Anda di halaman 1dari 6

FAMILY PLANNING

 the practice of controlling the number of children in a family and the intervals between
their births, particularly by means of artificial contraception or voluntary sterilization.
 Preferred number of children per family and spacing of children with appropriate means.
 The purpose of family planning is to prevent giving birth to unwanted child especially
people who enter into relationship without aim of marrying in future. Family planning
helps a family advance and develop. It allows the mother regain her health after delivery.
Need for protection against Sexually Transmitted Diseases and HIV/AIDS.
 There are different benefits of family planning, some are: Preventing pregnancy-related
health risks, helping to prevent HIV/AIDS, reducing infant mortality, empowering people
and enhancing education, reducing adolescent pregnancies, and slowing population
growth.

A. Difference of Natural and Artificial Family Planning

Natural Family Planning (NFP)

 NFP is not just a means of responsibly postponing pregnancy; it can also be used to ACHIEVE
pregnancy since it pinpoints ovulation.
 Quickly reversible (from avoiding pregnancy to achieving pregnancy).
 Non-invasive and protects future fertility.
 Charting for NFP provides information about reproductive health, including some causes of
infertility.
 Is a shared method of family planning; fosters communication between the couple.
 Encourages awareness of one’s body or natural bodily signs.
 NFP is based on virtue and sexual self-mastery (because of abstinence during the wife’s fertile
time when avoiding conception), which are necessary for healthy marriages.
 NFP couples learn to express their love with a full repertoire of acts of tenderness and verbal
expression, and demonstrate an appreciation for the presence of the other.
 Does not use an immoral means to the good end of responsibly spacing children (with prayerful
discernment and an informed conscience).
 Allows every act of intercourse to be open to the creation of new life.

Artificial Family Planning

 Spouses deliberately hold a part of themselves back from each other either chemically or
through barriers.
 Side effects include: blood clots, stroke, high blood pressure, cancer, death, etc.
 Costs (sometimes high) involved for all types of ABC (Artificial Family Planning).
 Often masks or hides information about reproductive health and infertility.
 Some methods are harmful to future fertility (e.g., sterilization, artificial hormones that can
cause cancer in reproductive organs, etc.)
 Often falls on just the woman to utilize family planning; does not promote shared
communication between the couple.
 Does not encourage awareness of one’s body or natural bodily signs.
 Deliberately interrupts, sterilizes, and works against (contra) conception; suppresses and
manipulates fertility; involves a deliberate frustration of the act of intercourse and its end.
 Some forms of contraception (e.g., the pill) can be abortifacient at times (killing a living human
embryo by making the womb inhospitable).
 Frustrates the natural functioning of the body; tries to “fix” something that does not need fixing
(the healthy functioning of the reproductive system).

B. 3 examples each for Natural and Artificial Family Planning

Natural Family Planning Methods

1. Rhythm Method
 Also known as “calendar method”
 It helps in predicting fertile days of a woman.
 To use the rhythm method, you track your menstrual history to predict when you'll
ovulate. This helps you determine when you're most likely to conceive.
 Using the rhythm method for birth control requires careful record
keeping and persistence. If you don't want to conceive, you and your
partner must avoid having sex or use a barrier method of
contraception during your fertile days each month.
2. Sympto-Thermal Method
 The Sympto-Thermal Method (STM) is a natural and healthy fertility awareness based
method (FABM) of family planning that makes use of a woman’s observations of her cervical
fluid, basal body temperature (waking temperature) and other biological signs (e.g., changes
in the cervix) in order to identify the fertile and infertile times of her cycle. Couples can use
the method to either achieve or avoid pregnancy. The STM can be used throughout the
couple’s reproductive years.
3. Coitus Interruptus
 also known as “withdrawal method”
 Prevents sperm from entering the vagina
 To achieve this, the couple should know the proper time of withdrawal and take precautions
before having another intercourse.

