1. SOME MIGHT CHOOSE INTERNAL HEADINGS, WHICH MIGHT BE BOLD OR SMALL CAPS
Write the body of your essay in Times New Roman 12pt. If you absolutely must, other serif
fonts are ok but I advise against it. The spacing should be 2.0. Each paragraph should be
between 10 lines and a page long. No paragraph should exceed a page. Quotations that are
less than three lines long can be quoted within the running text. As is conventional in the UK,
please use ‘single quotation marks’ and only if ‘you have a “quotation in a quotation” should
you use double quotation marks’. Punctuation is outside of quotations marks, except where
you are quoting a grammatically complete sentence. ‘In that case, the full stop sits inside the
quotation marks.’1 It is not considered elegant to place the numbers indicating a footnote (like
this one)2 into the middle of a sentence. Place them at the end.3 If you have a text you will
quote a lot, it is customary to establish in-text quotation from a specific edition in this way.4
Every paragraph but the first and the first after any internal heading need to be
indented. Please note the following rule about quotations: If you are quoting text that is
1
Footnotes are also in Times New Roman. Follow a recognized system. I like to use the OUP Handbook. All
footnotes eventually end in a full stop. You can leave the footnotes in 10pt and single spacing.
2
Please do not do this.
3
Much better.
4
Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene (1590-6), ed. by A. C. Hamilton, 2nd edn (London: Routledge, 2013),
XII.xii.23. All further references to The Faerie Queene are given in-text and are taken from this edition.
‘shorter than three lines, t shorter than three lines, shorter than three lines, shorter than three
lines, shorter than three lines, here is no need to set it apart’. And yet, as this example
demonstrates,
if you are quoting text that longer than three lines, However, if you are quoting text
that longer than three lines, However, if you are quoting text that longer than three
lines, However, if you are quoting text that longer than three lines, it must be set apart
Never just quote and let your reader draw the consequences: tell your reader what they are
The bibliography should not be added on to the final paper of the essay. Strictly
speaking, you are not writing a bibliography at all, but a ‘works cited’ list. Your ‘works cited’
list should begin on a new page and be formatted in Times New Roman 12pt and 2.0 spacing.
I have appended an example. Your essay should end on a full-seized paragraph, which might
have a heading ‘Conclusion’ is you use internal headings. Your essay should end on a full-
seized paragraph, which might have a heading ‘Conclusion’ is you use internal headings.
Your essay should end on a full-seized paragraph, which might have a heading ‘Conclusion’
is you use internal headings. Your essay should end on a full-seized paragraph, which might
have a heading ‘Conclusion’ is you use internal headings. Your essay should end on a full-
seized paragraph, which might have a heading ‘Conclusion’ is you use internal headings.
Just end.
Works cited
Taplin, Oliver, Greek Tragedy in Action, revised edition (London: Methuen, 1985).
Harrison, George W.M., and Vayos Liapis (eds), Performance in Greek and Roman Theatre
Hall, Edith, ‘Title of her Chapter’, in Performance Culture and Athenian Democracy, ed. by
Goldhill, Simon, and Robin Osborne (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999), pp.
13-46.
Csapo, Eric, ‘Late Euripidean Music’, Illinois Classical Studies, 24/25: Euripides and Tragic
Theatre in the Late Fifth Century, ed. Martin Cropp, Kevin Lee, and David Sansone (1999-
2000), 399-426.
Monograph: Oliver Taplin, Greek Tragedy in Action, revised edition (London: Methuen,
1985).
Edited collection: George W.M. Harrison and Vayos Liapis (eds), Performance in Greek
Athenian Democracy, ed. by Simon Goldhill and Robin Osborne (Cambridge: Cambridge
Language and Literature 45.1 (2003), 1-19. NOTE: no ‘pp.’ before the page numbers if it’s a
journal article.
Journal article in a special issue: Eric Csapo, ‘Late Euripidean Music’, Illinois Classical
Studies, Vol. 24/25: Euripides and Tragic Theatre in the Late Fifth Century, ed. Martin
Cropp, Kevin Lee, and David Sansone (1999-2000), 399-426. NOTE: no ‘pp.’ before the