2.

0 grams of powder of particle density 2500 kg/m3 are charged into the cell of an apparatus for
measurement of particle size and specific surface area by permeametry. The cylindrical cell has a
diameter of 1.2 cm and the powder forms a bed of depth 1 cm. Dry air of density 1.2 kg/m3 and
viscosity 18.4x10-6 Pa.s at a rate of 36 cm3/min through the powder (in a direction parallel to the
axis of the cylindrical cell) and producing a pressure difference of 100 mm of water across the
bed.
1. Calculate the surface-volume mean diameter, in micrometer.
a. 64.92
b. 58.81
c. 20.08
d. 32.10
e. None
2. Calculate the cell volume, in cubic meters.
a. 1.21 x 10-6
b. 1.13 x 10-6
c. 2.07 x 10-6
d. 1.52 x 10-6
e. None
3. Calculate the voidage of the bed.
a. 0.2926
b. 0.4984
c. 0.5469
d. 0.5507
e. None
4. Calculate the Reynold’s number of the packed bed.
a. 0.0821
b. 0.0293
c. 0.0153
d. 0.1642
e. None
5. Calculate the specific surface of the powder, in square meters/kilogram.
a. 119.5
b. 131.0
c. 40.1
d. 77.5
e. none

6. Calculate the excluded volume (in nm3) for a suspension of 150nm silica particles at 40 volume
percent solids in a solution of 0.002 M NaCl.
a. 4.30x106
b. 3.72x106
c. 3.80 x106
d. 2.29 x106
 e. None

7. Wet grinding maybe used when _____.

a. The material is very abrasive
b. The material is very cohesive/adhesive
c. The material is tough
d. The materials are of a fibrous nature
e. The material has low melting point

Given a suspension in water of uniformly sized sphere (diameter 6102.36 micro-in, density 71.17
lb/ft3 has a solid concentration of 25% by volume. The suspension settles to a bed of solids
concentration of 55% by volume. Assume water properties: density, 1000kg/ m3; viscosity,
0.001Pa.s
8. The rate at which the sediment/suspension interface rises, in mm=s.
a. -0.450
b. -0.401
c. -0.833
d. -0.375
e. -0.328
9. Which of the following is correct?
a. Hindered velocity is equal to zero
b. Hindered velocity equals 1
c. Velocity of the interface is equal to hindered settling velocity
d. Velocity of the interface equals to 1
e. Velocity of the interface is equal to zero
10. Calculate the rate at which the water/suspension interface settles, in mm/s.
a. 0.45
b. 0.48
c. 0.42
d. 0.54
e. None
11. The velocity of the sediment is ____, in mm/s.
a. 0.375
b. 0.55
c. 0.45
d. 0
e. none
12. The voidage of the initial suspension is ____.
a. 0.45
b. 0.25
c. 0.75
d. 0.55
e. 1
13. Which of the following is correct?
a. The Reynolds number is greater than 0.3 and Stokes law does not apply
b. The Reynolds number is less than 0.3 and Stokes law applies
c. The Reynolds number is greater than 0.3 and Stokes law applies
d. Not enough data to make a conclusion
e. The Reynolds number is less than 0.3 and Stokes law does not apply

14. Which of the following shows the influence of Brownian motion on a suspension of colloidal
particles?
a. If drag, collisions and other factors are neglected, the average velocity of the particle
increases when temperature decreases.
b. If drag, collisions and other factors are neglected, the average velocity of the particle
increases when the temperature increases or particle mass increases
c. If drag, collisions and other factors are neglected, the average velocity of the particle
increases when the mass of the particle decreases
d. If drag, collisions and other factors are neglected, the average velocity of the particle
increases when temperature decreases or when the particle mass decrease
e. If drag, collisions and other factors are neglected, the average velocity of the particle
increases when temperature increases or when the particle mass decreases

15. Calculate the Debye length (in nm) for a suspension of 150 nm silica particles at 40 volume
percent solids in a solution of 0.002 M NaCl.
a. 6.80
b. 4.30
c. 3.72
d. 5.18
e. Non3

The resistance F of a sphere of diameter x, due to its motion with velocity u through a fluid of
density p and viscosity varies with Reynolds number as given in the table below:
Log10Re 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0
CD 1.05 0.63 0.441 0.385 0.39
16. Find the CD for a sphere of 0.015 m diameter which falls with a steady velocity of 0.6m/s in a
large deep tank of water of density 1000kg/m3 and viscosity 0.0015Pa.s
a. 0.481
b. 0.388
c. 0.385
d. 0.441
17. Find the mass (in kg) of a sphere 0.015 m diameter which falls with a steady velocity of 0.6m/s in
a large deep tank of water of density 1000kg/m3 and viscosity 0.0015Pa.s
a. 0.00120
b. 0.00481
 c. 0.00302
d. 0.00209

