3. 312456. According to the AHA, the nurse should ask the client if he's
choking and if he can speak. Next, she should administer abdominal
thrusts or chest thrusts (if the client is obese or pregnant). She should
continue thrusts until they're effective or until the client becomes
unresponsive. When the latter occurs, the nurse should activate the
emergency response team, then perform a tongue-jaw lift followed by a
finger sweep to clear visible food. Next, she should open the client's
airway and try to ventilate him. If his airway still is obstructed, she
should reposition his head and try to ventilate again. Then, she should
give up to five abdominal thrusts.
4. The pulmonic area is best heard at the second intercostal space, just
left of the sternum.
7. 315624. As the fetus moves through the birth canal, she goes through
position changes to ensure that the smallest diameter of her head always
presents to the smallest diameter of the birth canal. Termed the cardinal
mechanisms of labor, these position changes occur in the following
sequence: descent, flexion, internal rotation, extension, external rotation,
and expulsion.
10. 31. The flow rate is 125 ml/hour or 125 ml/60 minutes. Use the
following equation: Drip rate = 125 ml/60 minutes × 15 gtt/1 ml. The
drip rate is 31.25 gtt/minute (31 gtt/minute).
11. 45231. Strong Braxton Hicks contractions typically occur prior to the
onset of true labor and are considered a preliminary sign of labor. During
the latent phase of the first stage of labor, contractions are mild, lasting
about 20 to 40 seconds. As the client progresses through labor,
contractions increase in intensity and duration, and cervical dilation
occurs. Cervical dilation of 7 cm indicates that she has entered the active
phase of the first stage of labor. Cervical effacement also occurs, and
effacement of 100% characterizes the transition phase of the first stage of
labor. Progression into the second stage of labor is noted by the client's
uncontrollable urge to push.