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Herkutanto
GURU BESAR FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UI
Pendidikan dibidang Kedokteran
• Doktor (S3), Dokter, Spesialis Forensik -
• Doktor (S3), Dokter, Spesialis Forensik -
Universitas Indonesia
Universitas Indonesia
• Grad. Dip. Forens.Med. - Monash • Ketua Komite Nasional
• Grad. Dip. Forens.Med. - Monash
University, Australia
University, Australia Keselamatan Pasien
ASPEK MEDIKOLEGAL MANAJEMEN RISIKO •
•
Dip. Forens. Med - Netherland School of
Dip. Forens. Med - Netherland School of
Public Health, Nederland
Kementerian Kesehatan
Public Health, Nederland
Pendidikan • Konsil Kedokteran, KKI,
Pendidikan dibidang
dibidang Hukum
Hukum
• Sarjana Hukum (SH) Universitas
2014-2019
Herkutanto • Sarjana Hukum (SH) Universitas
Indonesia, Fakultas Hukum
Indonesia, Fakultas Hukum
KOMITE NASIONAL KESELAMATAN PASIEN • Master of Laws (LL.M) La Trobe
• Master of Laws (LL.M) La Trobe
University, Australia School of Law
University, Australia School of Law Herkutanto, 2018
Herkutanto, 2018 1
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Herkutanto, 2018 2
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SOURCE OF RISKS
risk D
E
D
risk E
risk
F
F E
E INCIDENT
N
N
risk risk risk
C C
E ACCIDENT
risk E
S S
Herkutanto, 2018 3
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Predisposing patient’s
Factors CLAIM
• life
style
dissatisfaction
• demographic
• expectation PROOF
• need
• want
• perception on :
- price
- provider
- quality Precipitating
GUILTY Not -GUILTY
Factors
• Unwanted effects
• No consent LIABLE
• Poor communication
Herkutanto, 2018 CLAIM SETTLEMENT
Herkutanto, 2018 4
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NEGLIGENCE ?
Herkutanto, 2018 Herkutanto, 2018
Iwan Dwiprahasto, 2004
Herkutanto, 2018 5
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Prevention Prevention
RISK NEGLIGENCE not performed performed
Consent No Consent
obtained obtained
liable liable Not liable
Not liable
Herkutanto, 2018 Herkutanto, 2018
HUMAN ERROR
2 PROSES APA YANG SEDANG BERLANGSUNG
DALAM ALAM PIKIRAN YBS....?
Herkutanto, 2018 6
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INCIDENT
• Peduli mencegah Risiko (yang akan menimpa pasien)
Clinical Privileges Tindakan Medis – DUTY OF DUE CARE (against the Risk to Patients)
Clinical Privileges Tindakan Medis
• Kenihilan konsep “RISIKO” Masyakarat KOMUNAL
Clinical Privileges Tindakan Medis
• Kenihilan konsep “KEPEDULIAN” Masyarakat HIERARKHIS
SITUATION AWARENESS
Feedback
RISK ARISE FROM let the patient RISK ARISE FROM
MEDICAL PROCEDURES CHOOSE THE RISK THE DISSEASE
State of the Perception of Comprehen Projection Clinical Performance
Environment Elements in sion of of Future
Decision of Actions INFORMATION
Current Current Status
Situation Situation FROM PHYSICIAN
Individual
Level 1 Level 2 Level 3
Information Processing
? INFORMED OPINION
Herkutanto, 2018 7
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Manajemen Risiko
3 adalah suatu pendekatan terstruktur / metodologi
dalam mengelola ketidakpastian yang berkaitan
dengan ancaman; suatu rangkaian aktivitas manusia,
termasuk:
penilaian risiko, pengembangan strategi untuk
mengelolanya dan mitigasi risiko dengan
Model Penanggulangan Risiko Medikolegal pada FASYANKES menggunakan pemberdayaan / pengelolaan
sumberdaya.
Herkutanto, 2018 Herkutanto, 2018
1 = 1 x 1
0 = 1 x 0
0.25 = 0.5 x 05
European
Herkutanto, 2018 Society of Anaesthesiology, 2014 Herkutanto, 2018
Herkutanto, 2018 8
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GOVERNING BOARD
LANGKAH SETELAH TERJADI KTD / SENTINEL
Corporate Leadership Clinical Leadership
1. Pemulihan keadaan dan Mengurangi
HOSPITAL MEDICAL Penderitaan Pasien
CORPORATE CULTURE
MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE 2. Melakukan Kegiatan Root Cause Analysis
(RCA) dengan benar
Corporate Governance Clinical Governance
SAFETY CULTURE
3. Monitoring ketat terhadap kemungkinan
Service Excellence Clinical Excellence
timbulnya kasus KTD / Sentinel serupa
PATIENT SAFETY 4. Pelaporan kasus sentinel
Herkutanto, 2018 Herkutanto, 2018
Herkutanto, 2012
Herkutanto, 2018 9
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Severity
Frequency Low High
Low Risk retention Risk tranfer
High Risk control Risk avoidance
Herkutanto, 2018 Herkutanto, 2018
Pendanaan KESIMPULAN
• Insurance (risk transfer) • Masalah medikolegal terjadi akibat risiko keselamatan pasien
– Membayar premi untuk asuransi indemnity yang tidak dikelola dengan baik
– RS bisa membayari, atau berbagi, atau mewajibkan dokter • Peduli terhadap risiko pasien adalah komponen utama dalam
• Self Insured (risk retain) mengurangi risiko medikolegal
– Menyiapkan dana khusus untuk itu • Rumah sakit harus mengelola risiko untuk memproteksi
• Dana amanah: Kontribusi semua komponen secara proporsional keselamatan pasien, serta reputasi rumah sakit dan dokter
(% penghasilan)
• Menganggarkan (RS Pemerintah: beli asuransi)
– Mengatur tatacara penggunaannya
Herkutanto, 2018 10
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Herkutanto, 2018
Herkutanto, 2018 11