Nationalism Among The Students Of LSPU-SPCC

An Undergraduate Thesis

Presented to the Faculty of

College of Teacher Education

LAGUNA STATE POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY

San Pablo City Campus

In Partial Fulfilment

Of the Requirements for the Degree

Bachelor of Secondary Education

Social Studies
 Jheno B. Gutierrez

MAY 2017

Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION

Colonial mentality is one of the long-term effects brought by the colonial era. It is the

mindset that foreign talents, products, skills, culture and many more aspects are better than

that of one’s own. It can even lead to the judgment that anything local has little or no value at

all. As seen now in the streets of the Philippines, local brands use foreign celebrities to

advertise their products. Slowly, this rationality replaces the sense of nationalism. Nationalism

is the love for one’s country. It creates a sense of loyalty, pride and unity among people

towards one’s country. It gives a sense of identity to the locals. This is clearly scene in the desire

for independence during the colonization era where locals fought their way to achieve freedom

from foreign reign. Jose Rizal, Andres Bonifacio, Gregorio Del Pilar, and Gabriela Silang are some

of the people who have fought for Philippine independence from the Spanish Colonizers. They

have risked their lives to show their love for one’s country and fellow citizens and to give the

Filipinos the freedom the latter deserves. Colonialism refers the rule of foreign power over a

colony. As stated in the Stanford Encyclopedia, it is “a practice of domination, which involves

the subjugation of one people to another.” It dates back to ancient times when Romans

colonized Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The practice of colonialism involves the transfer

of population to a new territory, where colonizers migrate to their colony while maintaining

their political allegiance to their country of origin. The colonial era has greatly affected this

sense of nationalism for slowly, the thinking and feeling of patriotism vanished as the effect of

colonialism spread.

REFERENCE: https://dlsuenglcomc39bsy1213.wordpress.com/2012/12/07/the-reality-

of-philippine-nationalism/

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The awareness of being Filipino does not come naturally. We may be surrounded by all

the symbols of nationhood the flag, monuments, maps, pictures of our national heroes and the

historic events in which they figured but, though these may conjure stirring images of the

nation, they do not necessarily bind us to the nation. We may sing the national anthem and

recite the pledge of allegiance every day, but these do not automatically evoke in us a

consciousness of being part of the nation. (Prof. Randolf S. David). It is noticeable nowadays to see

somebody wearing a shirt or an accessory bearing symbols like the Philippine National flag, the map of the

Philippines, or even Filipino icons like Jose Rizal, Maria Clara, Ninoy Aquino, the jeepney, the city of Manila and so

on. Many claim that this new fashion trend is due to the re-emergence of Filipino nationalist sentiments amidst
the peoples constant clamor for change and progress in our society and country. On the other

hand, some people claim that this phenomenon is only a fad, or means for entrepreneurs to profit from it.

In the Philippines, nationalists like Claro M. Recto, Lorenzo M. Tañada, and even JoseMaria Sison, call for

strengthening our patriotic cause amidst the dominance of foreign influences during their time (Teodoro, Sison,

& Arcilla, 1967). On the other hand, Renato Constantino stated in one of his papers that the existence of a

Filipino nation is a fact, but the existence of a national consciousness “is only a presupposition, if by

national consciousness one means that sense of oneness which comes from a community of

aspiration, response and action” (Constantino, 1974). For Filipinos, according to Constantino, the question

of nationality has become one of identity, but not of a consciousness of common aspirations and goals. It is this

growing difference between identity and consciousness that has been responsible for the uncertainty of Filipino

behavior,

For the Filipino’s east-west ambivalence, and for their marginal participation in the historic struggles

of other colonial peoples (Constantino, 1974)

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Gellner's theory of nationalism. Gellner defined nationalism as primarily a political principle

that holds that the political and the national unit should be congruent and as the general

imposition of a high culture on society, where previously low cultures had taken up the lives of

the majority, and in some cases the totality, of the population. It means the general diffusion of
a school-mediated, academy supervised idiom, codified for the requirements of a reasonably

precise bureaucratic and technological communication. It is the establishment of an

anonymous impersonal society, with mutually sustainable atomized individuals, held together

above all by a shared culture of this kind, in place of the previous complex structure of local

groups, sustained by folk cultures reproduced locally and idiosyncratically by the micro-groups

themselves. Gellner analyzed nationalism by a historical perspective. He saw the history of

humanity culminating in the discovery of modernity, nationalism being a key functional

element. Modernity, by changes in political and economical system, is tied to the popularization

of education, which, in turn, is tied to the unification of language. However, as modernization

spread around the world, it did so slowly, and in numerous places, cultural elites were able to

resist cultural assimilation and defend their own culture and language successfully. For Gellner,

nationalism was a sociological condition and a likely but not guaranteed (he noted exceptions in

multilingual states like Switzerland, Belgium and Canada result of modernization, the transition

from agrarian to industrial society. His theory focused on the political and cultural aspects of

that transition. In particular, he focused on the unifying and culturally homogenizing roles of

the educational systems, national labor markets and improved communication and mobility in

the context of urbanization. He thus argued that nationalism was highly compatible with

industrialization and served the purpose of replacing the ideological void left by both the
disappearance of the prior agrarian society culture and the political and economical system

of feudalism, which it legitimized.

Paradigm

Dependent variable Independent variable

I. Profile of the
respondents in terms
NATIONALISM AMONG STUDENTS
of;
OF
a. Age
b. Gender LSPU-SPCC
c. Monthly income
d. Course

II. Other factors

a. Nationalism
b. Love of country

Figure 1 shows the relationship between the dependent and independent variable
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Generally, the researcher seeks to determine the level of nationalism among students of

LSPU-SPCC

Specifically, the researcher seeks answer to the folowing;

III. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.1 age

1.2 gender

1.3 monthly income

1.4 course

2. What is the respondents other related factor in terms of;

2.1 nationalism

2.2 love of country

3. Is there a significance relationship between the profile of the respondent and student

perception to nationalism?

4. Is there no significant relationship between other related factors and student perception

to nationalism?
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This student will be beneficial to the following persons:

The students of LSPU-SPCC would realize that nationalism is very important.

On the part of the teacher, they might know they will give advice to the researcher and

provide some information and give a discussion about the topic.

On the part of the researcher, they would have a idea if a student of LSPU-SPCC are interested

when it come to their nationalism.

HYPOTHESIS

The following hypothesis are here by posited in the study;

1. The respondent profile is not significant related to the dependent variable.

2. The nationalism among the students of LSPU-SPCC related factors are not related to

the students.

SCOPE AND LIMITATION

 The scope of this research study focused on the nationalism among the students of

LSPU-SPCC particularly the respondent profile. Respondents were composed of one hundred

(100) students of LSPU-SPCC in different colleges.

A self-image questionnaire will serve as the main instrument of the research significance

of the study.

DEFINITION OF TERM

Nationalism. patriotic feeling, principles, or efforts

Age. a period of human life, measured by years from birth, usually marked by a certain stage or

degree of mental or physical development and involving legal responsibility and capacity

Gender enduring pattern of romantic or sexual attraction (or a combination of these) to

persons of the opposite sex or gender, the same sex or gender, or to both sexes or more than

one gender

Course. a program of instruction, as in a college or

Love of country. when you sacrifice your dignity for the country.