A slurry with a density of 2000 kg/m3, a yield stress of 0.5 N/m2, and a plastic viscosity of 250
centipoise is flowing in a 1.0 cm diameter pipe which is 5 m long. A pressure driving force of
4500 Pa is being used.
18. The Reynold’s number is _____.
a. 0.58
b. 0.37
c. 1
d. 0.63
e. None
19. The Hedstrom number is _____.
a. 1.1
b. 4.2
c. 3.9
d. 1.6
e. None
20. Calculate the flow rate of the slurry (m3/s).
a. 6.23 x 10-7
b. 2.54 x 10-6
c. 4.37 x 10-7
d. 1.26 x 10-7
e. None
21. The mean velocity (in m/s) is _____.
a. 0.0037
b. 0.0056
c. 0.0015
d. 0.0078
e. None
22. The wall shear stress
a. 3.35
b. 2.25
c. 2.0
d. 3.15
e. none

23. Consider a cuboid particle 5.00 x 2.00 x 1.00 mm. Calculate the surface-volume diameter for this
particle (the diameter of a sphere having the same external surface to volume ratio as the
particle), in millimeter.
a. 2.11
b. 1.29
c. 1.76
 d. 2.06
e. None
24. Consider a cuboid particle 5.00 x 2.00 x 1.00 mm. Calculate the surface diameter for this
particle.
a. 3.29
b. 3.06
c. 2.67
d. 3.83
e. None
25. Consider a cuboid particle 5.00 x 2.00 x 1.00 mm. Calculate the volume diameter for this
particle.
a. 3.83
b. 2.67
c. 3.06
d. 2.74
e. None

A material consisting originally of 25mm particles is crushed to an average size of 7 mm and

requires 6 kcal/kg for this size reduction.
26. Determine Kick’s constant.
a. 38.8
b. 33.6
c. 44.1
d. 46.7
e. 19.7
27. Determine the energy (in Kj/kg) required to crush the material from 25 mm to 3.5 mm assuming
Kick’s law.
a. 47.8
b. 43.6
c. 38.8
d. 30.9
28. Determine Rittinger’s constant
a. 244.1
b. 373.6
c. 194.4
d. 467.8
e. 154.2

A gas absorption tower of diameter 2 m contains ceramic Raschig rings randomly packed to a
height of 6 m. Air containing a small proportion of Sulphur dioxide passes upwards through the
absorption tower at a flow rate of 6 m3/s. The viscosity and density of the gas may be taken as
1.80 x 10-5 Pa.s and 1.2 kg/m3, respectively. For the Ceramic Raschig rings:
 Surface area per unit volume of packed bed, SB=180m2/m3
Voidage of randomly packed bed = 0.71
29. How much is the laminar flow component of the Ergun equation?
a. 2.08%
b. 7.02%
c. 1.98%
d. 7.92%
e. None
30. Calculate the frictional pressure drop across the packing in the tower (in Pa).
a. 3460.4
b. 3929.3
c. 4768.5
d. 2300.7
e. None
31. Calculate the diameter (in mm), xsv, of a sphere with the same surface-volume ratio as the
Raschig rings.
a. 103.4
b. 9.16
c. 9.67
d. 109.2
e. 3.00
32. Which of the following statement is TRUE?
a. The gas temperature is directly proportional to the pressure gradient
b. gas density is directly proportional to the pressure gradient
c. The gas flowrate is inversely proportional to the pressure gradient
d. Gas viscosity is directly proportional to the pressure gradient

33. A gravity separator for the removal from water oil droplets (assumed to behave as rigid spheres)
consists of a rectangular chamber containing inclined baffles. Calculate the percent change in
collection efficiency when the throughput of water is increased by a factor of 1.2 and density of
the oil droplets changes from 750 to 800 kg/m3.
a. 57.2%
b. 54.8%
c. 43.1%
d. 66.7%
e. 50.0%

34. For colloidal particles, the typical size ranges from _____.
a. 100nm – 1000nm
b. 100nm – 10000nm
c. 1nn – 10nm
d. 10nm – 1000nm
e. 1nm – 1000nm
35. When a mixture of particles of different sizes are vibrated, the larger particles move upward due
to the phenomena known as ____.
a. Perfect mixture phenomena
b. Geldart’s classification
c. Ergun Theory
d. Brazil nut effect
e. Scale of scrutiny

