ART APP FINALS CONCEPTS

• CONCEPT OF SOUL

I. Pre-Historic ➠ KA - a person’s double

- Keeping things
➠ BA - human-headed bird

- Material: STONES ➠ AKH - transfigured spirit; only allowed to

good souls

A. PALEOLITHIC
OTHERS
- Stone tools

- No permanent address
• IMHOTEP - stone coffin

PAINTING
• CAVE PAINTING IV. Archaic
B. NEOLITHIC - Geometric + abstract

- Organized
- Gem cutting, ivory carving, jewerly making,
- Communities
potteries

- from GEOMETRIC ⇢ ORIENTALIZING

ARCHITECTURE - from ABSTRACT ⇢ NATURALISTIC

• STONE HENGE
Material:
CONTRIBUTIONS
➠ MEGALITH - a large stone that forms a • GREEK ALPHABET - written literature; 8th
prehistoric monument
century
➠ MENHIR - standing stone

Shape:

➠ CROMLECH - circle

V. Classical Art (480-400 B.C.)

➠ ENLITHL & POST - “Golden Age” of Acropolis

SCULPTURE - Material: IVORY / MARBLE

- ACROPOLIS, ATHENS
• WOMEN OF VALOR
SCULPTURE
• CONTRAPPOSTO - standing but in
II. Sumerina Art RELAXED manner

- Veneration of rulers
ARCHITECTURE

- Hierarchy of Scales: Big & Small

• PARTHENON - FRONT: 14 & 14
- Statues: gods & goddesses
BACK: 8 & 8

- Material: CLAY ➠ DORIC ORDER

STATUES
• TELL ASMAR - Present day Iraq; collection
of 12 statues
• ZYGGURAT (ziqqurat “to build on a raised
area”) - Mesopotamia; pyramid-like; copied
by the Egyptians

III. Egyptian Art

- Rigid statues; to immoratalized their names

- Animals + Humans

- ART:
State

Religion

ARCHITECTURE
• ”CITY OF DEAD” - - NECROPOLIS


VII. Roman Art

A. EARLY
- The legendary Romulus & Remus

- Themes: FUNERARY & for BURIALS

SCULPTURES

• BURIAL URMS
• VASES
• CAPITOLINE WOLF - bronze

• AUGUSTUS OF PRIMAPORTA

• MONUMENTAL STRUCTURES - life size

PAINTINGS - realistic, myths,

• ALEXANDER MOSAICS
• MURALS (POMPEII)
ARCHITECTURE

Grave marker
• COLOSSEUM
➠ KHORUS - male figure
• TEMPLE OF FORTUNA VIRILIS
➠ KORE -Religious dedicatory
female figure

B. LATE
• RED FIGURE POTTERIES - daily life; - Golden Age of Roman Empire

Athens
- Prosperity

➠ ANCHORA - big vases

ARCHITECTURE

• POLIS - city state

• PANTHEON - worship all gods
PAINTING
• ROMAN AQUEDUCTS - imagination

• LINEAR PAINTINGS • BAS RELIEF - low relief

• CANON PROPORTIONS
CONTRIBUTIONS

• OLYMPIC GAMES - to honor the gods; to VIII. Late Antique

unite the people; Mt. Olympus
SCULPTURES

• BURIAL URMS
• VASES
VI. Hellenistic (323 B.C.) • CAPITOLINE WOLF - bronze

- Death of Alexander The Great

• AUGUSTUS OF PRIMAPORTA

- “HELLENIZATION” (Spread of greek CHRISTIAN PAINTINGS

influence)
• CATACOMBS - burials underground

PAINTING - landscapes; mosaics

➠ “Good Shepherd”- Pagan (belief in
many gods)

• PATHOS (Emotions) & ETHNOS (Ethics)

➠ “Santa Constanza”
• IDEALISM
➠ “Banquet of the Tomb” • SARCOPHAGUS - stone coffin; dominant
color is bright

SCULPTURES - baroque-style

• NUDITY

➠ “Winged Victory of Samothrace”

ARCHITECTURE - gigantic; theatrical; “golden Bas Relief
ratio”

• CORINTHIAN ORDER (Temple of High

Olympian Zeus)
ARCHITECTURE

• TUSCAN ORDER
Medium
• LOCULI - compartments

➠ STOAI - is a covered walkway; open at • BASILICA - Started from the Romans;

the entrance w/ columns
CENTRALLY-planned

➠ “Santa Constanza”

 • DOME OF THE ROCK - where Muhammed

was

• SYNAGOGUE - Jewish church

Muhammed standing as Bas Reliefhe ascended to

• THE CALLIGRAPHER

IX. Byzantine David & his

ARCHITECTURE
son Isaac
- “BYZAS”
• HOLY CITIES
Where Adam was buried
- Emperor Constantine - - “New Rome”
- bday place of Muhammed

- Intro to ICONS (veneration of images)

➠ ICONO CLASS - people running after - Muhammed’s tomb

icons (AYAW NILA CHUPI ICONS)

- Sophia (“Wisdom”)
• MIHRAB - semi-circular empty niche in a
mosque
PAINTING
MECCA
• QIBLAH - direction of prayer; where Mecca
• PANTOCRATOR - title of Christ represented is directed

as the ruler of the universe, especially in MEDINA

Byzantine church decoration.
➠ DIPTYCH - a painting, especially an XI. Romanesque
altarpiece, on two hinged wooden panels - “in the Roman manner”

that may be closed like a book. - people - “revival of structure entirely in stones”

running artistry making

- Revival of roman

• THEOTOKOS (Gk: “Virgin Mary”) - English illuminated manuscript

ARCHITECTURE
- Stained glasses (to maximize light)

• MINARET - tall pillars/ tower - Winchester bible

➠ DOMED ROOF
ARCHITECTURE - revitalizion to large scale;
SCULPTURE
collosa architectural work; wood to STONE

• SARCOPHAGUS Churches: - medium: STONE

- - CLERESTORY (window)
X. Islamic - - APSE (altar)
- Paintings:
- - PORTAL (passageway around apse)
- - AMBULATORY (doorway)

• CPILGRIMAGE CHURCHES
PILGRIM - a traveler who is on a journey
A➠
to a holy place.

Highly refined P PEDIMENT - the triangular upper part of

➠
- Patterns:
A the front of a building in classical style

Intellectual
Arabesque ADVANTAGES OF STONE:

Decorative 1. Fireproof

2. Durable

3. Weather proof

Tessellation 4. Easy to maintain

- Serene harmony
5. Good sound system

PAINTING

Calligraphy
• JALI - perforated, ornamental stones ARCHITECTURE

• BURAQ - sphynx; half lion half human head

• FLYING BUTTRES
• SARIMANOK - islam version of ibong • CHURCHES

adarna
• CATHEDRALS
 • CASTLES
• STONE WEDGES
• PILGREMAGES

XII. Gothic
- Religious art

A. EARLY
B. LATE
C. HIGH
- Ex: Chartes Cathedral
D. RAYONNANT

ARCHITECTURE

➠ FLYING BUTTRESS
➠ ROSE WINDOW
➠ GARGOYLE
➠ POINTED ARCHS
➠ JMB - directly attached