pune@gmail.com
Web Site: www.xtremesolutions.org.in
 e/m BY THOMSON’S METHOD APPARATUS
TITLE: Determination of e/m by Thomson’s method.

APPARATUS: Thomson’s tube, power supply, compass needle, magnetometer,

two bar magnets, etc.

DIAGRAM:

Formulae:

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STEPWISE PROCEDURE:

1. First fix north-south direction using magnetometer. Place the magnetometer

on a plane table which is completely free from any type of magnetic field
and draw N-S line.
2. Place the CRT on the wooden stand just fitting in the groove at its bottom in
N - S direction to reduce the effect of earth’s magnetic field.
3. Switch on the power supply. After some heating a spot will appear on the
screen. Make it fine with the help of intensity focusing control.
4. Now apply D.C. voltage to X-Y plane in such a way that the vertical
deflections should be on Y-axis. Note this voltage and deflection along y-
axis.
5. Now place the bar magnet symmetrically on the wooden stand which has a
scale and adjust it in such a way that the spot should attain its original
position. Thus the electric and magnetic fields out nullified.
6. After this balancing condition switch off the power supply and remove the
CRT carefully without disturbing the given system.
7. Place the magnetometer bar on wooden stand provided separately and
adjusts the magnetometer box exactly on the line joining two magnets and
now move magnetometer box towards the screen for the corresponding
deflection of magnetic needle as θ1 and θ2.
8. Find Hav and ‘h’, compute (l — x) and plot a graph of h (l — x) Vs. x and find
the area under this curve.
9. Substitute all the values in the formula provided for e/m and calculate it.

OBSERVATIONS:
1. Length of deflection plate (P) = 2 cm.
2. Space between deflection plates (D) = 0.4 cm
3. Distance between edge of deflection plate and the screen (L) = 16 cm.
4. Distance between slit and screen (l) = 14 cm
5. Horizontal component of earth’s magnetic field ‘H’ = 0.37 Gauges
6. Voltage between the plates Volts (v) = ……… V
7. Deflection corresponding to voltage (Y) = 1 cm

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Graph:

Observation Table:

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SAMPLE CALCULATIONS:

RESULT:

THEORY:
Let OX be the undeviated path of the electron, or mass m, charge ‘e’ and velocity
v.
Now, if a uniform magnetic field, H be applied parallel to OZ, at right angles to the
plane of the paper, the electrons will be deflected in the same manner as a
current- conveying conductor in the magnetic field. In this case, the electron
stream is equivalent to a current, ev in a direction, X —> 0, since the electron has
a negative charge the force causing the deflection upwards is therefore Hey per
electron, and is always normal to the direction of motion, and to the direction of
the field, H. The path of the electron will, therefore be circular. If r be the radius of
curvature of the deflected path, we have:

If both the fields are applied simultaneously, the deflection will be the next effect
of the two, and if suitably adjusted the field may be made to produce the deflection

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which neutralize each other, i.e. the force on the electron Hey upward and Ee
downwards become equal and opposite:

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