36. Estimate the amount of time (in minutes) that the suspension will remain stabilized against
sedimentation due to Brownian motion at room temperature (300K). The following data applies:
150 nm diameter alumina, density = 3980 kg/m3 in water (typical ceramic processing
suspension).
a. 17.4
b. 46.2
c. 25.3
d. 73.2
e. 8.19

37. When the polymer that adsorbs onto the particle’s surface is added in a quantity that is less
than sufficient to fully cover the surface, the method is _____.
a. Bridging flocculation
b. Van Waals interaction
c. Brownian motion
d. Steric repulsion
e. None

38. Given the tests on a reverse flow gas cyclone give the results shown in the table, determine the
total efficiency of the cyclone in percentage.

Test on a reverse flow gas cyclone give the results shown in the table below:
Size range 0-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30
Feed size analysis 10 15 25 30 15 5
Course product size analysis 0.1 3.53 18.0 27.3 14.63 5.0

a. 35.84
b. 28.51
c. 54.72
d. 73.25
e. 68.56

39. For flow of fluid through a packed bed of particles at high Reynolds number (>500), the frictional
pressure drop across the bed is independent of:
a. Particle size
 b. Superficial fluid velocity
c. Voidage
d. Fluid density
e. Fluid viscosity

40. When the gas velocity is insufficient to maintain the solids in suspension the solids begin to
settle out in the bottom of the pipe, velocity in a horizontal pneumatic transport of particulate
solids is called ____.
a. Choking velocity
b. Saltation velocity
c. Mean velocity
d. Bubble velocity
e. Superficial velocity

41. The buoyant force on a particle depends on ____.

a. The particle speed and particle size
b. The particle speed
c. The particle size
d. The particle density
e. The particle size and the particle density

42. It is the mixture that contains the same proportion of each particle (taken from any position in
the mixture) as the proportion present in the whole mixture.
a. Intermittent mixture
b. Perfect mixture
c. Turbulent mixture
d. Random mixture

43. Hindered settling velocity is not influenced by ____.

a. Particle density
b. Particle size
c. Particle density and particle suspension concentration
d. Particle suspension concentration
e. Particle density and particle size

44. When fluidized by air at ambient conditions, what differentiates a Geldart Group A powder from
a Geldart Group B powder?
a. It gives only bubbling fluidization
b. It is incapable of fluidization
c. It gives a region of bubbling fluidization until non-bubbling fluidization is attained when
velocity increases
d. It gives a region of non-bubbling fluidization and attains bubbling fluidization as fluidizing
velocity increases
45. If we measure a number distribution and wish to convert it to a surface distribution, what
assumptions have to be made?
a. Constancy of shape
b. Constancy of surface area
c. Constancy of shape and density
d. Constancy of density and surface area
e. Constancy of density

A sphere of diameter 10 mm and density 7700kg/m3 falls under gravity at terminal conditions
through a liquid of density 900 kg/m3 in a tube of diameter 15 mm. the measured terminal
velocity of the particle is 1.6 mm/s.
46. Calculate the Reynold’s number of the particle.
a. 0.0017
b. 0.197
c. 0.587
d. 0.009
e. 1.000
47. Calculate the terminal velocity for the particle in a fluid of infinite extent, in m/s.
a. 0.0901
b. 0.0190
c. 0.0521
d. 0
e. None
48. Calculate the fluid viscosity, in Pa.s
a. 11.43
b. 4.11
c. 1.0000
d. 19.54
e. none

49. In a cyclone separator, x50 cut size means _____.

a. It is the particle size which has a total of 50 solid particles in the coarse product.
b. It is that size of particle which has a 50 mm diameter.
c. It is that size of particle that equals to a volume of 50 cubic nanometers.
d. It is the particle size with 50% probability of appearing in the coarse product.
e. All of these

50. Brittle materials multiple fracture is common because _____.

a. There is low surface tension of the material
b. The specific rate of breakage decreases with decreasing particle size
c. The energy required in any comminution process is directly proportional to the ratio of the
volume of the feed particle to the product particle
d. The rate of crack propagation is lower than the velocity of sound in the material
 e. The energy required for particle size reduction is directly proportional to the area of new
surface created

51. The mass flow rate of particulate solids from a hole in the base of a flat-bottomed container
varies with _____.
a. Both hole diameter and depth of solids
b. Hole diameter
c. Both hole diameter and mass of the container
d. Depth of solids
e. Mass of the container

