2/16/2019 APA 6th - Referencing and Citation Styles - Subject guides at University of Sydney

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References in the body of your essay Quick Links

The APA in text reference is in the format (author, date).  Your Guide to
When directly quoting from a text you must include a page APA 6th Style
number in the citation as given in the examples below.
Including page numbers in all other circumstances is not This guide provides an
required however, it is best practice to do so when referring overview of the APA 6th
to part of a work (e.g. a paragraph or chapter in a book). referencing style.
When referring to an entire work that covers a single topic
(e.g. a journal article) it is not required.

Referencing an idea

The leading medical cause of Aboriginal mortality is

due to circulatory system disease. Other important
causes of death include diseases of the respiratory
system and injury or poisoning (Anderson, 1999;
Saggers & Gray, 1999; Thomson, 1995).

OR

Anderson (1999), Thomson (1995), and Saggers

and Gray (1999) all state that the leading cause of
Aboriginal mortality is due to circulatory system
disease, and that other important causes of death
include diseases of the respiratory system and
injury or poisoning.

Referencing a quotation

Indeed, one researcher commented that

“technological innovations have saved or extended
the lives of many patients” (Lumby, 2001, p. 44).

Citing a source within a source

Where your source quotes or refers to another source, for
example Unsworth refers to previous work by Halliday on
linguistics, the citation might read thus:

(Halliday, 1987, cited in Unsworth, 2004, p. 15)

Only Unsworth will appear in the Reference list at the end

of your assignment

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2/16/2019 APA 6th - Referencing and Citation Styles - Subject guides at University of Sydney
Reference list
Additional resources

Your reference list should be ordered alphabetically by

APA Style Blog
author and then chronologically by year of publication.
The APA Style Blog
The APA 6th style requires the references to be
is the official
indented as illustrated below in the examples.
companion to the
For instances of multiple articles with the same authors Publication Manual
and years of publication, please see the complete of the American

guide. If you have the DOI for the journal article, you Psychological

should include it in the reference, otherwise, it is not Association, Sixth

Edition. It explores
necessary.
what APA Style is
Book and how it works in a
variety of areas,
Lumby, J. (2001). Who cares? The changing health including reference
care system. Sydney, Australia: Allen & Unwin. citations of every
sort, grammar and
usage, the
Book chapter
publication process,
and social media.
McKenzie, H., Boughton, M., Hayes, L., & Forsyth,
S. (2008). Explaining the complexities and
Academic Writer
value of nursing practice and knowledge. In I.
(APA Style
Morley & M. Crouch (Eds.), Knowledge as
CENTRAL)
value: Illumination through critical prisms (pp.
An online resource
209-224). Amsterdam, Netherlands: Rodopi.
designed to assist
with proper

Journal article application of APA

style formatting
Boughton, M., & Halliday, L. (2008). A challenge to rules. APA Style
the menopause stereotype: Young Australian Central holds a
women's reflections of 'being diagnosed' as digital media library
menopausal. Health & Social Care in the of videos, samples
Community, 16(6), 565-572. doi: and self-quizzes
10.1111/j.1365-2524.2008.00777.x including this video
on citing references
in text:
Webpage with an author

Welch, N. (2000, February 21). Toward an

understanding of the determinants of rural
health. Retrieved
from http://www.ruralhealth.org.au/welch.htm

Webpage with no author

ANCI national competency standards for the

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2/16/2019 APA 6th - Referencing and Citation Styles - Subject guides at University of Sydney

registered nurse and the enrolled

nurse. (2000). Retrieved
from http://www.anci.org.au/competencystandards.htm

Newspaper article

Bagnall, D. (1998, January 27). Private schools:

Why they are out in front. The Bulletin, pp. 12-
15.

Government publication

The Health Targets and Implementation (Health for

All) Committee. (1988). Health for all
Australians. Canberra, Australia: Australian
Government Publishing Service.

Company and Industry Reports

Magner, L. (2016). Coffee shops in Australia

(IBISWorld Industry Report OD5381).
Retrieved from IBISWorld database.

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