Artificial Family Planning Methods

1. Intrauterine Device (IUD)


 “intra” which means inside, “uterine” for uterus
 It is a small, flexible contraceptive device that is inserted into the uterus.
 There are two different brand names: Hormonal IUDs (Mirena, Skyla, Kyleena, etc.), and
Copper IUDs (ParaGard). Its advantage is it lasts for years. Hormonal IUDS can stay for 3-5
years while Copper IUDs can last up to 10-12 years.
2. Barrier Method
 Barrier methods include the diaphragm, cervical cap, male condom, and female
condom and spermicidal foam, sponges, and film. Unlike othermethods of birth
control, barrier methods are used only when you have sexual intercourse. Be sure
to read the instructions before using a barrier method.
3. Surgical Sterilization Method
 The surgical procedure is tubal ligation, in which the fallopian tubes are cut or
sealed. It's sometimes referred to as getting your tubes tied. The procedure is
usually performed using a minimally invasive surgery called laparoscopy.

Kwashiorkor vs Marasmus

Marasmus occurs more often in young children and babies. It leads to dehydration and weight loss.
Starvation is a form of this disorder. The symptoms of marasmus include: weight loss, dehydration,
chronic diarrhea and stomach shrinkage.

You’re at an increased risk for marasmus if you live in a rural area where it’s difficult to get food or an
area that has a food shortage. Babies, including babies who aren’t breast-fed, young children, or older
adults also have an increased risk for marasmus.

Kwashiorkor occurs in people who have a severe protein deficiency. Children who develop kwashiorkor
are often older than children who develop marasmus. Having a diet that’s mainly carbohydrates can lead
to this condition. The symptoms of kwashiorkor include: edema, or puffy or swollen appearance due to
fluid retention, bulging of the abdomen, and an inability to grow or gain weight.

You’re at an increased risk for kwashiorkor if you live in a rural area where there’s limited access to
protein-rich foods. Children who have been weaned off of breast milk are also at an increased risk if they
don’t have access to protein-rich foods.

Causes of marasmus and kwashiorkor

The main cause of both of these conditions is a lack of access to food. Some things that may affect a
person’s access to food include:

 famine

 a caregiver’s inability to get food due to lack of transportation or a physical inability

 living in poverty

Other things that may lead to these conditions include:

 having an eating disorder

 lacking education about dietary needs

 taking medication that interferes with the absorption of nutrients

 having a medical condition that increases your body’s need for calories
NEWBORN SCREENING

 Newborn screening is the practice of testing every newborn for certain harmful or potentially
fatal disorders that aren't otherwise apparent at birth.
 With a simple blood test, doctors often can tell whether newborns have certain conditions
that eventually could cause problems. Although these conditions are rare and most babies
are given a clean bill of health, early diagnosis and proper treatment sometimes can make
the difference between lifelong impairment and healthy development.
 The disorders included in newborn screening vary from state to state. ... These conditions
include phenylketonuria (PKU), cystic fibrosis, sickle cell disease, critical congenital heart disease,
hearing loss, and others. Some states test for additional disorders that are not part of the HRSA
panel.

TEST PERFORMED:

 phenylketonuria (PKU)
 congenital hypothyroidism
 galactosemia
 sickle cell disease
 biotinidase deficiency
 congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)
 maple syrup urine disease (MSUD)
 tyrosinemia
 cystic fibrosis (CF)
 MCAD deficiency
 severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)
 toxoplasmosis
References:

http://phillycatholiclife.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Diffs-Btwn-NFP-and-Artificial-Birth-Control-
handout-070210.pdf

https://www.kenyaplex.com/questions/15885-give-the-purposes-of-family-planning.aspx

https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/rhythm-method/about/pac-20390918

https://www.factsaboutfertility.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/SymptoThermalPEH.pdf

https://www.healthlinkbc.ca/health-topics/hw138685

https://www.healthline.com/health/kwashiorkor-and-marasmus#causes

https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/newborn-screening-tests.html
FAMILY PLAN ING

Anda mungkin juga menyukai