52. Calculate the effective volume fraction for a suspension of 150 nm silica particles at 40 volume
percent solids in a solution of 0.002 M NaCl.
a. 0.518
b. 0.472
c. 0.532
d. 0.237
e. None

53. A gas absorption tower of diameter 3 m contains ceramic Raschig rings randomly packed to a
height of 6 m. Air containing a small proportion of Sulphur dioxide passes upwards through the
absorption tower at a flow rate of 5 m3/s. Calculate the superficial gas velocity (in m/s).
a. 0.85
b. 1.59
c. 0.71
d. 1.91
e. None

54. In practice, cyclone separators are operated within a certain range of pressure drop because
____.
a. Within this range, the total efficiency increases with decreasing gas flow fate.
b. Within this range, the total efficiency decreases with increasing gas flow fate.
c. Within this range, the total efficiency increases with increasing gas flow fate
d. Within this range, the total efficiency decreases with decreasing gas flow fate
e. Within this range, the total efficiency increases with maintained gas flow fate

55. As the volume fraction of solids is increased, the suspension viscosity _____.
a. Decreases
b. Increases
c. Does not change
d. None

56. The particle Reynolds number is dependent on _____.

a. The particle density and the fluid density
 b. The particle density
c. The air density
d. The air density and the fluid density
e. The fluid density

57. In the segregation produced when a free-flowing mixture of particles is poured into a heap.
a. Percolation
b. Elutriation
c. Trajectory
d. Rise of coarse particles on vibration
e. All of these

58. As the pipe size increases (all other things held constant), the Reynolds number or the particle in
suspension in a fluid flowing in a pipe____.
a. Increases
b. Decreases
c. Undetermined
d. Has no effect
e. None of these

59. The total drag force acting on a particle is a function of:

I. The particle drag coefficient
II. The volume of the particle
III. The projected area of the particle

a. I and II
b. I and III
c. I only
d. III only
e. II only

60. It is the force that do not act on a particle inside a cyclone separator.
a. Weight
b. Centrifugal force
c. Buoyant force
d. Drag
e. None of these

61. The powder flow function is dependent on _____.

a. Both the powder properties and the hopper velocity
b. Hopper geometry
c. Both the powder properties and the hopper geometry
d. Powder properties
e. Hopper velocity
62. It refers to the diameter of a sphere having the same surface to volume ration as the particle
a. Equivalent surface-volume diameter
b. Equivalent surface area diameter
c. Equivalent volume diameter
d. Equivalent surface diameter
e. None of these

63. It is not a component in the equation describing the pressure drop across a pipe carrying solids
by pneumatic transport.
a. Pressure drop due to gas acceleration
b. Pressure drop due to the static head of solids
c. Pressure drop due to the velocity head of solids
d. Pressure drop due to gas-to-wall friction

64. The feed concentration (when the total flux plot does not go through a minimum) in an
underloaded thickener is ___.
a. More than the overflow concentration
b. More than the feel concentration
c. Lower than the overflow concentration
d. Equal to the overflow concentration

65. The particle settling velocity in a fluid-particle suspension:

I. Increases with increasing particle concentration
II. Increases with increasing fluid viscosity
III. Increases with increasing ratio of particle diameter to characteristic system dimension

a. II only
b. I and II
c. III only
d. II and III
e. I only

66. In reference to a settling slurry the flow velocity when particle begin to settle out is ____.
a. Critical deposition velocity
b. Standard velocity
c. Superficial velocity
d. Mean velocity
e. None

67. The shear stress can be decrease with time when the shear rate is maintained constant for ____.
a. Rheopectic fluid
b. Homogeneous fluid
c. Power law fluids
 d. Thixotropic fluid
e. None

68. When a particle reaches terminal velocity _____.

a. The particle acceleration is zero
b. The particle acceleration equals the apparent volume of the particle
c. The particle acceleration is constant
d. The particle acceleration equals the apparent weight of the particle
e. The particle acceleration is infinity

69. The concentration in the bottom section of the thickener is equal to ___ in an overloaded
thickener (when the total flux plot does not go through a minimum).
I. The overflow concentration
II. The solids concentration
III. The liquid concentration
IV. The feed concentration

a. II only
b. I and III
c. III only
d. I only
e. IV only

70. Rittinger’s postulate for predicting energy requirements for particle size reductions applies to
____.
a. Brittle particle
b. Intermediate particles
c. Coarse particles
d. Very small particles
e. Large particles

71. Stokes drag assumes that ____.

I. The particle Reynolds number is constant
II. The drag coefficient is constant
III. The drag force is constant; none of these

a. III only
b. II only
c. I only
d. I and II
e. I and III

72.