”BABY ASPHYXIA”
DI SUSUN OLEH :
GROUP 2
FREDERIKA TULADAN JUSTIKA NURDIN
HARDIANTI KHUSNUL AMIRAH
HARIYANTI P SARI MUSTIKA RAMADHANTI
IKA RAHMAWATI NABILA ZHANAZH NADILA
INDAR SUKRIANI NUR AIN AL
INKA DEWI SAFITRI MUNAWWARAH
The author also expressed his gratitude to the Lecturer who has given
the task to write this paper, as well as to anyone who has been involved in
the writing process, which always motivates.
Finally, the authors hope that this paper will be useful for the reader.
The author has tried as much as possible to complete this paper, but the
author realizes this paper is not yet perfect. Therefore, the authors expect
constructive criticisms and suggestions to perfect this paper.
Makassar……..2018
CHAPTER 1
PRELIMINARY
A. BACKGROUND
Various safe and effective efforts to prevent and overcome the main
causes of newborn deaths, including quality antenatal care, normal or basic
maternity care, and neonatal care services by professionals. To reduce the
mortality rate of newborns due to asphyxia, childbirth must be carried out by
health workers who have the ability and skills of asphyxia management in
newborns, these abilities and skills must be used every time to help delivery.
LITERATURE REVIEW
1. Maternal factors
a) Preeclampsia and eclampsia
b) Abnormal bleeding (placenta previa or abruption of the placenta)
c) The old partus or parturition is congested
d) Fever during childbirth Severe infections (malaria, syphilis,
tuberculosis, HIV)
e) Overdue Pregnancy (after 42 weeks of pregnancy)
2. Cord Factor
a) The umbilical cord
b) Short umbilical cord
c) Cord cord
d) Umbilical cord prolapsed
3. Baby Factors
a) Premature baby (before 37 weeks of pregnancy)
b) Action by delivery (breech, twins, shoulder dystocia, vacuum
extraction, extraction
c) forceps)
d) Congenital abnormalities
e) Meconium mixed amniotic water (greenish color)
Childbirth helpers must know the risk factors that have the potential to
cause asphyxia. If a risk factor is found, it must be discussed with the mother
and her family about the possibility of resuscitation. However, sometimes risk
factors become difficult to recognize or (helper's knowledge) not found but
asphyxia still occurs. Therefore, helpers must always be ready to carry out
infant resuscitation at every aid
2. Midwifery Diagnosis
Asphyxia that occurs in infants is usually a continuation of fetal anoxia /
hypoxia. Diagnosis of fetal anoxia / hypoxia can be made in labor with
signs of fetal distress.
Three things that need attention are:
a) Fetal heart rate
The increase in heart rate is generally not much meaning, but if
the frequency drops to below 100 times per minute outside of his, and
especially if it is irregular, it is a sign of danger
b) Mekonium in amniotic fluid
Meconium at breech presentation is meaningless, but in the
presentation the head may show an oxygenation disorder and must
be aware of. The presence of meconium in the amniotic fluid in the
presentation of the head can be an indication to end labor if it can be
done easily.
c) Examination of fetal blood pH
Using an amnioscope inserted through the cervix, a small
incision is made on the fetal scalp, and fetal blood samples are taken.
This blood is checked for pH. The presence of acidosis causes a
decrease in pH. If the pH drops below 7.2 it is considered a danger
sign that fetal distress may be accompanied by asphyxia.
(Wiknjosastro, 1999)
1. Disclaimer
2. Heart rate
3. Skin color
(Wiknjosastro, 2007).
COVER
A. Conclusion
Resuscitation steps, including 2 stages. The first stage is the first step,
and the second stage is ventilation.
B. Suggestions
With the writing of this paper, the authors hope that it can add
knowledge to readers. Therefore, the authors hope for all readers to provide
constructive criticism and suggestions.
BIBLIOGRAPHY